The Role of the Teacher and the Role of the Assistant Form

The same reason nationalists eat whatever shit is fed to them: because belief trumps facts, always. They believe every…Scratch that. They believe they would be better in a system where everybody has more or less the same, which from the standpoint of rural imperial russian would actually be pretty astute notion: they lived in conditions so hellish, I don’t think history has proper comparisons outside concentration camps.All they knew was absolute hell, so yeah, it’s easy to make that assumption; everybody has it as bad, so yeah, some form of forced equality really did sound good. And it was far, far better than what they were used to.In the modern society it’s a bit different. There are -for some reason- a lot of people thinking they would be better off if some people wouldn’t be that rich. While I fail to see any logic or sense in that, opinions rarely have either of them. And from this belief comes the insultingly stupid notion that other people would be better off as well.This is the power of belief. Reality ceases to be meaningless when insipid lies offer more sensible answers in black and white.That being said, communism could work. If, say, singapore, southern finland or most parts of urban switzerland were dictated via communist model, the infrastructure and standards of living might just be high enough that a system like that could survive a limited test round.No system is unusable by nature. Implementation means much more than any simple -ism.

I have been waiting for this question for so long. You all think far too small.Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the Michael Faraday Academy of Science!The Faraday Academy is an elite private boarding school for dreamers, intellectuals, and world-changers. It is located high in the mountains of Italy.Our proud motto: sic itur ad astra.In English, “thus one journeys to the stars”.CurriculumAt the Faraday Academy, we do not conform to the regressive standards set by bureaucratic politicians. Our teachers are renowned professors from around the world, teaching academic-level material.While the Faraday Academy is intended for high-school-aged students, we do not teach high-school material. Rather, we teach for degree credit. Some students complete their bachelors degree while still in high school, others have a head start when they go off to college and university.All our programs are original academic courses created by professors specifically for the Faraday Academy.Daily StructureStudents may choose as many courses as they think they can complete, though there is a minimum amount one must choose.Hours are determined by the courses one chooses.Campus BuildingsThe Freeman Dyson School of Physics - Here, the greatest minds in the world have come to teach the next generation about the fundamental laws of our universe.The Wolfgang Pauli Linear Accelerator - A top-notch atom smasher built by some of the greatest nuclear engineers on the planet. Part of the Dyson School.The Robert Lanza Biological Laboratory - Named after Robert Lanza the scientist, not Adam Lanza the serial killer! Features cutting-edge gene splicing tools and equipment. Possibly the source of the glow-in-the-dark squirrels that roam the school grounds.The Antoine Lavoisier Center for Chemistry - Run by a legendary Nobel Laureate, this institution is recognized as having some of the best teachers in the world.The Fritz Zwicky Astronomical Observatory - Featuring one of the largest telescopes in Europe.The Emmy Noether School of Mathematical Sciences - For those of us for whom math is not a chore but a passion. Students here have already discovered several important new theorems.The Marvin Minsky Center for Computer Science and Robotics - Featuring “Turing’s Ghost”, the most powerful supercomputer outside of the US or China, and a robotics laboratory which does not pursue competitions such as FIRST, but rather focuses on machine learning and kinematics.The Gustav Eiffel Engineering Facility - From rockets to buildings, anything is possible here.The Spinoza Philosophical School - Ethics, religion, morality, science, knowledge, and everything in between.SpaceportThe Michael Collins International Spaceport is regarded by many as one of the highlights of the school. Every student is guaranteed a personal suborbital spaceflight aboard an XCOR Lynx (with an experiment of his choice) at least once during his time at the school.Dormitory and AmentiesThe school has several world-class restaurants, with food from all over the globe. We also have a library, theatre, art gallery, and concert hall. There is a pluralistic temple as well, for religious students.The dormitories are beautiful and clean. Each student has a personal room, with a comfortable bed, a bathroom and shower, a work-desk, and a high-end computer setup.ArchitectureThe Michael Faraday Academy of Science was designed by the greatest architects available. We blend a variety of styles, including:Gothic RevivalNeo-FuturisticIndustrialAdmissions and RecruitmentOur school teaches students aged 14–18.Here at the Michael Faraday Academy, we have three criteria for acceptance:Intelligence: We want only the brightest. For this, we have devised the Faraday Mind Metric, a unique test designed to isolate those who have potential but have not necessarily achieved it. This helps assess students from impoverished countries, or students who are unable, for one reason or another, to express themselves intellectually.Passionate Optimism: A love of the future, progress, and human advancement, and a tangible desire to work hard to ensure a better future for humanity.Achievement: This can be in the form of excellent grades, self-studying, prior acceptance into exclusive programs, a dedication to scientific hobbies, exceptional knowledge of certain topics, etc. An applicant must choose only one of these, though.Additionally, we search for the following personality traits in our prospective students:Appreciation for history, culture, fine art, and music.Desire to put intellectual pursuits ahead of materialistic or hedonistic desires.Politeness, courteousness, and graciousness.Revolutionary thinking beyond limits, far ahead of the curve, with no respect for the established status quo.While students from wealthy countries can usually apply and go through a straightforward admission process, we also have recruitment offices, where dedicated educators search for students in war-torn, ravaged, and poor countries who have the potential to positively affect the human future.RulesWe do not permit wild parties, raucous music, or generally unprofessional behavior.All students must either wear dress clothing (suits or buttoned shirts), work clothing (lab coats, engineer aprons), or the school uniform within the main school buildings. Free dress is permitted within the dormitories and around the general grounds. The school uniform has been crafted by top fashion designers from around the world.CostsAll fees, including tuition, spaceflight, food, and dorms are free for the students, and completely covered by the Infinity Fund, part of the nonprofit organization that established the school.

OHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHOHONOOOOOOOOOOOOTHAT’S A BIG FAT “NO” RIGHT THERE HONEYOkay… let’s talk for a bit:Do you know what a Superimposed Boundary is?Its defined as “A boundary that has been imposed on an area by an outside or conquering power. This boundary ignores the cultural organizations on this landscape.”Great. Now that we know what that is, let’s talk about the Berlin Conference:This is when they carved up the giant cake of Africa and established those good ol’ superimposed boundaries allllllllll over Africa and imperialised all of it.Let’s talk about how that worked, first of all:Here’s a map of all those boundaries:Here’s a map of physical boundaries in Africa:A map of all the religions:And a map of languages:Wow… would you like to notice how absolutely none of the religions and languages line up with the boundaries, and how there are a lot of countries landlocked without any access to trade… and how some countries are stuck in literal mountains.Okay, so obviously Africa wasn’t bettered by colonial influence, but that’s not all: let’s talk about the Columbian Exchage.All those great crops we gave each other, eh (look at all those amazing diseases that wiped out the Native Americans)?But wait… it’s missing something.You see, they also had slave trade!Yep.Wanna know what we did to them in the process of slave trade?Here’s a hint: Killmonger wasn’t joking when he said people killed themselves on those boats coming over to America because of how bad it was.Africa may not be the best place now, but it was much, much worse when Colonial Powers were the ones running the show.

“The mass of men lead lives of quiet desperation.”Henry David Thoreau, Walden, 1854This is a U.S. perspective.I don’t think my answer is going to be very popular, honestly. It’s not a currently politically acceptable one, and I understand that. I don’t expect everyone to agree with me. But, I’ll make my case.What young men need most from society right now is to have engaged models of positive, authentic masculinity that are in personal relationship with them, initiating them into a culture of positive, authentic masculinity.I want to start by issuing a disclaimer. I am not writing this to push back against the LGBTQ+ community. I am not writing this to denigrate the real conditions of gender dysphoria or to attack the concept of “gender fluidity.” I am not writing this because I believe in any sort of “men’s rights” nonsense or as an attack on feminism (radical or otherwise.)I am not suggesting that there are special rules of masculinity, and one is not a “true man” if they don’t put overlarge tires on their jeep. I am not suggesting that there are gender roles in terms of jobs or positions that should uniquely be held by men alone.Save the hate mail, please.When I was in college and figuring out who I am, I became part of an exceptionally good group of men through Campus Crusade for Christ (now Cru). A friend in this group introduced me to what would become a profoundly influential book for me, Wild at Heart by John Eldridge.I resisted reading it at first, because I was resistant to the incredibly rigid, extremely conservative mold that Cru often stuck to. I was raised in a more egalitarian faith community (United Methodist,) and chafed at what I saw (and still often see with fundamentalist evangelicalism) as a fairly misogynistic culture.Don’t get me wrong; I loved and still do love these men and many of us have stayed in contact for the long years since college. They are deeply faithful, positive men, and the fellowship I share with them is deeply meaningful to me even when we don’t see entirely eye to eye on certain things.Eventually during one stretch of college, having nothing else left on my reading list, I picked up the copy I was given and decided to at least give it a go, prepared to chew the good and spit the bad as I often did with the conservative literature recommended to me by my friends.The book immediately spoke to something deep inside of me that I did not even entirely understand was there.Eldridge, and other authors such as Paul Coughlin (No More Christian Nice Guy) and Brett McKay at The Art of Manliness, have noted that authentic masculinity has become a lost art in today’s society, leaving young men confused and frustrated about what it means for them to be male in today’s society.The Loss of Positive Cultural MasculinityThe worst of this started in the 1970’s with the frankly wrong notion in professional psychology that gender is entirely a social construct and a subsequent push towards androgyny. The rightful push for women’s equality got twisted around into the idea that women are not just fundamentally equally capable of the same work and had the same fundamental dignity - which I fully agree with - and rather into the idea that men and women are fundamentally the same, albeit with different plumbing.The loss of positive masculinity had started well before this, but the neuterization of the culture made matters exponentially worse.Compounding matters was that the Boomers came of age largely in this culture of neuterization, and were incredibly distrustful of the Silent Generation and the GI Generation before them, with some good reason. My father has often told me that the counter-culture of the 60’s and 70’s (when he grew up) was largely a product of perceived hypocrisy in the parent generation that grew up in the 40’s and 50’s. “Don’t trust anyone over 30” was one of those key phrases of that generation.The last great revival of authentic cultural masculinity was part of those two generations: men like Teddy Roosevelt were models for that era. There were organizations dedicated to authentic, positive masculinity. The YMCA - Young Men’s Christian Association - was formed in part for this very purpose.This authentic masculinity was actually helpful to women in part; it was through these progressive, authentic men who embodied a positive form of masculinity that embraced virtues such as service to others among other values, that was able to push through the 19th Amendment in 1919 granting universal women’s suffrage.Literally entire books have been written on this particular subject of masculinity through generations. I don’t want this answer to rehash them in their entirety. If you’re interested on the subject, I highly recommend these as a starting point:Wild at Heart, by John EldridgeNo More Christian Nice Guy, by Paul CoughlinGenerations and The Fourth Turning, by William Strauss and Neil HoweRaising Cain by Drs. Dan Kindlon and Michael ThompsonWhy Gender Matters, by Dr. Leonard SaxManhood in America: a Cultural History, by Michael KimmelWhy This Loss MattersOne of the things that Eldridge points out in Wild at Heart is that this generational loss of positive masculinity is particularly harmful because masculinity is bestowed.Eldridge uses this example from Stephen Ambrose’s account of WWII, Citizen Soldiers:Brig. Gen. Norman “Dutch” Cota, assistant division commander of the 29th, came on a group of infantry pinned down by some Germans in a farmhouse. He asked the captain in command why his men were making no effort to take the building.