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Tenancy-in-Common Agreement for Undeveloped Property

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Tenancy-in-Common Agreement to Undeveloped Property with each
Owner Owning 50% of Property and Sharing Expenses Equally

Agreement made on the , between

(Name of Owner Alpha) of

, referred to herein as Alpha, and

(Name of Owner Beta), of

, referred to herein as Beta, said Alpha and Beta being hereinafter jointly referred to as Owners.

Whereas, Owners have contributed to a common fund and have acquired the fee title to Premises (hereinafter called the Premises) located at

and being more particularly describe in Exhibit A attached hereto and made a part hereof by reference; and

Whereas, each Owner has an equal and undivided one-half interest in the Premises;

Now, therefore, for and in consideration of the mutual covenants contained in this agreement, and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows:

1. Ownership
Each party to this Agreement shall own an undivided 50% interest in the property, and shall share equally in any mortgage payments, taxes, maintenance, or improvements related to, or to become a part of, the Premises.

2. Improvements, Sale, or Mortgage of Premises
The written consent of both the Owners shall be required in order to improve, sell, or mortgage the Premises and any such improvement, sale, or mortgage shall be of the entire Premises, except as provided in Section 5.

3. Sharing of Expenses
Each Owner shall advance, or cause to be advanced in a timely fashion, their one-half share of the money required to pay for taxes and the maintenance and operation of the Premises, (including interest and principal on any mortgage liens), and for the cost of any improvements. All accounts for repairs and improvements shall be put in the names of both Owners, and a single account book showing these expenses will be kept.

4. Default in the Sharing of Expenses
If either Owner fails to contribute his or her one-half share of the common expenses (including mortgage, principal, interest, and taxes), the other Owner shall have the right, after giving the defaulting Owner days notice in writing, to subtract the amount of defaulting Owner's unpaid share from his or her equity, accruing interest at the rate of % from the date the debt is incurred. If the defaulting Owner's equity in the Premises is reduced to zero by failure to pay his or her share, the defaulting Owner shall deliver a deed to the non-defaulting Owner for his or her respective interest.

5. Sale of the Premises
If, and when, either Owner wishes to sell their respective share of the property, he or she shall give no less than months written notice to the other Owner. The non-selling Owner shall have the option to purchase the other Owner's equity. The fair market value of the Premises is to be determined by no less than two appraisals, using MAI Designated Independent Real Estate Appraisers. The selling Owner shall have his or her name removed from the Deed to the Premises, any mortgage, all common bills, and any other related documents. The consent of the non-selling Owner to the sale must be secured to make any contract to sell effective. This consent cannot be unreasonably withheld. If the non-selling Owner fails or refuses to consent to two proposed purchases, the selling Owner is not required to secure non-selling Owner's consent to the third proposed buyer, and may sell his or her respective share, as long as all other terms of this Agreement are met.

6. Death or Incompetence
If either Owner should die or become mentally incompetent while in co-ownership of this property, the estate or committee of the deceased or mental incompetent will give the other Owner a one-year option, from the date of death or mental incompetence, to buy the deceased or mental incompetent Owner's interest in the Premises at the appraised value of said Premises an MAI Designated Independent Real Estate Appraiser.

7. Durable Power of Attorney
Alpha shall execute and deliver a durable power of attorney to Beta. Beta shall also execute and deliver a durable power of attorney to Alpha. The powers of attorneys are to be exercised only for the purpose of conveying the incompetent Owner's respective share if this option is exercised. The attorney-in-fact shall be bound by the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Should it be determined that a court order is required to consummate a conveyance in the case of mental incompetence, the costs of securing this order shall be shared by both Owners, or their estates.

8. Rights of Transferee
Should the interest of either Owner be acquired by any individual, the shall be subject to all terms of this Agreement, with the same force and effect as if the transferee owned such interest at the time this Agreement was executed, and as if the transferee was a party to and signed this Agreement at that time.

9. Termination of Agreement
This Agreement shall terminate on the sale of the Premises, and the distribution of the net proceeds of such sale to the Owners, and according to this Agreement, or at such other times or dates, as may be agreed on, in writing, by the parties.

10. Severability
The invalidity of any portion of this Agreement will not and shall not be deemed to affect the validity of any other provision. If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, the parties agree that the remaining provisions shall be deemed to be in full force and effect as if they had been executed by both parties subsequent to the expungement of the invalid provision.

