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NPS Form 10-900 (Oc1.1990) OMB No. 100244018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form II. Name of Property historic nanie other nameslsite number 1 Plaza Square Apartments Historic District NIA 1 12. Location street & number B o u n d e d by Fifteenth, Olive, Seventeenth and Chestnut streets [ nla ] not for publication city or town -St. Louis [nla] vicinity state Missouri code MO co~rnty St. Louis (Independent City) c o d e m zip code 63 103 13. StatelFederal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this [ x ] nomination [ ] request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property [ x ] meets [ ] does not meet the National Register criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant [ ] nationally [ ] statewide [ x ] locally. ( See continuation sheet for additional comments [ I.) Date Missouri Department of Natural Resources State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property [ ] meets [ ] does not meet the National Register aiteria. (See continuation sheet for additional comments [ I.) Signature of certifying official/Title State or Federal agency and bureau (4. National Park Service Certification Signature of the Keeper I hereby certify that the property is: [ ] entered in the National Register See cor~tinuationsheet [ 1. [ ] determined eligible for the National Register See continuation sheet [ 1. [ ] determined not eligible for the National Register. [ ] removed from the National Register [ ] other, explain see continuation sheet [ 1. Date of Action USDllNPS NRHP Registration Form Plaza Square Apartments St. Louis (Independent City), MO (5,~lassification Ownership of Property Category of Property Number of Resources within Property contributing [x] private [ ] public-local ( 1 public-state [ ] public-Federal [ ] building+) [x] district [ I site [ ] structure [ I object noncontributing 8 0 building sites structures objects 8 Name of related multiple property listing. N/A 0 Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register. 1 16. Function or Use Current Functions Historic Function DOMESTIC/multiple dwelling DOMESTIC/multiple dwelling RELIGION/religious facility RELIGIO&T!religious facility Architectural Classification MODERN MOVEMENT LATE VICTORIAN/Gothic Revival LATE VICTORIANRomanesque Revival Materials foundation walls roof other Concrete Limestone Brick Metal Limestone Concrete Asphalt see continuationsheet [ see continuation sheet ', 1. NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION See continuation sheet [xl total 1. USDllNPS NRHP Registration Form Plaza Square Apartments St. Louis (Independent City), MO 1 [8.~taternentof Significance Applicable National Register Criteria Areas of Significance [ X 1 A Property is assoc~atedwith events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history DEVELOPMENT 1 IB ARCHITECTURE Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. [ X ]C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artist~cvalues, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose coniponenls lack individual distinct~on COMMUNITY PLANNING AND Periods of Significance 1956-1961 [ ]D Property has yelded, or is likely to yield, information important in prehistory or hlstory. Significant Dates Criteria Considerations Nl A Property is: [IA owned by a religious institution or used for religious purposes. [I B removed from its original location [IC a birthplace or grave. Significant Person(s) NIA [I D a cemetery. (1E a reconstructed building, object, or structure. Cultural Affiliation [ ] F a commemorative property. [X ] G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past 50 years. z ,-. NIA ArchitectlBuilder HeIImuth. Obata & Kassabaum, arch. Armstrong, Harris, arch. Walsh, Patrick. arch. Dixon, Thomas, arch. Murphy & Mackev, arch. Narrative Statement of Significance (Explain h e signifince of Ule property on one or more continuationsheets.) 1 19. Major Bibliographic References Bibliography - . (Cite the books, articles and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) Previous documentation on file (NPS): Primary location of additional data: [ 1 preliminary determinalion of individual l i n g (36 CFR 67) has been requested [XIState Historic PreservationOlfice I ( j Other State Agency ] previously listed in the National Register [ ] previously determined eligible by the National Register [ ]designated a National Historic Landmark [ J rewrded by Historic American Buildings Survey I 1 F~~ Agency [ ]Lod Govemmenl I I'Jniuersitv [xI ] recorded by Historic American Enginewing Recard Namedrepository: Landmarks Assoc. of St. Louis USDllNPS NRHP Registration Form Plaza Square Apartments