“Sir, the Germans are in there, shooting at us,” the captain replied.“Well, I’ll tell you what, captain,” said Cota, unbuckling two grenades from his jacket. “You and your men start shooting at them. I’ll take a squad of men and you and your men watch carefully. I’ll show you how to take a house with Germans in it.”Cota led his squad around a hedge to get as close as possible to the house. Suddenly, he gave a whoop and raced forward, the squad following, yelling like wild men. As they tossed grenades into the windows, Cota and another man kicked in the front door, tossed a couple of grenades inside, waited for the explosions, then dashed into the house. The surviving Germans inside were streaming out the back door, running for their lives. Cota returned to the captain. “You’ve seen how to take a house,” said the general, still out of breath. “Do you understand? Do you know how to do it now?”“Yes, sir.”The men didn’t know what to do until someone with experience showed them. “Sir, the Germans are in there, shooting at us.” They were actually surprised about it, despite the fact that they were in a war zone. Nobody had ever showed them what it looked like to take a house.This is a part of masculinity at its core. Boys need an authentic role model to bring them into authentic manhood. Without it, they’re just lost, confused. Of course, they can’t admit it to each other because of the fear of looking stupid in front of others.So, they arrogantly try to act like they know what they are doing, all the meanwhile just digging themselves in deeper. They’re groping in the dark, trying to figure it out, because nobody has really given them any way to know the difference. We need these role models in our lives as men to initiate and guide us into manhood, then to recognize us when we get there.Virtually every culture around the world incorporates some form of ritualistic initiation into male adulthood, where the older generation of men recognize a young male as having crossed the line into adult manhood. The older men deliberately instruct the younger men in authentic masculinity.To a degree, this makes sense. There is a relatively clear physical marker of the transition to female adulthood: the onset of menstruation. There isn’t a particularly corresponding physical marker for males.There is a deep and profound loss of that ritualistic initiation in the United States. The Boomers abandoned it, and Generation X became lost having never known it existed in the first place.And it wasn’t that nothing filled the gap. Where positive masculinity stopped initiating men, a toxic brand of masculinity was more than happy to insert itself.I was there in the locker rooms where this masculinity was bestowed and spread like a cancer. Where new rites of initiation were crafted around conquests and belt notches. I was there, when the internet taught us boys about the farcical “manhood” that has metastasized into the “men’s rights” and “alt-right” and “incel” cancers on society.I was there.And there but for the grace of God go I.I got to follow around a pastor from Ireland who was instrumental in negotiating the Good Friday Agreement for a week in law school at one point. He often opens his talks up with a story of three boys, best of friends, having grown up together. One is dead, killed by the violence. one is serving a life sentence in prison for having slit someone’s neck ear-to-ear. He is the third boy. The night his friends were going to sign up together for the IRA, he had a date, and that was more important to him that night. Had he not had that date, he might well have become a terrorist.I got involved in Cru because I had a crush on a girl. I got plugged into positive masculinity because of it. I’m lucky, not good.In education, we talk about the “phantom curriculum.” All of the stuff around our students that is outside of our classroom, but that is teaching them all day long.If we don’t teach our boys how to be good men, it’s not that they’ll just stop learning entirely. They’ll look for what masculinity means on their own. And powerfully bad things will be happy to sell it to them.The Loss of HeroesWe actually mock our most heroic, courageous, and respectable men.You know who was one of the greatest, most manly men of the past century?This man.Fred Rogers endured terrible criticism throughout his lifetime. He was often lampooned and parodied on television.He fought through it, however, and courageously continued to teach children about real leadership: fairness, gentleness, kindness, service to others, compassion for everyone, and personal discipline. His wife, Joanne, said after his death, “Discipline was his very strong suit. If I were asked for three words to describe him, I think those words would be courage, love, and discipline – perhaps in that very order.” (Fred Rogers, The World According to Mr. Rogers: Important Things to Remember, 7) Joanne tells us that he would struggle to come up with exactly the right words to signNow the hearts of children, day after day. He was relentless in his determination and mission to the service of children.Fred Rogers was an incredibly positive model of masculinity.The man answered his own fan mail. All of it. By hand. He did this, because he believed that children could spot a fake, and for him to be a role model was of the utmost importance.The man testified in front of the Supreme Court of the United States about video recording and his speech was so powerful that it was quoted word for word in the deciding opinion.He taught decades of children the values of respect, dignity, and treating others with those values.He got nature on his side. A gorilla that learned sign language told Mr. Rogers that he was the gorilla’s favorite TV show.When racial tensions were high in the United States, leading to race riots in the streets in several cities, Fred Rogers invited François Clemmons onto his show to give a positive portrayal of a black police officer. Officer Clemmons became a recurring figure on the show, where in the make-believe neighborhood, he ran a dance and music studio across the street from Rogers’ home in addition to being a friendly neighborhood police officer. When Rogers first invited Clemmons onto the show, Rogers washed the man’s feet in an act meant to speak deeply to the largely segregationist southern evangelical Christian community. It was radically authentic leadership.He was one of the most selfless