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Advance Health Care Directive

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ADVANCE HEALTH-CARE DIRECTIVE

(Delaware Code 16-2505)

EXPLANATION

You have the right to give instructions about your own health care. You also have the right to name someone else to make health-care decisions for you. This form lets you do either or both of these things. It also lets you express your wishes regarding anatomical gifts and the designation of your primary physician. If you use this form, you may complete or modify all or any part of it. You are free to use a different form.

Part 1 of this form is a power of attorney for health care. Part 1 lets you name another individual as agent to make health-care decisions for you if you become incapable of making your own decisions. You may also name an alternate agent to act for you if your first choice is not willing, able or reasonably available to make decisions for you. Unless related to you, an agent may not have a controlling interest in or be an operator or employee of a residential long-term health-care institution at which you are receiving care. If you do not have a qualifying condition (terminal illness/injury or permanent unconsciousness), your agent may make all health-care decisions for you except for decisions providing, withholding or withdrawing of a life sustaining procedure. Unless you limit the agent's authority, your agent will have the right to:

(a) Consent or refuse consent to any care, treatment, service or procedure to maintain, diagnose or otherwise affect a physical or mental condition unless it's a life-sustaining procedure or otherwise required by law.

(b) Select or discharge health-care providers and health-care institutions; if you have a qualifying condition, your agent may make all health-care decisions for you, including, but not limited to:

(c) The decisions listed in (a) and (b).

(d) Consent or refuse consent to life sustaining procedures, such as, but not limited to, cardiopulmonary resuscitation and orders not to resuscitate.

(e) Direct the providing, withholding or withdrawal of artificial nutrition and hydration and all other forms of health care.

Part 2 of this form lets you give specific instructions about any aspect of your health care. Choices are provided for you to express your wishes regarding the provision, withholding or withdrawal of treatment to keep you alive, including the provision of artificial nutrition and hydration as well as the provision of pain relief. Space is also provided for you to add to the choices you have made or for you to write out any additional instructions for other than end of life decisions.

Part 3 of this form lets you express an intention to donate your bodily organs and tissues following your death.

Part 4 of this form lets you designate a physician to have primary responsibility for your health care.

After completing this form, sign and date the form at the end. It is required that 2 other individuals sign as witnesses. Give a copy of the signed and completed form to your physician, to any other health-care providers you may have, to any health-care institution at which you are receiving care and to any health-care agents you have named. You should talk to the person you have named as agent to make sure that the person understands your wishes and is willing to take the responsibility.

You have the right to revoke this advance health-care directive or replace this form at any time.


PART 1: POWER OF ATTORNEY FOR HEALTH CARE

(1) DESIGNATION OF AGENT: I designate the following individual as my agent to make health-care decisions for me:

OPTIONAL: If I revoke my agent's authority or if my agent is not willing, able, or reasonably available to make a health-care decision for me, I designate as my first alternate agent:

OPTIONAL: If I revoke the authority of my agent and first alternate agent or if neither is willing, able, or reasonably available to make a health-care decision for me, I designate as my second alternate agent:

(2) AGENT'S AUTHORITY: If I am not in a qualifying condition my agent is authorized to make all health-care decisions for me, except decisions about life-sustaining procedures and as I state here; and if I am in a qualifying condition, my agent is authorized to make all health-care decisions for me, except as I state here:

(3) WHEN AGENT'S AUTHORITY BECOMES EFFECTIVE: My agent's authority becomes effective when my primary physician determines I lack the capacity to make my own health-care decisions. As to decisions concerning the providing, withholding and withdrawal of life-sustaining procedures my agent's authority becomes effective when my primary physician determines I lack the capacity to make my own health-care decisions and my primary physician and another physician determine I am in a terminal condition or permanently unconscious.

(4) AGENT'S OBLIGATION: My agent shall make health-care decisions for me in accordance with this power of attorney for health care, any instructions I give in Part 2 of this form, and my other wishes to the extent known to my agent. To the extent my wishes are unknown, my agent shall make health-care decisions for me in accordance with what my agent determines to be in my best interest. In determining my best interest, my agent shall consider my personal values to the extent known to my agent.

(5) NOMINATION OF GUARDIAN: If a guardian of my person needs to be appointed for me by a court, please check one:


PART 2: INSTRUCTIONS FOR HEALTH CARE

If you are satisfied to allow your agent to determine what is best for you in making end-of-life decisions, you need not fill out this part of the form. If you do fill out this part of the form, you may strike any wording you do not want.