St. Louis (Independent City), MO J [ 1 0 . ~ e o ~ r a ~ h iData cal Acreage of Property 4 acres UTM References A. Zone 15 Easting 743 360 Northing 4279 520 B. Zone 15 Easting 743 580 Northing 4279 480 C. Zone I5 Easting 743 560 D. Zone 15 Easting 7-17 340 North~ng3279 380 Northing 4279 320 [ ] See contrnuat~onsheet Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) [I 1. Form Prepared By 1 Carolyn Toft/Executive Director and Michael AllentResearch Associate nameltitle organization Landmarks Association of St. Louis date January 26, 2007 street & number 917 Locust city or town Street, 7th floor St. Louis 3 14-42 1-6474 telephone state MO zip code 6 3 10 1 Additional Documentation Skibnit the following items with the completed form: Continuation Sheets Maps A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series)indicating the propews bcation. A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources Photographs Representativeblack and white photographs of the property. Additional Items (Check with the SHPOor FPO for any additional items) Property Owner (Complete this item at the request of SHPO or FPO.) name Multiple (see continuation sheet1 street & number Telephone city or town state zip code NPS Form 10-900-a OMB NO.1024-0018 (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section 7Page 1 Plaza Square Apartments St. Louis [Independent City], Missouri Summary 'The I'laza Square Apartments Historic District consists of six thirteen-story Modern Movement buildings and two historic churches (one with a later adjacent rectory) located on four city blocks in the west end of downtown St. Louis bounded by Fifteenth Street on the east, Chestnut Street on the south, Seventeenth Street on the west and Olive Street on the north. Constructed between 1959 and 1961 from plans by Hellmuth Obata & Kassabaum with Harris Armstrong, the apartment buildings are flat-roofed with concrete structural frameworks and walls clad in brick, white Missouri limestone and enameled sheet metal panels. With long north-south dimensions and narrow east-west dimensions and a lack of traditional base-shaft-crown division, the buildings possess a strong emphasis on mass mitigated by the generous fenestration and variations in projecting balconies. The three buildings on the southern blocks (numbered 10,20 and 30) have a wider lateral dimensior than the buildings on the northern blocks (numbered 40,50 and 60). Built as part of an urban renewal plan, the buildings are situated in a garden-like setting with lawns, plazas and underground parking that is part of the original architectural plan (see figure #I). Except for uniformly brown-painted panels on five of the apartment buildings today instead of the original varied brightly-colored panels, the apartment buildings as a group closely match their original appearance. Centenary Methodist Church (NR 111611997), completed in 1870 and designed by Thomas Dixon is a two-story limestone church in the Gothic Revival style adjoined to a three-story office wing and other smaller additions built in 1924. The red brick St. John the Apostle & Evangelist Catholic Church was completed in 1860 and designed by Patrick Walsh in the Romanesque Revival style. It was remodeled and expanded in 1956-9 according to plans by Murphy & Mackey in conjunction with the construction of Plaza Square Apartments. All buildings retain historic integrity and convey the appearance of the district during its period of significance. Setting The Plaza Square Apartments site occupies four city blocks (see photograph # 1). Pine Street runs east-west through the site, and Sixteenth Street running north-south was vacated as part of the project. When the Plaza Square Apartments were under construction, the western end of downtown around the site was dense with multi-story wholesale warehouses, office buildings, hotels and storefront buildings. To the south of NPS Form 10-900-a OMB NO 1024-0018 (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section 7 Page Plaza Square Apartments St. Louis [Independent City], Missouri 2 the site lies the ribbon of parks including Memorial Plaza (later known as the Gateway Mall), part of the urban renewal plan for downtown that included projects like the Plaza Square Apartments. Since their completion, the character of this area has changed very little. Many of the surrounding buildings maintain their long-time uses, and many more have been renovated for new uses, including residential space. The area retains the density and vitality of an urban central business district. Figure # I : The current site plan. (Source: Cohen-Hilberry Architects.) - STREET PINE ---- 1 I- sr i o i u ' 1 CllJRC!( -C H E S T N U T ... .- -. / ?-