§ 23.07 Indemnification—L ong-Form Provi sion
Page 662
Article X—INDE MNIFICAT ION
[Insert the follo wing definitions into the Definitions article.]
“Affiliate” means, with respect to any person or entity, each stockholder, subsidiary, officer, director, agent, and employee of
that person or entity.
“Claim” has the meaning assigned in Section X.09(a).
“Indemnifiable Losses” means the aggregate of Losses and Litigation Expenses.
“Indemnitee” means any person who makes a claim for indemnification under this Article, and each Affiliate of the
Indemnitee.
“Indemnitor” means any person against whom an Indemnitee makes a claim for indemnification under this Article.
“Litigation Expense” means any court filing fee, court cost, arbitration fee or cost, witness fee, and each other fee and cost of
investigating and defending or asserting a claim for indemnification
under this Article, including, without limitation, in each case,
attorneys’ fees, other professionals’ fees, and disbursements.
“Loss” means any liability, loss, claim, settlement payment, cost and expense, interest, award, judgment, damages (including
punitive damages), diminution in value, fines, fees, and penalties or
other charge, other than a Litigation Expense.
“Third Party Claim” has the meaning assigned in Section X.10(a).
Section X.01. Indemni fication of B uyer. Subject to the limitations
set forth in Section X.03 [Survival of Representations and
Warranties], Section X.05 [Basket], Section X.06 [Limitation of
Indemnity Obligations], and Section X.07 [Taxes], Seller and
ParentCo. shall indemnify Buyer against all Indemnifiable Losses
arising out of or relating to any one or more of the following: (a) Any [material] misrepresentation or breach of warranty by
Seller of any representation or warranty set forth in this
Agreement [or any Closing Document that Seller delivered].
(b) Any [material] breach by Seller of any covenant or other agreement set forth in this Agreement [or any Closing
Document that Seller delivered].
(c) Seller’s failure to pay or discharge any Retained Liabilities.
(d) The claim referred to in Item ___ of Section ___ of Seller’s Disclosure Schedule pertaining to the action to hold Seller
responsible for the [insert the disclosed liability against
which Seller will indemnify Buyer].
Section X.02. Indemni fication of Seller. Subject to the limitations
set forth in [the Sections, if any, setting forth the contractual statute
of limitations, the basket, and limitation on indemnity obligations
with respect to indemnification of Seller], Buyer shall indemnify
Seller and ParentCo. against all Indemnifiable Losses arising out of
or relating to any one or more of the following: (a) Any [material] misrepresentation or breach of warranty by
Buyer of any representation or warranty set forth in this
Agreement [or any Closing Document that Buyer delivered].
(b) Any [material] breach by Buyer of any covenant or other agreement set forth in this Agreement [or any Closing
Document that Buyer delivered].
(c) Buyer’s failure to pay or discharge any Assumed Liabilities.
Section X.03. Survival of Representat ions and Warranties.
Except as otherwise provided, the representations and warranties
contained in Article [insert the number of the Article containing
Seller’s representations and warranties] survive the Closing Date to
and including the day immediately preceding the second
anniversary of the Closing Date; except that
(a) the representations and warranties contained in Section [insert the number of the Section that sets forth the
representation and warranty concerning taxes] survive the
Closing Date to and including the 60th day after the
expiration of the applicable statutes of limitation for the
assessment of Taxes;
(b) if any representation or warranty contained in Article [insert the number of the Article containing Seller’s
representations and warranties] is fraudulently given, it
survives the Closing Date for an unlimited period of time; and
(c) any representation or warranty that is the subject of a claim or action survives until either
(i) the claim is resolved or the action is final (including any appeals); or
(ii) payment in respect of any claim or action, if any is owing, is paid, but only if the party asserting the
claim or prosecuting the action gives notice pursuant to Section X.10.
Section X.04. Right to Rely Despite Investigati on. Buyer is
entitled to rely fully upon the representations, warranties, and
covenants of Seller set forth in this Agreement and upon the
accuracy of any [document, certificate, Exhibit or Schedule]
[Transaction Document] given or delivered to Buyer
contemporaneously with the execution of this Agreement or at the
Closing despite, in each instance, (a) any right of Buyer to investigate fully the affairs of Seller; and
(b) any knowledge of facts determined or determinable by
Buyer pursuant to its investigation or right of investigation.