11. No Waiver
The failure of either party to this Agreement to insist upon the performance of any of the terms and conditions of this Agreement, or the waiver of any breach of any of the terms and conditions of this Agreement, shall not be construed as subsequently waiving any such terms and conditions, but the same shall continue and remain in full force and effect as if no such forbearance or waiver had occurred.

12. Governing Law
This Agreement shall be governed by, construed, and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of

13. Notices
Any notice provided for or concerning this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed sufficiently given when sent by certified or registered mail if sent to the respective address of each party as set forth at the beginning of this Agreement.

14. Attorney's Fees
In the event that any lawsuit is filed in relation to this Agreement, the unsuccessful party in the action shall pay to the successful party, in addition to all the sums that either party may be called on to pay, a reasonable sum for the successful party's attorney fees.

15. Mandatory Arbitration
Any dispute under this Agreement shall be required to be resolved by binding arbitration of the parties hereto. If the parties cannot agree on an arbitrator, each party shall select one arbitrator and both arbitrators shall then select a third. The third arbitrator so selected shall arbitrate said dispute. The arbitration shall be governed by the rules of the American Arbitration Association then in force and effect.

16. Entire Agreement
This Agreement shall constitute the entire agreement between the parties and any prior understanding or representation of any kind preceding the date of this Agreement shall not be binding upon either party except to the extent incorporated in this Agreement.

17. Modification of Agreement
Any modification of this Agreement or additional obligation assumed by either party in connection with this Agreement shall be binding only if placed in writing and signed by each party or an authorized representative of each party.

18. Assignment of Rights
The rights of each party under this Agreement are personal to that party and may not be assigned or transferred to any other person, firm, corporation, or other entity without the prior, express, and written consent of the other party.

19. In this Agreement, any reference to a party includes that party's heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns, singular includes plural and masculine includes feminine.

WITNESS our signatures as of the day and date first above stated.

(Printed name)

(Signature of Alpha)

(Printed name)

(Signature of Beta)

(Acknowledgment form may vary by state)

State

County of

Personally appeared before me, the undersigned authority in and for the said county and state, on this day of , 20 within my jurisdiction, the within named, (Name of Alpha), who acknowledged that he executed the above and foregoing instrument.

NOTARY PUBLIC

My Commission expires:

State

County of

Personally appeared before me, the undersigned authority in and for the said county and state, on this day of , 20 within my jurisdiction, the within named, (Name of Beta), who acknowledged that he executed the above and foregoing instrument.

NOTARY PUBLIC

My Commission expires:

Enter text

What a Tenancy-in-Common Agreement for Undeveloped Property Is

A Tenancy-in-Common Agreement for Undeveloped Property is a legal contract used when two or more co-owners hold undivided fractional interests in undeveloped real property as tenants in common. The agreement sets each co-owner's ownership percentage, contribution toward acquisition and upkeep, rights to access, management and development plans, dispute resolution methods, decision-making procedures, transfer and buyout formulas, and allocation of proceeds from sale or lease. It clarifies responsibilities for taxes, insurance, maintenance, and liability exposure, and establishes processes for amendments, default, and termination of the co-ownership arrangement.

Why this Agreement Matters for Undeveloped Land

Use a Tenancy-in-Common Agreement for Undeveloped Property to allocate ownership rights and responsibilities clearly, reduce future disputes, define development and financing obligations, and provide enforceable buyout or partition terms tailored to undeveloped land where access, utilities, and future improvements require coordinated management.

Why this Agreement Matters for Undeveloped Land

Who Typically Completes This Agreement

Professionals and individuals who co-invest in raw or unimproved land commonly use this agreement to document shared ownership and expectations.

  • Real estate investors pooling capital for raw land acquisition and phased development projects.
  • Family heirs or relatives holding undeveloped parcels seeking formalized access, cost-sharing, and transfer rules.
  • Small development partnerships or joint ventures establishing decision-making, contributions, and exit provisions.

Key Provisions to Include in a Professional Agreement

Core provisions in a Tenancy-in-Common Agreement for Undeveloped Property define ownership allocations, management authority, and mechanisms for transfer, contribution, and dispute resolution.

Ownership Shares

Specify each co-owner’s fractional interest as a percentage or fraction, and record contributions to purchase price, capital improvements, and ongoing expense allocations to prevent disputes.

Decision-Making

Define voting thresholds for ordinary decisions and for significant acts such as development approvals, sales, or encumbrances; include tie-breaking procedures and consent requirements and record-keeping obligations.

Contributions & Expenses

Describe initial capital contributions, ongoing cost-sharing formulas, reserve accounts for repairs, tax liabilities allocation, and procedures for additional capital calls or missed payments and enforcement remedies.

