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Ex-Tunc Agreement

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EX-TUNC AGREEMENT

This Ex-Tunc Agreement (the "Agreement") is made as of Day: Month: Year: by and between Party A Name: whose principal place of business or residence is at , represented by , Title: ; and Party B Name: whose principal place of business or residence is at , represented by , Title: .

RECITALS

WHEREAS, Party A and Party B have engaged in certain transactions, communications, or other actions described in Schedule A below and seek a mutual determination that such Covered Acts are to be recognized retroactively;

WHEREAS, the Parties desire to confirm, ratify and declare that the Covered Acts shall be deemed effective as of the Ex-Tunc Date specified below and to allocate rights, obligations and remedies arising therefrom;

WHEREAS, the Parties represent that they have authority to enter into this Agreement and that such retroactive recognition is necessary to resolve uncertainties and to reflect the Parties' intentions.

NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements set forth herein and other good and valuable consideration, receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows:

1. DEFINITIONS

1.1 "Ex-Tunc Date" means the date to which the Parties intend retroactive effect to apply: Day: Month: Year: .

1.2 "Covered Acts" means the transactions, agreements, communications and other acts described in Schedule A and any acts expressly identified in writing by the Parties as being subject to this Agreement.

2. RETROACTIVE EFFECT

2.1 Subject to the terms of this Agreement, the Parties agree that the Covered Acts shall be and hereby are declared effective ex tunc as of the Ex-Tunc Date. For all purposes of legal rights, obligations, titles, charges, records and liabilities, the Covered Acts shall be deemed to have occurred on and from the Ex-Tunc Date, and the Parties shall treat all such acts as if they had been validly undertaken on that date.

2.2 Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to create obligations or liabilities beyond those that reasonably flow from recognizing the Covered Acts as effective as of the Ex-Tunc Date, except as expressly provided herein.

3. RATIFICATION; EFFECT ON RECORDS

3.1 Each Party hereby ratifies, confirms and adopts all acts taken by such Party that constitute Covered Acts and agrees to take all further actions reasonably necessary to give full force and effect to the retroactive recognition set forth in this Agreement.

3.2 The Parties shall cooperate in executing any instruments, filings, amendments to records, or other documents required to reflect the Ex-Tunc effect in official records, registers or ledgers. Each Party shall bear its own costs in effecting such record corrections unless otherwise agreed in writing.

4. CONSIDERATION

4.1 The Parties acknowledge that the mutual promises and covenants contained in this Agreement constitute adequate consideration. If monetary consideration is provided, describe below.

5. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

5.1 Each Party represents and warrants to the other that: (a) it has full power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder; (b) the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership or individual action; and (c) when executed and delivered, this Agreement will constitute a valid and binding obligation enforceable against such Party in accordance with its terms.

5.2 Each Party further represents that to the best of its knowledge no consent, approval or authorization of, or filing with, any governmental authority or third party is required to give effect to the retroactive recognition of the Covered Acts other than those already obtained or specifically identified in writing.

6. RELEASE AND INDEMNITY

6.1 To the fullest extent permitted by law, each Party releases and discharges the other Party from any and all claims, liabilities or causes of action that arise solely from a dispute over the legal effect of the Covered Acts prior to the Ex-Tunc Date, provided that this release does not apply to claims arising from willful misconduct or fraud.

6.2 Each Party shall indemnify, defend and hold the other harmless from and against any losses, damages, costs or expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees) arising out of any third-party challenge to the Ex-Tunc recognition to the extent caused by the indemnifying Party's breach of a representation or warranty in this Agreement.

7. THIRD PARTIES; ASSIGNMENT

7.1 This Agreement is binding upon and inures to the benefit of the Parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns. Neither Party shall assign its rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the other Party.

7.2 Except as expressly provided herein, nothing in this Agreement is intended to confer any third-party beneficiary rights upon any person or entity not a Party hereto.

8. NOTICES

All notices, demands or other communications required or permitted under this Agreement shall be in writing and delivered to the Parties at the addresses set forth below (or at such other address as a Party may designate by written notice). Notices shall be deemed given upon delivery if delivered by hand or by a nationally recognized overnight courier, or three days after deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid, certified or registered.

9. AMENDMENTS; WAIVER

9.1 No amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement shall be effective unless set forth in a writing signed by both Parties. No waiver of any breach shall be deemed a waiver of any subsequent breach.

10. GOVERNING LAW

This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of without regard to its conflicts of law principles.

