Definition & Meaning of Order of Draw
An order of draw form refers to the systematic sequence in which blood samples are collected into various color-coded tubes during a phlebotomy procedure. This sequence is essential to prevent the contamination of samples, ensuring that the additives in one tube do not interfere with the tests conducted on samples from other tubes. For instance, if a tube containing an anticoagulant is filled before a tube meant for serum testing, the results could be compromised due to the anticoagulant's effects.
The standard order of draw typically begins with blood cultures, followed by sodium citrate (light blue top), serum tubes (red or gold top), heparin tubes (green top), EDTA tubes (lavender top), and concludes with glycolytic inhibitor tubes (gray top). Each tube has specific functions and is designed to preserve the integrity of the blood sample for accurate laboratory analysis.
How to Use the Order of Draw
Using the order of draw correctly is crucial for obtaining valid laboratory results. Phlebotomists should follow these steps:
- Prepare the patient: Ensure the patient is comfortable and informed about the procedure.
- Gather supplies: Collect all necessary tubes in the correct order.
- Perform venipuncture: Insert the needle into the vein and allow the blood to flow into the first tube.
- Change tubes: After the first tube is filled, remove it and immediately switch to the next tube in the order of draw.
- Mix samples: Gently invert each tube as required to mix the blood with additives.
Following this procedure ensures that each sample is collected in the right order, minimizing the risk of contamination and ensuring accurate results.
How to Obtain the Order of Draw
Healthcare facilities typically have established protocols for obtaining the order of draw. Phlebotomists should refer to the facility's guidelines or training materials. It is also common for laboratories to provide educational resources that outline the order of draw. Additionally, many phlebotomy training programs include this information as part of their curriculum.
For those working in a clinical setting, it is advisable to keep a printed reference of the order of draw readily available. This helps reinforce the correct sequence during blood collection procedures.
Steps to Complete the Order of Draw
Completing the order of draw involves several key steps that phlebotomists must follow:
- Verify patient identity: Always confirm the patient's identity using two identifiers.
- Prepare the site: Clean the venipuncture site with an antiseptic wipe and allow it to dry.
- Collect blood: Begin with the first tube in the order of draw and proceed sequentially.
- Label tubes: Clearly label each tube with the patient's information and the date and time of collection.
- Document the procedure: Record any relevant details about the draw, including any complications or patient reactions.
By adhering to these steps, phlebotomists can ensure that blood samples are collected accurately and efficiently.
Why Should You Follow the Order of Draw?
Following the order of draw is essential for several reasons:
- Prevention of contamination: Collecting samples in the correct order minimizes the risk of cross-contamination between tubes.
- Accuracy of results: Ensuring that each sample is collected in the appropriate tube preserves the chemical integrity of the blood.
- Standardization: Adhering to a universal order of draw allows for consistency in laboratory practices across different facilities.
This adherence is vital for reliable laboratory testing and patient safety.
Who Typically Uses the Order of Draw?
The order of draw is primarily utilized by healthcare professionals involved in blood collection, including:
- Phlebotomists: They are trained specifically in blood collection techniques and protocols.
- Nurses: Nurses often perform blood draws as part of patient care.
- Laboratory technicians: They may be involved in the processing and analysis of blood samples.
Understanding the order of draw is critical for anyone involved in the blood collection process to ensure accurate laboratory results.
Important Terms Related to Order of Draw
Familiarity with key terms is essential for understanding the order of draw:
- Additives: Substances added to blood collection tubes to preserve or alter the sample.
- Anticoagulants: Additives that prevent blood from clotting, essential for certain tests.
- Serum: The liquid portion of blood that remains after clotting.
These terms are fundamental to grasping the significance of the order of draw in phlebotomy.
Examples of Using the Order of Draw
Practical examples illustrate the importance of adhering to the order of draw:
- Blood cultures: When collecting blood cultures, it is critical to start with sterile bottles to avoid contamination from other tubes.
- Coagulation tests: If a light blue top tube is filled after a serum tube, the presence of clot activators could lead to inaccurate coagulation results.
- Routine tests: Following the order ensures that tests requiring different additives do not interfere with one another, leading to reliable results.
These scenarios underscore the practical implications of the order of draw in everyday clinical practice.