Transfer Restrictions

Set right-of-first-refusal, buy-sell valuation methods, permissible transfers to heirs or affiliates, and processes for partition or involuntary sale to protect co-owners including notice periods and funding options.

Development Plan

Record approved land-use plans, timing for utility extensions, permitting responsibilities, cost apportionment for improvements, environmental assessments, and triggers for staged development and dispute escalation paths.

Insurance & Liability

Require liability and property insurance coverage levels, name co-owners as additional insureds where appropriate, allocate deductibles, and identify indemnity obligations and risk-sharing formulas for third-party claims.

Security and Compliance Considerations

Encryption: TLS 1.2/1.3 in transit, AES-256 at rest
Certifications: SOC 2 Type II, ISO 27001, PCI DSS
HIPAA: Compliant with BAA required
ESIGN/UETA: Meets ESIGN and UETA standards
Audit Trail: Detailed timestamps, IP and action log
Access Controls: SSO, role-based permissions, MFA available

Penalties and Risks from an Incorrect Agreement

Tax Penalties: Incorrect reporting risks IRC §6721 fines
Partition Risk: Forced sale may undervalue land
Insurance Gaps: Uncovered liability exposure for co-owners
Financing Issues: Mortgage default affects all fractional interests
Title Problems: Clouded title can block transactions
Noncompliance: Failure to notarize may void provisions

Common Preparation Mistakes to Avoid

  • Failing to specify voting thresholds or tie-breaker rules, which can leave co-owners unable to move forward on development or sale decisions and prompt litigation.
  • Using vague contribution language like 'pro rata' without formulaic calculations or timing details, causing disputes over capital calls and expense reimbursements.
  • Omitting insurance and indemnity clauses or failing to name co-owners as additional insureds, increasing personal liability after accidents or environmental claims.
  • Not updating the agreement after ownership transfers or death, which can leave outdated contact, tax, and right-of-way obligations in place.

Step-by-Step: Complete and Execute This Agreement

Follow these steps to complete and execute a Tenancy-in-Common Agreement for undeveloped land accurately, online or in-person.

  • 01
    Gather Parties: List each owner, contact, ownership percentage, and ID.
  • 02
    Describe Property: Provide legal description, parcel number, and access details.
  • 03
    Allocate Costs: Set formulas for purchase, taxes, insurance, and improvements.
  • 04
    Sign & Notarize: Obtain signatures, required witnesses, and notarization or RON.

How to Configure an Online Signing Workflow

Configure online workflow settings to collect signatures, assign roles, and enforce authentication for Tenancy-in-Common agreements.

Field Configuration
Signer Role Grant 'Owner' or 'Agent' roles with signing order.
Authentication Set email, SMS code, or KBA per state requirements.
Conditional Fields Show contribution fields only if checkbox 'Additional Capital' is selected.
Document Retention Enable audit trail and choose retention period for signed copy.

Where to Send and How Documents Flow

Typical routing and execution flow for completing and filing a Tenancy-in-Common Agreement electronically using eSignature platforms.

  • Prepare Document: Upload final draft and place signature, initial, and date fields.
  • Add Signers: Enter each co-owner's email and assign signing order.
  • Authenticate: Select appropriate signer verification: email, SMS, or multi-factor.
  • Complete & Archive: Signers finalize; system records audit trail and stores copies.

Platform and Integration Considerations

Choose an eSignature platform that supports notarization, audit trails, role-based access, and export in PDF and DOCX formats.

  • File Formats: PDF, Word DOCX supported
  • Integrations: Salesforce, NetSuite, Google Workspace
  • Authentication: Email, SMS, SSO options

eSignature Pricing and Feature Comparison for Signing Property Agreements

Comparison of common eSignature vendor features and starting prices relevant when executing Tenancy-in-Common Agreements for undeveloped property.

signNow DocuSign Adobe Sign PandaDoc HelloSign
Starting Price $8/user/mo $15/user/mo $14/user/mo $19/user/mo $15/user/mo
Free Trial 7-day free trial Varies by vendor Varies by vendor Varies by vendor Varies by vendor
Bulk Send Yes (Business Premium) Yes Yes Yes No
Audit Trail Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
HIPAA Compliant Yes Yes Yes No No
Envelope Cap No cap 100 envelopes/user/year Varies by plan Varies by plan Varies by plan

FAQs: Drafting, Signing, and Enforcing the Agreement

Common questions about drafting, signing, and enforcing a Tenancy-in-Common Agreement for undeveloped property are answered below.


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