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Crop Share Farm Lease

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CROP SHARE FARM LEASE

[This form may be used either for an entire farm, or for field rental agreements. Special care should be taken in field rental agreements to describe exactly what real estate is included.]

Section I. Date, Contracting Parties, Description of Property, and Terms of Lease

1. This lease is made this day of 20, by and between , hereinafter called the Landlord, and , hereinafter called the Tenant.

2. Landlord’s address for mailing of notices, rent payments, etc., is:

Tenant’s address for mailing of notices, etc., is:

3. The Landlord, hereby leases to the Tenant, to use for agricultural purposes only, the [name of farm] farm, or the below-described portion thereof, containing acres, located in County, State of , described as follows:

with all improvements thereon except

4. This lease agreement shall become effective on the day of , 20 and shall terminate on the day of , 20. The Tenant agrees to contact the Landlord days prior to the termination date to consider re-negotiating for the following year the amount of rent and other terms and conditions of this lease.

Section II. Land Use and Cropping Program

1. Approximately acres of the above-described leasehold are to be cultivated, with areas and/or acreage to remain uncultivated and/or not to be grazed, described as follows (if applicable):

2. Special considerations involving crop types and/or areas for specific crops, participation in/compliance with government programs, and other special considerations regarding land use and cropping are as follows:

3. Participation in annual government programs shall be as set out above. Program payments shall be divided either in the same proportion as the two parties divide the crop to which payments are related, or as follows:

4. Tenant shall not plow the following permanent pasture areas:

Section III. Division of Costs and Returns

1. This lease shall be a crop share lease in which both parties furnish specified production inputs and costs and share the resulting production as indicated in items 2) and 3) immediately below, Table 1 and Sections IV and V.

2. Landlord agrees to furnish the land and fixed improvements referred to in Section I.

3. Tenant agrees to furnish all labor, power, machinery and movable equipment and all related operation and maintenance expenses to operate the farm except as indicated in Table 1, and as except as follows:

4. This lease is not intended to be, nor to give rise to, a partnership between the parties.

Table 1. Landlord's and Tenant's Shares of Crops and Crop Expenses (Indicate % and/or amount).

List crop type and percent (%) share for Landlord and percent share for Tenant.

[crop]: Landlord % = Tenant % =

[crop]: Landlord % = Tenant % =

[crop]: Landlord % = Tenant % =

[crop]: Landlord % = Tenant % =

[crop]: Landlord % = Tenant % =

List item of expense and percent or amount to be covered by Landlord and by Tenant.

ITEM         LANDLORD         TENANT

[Fertilizer]:

[Fertilizer application]:

[Herbicides]:

[Herbicide application]:

[Insecticide]:

[Insecticide application]:

[Seed]:

[Planting]:

[Lime]:

[Harvesting]:

[Dryer fuel, power]:

[Dryer, overhead]:

[Hauling to bin]:

[Field to Market]:

[Other]:

Section IV. The Landlord Agrees to:

1. Furnish the land and the fixed improvements referred to in Section I.

2. Pay all taxes and the assessments against the real estate, all taxes on the Landlord's personal property on the farm, and premiums for the insurance carried on the farm buildings.

3. Other responsibilities of the Landlord:

Section V. The Tenant Agrees to:

[strike through unwanted provisions]

1. Follow the farming practices that are generally recommended for and that are best adapted to this type of farm and for this locality unless other practices are agreed upon.

2. Furnish all labor, power, machinery, and movable equipment and all related operation and maintenance expenses to operate the leased farmland except as follows:

3. Furnish all labor for minor repair and the minor improvement of buildings, fences, and drains with the material to be furnished by the Landlord. The buildings, fences, and other improvements on the farm are to be kept in as good repair and condition as they are at the beginning of the lease, or in as good repair and condition as they may be put in by the Landlord during the term of the lease; ordinary wear and depreciation excepted.