men in the history of this nation, and what did he get for it? A lifetime of criticism and derision, even mockery after death. We should be utterly ashamed of the way we have dismissed this man.Fred Rogers was a man among men. He should be celebrated and held aloft as an example of authentic masculinity. Mr. Rogers was one of the most manly men that ever walked this world in the modern times.Instead, what do we have today?Where are the authentic heroes portraying positive masculinity?The Onion recently ran a satirical headline: Eminem Terrified As Daughter Begins Dating Man Raised On His Music.Satire, indeed.StrengthI was there, Gandalf. I was there three thousand years ago. I was there the day the strength of Men failed.Lord Elrond, The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the RingOne of the first things that society needs to understand is the fundamental nature of masculinity and how it manifests itself in a particular anxiety in men.Brett McKay at The Art of Manliness identifies three core motivations of masculinity: protect, procreate, and provide. John Eldridge identifies similar core desires of masculinity: a battle to fight, an adventure to live, and a beauty to save.Eldridge believes that these desires, and I would include McKay’s three P’s, stem from the image of God that men bear. Now, not everyone subscribes to Christianity, or believes in the creation story as fact. Whether literal truth or allegory, I believe it’s meaningful to the spirituality of masculinity that men and women are created in the image of God.That image is the image of God’s strength. Take the religious aspect out of it, and I think the psychology is still the same. Masculinity is, at its core, the image of strength.It has a corresponding anxiety that comes from it: the fear of not being strong enough. The fear of failure at a critical moment, when a man is most needed.Even good men fear failure. There is a little part in The Incredibles that sums up the fundamental fear of a man quite clearly. Bob and Helen Paar (aka Mr. Incredible and Elastigirl,) have just escaped from Syndrome’s island to stop his robot. They’ve managed to land their RV safely, and Bob steps out to confront the robot.Bob: Wait here and stay hidden. I’m going in.Helen: While what? I watch helplessly from the sidelines? I don’t think so!Bob: I’m asking you to wait with the kids!Helen: And I’m telling you not a chance. You’re my husband; I’m with you, for better or worse.Bob: I have to do this alone!Helen: What is this to you, playtime?Bob: No…Helen: So you can be Mr. Incredible again?Bob: No!Helen: Then what? What is it?Bob: I’m not…Helen: I’m not what?Bob: I’m not strong enough…Helen: Strong enough. And this will make you stronger?Bob: Yes. No!Helen: That’s what this is?! Some kind of workout?Bob: (grabs Helen) I can’t lose you again! I’m not… not strong enough…Bob’s fear is the fear of most men: I’m not strong enough.He’s not only afraid that he’s going to fail, he’s afraid he’s going to fail his family, because he thinks he can’t protect them and stop this robot at the same time. He is afraid to risk his family’s safety, thinking that by distancing them from the situation, he can keep them safe. The most devastating thing he had just experienced was when he thought his family was killed before in a missile attack on the plane they were in to go find him. He couldn’t stop it. He couldn’t do anything.This is the worst nightmare of a man: the things in his life that he values most of all are about to fail, and there is absolutely no way for him to stop it. All he can do is sit there while he thinks the most important thing in his world is extinguished. His fear is that his strength will fail.I knew a man in my church in college who was a high-level executive for an insurance company. He made a seven-figure salary, had his own personal plane and pilot’s license, drove a very expensive car, and had a house that made me wonder if he actually needed a map to get from one end to the other. I swear to God, I went to visit one time, and almost needed kiosks that said, “You are here.” Once, he came into Bible study completely miserable. He’d just completed a huge deal with another insurance company for a gigantic multi-million-dollar payout. He was miserable because he knew he’d be expected to pull it off again, hit another home run yet again, and he didn’t think he could do it.This fear of failure, the anxiety of strength, does not go away when one simply stops being properly initiated into manhood. Rather, it becomes less managed. That is what creates toxic masculinity.Toxic Masculinity is Strength Run Amok or Strength AbandonedGod: Are you ashamed you love Julie?Billy: Ain’t ashamed of anything.God: Then, why did you hit her?Billy: Well, it’s like this, see. We’d argue. She’d say this, and I’d say that, and she’d be right, so I hit her.Carousel, 1945Men fall from strength into toxic masculinity in two general ways: violence and passivity.Violent men are strength unrestrained. They become abusive. They use their strength to dominate others.It’s born of the same anxiety: the fear of the failure of their strength. By dominating others, by accumulating enough power, violent men try to insulate themselves from failure.Passive men are strength abandoned. They’re beaten men, living in fear of being beaten again. These are the guys who sit in the armchair while their sons play outside. They are distant, remote, and often manipulative.It’s also born of the same anxiety. By living as quietly as possible, risking as little as possible, they can’t fail. If they never test their strength, they can never find it wanting.In Carousel, Billy is an abusive husband who violently hits his wife. He is ashamed of his inadequacy, and she forces him to confront that deepest of anxieties inherent to masculinity. He responds with toxic masculinity; rather than understand the nature of his anxiety and learning to deal with it appropriately, he violently lashes out to end his pain.Edwin Arlington Robinson depicts the quintessential passive man in his poem “Miniver Cheevy”:Miniver Cheevy, child of scorn,Grew lean while he assailed the seasons;He wept that he was ever born,And he had reasons.Miniver loved the days of oldWhen swords were bright and steeds were prancing;The vision of a warrior boldWould set him dancing.Miniver sighed for what was not,And dreamed, and rested from his labors;He dreamed of Thebes and Camelot,And Priam’s neighbors.. . .Miniver Cheevy, born too late,Scratched his head and kept on thinking;Miniver coughed, and called it fate,And kept on drinking.Service to OthersDan: Hey, Socrates. If you know so much, then how come you're working at a gas station?Socrates: This is a service station. We offer service. There's no higher purpose.Dan: Than pumping gas?Socrates: Service to others.Way of the Peaceful Warrior (2006)The core of masculinity, that strength, is meant to be offered to the world in a positive manner - through service to others. The authentic, positive man understands the nature of his strength, and how to use it to serve others.Neither violent men nor passive men use their strength to benefit others. They either use it abusively to benefit themselves or abandon it and with it, abandon others.Jesus of Nazareth taught that there is no greater love than that a man lays down his life for others. If you accept the teachings of the Good Book as truth, Jesus was God, made fully human. He had the strength of God behind Him. But He chose to use His divinity and power to lay down His very life in service to others, ultimately in service to all of humanity.Young men are not taught this today, and thus fall to violence and passivity. They inhale the phantom curriculum, which glorifies violence, selfishness.Young men are not given greater purpose in life. There is no adventure for them to live. No meaningful battle for them to spend their strength.Instead, they bury themselves in games that are pale imitations of purpose. Their battles are nothing more than mashing buttons on a console. It’s meaningless at the end of the day.Or they lose themselves in the corporate jungle. What purpose is there filling out TPS reports day after day?So, they whack a little white ball off a tee, instead.And keep on drinking.A New Generation of Authentic MenWhat young men need today is authentic men to embrace their strength, virtuously, responsibly, and humbly, and to understand their fundamental anxiety in healthy ways, and for those authentic men to embrace young men and teach them how to grow into positive masculinity in the same way.What young men need most from society is models of authentic, positive masculinity, and for those models to be respected and lifted up, rather than the toxic violence and passivity that society has embraced. What young men need from society is to offer their unique strength in meaningful purpose.What young men need from society is a new generation of men like Fred Rogers, who model authentic, positive masculinity. Who model a life of purpose. Who model a life of service to others. These are men who are immeasurably strong, who are capable and proactive and honorable, and who use their strength for the benefit of humanity, rather than selfish violence or passivity.This is not about roles, or power, or hierarchy, or domination over women. This is not about making femininity less than.An authentic, virtuous, positive man can be a stay-at-home father. An authentic, virtuous, positive man can cry and love and dance. An authentic, virtuous, positive man can write poetry or paint or be a nurse or a kindergarten teacher or a concert flutist.An authentic, virtuous, positive man offers his strength to benefit the world in service to others in any meaningful purpose he so desires.Young men need older mentors who can teach them this, model it for them, and initiate them into adult manhood through enabling them to join the ranks of authentic, virtuous, positive men.That is what young men most need from society.This I believe.I thought about simply giving my mostly standard addendum and disclaimer for this and leaving comments open.I’ve decided against it this time.It’s not because I’m afraid of the debate. I’m not afraid of the criticism.This answer was simply too emotionally exhausting for me to write today. I haven’t opened up one tenth of the feelings I have on this subject. If I opened up comments, I know that I will end up further engaging with it. It’s too deeply touching a piece of my soul to let it go.And I just don’t have it in me today. I need to step back from it.Comments closed for this one.Thanks for the A2A, Marcia Peterson Buckie

Form I - Shii-Cho The Way of the Sarlacc; the Determination FormShii-Cho is the first lightsaber form ever developed and mostly covers the basics of attack zones and general best-practices for utilizing a lightsaber’s unique properties to one’s advantage… But mainly against enemies not armed with lightsabers. Its signature moves are a disarming strike to an opponent’s non-lightsaber weapon and a wide sweep that cuts through multiple non-deflective opponents; in other words, techniques that train users in getting used to the fact that a lightsaber cuts through anything, helping measure themselves against those less powerful.The actual technique was otherwise very basic swordsmanship that was easily overcome by any of the other, more sophisticated lightsaber forms.Form II - MakashiThe Way of the Yslamiri; the Contention FormMakashi is the first lightsaber form built exclusively for fighting and defeating other lightsaber-wielders, making it the de facto dueling or fencing form. Where Shii-Cho could make very decisive strikes very confidently against opponents with lesser weapons, those strategies didn’t hold up too well when Jedi fought each other. The creators of Makashi realized that in this situation economy of motion was vital; that one shouldn’t overextend one’s self, and that speed and precision would be rewarded more than power. Thus, it mimics real-world rapier-oriented fighting styles, emphasizing precise wrist-motions, swift footwork, and opportunistic strikes against open or over-extended opponents. Its signature techniques are good old fashioned ripostes.As a technical lightsaber-on-lightsaber form Makashi remained highly formidable for centuries. Imperfect mastery of any of the other forms wouldn’t suffice against a highly practiced Makashi practitioner. However, its lack of emphasis on power or stability meant that a suitably bold opponent could theoretically overpower the user. It also had one glaring defensive weakness, in that Makashi trained one to be highly adept at parrying and riposting incoming lightsaber attacks, but lacked signNow investment in blaster deflection.Funnily enough Rex or Fives might have been better-suited to killing Dooku than either Anakin or Obi-Wan. All they had to do this whole time was the one thing they didn’t try, and that’s shooting him.Form III - SoresuThe Way of the Mynock; the Resilience FormSoresu is a form developed from a combination of Form I deflection techniques and the economy-of-motion philosophy of Form II, designed originally to counter blasters, which just started to become widely popular at the time it was created. Over time it became a radically defensive form emblematic of the Jedi Order’s pacifist ideals. Its signature techniques involve keeping the blade in motion, with the user effectively turtling up and insuring that they can defend from any angle with a stout guard. Then, when the opponent presented an opening, the user would perform an appropriate and measured