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Legal Confidential Information Agreement

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LEGAL CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION AGREEMENT

This Confidential Information Agreement ("Agreement") is made and entered into as of by and between Discloser Name: , with a principal address at , and Recipient Name: , with a principal address at .

RECITALS

WHEREAS, Discloser possesses certain confidential, proprietary and trade secret information relating to its business operations, technology, products, services and customers, the unauthorized disclosure of which would cause substantial harm to Discloser; and

WHEREAS, Recipient desires to receive such information for the limited purpose of evaluating or engaging in discussions concerning a potential business relationship between the parties (the "Purpose"), and Discloser is willing to disclose such information to Recipient on the terms set forth in this Agreement;

WHEREAS, the parties intend by this Agreement to protect the confidentiality of certain information that may be disclosed between them.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and promises contained herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows:

1. DEFINITIONS

1.1 "Confidential Information" means any non-public information, whether written, oral, electronic or other form, that is disclosed by Discloser to Recipient and that is designated as confidential or that, given the nature of the information or the circumstances surrounding disclosure, reasonably should be understood to be confidential. Confidential Information includes, without limitation, technical data, trade secrets, inventions, know-how, formulas, software (including source code and object code), product roadmaps, designs, business plans, forecasts, customer lists, pricing, marketing plans, financial information, and other proprietary information.

1.2 Confidential Information also includes analysis, compilations, studies, or other documents prepared by Recipient which contain or reflect such information.

2. EXCLUSIONS FROM CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

2.1 Confidential Information does not include information that Recipient can demonstrate: (a) was in Recipient's lawful possession prior to receipt from Discloser without restriction on disclosure; (b) is or becomes generally available to the public through no breach of this Agreement by Recipient; (c) is received from a third party without breach of any obligation of confidentiality; or (d) is independently developed by Recipient without use of or reference to Discloser's Confidential Information.

3. CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS

3.1 Recipient shall: (a) hold and maintain the Confidential Information in strict confidence; (b) not disclose Confidential Information to any third party except as expressly permitted by this Agreement; and (c) take all reasonable measures to protect the secrecy of and avoid disclosure and unauthorized use of the Confidential Information. Such measures shall be no less protective than those Recipient uses to protect its own confidential information of a similar nature, and in no event less than reasonable care.

3.2 Recipient may disclose Confidential Information only to its employees, agents, contractors, legal counsel and financial advisors (collectively, "Representatives") who have a need to know for the Purpose and who are informed of and bound by confidentiality obligations at least as protective as those contained in this Agreement. Recipient shall be responsible for any breach of this Agreement by its Representatives.

4. PERMITTED DISCLOSURES

4.1 Notwithstanding the foregoing, Recipient may disclose Confidential Information to the extent required by applicable law, regulation, or valid court order, provided that Recipient gives Discloser prompt written notice of such requirement (to the extent legally permitted) so that Discloser may seek protective relief or other appropriate remedy. If such protective relief is not obtained, Recipient shall furnish only that portion of the Confidential Information that is legally required and will use reasonable efforts to obtain confidential treatment for such disclosure.

5. TERM AND RETURN OF MATERIALS

5.1 The obligations of confidentiality with respect to each item of Confidential Information commence on the date of disclosure and shall continue for a period of years after such disclosure, unless a longer period is required by applicable law or as otherwise agreed in writing.

5.2 Upon Discloser's written request, or upon termination of discussions between the parties, Recipient shall promptly return to Discloser or destroy, at Discloser's option, all documents and other tangible materials containing or representing Confidential Information and all copies thereof, except that Recipient may retain one archival copy solely for compliance and internal recordkeeping purposes subject to the confidentiality obligations of this Agreement.

6. REMEDIES

6.1 Recipient acknowledges that monetary damages would be insufficient to remedy a breach of this Agreement and that Discloser shall be entitled to seek injunctive relief, specific performance and any other equitable remedy in addition to any other remedies available at law or in equity. Such remedies shall be cumulative and not exclusive.

7. NO LICENSE; NO OBLIGATION

7.1 Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed as granting Recipient any license or other right under any patents, copyrights, trade secrets, trademarks or other intellectual property rights of Discloser, nor shall this Agreement obligate either party to proceed with any transaction or relationship.