4. Haul to the farm, except where other arrangements are agreed to with the Landlord, any material provided by the Landlord for the minor repair or minor improvement of buildings, fences, and drains.

5. Cut the weeds in lots, fence rows, and along rows whenever necessary to prevent reseeding. Mow permanent pastures at least once each year when it is most effective to destroy weeds and other undesirable plants.

6. Keep livestock out of the fields when the soil is soft, and protect sod crops, especially new seedings, from too close grazing that might impair the following year's crop.

7. Follow FSA (Farm Services Agency) recommendations and fulfill all other requirements necessary to maintain the rights of current and future operators of this farm to participate in federal farm programs. Planted acreages of crops shall be reported as required by FSA.

8. Store and use pesticides, fertilizers, and other chemicals, and dispose of containers in accordance with state and federal regulations and recommendations. Furnish the Landlord a written, field by field, record of the amount, kinds, and dates of applications of pesticides and fertilizers.

9. Not store motor vehicles, tractors, fuel, and chemicals on the farm in violation of restrictions in the Landlord's insurance policies.

10. Apply fertilizer as follows:

11. Neither assign this lease to any person or persons nor sublet any part of the real estate for any purpose without the written consent of the Landlord.

12. Yield peaceable possession of the farm at the termination of this lease.

Section VI. Marketing, Billing, Management and Miscellaneous Provisions.

1. Separate checks to the tenant and landlord shall be issued by the purchaser of co-mingled farm production unless otherwise specified below:

2. Marketing decisions regarding jointly owned or co-mingled production shall be made by mutual agreement. If agreement cannot be reached, each party shall make decisions on their approximate amount of production.

3. Input suppliers shall be instructed to issue separate bills to the tenant and landlord for their respective shares of shared production expenses except as follows:

4. Privilege rent of $ per year shall be paid to the landlord on the day of , 20 for the use of:

5. The extent of participation by the landlord in the management of farm production shall be as follows:

6. The landlord shall carry general farm liability insurance coverage in the amount of $

7. The tenant shall carry general farm liability insurance coverage in the amount of $

Section VII. Rights and Privileges

1. The Landlord or anyone designated by him shall have the right of entry at any mutually convenient time to inspect the property and/or the farming methods being used.

2. The Tenant shall have the right of entry for days after the termination of the lease for the purpose of harvesting spring seeded crops. The Landlord or his designated agent shall have the right of entry to plant fall crops following harvest of the current year's crops.

3. Reimbursement shall be made to the Tenant for the portion of tenant-furnished inputs remaining unused at the beginning of the year in which no lease agreement is entered into. Said reimbursement shall be made as follows:

4. Transfer of ownership of this farm shall be subject to the provisions of this lease.

Section VIII. Enforcement of Agreements and Arbitration

1. Failure of either the Landlord or the Tenant to comply with the agreement set forth in this lease shall make him liable for damages to the other party. Any claim by either party for such damages shall be presented, in writing to the other party, at least days before the termination of this lease.

2. The provisions of this lease shall be binding on the heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns of the party or parties involved.

3. Unless a sum exceeding $ is involved, any disagreements between the Landlord and the Tenant shall be referred to a board of three disinterested persons, one of whom shall be appointed by the Landlord, one by the Tenant, and the third by the two thus appointed. The decision of these three shall be considered binding by the parties to this lease. Any cost for such arbitration shall be shared equally between the two parties of this lease.

Section IX. Other Agreements and Provisions

Section X. Signatures of the Parties in Agreement

Landlord: Dated:

Tenant: Dated:

Enter text✕

What a Crop Share Farm Lease Is and when it’s used

A Crop Share Farm Lease is a written contract between a landowner (lessor) and a farmer (lessee) that allocates the yield, costs, and management responsibilities for agricultural production. Instead of a fixed cash rent, parties agree to share a percentage of the harvested crop or its proceeds; the agreement defines the share split, who provides inputs (seed, fertilizer, equipment), cost allocation, harvest procedures, and how proceeds and taxes are handled. The lease clarifies operational authority, entry and termination rights, damage and casualty allocation, and any required insurance or lien protections to reduce disputes and support financing or USDA program eligibility.

