Biology Textbooks PDF 2013-2024 Form

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I was also a marine biologist and have a masters degree in marine biology (now I am a wetland scientist)  Becoming a marine biologist takes a lot of hard work like Teng stated.  I believe what got me to be a marine biologist is getting good experience.  Try to get as much experience as you can and start early.  Work at a Pet Store, intern during the summer (even in high school) and in college again intern in the summer... try Galveston marine lab, DisneyWorld in Orlando, Mote marine Laboratory in Sarasota, FL, look for places in California, Oregon, Washington, etc.. along the coast that might have places where you can work (most likely unpaid).  Work hard, do good on your SATs and GREs, and take some good classes. As Teng stated, I recommend going to a college where you can get a good biology, zoology, or environmental science degree... Then apply to graduate school for marine biology.  Most people pursue marine biology and then don't become marine biologists.. its a good idea to get an education in something else.. i recommend environmental science or zoology (I did zoology).  Some good graduate schools for marine biology - UC Santa Cruz, Cal State and Monterey Bay (they have a marine mammal facility that's pretty cool - I visited it), Texas A&M Galveston, Eckerd College in St Pete,  UNC Wilmington.. I'm sure there are others.  I went to Nova Southeastern University in Dania Beach, FL for grad school.  I only went there because they didn't have a traditional thesis program like the others.  I went and visited UC Santa Cruz, Cal State, and UNC Wilmington and none of them would accept me since they didn't have "space" in their program.. You need to bring something to the program (Money) or great experience.. or they just have an opening... You can wait until there is an opening or find somewhere else to go.  I don't know of any scholarships since marine biology is a highly sought after program.  I got a scholarship for my undergrad (University of Florida) but it was only like $1500 through the Atlanta Gator Alumni Club.  Check for scholarships through your local alumni clubs for the schools you are thinking of attending.. like I did.I highly recommend getting as much experience as you can.. get internships now and while in college. Even then, getting an marine biology internship can be very hard. I got a great internship because I took upon myself to do independent research while an undergraduate at the University of Florida.  The research I did on Stenella skulls (measured skulls from various museums) made me stand out from the other applicants and I got an internship at Mote Marine Laboratory in Sarasota working in the dolphin and manatee stranding department. I ended up carrying a pager and was on call for any stranding events. I performed necropsies and other things like that.  Even with this internship, it was really hard to get into graduate school for marine biology.  You are compete against others around the US (and world) with almost perfect GRE scores and tons more experience than I had.  I still went to graduate school (Nova Southeastern University in Dania Beach, FL) but did not go to a larger school with a traditional thesis program.  I ended up getting my masters in marine biology and was able to get a job at an engineering firm as a marine biologist.  I'd like to think my education and experience got me the job.. and it did help but ultimately my friend was working there and he helped me get the job.  I worked as a marine biologist for about 3 years. I primarily dove the coasts of Florida, running transects in the nearshore hard bottom areas primarily for beach nourishment projects.  It seems fun but it is hard work.. being underwater for 10 hours a day... even in the winter (the water can get around 60 degrees in the winter) and you have to work in some large swells/waves 3-4 feet at times (rare but it does happen).  I left that job and got a job as a wetland/environmental scientist and enjoy it very much. I still occaissionally get some coastal work.. but its primarily desk work and report writing.  Anyway, bottom line.. there are various routes in marine biology.. but its a tough field.  Get really good grades, good test scores, and lots of experience.. that is the best you can do.

DNA extraction can be done using conventional method or with kit's available from different companies like qiagen, thermo fisher etc.. Both involves the same principle. First the cell (from saliva, hair or any biological samples) containing the DNA needs to be lysed and cell debris needs to be separated. Then proteins are precipitated and separated. Finally DNA is extracted. There are two types of DNA namely plasmid DNA and genomic DNA. Both can be separated from each other in final step of extraction according to your requirement.For DNA testing we can use RAPD. It is a PCR technique used to identify the DNA similarity between suspects and the unkown DNA (obtained from crime scene or embryo in case of DNA test). DNA is extracted using above mentioned procedure. During RAPD, random primers are used which will create a particular band lengths during gel electrophoresis for both unknown and suspects DNA. If the band length of unkown and any one of the suspect matches, then there is a high possibility that he might the criminal.In case of child and father DNA testing, child possess a copy of father's DNA. So during RAPD, both yield same bands.