(6) END-OF-LIFE DECISIONS: If I am in a qualifying condition, I direct that my health-care providers and others involved in my care provide, withhold, or withdraw treatment in accordance with the choice I have marked below:

Choice Not To Prolong Life

I do not want my life to be prolonged if: please check all that apply

(an incurable condition caused by injury, disease, or illness which, to a reasonable degree of medical certainty, makes death imminent and from which, despite the application of life-sustaining procedures, there can be no recovery)

and regarding artificial nutrition and hydration, I make the following specific directions:

I want used

I do not want used

(a medical condition that has been diagnosed in accordance with currently accepted medical standards that has lasted at least 4 weeks and with reasonable medical certainty as total and irreversible loss of consciousness and capacity for interaction with the environment. The term includes, without limitation, a persistent vegetative state or irreversible coma)

and regarding artificial nutrition and hydration, I make the following specific directions:

I want used

I do not want used

Choice To Prolong Life

RELIEF FROM PAIN: Except as I state in the following space, I direct treatment for alleviation of pain or discomfort be provided at all times, even if it hastens my death:

(7) OTHER MEDICAL INSTRUCTIONS: If you do not agree with any of the optional choices above and wish to write your own, or if you wish to add to the instructions you have given above, you may do so here. I direct that:


PART 3: ANATOMICAL GIFTS AT DEATH (OPTIONAL)

(8) I am mentally competent and 18 years or more of age.

I hereby make this anatomical gift to take effect upon my death. The marks in the appropriate squares and words filled into the blanks below indicate my desires.

I give:

To the following person or institutions

for the following purposes:


PART 4: PRIMARY PHYSICIAN (OPTIONAL)

(9) I designate the following physician as my primary physician:

OPTIONAL: If the physician I have designated above is not willing, able or reasonably available to act as my primary physician, I designate the following physician as my

Primary Physician shall mean a physician designated by an individual or the individual's agent or guardian, to have primary responsibility for the individual's health care or, in the absence of a designation or if the designated physician is not reasonably available, a physician who undertakes the responsibility.

(10) EFFECT OF COPY: A copy of this form has the same effect as the original.

(11) SIGNATURE: Sign and date the form here:

I understand the purpose and effect of this document.

(12) SIGNATURES OF WITNESSES:

Statement Of Witnesses

SIGNED AND DECLARED by the above-named declarant as and for his/her written declaration under 16 Del.C. §§ 2502 and 2503, in our presence, who in his/her presence, at his/her request, and in the presence of each other, have hereunto subscribed our names as witnesses, and state:

A. That the Declarant is mentally competent.

B. That neither of them:

1. Is related to the declarant by blood, marriage or adoption;

2. Is entitled to any portion of the estate of the declarant under any will of the declarant or codicil thereto then existing nor, at the time of the executing of the advance health care directive, is so entitled by operation of law then existing;

3. Has, at the time of the execution of the advance health-care directive, a present or inchoate claim against any portion of the estate of the declarant;

4. Has a direct financial responsibility for the declarant's medical care;

5. Has a controlling interest in or is an operator or an employee of a residential long-term health-care institution in which the declarant is a resident; or

6. Is under eighteen years of age.

C. That if the declarant is a resident of a sanitarium, rest home, nursing home, boarding home or related institution, one of the witnesses, ________________________, is at the time of the execution of the advance health-care directive, a patient advocate or ombudsman designated by the Division of Services for Aging and Adults with Physical Disabilities or the Public Guardian.

First witness: I am not prohibited by § 2503 of Title 16 of the Delaware Code from being a witness.

Second witness: I am not prohibited by § 2503 of Title 16 of the Delaware Code from being a witness.

Enter text

What an Advance Health Care Directive Is

An Advance Health Care Directive is a legally recognized document that lets an adult specify health care preferences and appoint a health care agent to make decisions if they cannot communicate. It typically combines a living will and a durable power of attorney for health care, covering life-sustaining treatment, resuscitation, hospitalization, and organ donation choices. The directive helps clinicians and family members follow the principal's instructions, reduces ambiguity in emergencies, and survives periods of incapacity. Execution requirements vary by state; many jurisdictions require witnesses or notarization to be valid.

Why an Advance Health Care Directive Matters

An Advance Health Care Directive clarifies treatment preferences, designates a decision-maker, and reduces family disputes during incapacity. It ensures clinicians have documented instructions and supports compliance with state laws and federal requirements such as ESIGN and UETA when executed electronically.

Why an Advance Health Care Directive Matters

Who Typically Completes an Advance Health Care Directive

Advance Health Care Directives are completed by adults planning for incapacity, their family members, and clinicians or legal advisors coordinating care instructions.

  • Patients with progressive chronic illness, terminal diagnoses, advanced age, or significant frailty
  • Adults who want to appoint a trusted health care agent
  • Caregivers, estate or elder law attorneys, and clinicians preparing for potential incapacity events

Step-by-Step: Completing the Advance Health Care Directive

Follow these sequential steps to complete an Advance Health Care Directive correctly and ensure legal and medical acceptance.

  • 01
    Gather information: Collect IDs, contact info, and medical history for accuracy.
  • 02
    Choose agent: Name a trusted health care proxy and list contact details.
  • 03
    Specify wishes: Describe preferences on life support, resuscitation, and comfort care.
  • 04
    Sign & witness: Sign, date, and obtain required witness or notary authentication.