Why a written Crop Share Farm Lease matters

A clear crop share lease reduces ambiguity about who supplies labor, equipment, and inputs, and it documents how yields and expenses are divided — lowering the risk of disputes and providing a record for lenders, insurers, and tax reporting.

Why a written Crop Share Farm Lease matters

Who typically prepares and signs a Crop Share Farm Lease

The document is also used by attorneys, agricultural extension agents, and accountants for tax planning, estate transfers, and when enrolling land in government programs that require written agreements.

  • Landowners and absentee owners seeking passive returns and clear liability limits
  • Tenant farmers sharing input costs in exchange for crop percentage
  • Agricultural lenders or input suppliers requiring collateral or contractual evidence

Essential clauses to include in a professional Crop Share Farm Lease

A robust lease addresses allocation of the crop, inputs and expenses, management authority, reporting and recordkeeping, duration and termination, and dispute resolution to avoid ambiguity during planting, growing, and harvest seasons.

Crop Share Split

Specify percentage shares (for example, 50/50 or 60/40), whether splits are by field, crop type, or gross proceeds after marketing costs.

Inputs & Costs

Identify which party supplies seed, fertilizer, chemicals, fuel, and machinery and how variable costs and custom work are reimbursed or deducted.

Management Rights

Define who decides planting dates, crop varieties, pest control measures, and harvest timing; include authority for emergency actions.

Recordkeeping & Payments

Require production, input, and sales records; specify accounting method, timing of settlement, and payment mechanics for shared proceeds.

Property Condition & Repairs

Allocate responsibility for routine maintenance, boundary fences, drainage, and improvement investments; set repair notice and reimbursement rules.

Term, Termination & Dispute

State lease term, renewal options, termination notice periods, and a dispute resolution mechanism (mediation, arbitration, or jurisdiction clause).

Step-by-step: completing and executing the lease

Follow this sequence to prepare, review, and finalize the Crop Share Farm Lease so responsibilities, payments, and dates are clear before planting begins.

  • 01
    Draft Agreement: Populate parties, land description, term, and share splits.
  • 02
    Define Inputs: Detail which inputs each party supplies and how costs are split.
  • 03
    Review with Advisors: Have counsel, CPA, or extension agent review tax and liability implications.
  • 04
    Execute and Deliver: Sign, notarize if required, and distribute copies to all parties and lenders.

Where to send, file, and store the executed lease

After execution, provide copies to relevant stakeholders and file any required notices with local authorities or lenders to protect interests and ensure program eligibility.

  • Owner Record: Owner retains original signed lease in a secure location for the term plus retention period.
  • Tenant Copy: Tenant keeps a signed copy and operational schedules for planting and harvest.
  • Lender or Insurer: Provide executed lease to any lending institution or crop insurer as required for coverage or collateral.
  • USDA / Program Files: Submit copies when required by USDA programs to document use and eligibility.

How to customize and complete the lease online in an e-signature workflow

Configure fields and routing rules before sending to ensure signatures, dates, and supporting documents are captured consistently.

Field Configuration
Signature Blocks Place signature and date fields for each party; require name and title fields above signatures.
Conditional Clauses Add conditional fields for crop-specific percentages or supplemental schedules.
Attachments Require upload of maps, proof of insurance, and W-9/EIN documents where applicable.
Routing Order Set signer order if lender or insurer must sign after parties or as witness.

Digital signing, authentication, and format considerations

Verify the chosen platform meets regulatory or lender requirements (for example HIPAA BAA if health data appears) and store executed PDFs in a secure document repository.

  • File Formats: PDF and DOCX are standard; ensure the platform preserves field placements.
  • Authentication: Use email or SMS codes for basic identity; use knowledge-based or advanced auth for higher assurance.
  • Audit Trail: Capture timestamps, IP addresses, and signer actions for evidentiary support.