8. INDEMNIFICATION

8.1 Recipient shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless Discloser from and against any and all claims, losses, liabilities, damages, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees) arising out of or resulting from Recipient's breach of this Agreement, including any unauthorized disclosure or use of Confidential Information.

9. NOTICES

9.1 All notices required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given when delivered personally, sent by certified mail (return receipt requested), nationally recognized overnight courier, or by electronic transmission with confirmation of receipt, to the addresses set forth above or such other address as a party may designate in writing.

10. AMENDMENTS AND WAIVER

10.1 Any amendment or modification to this Agreement must be in writing and signed by authorized representatives of both parties. No failure or delay by either party in exercising any right under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver of that right, and no single or partial exercise of any right shall preclude any other or further exercise of that right.

11. GOVERNING LAW; JURISDICTION

11.1 This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of , without regard to its conflicts of laws principles. The parties submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located in such state for the resolution of disputes arising out of or relating to this Agreement.

12. ENTIRE AGREEMENT; SEVERABILITY

12.1 This Agreement constitutes the entire understanding and agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous agreements, communications and understandings, whether oral or written. If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable, the remaining provisions shall remain in full force and effect and such invalid or unenforceable provision shall be replaced by a valid and enforceable provision that most closely reflects the parties' intent.

13. COUNTERPARTS

13.1 This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Signatures transmitted by electronic means (including scanned images or electronic signature systems) shall be binding and treated as original signatures.

14. PURPOSE OF DISCLOSURE

15. ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS

15.1 The parties acknowledge that the disclosure of Confidential Information under this Agreement does not obligate either party to enter into any further agreement or transaction. The rights and obligations set forth in this Agreement are in addition to, and do not limit, any other rights or remedies available at law or in equity.

Discloser:

By:

Date:

Recipient:

By:

Date:

Enter text✕

What a Legal Confidential Information Agreement Is and when it applies

A Legal Confidential Information Agreement (often called a confidentiality agreement or NDA) is a contract in which one or more parties agree to limit use, disclosure, and retention of specified confidential information. It defines the types of covered information, permitted uses, exceptions, duration, and remedies for breach. These agreements are widely used in commercial negotiations, employment relationships, M&A due diligence, and contractor engagements to protect trade secrets, proprietary data, and sensitive personal information. Properly executed, the agreement creates enforceable obligations and evidences the parties’ intent to treat specified material as confidential.

Why a clear Confidential Information Agreement matters

A concise agreement reduces ambiguity about what is protected, how it may be used, and how long confidentiality lasts. That clarity limits the risk of inadvertent disclosure and supports faster resolution if a dispute arises under trade secret law or contract claims.

Why a clear Confidential Information Agreement matters

Who typically prepares and signs these agreements

Confidential Information Agreements are used across organizations of all sizes whenever sensitive business, technical, or personal data will be shared between parties.

  • Startup founders and investors sharing diligence materials during fundraising and M&A discussions.
  • Employers and contractors protecting trade secrets, source code, and client lists.
  • Professional services firms and corporate legal teams standardizing confidentiality terms for recurring engagements.

Tailoring the agreement to the relationship — vendor, employee, contractor, or investor — improves enforceability and reduces operational friction.

Who signs and who prepares the agreement

Preparing Counsel

General counsel or outside counsel typically drafts the agreement to align confidentiality definitions with company policy, regulatory obligations, and enforcement strategy. Drafting counsel clarifies permitted disclosures, return/destruction procedures, and remedies to reduce litigation risk.

Authorized Signer

An authorized corporate officer, HR leader, or contracting manager should sign on behalf of an organization. For individuals, the person whose rights are affected must sign; mismatched signatories can create enforceability disputes.

Core clauses found in a professional confidentiality agreement

A complete agreement contains specific provisions that define scope, duration, permitted disclosures, and remedies to protect confidential information and provide operational clarity.

Definition of Confidential Information

Precisely list categories (technical data, financials, trade secrets) and carve out common exceptions such as information already public or independently developed.

Permitted Use

Limit the recipient’s use to defined purposes (e.g., due diligence, evaluation) and bar other commercial use without consent.

Duration and Survival

Set a confidentiality term (e.g., two to five years) and specify which obligations survive termination or expiration.

Return and Destruction

Require return or certified destruction of confidential materials on request, with narrow exceptions for archival retention.

Remedies and Injunctions

Include injunctive relief language and allocation of costs or liquidated damages where appropriate, consistent with state law.