11. ENTIRE AGREEMENT

This Agreement, together with Schedule A and any documents expressly incorporated herein, constitutes the entire agreement between the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous agreements, understandings and negotiations, whether oral or written, relating thereto.

12. SEVERABILITY

If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect by a court of competent jurisdiction, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

13. COUNTERPARTS; EXECUTION

This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Facsimile, electronic or scanned signatures shall be treated as original signatures for all purposes.

SCHEDULE A — COVERED ACTS

Party A (Printed Name):

By:

Date:

Party B (Printed Name):

By:

Date:

Enter text✕

What an Ex-Tunc Agreement Is and When It Applies

An Ex-Tunc Agreement is a legal instrument that confirms, validates, or corrects past acts or transactions by treating them as effective from an earlier date. Commonly used to retroactively cure procedural defects, ratify board actions, or confirm title issues, an Ex-Tunc Agreement sets the record to reflect that certain rights, obligations, or transfers existed at a prior point in time. Because it alters legal relations with retrospective effect, drafters must be explicit about the retroactive date, the scope of retroactivity, and any third-party notices required to preserve enforceability.

Why Use an Ex-Tunc Agreement

An Ex-Tunc Agreement restores legal certainty for past transactions, prevents disputes, and can avoid costly litigation by clarifying retrospective intent and correcting procedural defects without redoing the original transaction.

Why Use an Ex-Tunc Agreement

Who Typically Prepares and Signs an Ex-Tunc Agreement

Tailor signatory lists and authority checks to the transaction type and any statutory formalities to avoid later challenges.

  • Corporate boards, executives, and company officers who need to ratify prior corporate actions or approvals.
  • Real estate owners and title companies correcting prior conveyance or recording defects.
  • Lenders and borrowers confirming retroactive loan terms, priority, or security interests.

Key Signatories and Their Roles

In-House Counsel

Legal teams typically draft the Ex-Tunc Agreement, confirm corporate authority, and advise on third-party notice or filing obligations, ensuring language clearly sets the retroactive effective date and limits scope to avoid unintended consequences.

Third-Party Signer

Counterparties, title companies, or trustees who are asked to accept retroactive changes must confirm their consent in writing and verify identity and authority before executing an Ex-Tunc Agreement to avoid later challenges.

Essential Components of a Professional Ex-Tunc Agreement

A well-drafted Ex-Tunc Agreement includes a clear retroactive effective date, precise scope, authority recitals, representations, limitations on liability, and execution formalities to ensure enforceability.

Retroactive Date

State the exact date the agreement operates from and specify whether all rights and obligations are restored or only certain provisions are validated.

Scope of Effect

Describe which actions, transfers, or approvals are being validated and explicitly exclude unrelated matters to limit unintended retroactivity.

Authority Recitals

Include statements confirming that signatories had or now have the requisite authority, citing board resolutions or authorizing documents where applicable.

Representations

Have each party represent facts material to the retroactive validation, such as ownership, absence of prior notice, or lack of conflicting claims.

Limitation Clauses

Add disclaimers or caps on liability and carve-outs for third-party rights, taxes, or regulatory constraints to manage downstream exposure.

Execution Formalities

Specify signature blocks, notarization or witness requirements, and whether remote online notarization or eSigning is permitted for completion.

Required Information Elements

Effective Date: MM/DD/YYYY
Party Names: Legal entity names
Authority Source: Resolution or power
Scope Statement: Actions validated
Signature Block: Signer name and title
Notarization: Notary details

Risks and Legal Consequences to Watch For

Invalidation Risk: Retroactivity may be void if statute or public policy prohibits retroactive relief
Third-Party Claims: Unnoticed parties may assert conflicting rights or demand compensation
Tax Consequences: Retrospective changes can trigger tax reporting or penalty exposure
Statute Limitations: Statutes of limitations or creditor protections may limit retroactive effect
Notarization Defects: Incorrect notarization can undermine enforceability
Fraud Allegations: Retroactive changes invite scrutiny if facts are contested

Step-by-Step: Preparing and Executing an Ex-Tunc Agreement

Follow a deliberate sequence: confirm authority, define the retroactive scope, obtain consents, finalize execution language, and complete authentication to ensure enforceability.

  • 01
    Confirm Authority: Review bylaws and resolutions authorizing retroactive action
  • 02
    Define Scope: Specify exactly which acts or dates are validated
  • 03
    Obtain Consents: Collect written consent from affected third parties
  • 04
    Authenticate: Sign, notarize, or eSign per applicable law

Configure an Online Workflow for the Ex-Tunc Agreement

Set up a controlled e-sign workflow that enforces signer order, authentication, and record retention for auditability and compliance.