Timing, deadlines, and processing expectations tied to crop cycles and tax rules

Timing matters for planting, harvest, and tax reporting; include dates for term start, notice to terminate, harvest settlement, and any tax reporting responsibilities.

Term Start / End:

Specify MM/DD/YYYY start and end; include renewal windows.

Termination Notice:

State required notice period (commonly 30–90 days) before lease expiration or termination.

Harvest Settlement:

Set a deadline for accounts and payment of shared proceeds after sale.

Tax Reporting:

Provide needed documentation for Form 1099 reporting and W-9 requests to avoid backup withholding.

USDA Deadlines:

Meet program enrollment and acreage reporting deadlines to preserve benefits and compliance.

Common mistakes to avoid when preparing the lease

  • Leaving crop share percentages vague or inconsistent across schedules, which causes disputes
  • Failing to allocate responsibility for inputs and custom work, leading to unpaid bills or lien exposure
  • Not attaching field maps or legal parcel descriptions, making enforcement and program enrollment difficult
  • Skipping tax and insurance clauses, which can trigger backup withholding or denied claims

Penalties and legal risks from an incomplete or incorrect lease

Contract Disputes: Ambiguity can lead to costly litigation and loss of crop proceeds.
Tax Liability: Incorrect reporting may trigger IRS penalties and backup withholding; see IRC §6721 for information return penalties.
Lien Exposure: Unclear payment obligations can allow suppliers to place liens against crops or equipment.
Insurance Denial: Failure to meet policy requirements may result in denied crop insurance claims.
Program Ineligibility: Missing or unsigned documentation may disqualify participants from USDA programs.
Recordkeeping Failures: Poor documentation weakens position in audits or dispute resolution.

How eSignature vendors compare for signing and managing farm leases

Key purchasing dimensions include per-user pricing, trial availability, bulk send for many leases, audit trails, HIPAA compliance where needed, and any envelope or usage caps.

signNow DocuSign Adobe Sign PandaDoc HelloSign
Starting Price $8/user/mo $15/user/mo $14/user/mo $19/user/mo $15/user/mo
Free Trial 7-day free trial, no credit card required Varies Varies Varies Varies
Bulk Send Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Audit Trail Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
HIPAA Compliant Yes Yes Yes No No

Practical tips for accurate and efficient lease completion

Use clear schedules, consistent recordkeeping, and defined timelines to minimize disputes and streamline post-harvest accounting.

Use Attachments
Attach field maps, input invoices, and harvest schedules so both parties agree on measurement and allocation methods.
Clarify Market Sales
Describe marketing and price-setting procedures, including who can sell and how sale proceeds are split after marketing costs.
Include Insurance Terms
Specify required crop and liability insurance and who pays premiums; require certificates naming parties as additional insureds if needed.
Record Changes
Document amendments in writing with dates and signatures; avoid oral modifications to critical terms like shares and cost allocations.

Real-world scenarios showing how Crop Share Leases are structured

Examples illustrate typical allocations and how parties resolve operational questions during the season.

Small Family Farm

A landowner leases 100 acres on a 50/50 crop-share for corn

  • Owner provides seed and fertilizer; tenant provides labor and harvest
  • At harvest they reconcile costs, tenant delivers grain to market, sales receipts and invoices are exchanged and proceeds split after accounting, reducing upfront cash needs for the tenant while sharing price risk.

Large Acreage with Lender

A tenant operates 1,200 acres under a tiered share: 60/40 for soy, 55/45 for corn

  • Tenant finances inputs using a crop lien; lender requires assignment of proceeds and an executed lease exhibit
  • The lease includes lender consent language, escrow instructions for sale proceeds, and a lien release process to protect the lender and parties.

Frequently asked questions about Crop Share Farm Lease completion

Common questions address signature authority, tax reporting, notarization, lease amendments, and record retention to reduce downstream conflict.


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