counterattack — and Soresu featured an array of devastating and decisive counterattacks.As a dueling form Soresu was theoretically perfect… provided that the duelist never mis-judged an opening and maintained perfect, never-ending composure. That meant either the opponent had to be imperfect, or the duelist themselves had to be absolutely perfect. As such in live combat against an expert opponent it could exhaust the patience of all but the most stony-minded Jedi warriors, trapping duels in tedious stalemates in a contest of who would make a mistake out of frustration or exhaustion first. The humanoid temper being what it is in the heat of battle, many Jedi could be easily defeated by their own Soresu.Form IV - AtaruThe Way of the Hawk-Bat; the Aggression FormDuring the Mandalorian Wars, the Jedi were in open conflict with skies full of jetpack-mounted, blaster-toting, rocket-shooting opponents. Mandalorians were an uncanny kind of opponent who crafted weapons, armor, and a fighting style specific to their Jedi opponents, and as such required more than just a lightsaber and firm footing to defeat. They needed mobility.Enter Ataru, credited as the acrobatic style employed by Qui-Gon Jinn during The Phantom Menace and Yoda during Attack of the Clones. This form emphasized enhancement of speed and agility through the Force, making the user above all else a mobile target as well as a confusing and aggressive fighter. In one-on-one combat it was capable of overwhelming opponents with fast strikes from a multitude of directions and positions, not unusually from the air. This could make it a decisive form that, when supplemented with a few deflection techniques from outside styles, strongly complimented the on-the-move role that Jedi adopted as agents and envoys of the Senate.The problem with this form is that it’s very unrefined outside its one niche. Its deflection practices are not very strong, it tends to put the user out in the open, its moves are focused on single fighters at a time, and against a grounded enemy it presents countless vulnerabilities. Count Dooku looked upon it with abject disdain, and Obi-Wan’s recognition of its shortcomings against both Maul and Dooku are what led him to adopt Soresu as a favored form.Form V - Djem-So/ShienThe Way of the Krayt Dragon; the Perseverance FormForm V was developed based off Form III, Soresu, by Jedi who felt it might be a little too passive for most to be able to master. It took emphasis off the “turtling” strategy and instead shifted it heavily towards counterattacks. To that end there are two variations. Shien emphasized deflection techniques, moving away from merely guarding against blasters to purposely re-directing them back at the person firing with the intent to wound or kill. The Djem-So variation was more focused on close combat and emphasized parrying, then following up with counterattacks of disproportionately higher force with the intent of beating an opponent’s defenses open. Force-enhanced physical strength was a prerequisite for optimal application of Djem-So, and would make it potent enough to break all but the most resilient Jedi’s defenses. Even a skilled Makashi duelist could fall to a Jedi expert in this form.Depending on which variant a Jedi duelist leaned towards there were a number of weaknesses this form could present. It was naturally physically demanding, and it was an aggressive form, which Jedi were always wary of in that it could bait the user into over-extending themselves. Shien was unsuitable for dueling single opponents, oriented as it was firmly towards blasters; meanwhile if Djem-So lacked one thing it was mobility, demanding that the wielder plant their feet and perform heavy-handed overhead swings with all their weight. In either case it proved a difficult form for any Jedi who lacked the physicality to use it.Form VI - NimanThe Way of the Rancor; the Moderation Form; the Diplomat’s FormIf there’s a form we don’t see a lot of in the movies it’s Niman. This form was developed as a compilation of techniques and ideas from all forms preceding it with an emphasis on moderating out each of their more extreme qualities. The intent wasn’t to make a perfect fighting style, but rather to make one that didn’t require exhaustive investment to learn so that Jedi diplomats and scholars could focus their thoughts and training elsewhere, but still covered all possible bases for self-defense purposes, with few discernible weaknesses no matter what the opposition.The consequence, of course, is that it also had few notable strengths, at least as far as swordsmanship was concerned. The strength of Niman instead leaned on creativity on the part of the Jedi using it, shifting their Force abilities about in order to adapt to situations on the fly without compromising their basics. Telekinetic techniques were often employed in conjunction with its basic swordsmanship, and there were also allowances for fighting styles that employed multiple blades. These affordances served to make a mindful Niman practitioner a potentially formidable and unconventional opponent — but only assuming they were equipped with that sense of resourcefulness.Form VII - Juyo/VaapaadThe Way of the Vornskyr; the Ferocity FormThe final lightsaber combat form was originally referred to as Juyo. The Jedi hesitated to teach, learn, or employ this form openly, and it was said by Master Yoda to be the deadliest of all.Juyo is representative of the user accessing their core fight-or-flight emotions and permitting them to drive their attacks. For Juyo to work best the user must possess strong emotions, and then must fight to keep them focused through the blade. The result was a form of chaotic, disjointed, unpredictable, and often barbaric strikes without any logical connection from one to the next; pure offense driven by nothing but instinct.The obvious weakness of Juyo, of course, was the Dark Side of the Force. For the Jedi the best, first line of defense against the Dark Side was to compartmentalize off their emotions and remain firmly detached and clear-headed during battle. Juyo is almost totally antithetical to that concept, challenging Jedi to not only bring their emotions into battle with them, but to use them as the fuel source of a controlled emotional kerosine fire. Many Jedi who do employ Juyo thus express some worry or dismay, wondering how easily they might find themselves tempted to one day give in to the Dark Side completely, throwing an entire gas station on the fire in their heart in a bloodthirsty revelry. For this reason it was a form readily embraced, of course, among the Sith.Beyond that, though, Juyo was an overly offensive form that was easy to lose control over, leaving many potential openings that could be exploited by more tempered lightsaber combatants.Mace