How should I cite the opinion?

Cite the caption and case number as styled by the court and include the official reporter citation or court docket reference when available; include a pinpoint citation for quoted language.

Where can I obtain a certified copy?

Order certified copies through the issuing court's clerk office or official reporter services; certified copies carry the court seal and are preferred for filings that require formal authentication.

Can I rely on an online PDF?

An official court-hosted PDF is generally acceptable if accompanied by a court-provided docket entry; when filing, follow local rules on authentication or attach a certification if required.

Is rehearing still possible?

A narrow statutory window for rehearing may apply; check the issuing court's rules immediately after publication to preserve appellate remedies.

How do I use the opinion in other states?

Out-of-state courts may treat the opinion as persuasive but not binding; evaluate doctrinal alignment and differences in state law before arguing reliance.

Who should be notified internally?

Notify lead counsel, opposing counsel where required, compliance officers, and case administrators so filings and procedures reflect the opinion's holdings.

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Opinion Case No. 23422 State of West Virginia Ex Rel. Marie M.

Opinion Case No. 23422 State of West Virginia Ex Rel. Marie M.

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Overview of Opinion Case No. 23422 State of West Virginia Ex Rel. Marie M.

Opinion Case No. 23422 State of West Virginia Ex Rel. Marie M. is a published West Virginia appellate opinion resolving legal questions presented by a relator identified as Marie M. The opinion records the procedural posture, governing statutory and constitutional issues, factual findings relied on by the court, and the final disposition. It functions as precedent within West Virginia and can inform trial strategy, appellate filings, legal research, and administrative decisions where the court addressed procedure or substantive law applicable to similar fact patterns.

Why this opinion matters to practitioners and agencies

This opinion clarifies how the court interprets the law in a specific factual context and therefore affects case strategy, briefing priorities, and compliance choices for litigants and government actors.

Who commonly consults this opinion and why

Legal and administrative professionals use the opinion to understand precedent and apply the court's reasoning to similar matters.

Appellate attorneys seeking precedent for briefs and oral argument
Trial counsel evaluating whether to seek rehearing or appeal
Government counsel and agencies assessing enforcement or policy implications

How to review and apply the opinion in a case file

Follow a structured review to extract holdings, preserved issues, and applicable standards before updating pleadings or advising clients.

01

Read the holding: Identify the court's dispositive rule and the precise legal standard it announces.
02

Analyze facts: Compare the opinion's facts to your case to judge alignment and scope of its applicability.
03

Check preservation: Determine which arguments were preserved below to assess waiver risk.
04

Update filings: Revise briefs, motions, or compliance procedures to reflect the opinion's controlling language.

Setting up a document workflow to incorporate the opinion

Configure a repeatable workflow for storing, sharing, and citing the opinion across teams and filings.

Field	Configuration
Repository Folder	Create secure folder labeled 'WV Opinions — 23422'
Access Controls	Limit editing to counsel; allow read-only access for staff
Versioning	Enable document history and store baseline PDF
Notifications	Alert relevant users when the opinion is added or amended

Typical sequence for using the opinion in a case

A standard workflow ensures consistent legal use and reduces the risk of citation errors or missed deadlines.

Locate opinion: Obtain official PDF or certified copy from the court or reporter.
Extract holdings: Highlight key rulings and standards relevant to your matter.
Annotate file: Add internal notes on applicability and defensive strategies.
Apply to pleadings: Update briefs, motions, or compliance documents accordingly.

Digital tools and platform considerations

Choose platforms that support secure document storage, audit trails, and reliable PDF attachments when working with court opinions.

File formats: PDF and native Word copies for drafting and archival use.
Integrations: Link repository to case management and calendar systems.
Authentication: Use multi-factor access for sensitive case folders.

Key timing checkpoints when the opinion issues

Track immediate and downstream timing obligations after an opinion is published to protect appellate rights and client interests.

Opinion publication:

Date opinion issued and made publicly available for citation.

Motion for rehearing:

Short statutory window to request rehearing or clarification from the issuing court.

Mandate issuance:

Court mandate may follow and govern final judgment enforcement.

Certified copies:

Time to order certified copies for record or filing with other tribunals.

Collateral filings:

Deadlines for updating dependent administrative or civil filings may follow.

Sequential milestones after an opinion is filed

A concise milestone sequence helps coordinate appellate steps and client communication efficiently.

01

Opinion Issued

Court posts opinion and notifies parties; begin internal review.

02

Rehearing Window

Party decides whether to file a timely motion for rehearing.

03

Mandate and Enforcement

Court issues mandate; parties implement or seek further relief.

04

Further Appeal

Assess availability and viability of higher-court review.