Field Configuration
Signature Order Sequential signing enforced
Authentication Method Email + SMS code or KBA
Notary / Witness Enable RON or require in-person notarization
Retention Settings Enable PDF with audit trail

Where to Send, File, and Store Executed Agreements

Routing depends on the agreement type: corporate files, title records, lender files, or regulatory filings may all require different destinations and retention steps.

  • Corporate Records: Deliver fully executed copy to corporate secretary
  • Title Company: File with title insurer if antecedent conveyance affected
  • Lender / Agent: Provide executed originals to loan servicer or trustee
  • Regulatory Filings: Submit required notices or exhibits to regulators as specified

Digital Signing and Authentication Options

Ensure the chosen method satisfies ESIGN and applicable state law, and preserve an immutable audit trail and retention for evidentiary purposes.

  • Basic eSign: Email link and audit trail
  • Enhanced Authentication: SMS code or knowledge-based verification
  • Remote Notarization: RON with audio-video record

How Ex-Tunc Agreements Differ from Other Remedies

Compare Ex-Tunc Agreements with standard amendments and ratification to choose the right legal tool for retroactive or prospective changes.

Criteria Ex-Tunc Agreement Standard Amendment
Effect Type retroactive prospective
Consent Needed usually yes usually yes
Typical Use cure defects modify ongoing terms
Recording Impact may require recording usually no recording

eSignature Vendor Comparison for Executing Ex-Tunc Agreements

Choose an eSignature vendor that supports required authentication, notarization, and retention. The table below compares starting price and key capabilities across vendors.

signNow DocuSign Adobe Sign PandaDoc HelloSign
Starting Price $8/user/mo $15/user/mo $14/user/mo $19/user/mo $15/user/mo
Free Trial 7-day free trial Varies by vendor Varies by vendor Varies by vendor Varies by vendor
Bulk Send Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Audit Trail Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
HIPAA Compliant Yes Yes Yes No No

Common Preparation Errors to Avoid

  • Ambiguous retroactivity language that leaves open whether obligations or liabilities also revert
  • Failing to secure required third-party consents or lender approvals before execution
  • Using inconsistent names or dates that create title or contract disputes later
  • Neglecting notarization or witness formalities required by the relevant state

Practical Examples of Ex-Tunc Agreement Use

Two scenarios illustrate typical uses: correcting a recorded conveyance and ratifying a corporate action that lacked formal board approval.

Real Estate Conveyance

A deed contained a scrivener's error that clouded title

  • The parties executed an Ex-Tunc Agreement validating the original transfer date
  • The agreement corrected the record, enabled title insurance issuance, and avoided re-conveyance litigation.

Corporate Ratification

A board action was taken without formal approval in the minutes

  • Directors later adopted an Ex-Tunc Agreement ratifying the prior decision
  • The ratification confirmed officer authority, preserved contractual enforceability, and resolved counterparty concerns.

Best Practices for Drafting and Executing an Ex-Tunc Agreement

Adopt clear drafting and execution habits to reduce challenges and ensure the retroactive effect is enforceable and limited to intended matters.

Use Precise Dates and Scope
Specify the exact retroactive effective date and enumerate the acts or agreements being validated to avoid overbroad retroactivity and unintended obligations.
Obtain Written Consents
Seek documented consent from affected third parties, lenders, or title insurers when their rights or priorities could be altered by retrospective validation.
Confirm Authority and Attach Evidence
Reference board resolutions, powers of attorney, or trustee appointments within the agreement and attach copies when practical to show proper authorization.
Preserve Audit Trails
When using eSignatures, retain the platform audit trail, signed PDFs, and notarization recordings (if RON used) to support future evidentiary needs.

Key Milestones from Draft to Recordation

Track milestones to ensure retroactive effect is documented, consented, and recorded where necessary; failures at any stage can limit enforceability.

01

Draft Final Agreement

Prepare precise retroactive language and exhibit supporting documents

02

Obtain Authorizations

Secure board resolutions, trustee approvals, or lender consents

03

Execute and Authenticate

Sign, notarize or use RON, and collect witness signatures as required

04

Record / Distribute

File recording instruments and distribute executed copies to stakeholders

Frequently Asked Questions About Ex-Tunc Agreements

Answers to common questions cover enforceability, eSigning, notarization, and steps to correct common drafting or execution errors.


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