Windu developed a variant of this form known as Vaapaad, which he described as a “state of mind” more so than a combat style. The ideal behind Vaapaad was to channel not the user’s darkness, but that of their opponent, using a supernatural conduit to feed their aggression and fear back at them. At full-tilt, Vaapaad could appear to an opponent as though the wielder were striking with many lightsabers at once, attacking from all angles simultaneously. From the user’s perspective, it was as though they were simply letting the blade autonomously seek out their opponent’s points of greatest vulnerability, until eventually the building pressure simply caused them to give out. In any case there was a simple principle behind it: the greater the opponent’s reliance on the Dark Side, the more swift and deadly the wielder’s Vaapaad trance would become. Such was the Way of the Vornskyr.Conversely, though, the less one’s opponent depends on the Dark Side, the less effective this technique would be. While the fundamentals of Juyo maintain it as a ferocious and unpredictable style of combat, those weaknesses all still stand in that instance.Well, there you have it, an overview and the strengths and weaknesses of each of the 7 lightsaber combat forms.Something to keep in mind is that the psychology and physicality of the wielder could dictate a lot about how they apply their form of choice, and that not everyone was evenly matched up to using all of the different forms. Yoda, for instance, would make a radically terrible Djem-So user, but he was uniquely suited to Ataru thanks to his small size and light weight. Anakin, meanwhile, was miserable at Ataru because of his brashness and impatience, but Djem-So gave him a channel to focus that trait into raw perserverence, and it complimented his height and broad shoulders well.Additionally, these forms aren’t necessarily hard and fast boxes that all Jedi fit themselves into. Count Dooku mainly practiced Makashi as a point of pride, but surely practiced other forms as well, and could switch stances as needed if he had to deflect incoming blaster bolts. The point being, though, that over time Jedi synthesize a personalized combat style from the variety of techniques that they learn. Strengths and weaknesses are thus best measured on an individual basis — but these forms give us a baseline, at least, to understand lightsaber-wielders.

I want to begin this response with a disclaimer.The “best” habits, routines, and strategies are the ones that work for you.Period.Just because a particular habit worked for Guru X or Expert Z doesn’t mean that it will work for you.Sure, there are a few general principles that are grounded in science and immutable.However, your personal application of those principles is exactly that, personal.So don’t treat anything that I’m about to share with you as absolute truth. Test it out for yourself and see what sort of results you can generate.That being said…After more than 400 interviews with wildly successful and prolific individuals I’ve discovered that there are a handful of habits that consistently correlate with high levels of productivity and achievement.Here are just a few of them.1. Prime Your Physical State First Thing in the MorningAlthough the specific morning routines of successful people vary, one thing doesn’t.They all start their day with physical exercise.Whether it’s Tony Robbins morning Priming routine or Dwayne Johnson’s 4 a.m. lifting session, all wildly successful people exercise…Typically first thing in the morning.Studies have shown that regular exercise leads to:Decreased depressionElevated mood, reduced stress, and less anxietyImproved blood flow to the brainThe production of new brain cellsImproves memoryImproved discipline, impulse control, and decision makingI don’t know about you, but all of those things sound like fantastic productivity boosters to me.How you exercise is entirely up to you.Some of the most popular methods of morning priming that I’ve come across in my interviews are:The 7 Minute WorkoutA simple bodyweight circuit (like this one)A morning weight lifting routine like Jocko Willink’sA morning run (5k or longer)A morning power walk (paying careful attention to breathing deeply as you walk)Morning yogaIf you have another routine that gets you into peak physical state and helps shake of the stagnant energy that built up overnight then go for it!The important thing is that you do some form of movement early in the day.2. Write a To-Do List Every NightWriting lists before bed not only helps you shut your mind off and fall asleep faster, but it’s also been shown to have a number of psychological benefits linked with increased productivity.Knowing exactly what you need to do when you wake up gives you a powerful edge each day.However, simply writing down a long list of things that need to get done is not an effective productivity tactic.The Ivy Lee method is.What is the Ivy Lee Method, you ask?Let me show you.Way back in the early 1900’s, Charles Schwab was the richest man in the world and the President of The Bethlehem Steel Corporation.Schwab was always looking for a competitive edge and so, he brought on a renowned productivity expert named Ivy Lee to consult him on “How to get more done”.Mr. Lee asked for 15 minutes with each of his executives and, when asked how much his services would cost, he responded by saying “Nothing. Until three months have passed. Then you can send me a check for whatever it was worth to you.”The tactic he shared with these executives was actually quite simpleAt the end of each day, write down the six (and only 6) most important things you need to accomplish tomorrow.Rank each of those 6 items on a separate sheet of paper in descending list of true importance (use the Eisenhower box to help with this)When you begin work, focus the first portion of your day exclusively on the first item that you wrote down until it is accomplished.Once the first task is complete, move down the list in the same fashion until the end of the workday. Whichever items were incomplete (if any) will be moved to your list for the following dayRinse and repeatThis method was so effective for Schwab and his executives that three months later they sent Lee a check for $25,000.In today’s economy, that $25,000 check would have been the equivalent of nearly $400,000!If one of the world’s richest men was willing to pay almost half a million dollars for this single tactic, I would venture as far to say that it’s worth testing in your own life.3. Meditate DailyAlthough the scientific community needs to further evaluated the direct link between meditation and productivity, several studies like this one, conducted at a Fortune 100 company, show a very clear link between a regular meditation practice and increased productivity