Common pitfalls when relying on a single appellate opinion

Over-broad application: treating narrow factual holdings as general rules can misstate precedent and weaken briefs.
Citation errors: incorrect page or paragraph references create credibility issues and may prompt judge correction.
Failure to preserve: relying on arguments not litigated below risks waiver under appellate preservation doctrines.
Version control: using an unofficial or non-certified copy risks relying on editorial changes or typographical edits.

What to extract from the opinion for practical use

Identify and record the opinion elements that matter most for advising clients, drafting pleadings, and updating internal guidance.

Holding

The court's dispositive rule and ruling on the central question — use exact language to avoid mischaracterization.

Standard of Review

Whether the court applied de novo, abuse of discretion, or another standard — this controls how appellate courts treat issues.

Factual Findings

Material facts the court relied on; compare these points to your facts to judge precedential fit.

Dissent/Concurrence

Any dissenting or concurring opinions that indicate limits or alternative reasoning valuable for future briefing.

Procedural History

Case track from trial to appellate court, including preserved objections and motions relevant to appellate strategy.

Remedies

Specific relief ordered or remanded instructions that affect enforcement or settlement calculations.

Essential metadata and file fields to capture

Case Number: 23422

Caption: State of West Virginia Ex Rel. Marie M.

Opinion Date: MM/DD/YYYY

Issuing Court: Court name or level

File Type: Official PDF

Access Level: Restricted or public

Practical risks of misapplying the opinion

Procedural Default: Forfeiture of issues not properly preserved

Sanctions Risk: Frivolous reliance may trigger fee sanctions

Misleading Argument: Overstating scope undermines credibility

Client Harm: Incorrect advice can cause adverse outcomes

Compliance Gaps: Policy changes may be needed to remain compliant

Record Gaps: Absent evidence can limit opinion's application

Electronic citation versus paper citation: key differences

Compare the practical attributes of relying on an electronically filed or paper-certified opinion when preparing filings or counsel memos.

Criteria	Electronic Copy	Certified Paper Copy
Authenticity	audit trail evidence	official stamp or seal
Availability	immediate online access	delivery time required
Use in Court	accepted if authenticated	universally accepted
Retention	digital archive recommended	physical storage required

eSignature vendor comparison for attaching and distributing court opinions

Basic vendor pricing and feature comparison to help counsel choose a platform for secure distribution and signature capture when needed.

	signNow	DocuSign	Adobe Sign	PandaDoc	HelloSign
Starting Price	$8/user/mo	$15/user/mo	$14/user/mo	$19/user/mo	$15/user/mo
Free Trial	7-day free trial	Varies by plan	Varies by plan	Varies by plan	Varies by plan
Bulk Send	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Audit Trail	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
HIPAA Compliant	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No

Practical examples: applying the opinion in real workflows

Two illustrative scenarios show how counsel and compliance teams might use the opinion in practice.

Appellate Briefing Example

An appeals team cites the opinion's holding to support a preserved issue on statutory interpretation

The team quotes the controlling paragraph and distinguishes facts
The court's reasoning narrows the opponent's argument and strengthens the appellant's chance on similar legal grounds.

Agency Guidance Example

A state agency reviews the opinion to adjust enforcement guidance on a regulated activity

Counsel summarizes applicable holdings and recommended policy changes
The agency issues an internal memorandum and updates compliance checklists to align with the court's interpretation.

Practical tips for accurate use and citation of the opinion

Follow these best practices to reduce risk, improve clarity, and preserve appellate rights when relying on the opinion.

Use official PDF

Always rely on the court's official PDF or certified copy for filings to avoid version discrepancies and ensure authenticity.

Quote precisely

When citing holdings, reproduce the court's language exactly and include a pinpoint citation to page or paragraph.

Preserve issues

Confirm arguments were preserved below or address potential waiver when developing appellate strategy.

Document access

Record where and when the opinion was obtained and who accessed it to support chain-of-custody or discovery responses.

Frequently asked questions about using Opinion Case No. 23422

Answers to common practical questions about locating, citing, and relying on the opinion in filings and policy work.

Need help? Contact support

How should I cite the opinion?
Cite the caption and case number as styled by the court and include the official reporter citation or court docket reference when available; include a pinpoint citation for quoted language.
Where can I obtain a certified copy?
Order certified copies through the issuing court's clerk office or official reporter services; certified copies carry the court seal and are preferred for filings that require formal authentication.
Can I rely on an online PDF?
An official court-hosted PDF is generally acceptable if accompanied by a court-provided docket entry; when filing, follow local rules on authentication or attach a certification if required.
Is rehearing still possible?
A narrow statutory window for rehearing may apply; check the issuing court's rules immediately after publication to preserve appellate remedies.
How do I use the opinion in other states?
Out-of-state courts may treat the opinion as persuasive but not binding; evaluate doctrinal alignment and differences in state law before arguing reliance.
Who should be notified internally?
Notify lead counsel, opposing counsel where required, compliance officers, and case administrators so filings and procedures reflect the opinion's holdings.

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