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Agreement and Plan of Merger

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Merger Agreement between Two Corporations

Merger Agreement made on the (date), between

(Company), a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the state of (name of state), with its principal office located at , referred to herein as ABC, and

(Company), a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the state of (name of state), with its principal office located at , referred to herein as XYZ.

Whereas, the total number of shares of stock which ABC is authorized to issue is (number) shares, divided into (number) classes and assigned par value as follows: ;

Whereas, the total number of shares of stock which XYZ is authorized to issue is (number) shares, divided into (number) classes and assigned par value as follows: ;

Whereas, the Boards of Directors of the respective Corporations deem it desirable and in the best interest of the Corporations and their shareholders that XYZ be merged into ABC.

For the reasons set forth above, and in consideration of the mutual covenants and promises of the parties, the merging Corporations agree, pursuant to , that XYZ shall be merged into ABC as a single corporation; and the parties agree to and prescribe the terms and conditions of such merger, the method of carrying it into effect, and the manner of converting the shares of XYZ into shares or other securities of ABC, as set forth below.

I. ABC, Inc., to be Surviving Corporation

XYZ shall be merged into ABC and the corporate existence of XYZ shall cease and the corporate existence of ABC shall continue under the name ABC, Inc., and ABC shall become the owner, without other transfer, of all the rights and property of XYZ, and ABC shall become subject to all the debts and liabilities of XYZ in the same manner as if ABC had itself incurred them.

II. Principal Office

The principal office of ABC shall remain the principal office of the Corporation following this merger.

III. Objects and Purposes

The nature of the business and the objects and purposes proposed to be transacted, promoted, and carried on by the Corporation following the merger, are as follows:

IV. Articles of Incorporation

The Articles of Incorporation of ABC, as amended, shall on the effective date of the merger be amended to read as follows:

V. Bylaws

The present Bylaws of ABC, insofar as not inconsistent with this Merger Agreement, shall be the bylaws of the Corporation following the merger until altered, amended, or repealed as currently provided in the Bylaws.

VI. Names and Addresses of Directors

The names and addresses of the persons who shall constitute the Board of Directors of ABC, following merger, and who shall hold office until the first annual meeting of the shareholders of ABC following merger, are as follows:

VII. Method of Converting Shares

Immediately upon this Agreement of Merger becoming effective, the shares of the XYZ shall, without any other action on the part of the respective holders of the shares, become and be converted into shares of stock of ABC, as follows:

VIII. Dividends Prior to Merger

Until this Agreement of Merger becomes effective or is abandoned, XYZ pay dividends on its stock of any class or series at their respective regular times and rates.

IX. Extraordinary Transactions

Neither Corporation shall, prior to the effective date of the merger, engage in any activity or transaction other than in the ordinary course of business, except as contemplated by this Agreement.

X. Submission to Stockholders; Effective Date

This Agreement shall be submitted to the stockholders of XYZ and ABC in the manner provided by , and if the votes of stockholders of each such Corporation representing % of the total number of shares of its capital stock shall be in favor of the adoption of this Agreement, it shall, subject to the provisions of Section XI of this Agreement, take effect as the Agreement of Merger of XYZ and ABC on the date on which it is filed in the office of the Secretary of State of , together with evidence of its adoption as required by law.

XI. Abandonment of Merger

Anything to the contrary in this Agreement notwithstanding, if the Board of Directors of ABC, or the Board of Directors of XYZ, should determine, either before or after the meeting of the stockholders of the respective Corporations called to vote on the adoption or rejection of this Agreement of Merger, that for any legal, financial, economic, or business reason deemed sufficient by such Board it is not in the interest of the Corporation it represents, or the stockholders of such Corporation, or is otherwise inadvisable or impracticable to consummate the merger, such Board of Directors may abandon the Merger by directing the officers of the Corporations to refrain from executing or filing this Agreement of Merger, and this Agreement shall then be void and of no effect.

The Directors, or a majority of them, of ABC, and the Directors, or a majority of them, of XYZ, have executed this Agreement under their respective corporate seals at the day and year first above written.

By:

By:

By:

SEAL

By:

By:

By:

SEAL

Enter text✕

What an Agreement and Plan of Merger Is

An Agreement and Plan of Merger is a binding corporate contract that sets out the terms, conditions and mechanics for combining two or more entities into a single surviving company. It identifies the parties, describes the form and amount of consideration, establishes closing conditions, allocates representations and warranties, and records covenants and indemnities. The document also specifies filing steps required by state law, effective date mechanics, and any shareholder or board approvals needed to effect the statutory merger.

Why a Clear Merger Agreement Matters

A well-drafted Agreement and Plan of Merger reduces ambiguity at closing, allocates post-closing liabilities, clarifies consideration and timing, and creates a single contractual record for regulatory filings, investor review, and dispute resolution.

Why a Clear Merger Agreement Matters

Who Typically Prepares and Signs This Agreement

Multiple parties and advisors usually sign or certify corporate approvals to ensure enforceability and proper statutory filing.

  • Acquirers and buyer-side counsel — manage due diligence, purchase price mechanics, and closing conditions.
  • Target company board and management — assess consideration, shareholder approvals, and transitional obligations.
  • Outside counsel, lenders and escrow agents — prepare ancillary documents, fund closings, and administer escrow or indemnity arrangements.