Core Sections Found in a Professional Advance Health Care Directive

A professional Advance Health Care Directive organizes authority, specific treatment wishes, and authentication details so agents and clinicians can implement the principal's intent without ambiguity.

Agent Appointment

Designates a health care agent with authority to make medical decisions on your behalf if you lose capacity. Specify scope, effective conditions, limits, and successor agents to avoid ambiguity.

Living Will

Records specific treatment preferences for end-of-life care, including resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, artificial nutrition, and organ donation; use clear, scenario-based instructions clinicians can follow.

Scope & Limits

Defines which decisions the agent may make, whether limited to certain treatments or broad authority, and instructions for experimental therapies or clinical trials.

Duration

States exactly when the directive becomes effective, affirms that authority is durable during incapacity, and lists termination conditions or automatic expiration triggers.

Witness/Notary

Specifies witness or notary requirements, including number of witnesses, disqualifications, and notarial acknowledgements required by certain states for validity.

Medical Orders

Optionally attach Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) or similar clinician-signed forms to convert wishes into actionable medical orders recognized across care settings.

Security and Compliance Considerations

Encryption: TLS 1.2/1.3 in transit; AES-256 at rest
HIPAA: HIPAA-compliant; BAA required for PHI
Audit Trail: Timestamp, IP, and action history retained
Certifications: SOC 2 Type II and ISO 27001
Regulatory: ESIGN and UETA compliant
Accessibility: WCAG 2.0 Level AA support

Common Risks and Legal Consequences

Invalid Execution: Missing witnesses or notary can void
Conflicting Documents: Later directives not properly dated create disputes
Agent Disputes: Family disagreements delay care
Outdated Preferences: Medical changes may render choices obsolete
HIPAA Violations: Improper disclosures risk penalties
Authentication Failure: Weak e-sign methods invite challenges

Frequent Preparation Errors to Avoid

  • Using vague language like 'do everything possible' rather than specifying treatments leads to inconsistent clinical interpretation and may result in unwanted interventions.
  • Failing to list successor agents or contact details causes delays when the primary agent is unavailable, complicating urgent decisions.
  • Signing without confirming state requirements for witnesses or notarization risks later invalidation during hospital review or probate.
  • Not sharing the directive with clinicians and family means it's unavailable in emergencies; keep copies with providers and the designated agent.

How Electronic Execution Works in Practice

Electronic completion and delivery streamline execution and distribution of the Advance Health Care Directive in clinical workflows.

  • Upload document: Upload a signed PDF to the system.
  • Place fields: Add signature, date, and witness fields.
  • Authenticate: Choose authentication: email, SMS, or KBA.
  • Distribute: Send copies to provider, agent, and family.

Recommended Digital Workflow Settings

Configure signing, authentication, and routing to match state rules and clinical needs when you use an electronic process.

Field Configuration
Signature Type Email link, SMS code, or in-person signing
Authentication Level Email only or SMS OTP; KBA optional
Witness Settings Require 1–2 witnesses or notary if state mandates
Routing Copy to agent and primary clinician upon completion

Platform Requirements for Electronic Directives

Use platforms that support secure e-signature, audit trails, and HIPAA controls for health documents.

  • EHR Integrations: Connects to common EHRs and HIS
  • File Formats: Supports PDF and DOCX
  • Authentication: SMS, email, and advanced options

Timing and Practical Deadlines to Observe

Advance Health Care Directives have no filing deadline, but timing matters for effectiveness, updates, and distribution to providers and agents.

Filing Requirement:

No central filing deadline; keep signed copies with agent and providers.

Effective Date:

Effective on the date signed unless a later date is specified.

Review Cycle:

Review annually or after major health/life changes.

Notarization Timing:

Notarize at signing when state requires; RON may be allowed.

Provider Notification:

Provide copies to clinicians and hospital registration before elective care.

Key Milestones from Draft to Storage

Key milestones from drafting to storage ensure the Advance Health Care Directive is valid, accessible, and honored when needed.

01

Draft Document

Clarify wishes, choose agent, and draft clear instructions.

02

Execute Formally

Sign with required witnesses or notary per state law.

03

Distribute Copies

Share signed copies with agent, clinicians, and family.

04

Record Keeping

Store originals and scanned copies in secure, accessible locations.

Comparing Typical eSignature Vendor Pricing and Features

Compare typical starting prices and key e-sign features across common vendors; signNow appears first per table requirements.

signNow DocuSign Adobe Sign PandaDoc HelloSign
Starting Price $8/user/mo $15/user/mo $14/user/mo $19/user/mo $15/user/mo
Free Trial 7-day free trial, no credit card required Varies Varies Varies Varies
Bulk Send Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Audit Trail Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
HIPAA Compliant Yes Yes Yes No No
Envelope Cap No cap 100 envelopes/user/year Varies Varies Varies

Frequently Asked Questions About Advance Health Care Directives

Answers to frequent questions about validity, witnesses, electronic signatures, and updating your Advance Health Care Directive.


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