at work.The reason for this is simple.Meditation is proven to help: (source)Lower blood pressureAlleviate symptoms of insomniaReduce depression and anxietyReduce painReduce symptoms of IBSAid in smoking cessationOh, did I mention that it has also been shown to rebuild grey matter?As I’ve already discussed, happiness and productivity are inextricably linked and it should be pretty clear that any practice which decreases depression, anxiety, and sleeplessness will, by default, improve your productive output.I challenge you to take up a meditation practice for the next 30 days and record how you feel.4. Take Frequent Breaks Using the Pomodoro MethodOne of the most surprising ways to increase your energy and boost productivity is actually to work less and take breaks more frequently.Study after study has shown that the human brain cannot focus (effectively) for more than 90 minutes.Eventually, your brain needs a break from any given task to consolidate and process information, renew our focus, and ensure that our tasks are ultimately congruent with our goals.To get the most “Juice” out of your days, I recommend that you use the Pomodoro Method.All you have to do is set a timer for 30–90 minutes.Work with a single minded focus while the timer is one.Then, when the timer goes off, take a 10–30 minute break. (Based on the length of your work session)During these breaks, I recommend that you:Practice meditationWalk outsideEat a light snackDo some calisthenicsReadTalk with friendsTest out different methods of recharging yourself and renewing your focus throughout the day and it will pay dividends in the long run.5. Reduce The Amount of Time You Spend on Email DRASTICALLYAlthough this isn’t a routine per-se, I’m about to share something with you that will forever change the way you view productivity and your inbox.Go ahead and brace yourself because this isn’t a pretty picture (sensitive viewers may wish to avert their eyes).In the United States alone, the average employee spends more than 28% of their time or 13 hours a week responding to emails.That’s more than 650 hours a year wasted on largely unproductive, reactive, and unnecessary correspondence!Over the average employee’s lifespan (45 working years) that equates to more than 29250 hours wasted on email.For those of you who are quick with a calculator, this means that the average employee will spend 3 years of their life responding to and clearing out emails!That’s a jaw-dropping amount of time to spend on such an insignNow and largely unimportant task as email.So what in the hell are we going to do about it?Although entire books have been written on the topic of reducing email overload and reclaiming your inbox (and your life) I will keep things simple.I recommend that you:Check email only twice a day (I do it at 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.)“Touch it once”. Either respond to, archive or delete an email. Never leave it in your inboxStop using email folders and simply search for emails when you need themKeep your emails to 5 sentences or less and inform people of this policy in your signature (shoutout to Chris Bailey for this one)Go on an email vacation and let co-workers know you won’t be responding to email until you are done with your biggest project (they will survive I promise)If you do nothing other than implementing these five tips your productivity will skyrocket.Imagine if you could reduce the amount of time you spend on email to only one hour a week.How much more could you accomplish with 12 extra hours in your work week?How much income could you create? How many promotions could you secure?The more you think about it, the more you will realize that email is the scourge of productivity and, although it is a necessary evil, it is an evil nonetheless.ConclusionThere are dozens of ways that you can increase your productivity.However, by starting with the best ways that have been proven by thousands of highly successful people over the years, you can increase your productivity (almost) overnight.If you enjoyed this response and would like to dive deeper into the topic, I’ve put together a 5,000 word (research based) mega guide where I teach you how to increase your productivity by 200% or more in only 30 days.Good luck!

Teachers play a very important role in student’s life. A teachers is a role model person in student’s life who bring out the best in them and encourage them to strive for greatness. Teachers know that students are the future of the country, So they share the knowledge and helps them to become a better person.I think we need teachers on every step of life. They are not only important for students but also for society. Presence of teachers in any meeting and social activities boost the moral and make the time more valuable. Here are a few thing every teacher needs to do for students:A teacher should be impartial, he/she must treat all the students equally.A teacher or a tutor need to understand their students from different angles, like how much skilled a student is , how much time he take to processes information, how good his memory is or why he does not understand something.He/She has to think of solutions to help the students to overcome their problems.There are different kind of students, some are slow in learning, some are fast learners and some are average students. Generally teachers, do not like to explain a concept again and again to a student. So a they must be patient enough to deal with such students.Every teacher need to have these essentials qualities. They need to be calm, enjoy their job and realise its importance.

Teachers are more important in our life just like our parents. They teach us the wisdom in everything. They give moral support and encourages us to live equally in this society and treat everyone equally. They teach us the importance of life and puts in the right track to ensure that we are capable enough to survive in this society. They make a beautiful statue from an unshaped stone. They make us more knowledgeable and enable a proper flow of knowledge from one generation to another. Without teachers, all would be barbarians. Respect them.

The importance of sociology of education to student teacher cannot be overemphasized. It exposes teachers to the fact that the school is a microcosm of the larger society.Furthermore， it teaches that all activities of the school are dictated by the societal needs at a point a time. The course also makes it known to teachers that the learning process does not end within the four walls of the school but extends to the child`s home and his or her interaction with the larger society.The importance of the course is endless and the knowledge of it is what a teacher needs to properly manage the interactive effects of the society on a child`s education.