Primary Signatories and Their Roles

CEO or President

Typically executes on behalf of a corporation when authorized by the board; signing should reference a board resolution or written corporate authorization to bind the company.

Corporate Secretary

Certifies corporate minutes and resolutions, attests to authorized signatures, and often files or certifies the certificate of merger required by state law.

Essential Information to Include

Effective Date: MM/DD/YYYY
Parties: Full legal entity names
Consideration: Cash, stock, mix
Board Resolutions: Resolution dates
Closing Conditions: Regulatory items
Governing Law: Named state

Step-by-Step: Completing an Agreement and Plan of Merger

Follow a clear sequence from drafting through filing to reduce errors and satisfy statutory processes.

  • 01
    Draft Agreement: Prepare complete draft with exhibits and schedules.
  • 02
    Board Approval: Obtain board resolutions authorizing the merger terms.
  • 03
    Shareholder Vote: Provide notice and obtain required shareholder approvals.
  • 04
    File Documents: File certificate of merger and required state forms.

How to Configure an Online Signing Workflow

Configure signing order, authentication and notifications to match corporate approvals and any regulatory requirements.

Field Configuration
Signer order Sequential signing with board signers first
Authentication Email plus SMS or ID verification
Template reuse Save master merger template for repeat filings
Notifications Email reminders and completion notices

Typical Electronic Execution Flow

Electronic execution follows a predictable flow—configure, send, verify, sign, then archive—with an audit trail for each action.

  • Upload Document: Import PDF or DOCX of the agreement.
  • Place Fields: Add signature, initial, and date fields.
  • Send to Signers: Specify signer order and authentication.
  • Complete & Store: Signed copies and audit trail saved securely.

Technical Considerations for Electronic Submission

Choose platform features that match your corporate governance, attorney review processes, and any regulatory authentication requirements.

  • Supported Formats: PDF, DOCX, HTML and PDF/A for long-term storage
  • Integrations: Connectors for Salesforce, NetSuite, Google Workspace
  • Authentication Options: Email, SMS OTP, ID verification

Common Timing and Filing Expectations

Merger transactions follow statutory and corporate deadlines; plan scheduling to allow for notice periods, approvals, and state filing windows.

Board Approval Deadline:

Set a date allowing legal review and shareholder notice periods.

Shareholder Meeting Notice:

Provide notice consistent with bylaws and state law timing.

Regulatory Clearance:

Allow additional time for antitrust or sector approvals.

Secretary of State Filing:

File certificate of merger per state procedures.

Effective Date After Filing:

Agreement may specify immediate or delayed effective date.

Key Milestones from Draft to Effective Merger

Track and document each milestone so approvals, filings, and transfers occur in proper order to avoid post-closing disputes.

01

Draft and Internal Review

Finalize terms and exhibits before circulating to signatories.

02

Due Diligence

Complete diligence items tied to closing conditions.

03

Approvals and Consents

Obtain required board, shareholder, and third-party consents.

04

Closing and Filing

Execute documents, fund transactions, and file merger certificate.

Common Preparation Errors to Avoid

  • Using informal or abbreviated party names that do not match formation documents, causing state filing rejections and title confusion.
  • Failing to attach required exhibits or schedules referenced in the agreement, leading to ambiguity about what was agreed at closing.
  • Skipping explicit board or shareholder resolutions in the record, which can create grounds for post-closing invalidation.
  • Omitting tax and regulatory covenants that determine post-closing liabilities and possible indemnity claims.

Risks and Consequences of Defective Merger Documentation

Defective Approval: Legal challenge risk
Incorrect Filing: State rejection or delay
Tax Consequences: Unexpected liabilities
Escrow Disputes: Delayed indemnity recovery
Regulatory Delay: Prolonged closing timeline
IP Transfer Issues: Incomplete assignment problems

Real-world Customer Experiences with Electronic Execution

Organizations use electronic signing to streamline execution of complex transaction documents while preserving audit trails and compliance.

Optica Ventures (COO)

Optica used remote signing for transaction documents to reduce turnaround time.

  • The interface is simple and easy-to-use for our team.
  • "The interface is simple and easy-to-use for our team; more importantly, it is just as easy for our customers."

Xerox (Director of NetSuite)

Xerox automated signature routing for integrated deals and recordkeeping.

  • The API supported our NetSuite workflows.
  • "airSlate SignNow provides us with the flexibility needed to get the right signatures on the right documents, in the right formats, based on our integration with NetSuite."

eSignature Pricing and Capability Snapshot

Comparison of common eSignature providers by starting price, trial offerings, bulk send capabilities, audit trail availability, HIPAA support, and envelope caps.

signNow DocuSign Adobe Sign PandaDoc HelloSign
Starting Price $8/user/mo $15/user/mo $14/user/mo $19/user/mo $15/user/mo
Free Trial 7-day free trial Varies by plan Varies by plan Varies by plan Varies by plan
Bulk Send Yes (Business Premium) Yes Yes Yes No
Audit Trail Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
HIPAA Compliant Yes Yes Yes No No
Envelope Cap No envelope cap 100 envelopes/user/year Varies by plan Varies by plan Varies by plan

Frequently Asked Questions and Practical Answers

Answers to common questions about enforceability, electronic execution, notarization, amendments, and missing approvals for an Agreement and Plan of Merger.


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