Data Protection

Address encryption, access controls, and regulatory requirements (HIPAA, data breach notification) when personal data is involved.

Security and compliance points to include

Encryption: AES-256 at rest
Transport: TLS 1.2/1.3 in transit
Audit Trail: Action log and timestamps
HIPAA BAA: BAA required if PHI
Access Controls: Role-based permissions
Retention: Policy for secure deletion

Step-by-step: completing a Confidential Information Agreement

Follow these steps in sequence to prepare, sign, and store a legally robust confidentiality agreement.

  • 01
    Assemble parties: Identify discloser and recipient accurately.
  • 02
    Define scope: List confidential categories and permitted uses.
  • 03
    Select term: Choose an appropriate confidentiality duration.
  • 04
    Execute and retain: Sign, date, and store with audit trail.

Configuring the online signing workflow

Recommended settings for digital completion reduce friction and preserve legal evidence.

Field Configuration
Authentication Email link or SMS code; use stronger auth for sensitive data
Signing Order Set sequential or parallel based on negotiation needs
Required Fields Make name, date, and signature mandatory
Audit Trail Enable detailed logs and PDF certificate

Typical online delivery and execution flow

This simple sequence outlines how digital delivery preserves intent and captures evidence for e-signed confidentiality agreements.

  • Upload Document: Add the finalized agreement to the signing platform
  • Place Fields: Insert signature, name, and date fields
  • Send to Signers: Deliver by email link or secure portal
  • Capture Evidence: System records IP, timestamp, and actions

Technical considerations for eSubmission and storage

Choose a platform that supports necessary authentication, audit trails, and secure storage when e-signing a Legal Confidential Information Agreement.

  • Integrations: Salesforce, NetSuite, Microsoft 365, Google Workspace
  • File types: PDF, DOCX, HTML, Excel supported
  • Security: AES-256 at rest, TLS in transit

Key timing items to set in the agreement

Define dates and notice windows clearly to avoid ambiguity about duration, termination, and post-termination obligations.

Effective Date:

The MM/DD/YYYY date when obligations begin

Confidentiality Term:

Period (e.g., two to five years) specifying protection duration

Return Deadline:

Number of days to return or destroy materials after termination

Notice Period:

Time required to give written notice to terminate

Record Retention:

Specify archival period for legal holds

Common preparation mistakes to avoid

  • Using overly broad definitions that sweep in public or non-proprietary information, which can render provisions unenforceable.
  • Failing to limit permitted use to a defined purpose, allowing recipients to repurpose the information commercially.
  • Not specifying survival clauses and destruction obligations, leaving parties uncertain after relationship termination.
  • Relying on informal email exchanges without a signed agreement or audit trail, which weakens proof of intent.

Potential consequences of a defective or breached agreement

Contract Damages: Monetary damages
Injunctive Relief: Court-ordered stops
Attorney Fees: Litigation cost exposure
Trade Secret Claims: DTSA civil remedies
Regulatory Fines: If PHI or regulated data
Business Disruption: Loss of competitive advantage

Representative eSignature vendor comparison for confidentiality agreements

This table compares basic pricing and capabilities relevant when executing Legal Confidential Information Agreements electronically.

signNow DocuSign Adobe Sign PandaDoc HelloSign
Starting Price $8/user/mo $15/user/mo $14/user/mo $19/user/mo $15/user/mo
Free Trial 7-day free trial No No Limited Limited
Bulk Send Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Audit Trail Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Real-world examples of confidential agreements in practice

These short examples show how organizations use electronic signing and confidentiality agreements in everyday workflows.

Optica Ventures

During investor diligence, the company used an electronic confidentiality agreement to speed review and protect materials

  • Streamlined signings across remote parties
  • "The interface is simple and easy-to-use for our team; more importantly, it is just as easy for our customers." — Brian Fitzgibbons, COO, Optica Ventures LLC

Martin Properties

A real estate operator used a confidentiality agreement for buyer financial disclosures

  • Allowed remote submission of sensitive financials
  • "I can process and execute all of these documents online with 100% compliance and built-in security. Whether on mobile or working offline, I can get forms back to their necessary parties efficiently." — Tim Martin, Founder, Martin Properties

Frequently asked questions about Confidential Information Agreements and e-signing

Answers to common legal and practical questions about drafting, executing, and enforcing a Legal Confidential Information Agreement in the United States.


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