Section X.05. Basket. Buyer is entitled to seek indemnification
under this Article only when the aggregate of its Indemnifiable
Losses exceeds $_______, in which case Seller and ParentCo. shall
indemnify Buyer pursuant to this Article from the first dollar of the
Indemnifiable Losses.
Section X.06. Limitatio n of Indemnity Obligations. The
aggregate obligations of Seller and ParentCo. under this Article are
limited to $_______, except that the obligations are unlimited with
respect to any Indemnifiable Loss arising out of or relating to fraud
or willful misconduct by Seller or ParentCo.
Section X.07. Tax es.
(a)
Net Tax Benefit Payment. If an Indemnitor is liable to an
Indemnitee under this Article, the Indemnitee shall pay the
Indemnitor an amount equal to the value of any net Tax
benefit that the Indemnitee actually realized and used to
reduce its otherwise payable Taxes.
(b)
Purchase Price Adjustmen t. For purposes of determining
the net Tax benefit of any payment to Seller, the payment is
presumed to be a Purchase Price adjustment rather than
constituting taxable income to Seller, unless Buyer
provides Seller an opinion of nationally recognized tax
counsel that the payment should not be treated as a
purchase price adjustment for federal income tax purposes.
(c)
Entitlement to a Gross-Up. An Indemnitor shall increase
its payment to an Indemnitee by the amount calculated
pursuant to subsection (d) if
(i) the Indemnitor is obligated to make a payment to an Indemnitee pursuant to this Article; and
(ii) there is an increase to the tax liability of the Indemnitee as a result of
(A) an Indemnifiable Loss; or
(B) its receipt of a payment pursuant to this Article.
(d)
The Amount of the Gr oss-Up. The Indemnitor shall
increase the payment to the Indemnitee so that
(i) the amount of the payment, including any increase,
minus
(ii) the amount of all taxes payable with respect to its receipt (but taking into account all correlative tax
benefits resulting from an Indemnifiable Loss and its
payment), equals the amount of the payment that the
Indemnitee is otherwise entitled to receive pursuant to this Article.
Section X.08. Exclusivity. The rights and remedies set forth in this
Article constitute the exclusive rights and remedies of Seller,
ParentCo., Buyer and Buyer’s Affiliates with respect to the matters
indemnified under Sections X.01 and X.02.
Section X.09. Non -Third Party C laims.
(a)
Indemnitee to Give Notice of Claim. An Indemnitee shall
notify each Indemnitor in writing, and with reasonable
promptness, of any claim that does not involve a Third
Party Claim (a “Claim”).
(b)
Ramification of Indemni tee’s Failure to Deliver Timely
Notice. It is a condition precedent to an Indemnitor’s
obligation to indemnify an Indemnitee with respect to a
Claim that the Indemnitee perform its obligations under
subsections (a) and (c). However, failure to satisfy the
condition precedent relieves an Indemnitor of its obligation
to indemnify with respect to a Claim only to the extent that
the Indemnitor actually has been prejudiced by the
Indemnitee’s failure to give notice as required.
(c)
Contents of Notice. In the notice delivered pursuant to
subsection (a), an Indemnitee shall include the following:
(i) A description of any claim, event or fact known to the
Indemnitee that gives rise or may give rise to a Claim
by the Indemnitee against an Indemnitor based on this
Agreement, including the nature and basis of the
claim, event or fact and the amount to the extent known.
(ii) A statement in prominent and conspicuous type as follows:
THE INDEMNITEE’S CLAIM IS CONCLUSIVELY
DEEMED A LIABILITY OF THE INDEMNITOR IF
THE INDEMNITOR DOES NOT DISPUTE ITS
LIABILITY BY WRITTEN NOTICE TO THE
INDEMNITEE BEFORE THE END OF THE 30-
DAY PERIOD FOLLOWING THE INDEMNITOR’S RECEIPT OF THE NOTICE OF
THE CLAIM.
(d)
Indemnitor’s Right to Dispute a Claim. An Indemnitor has
the right, by written notice, for a 30-day period, to dispute
its liability to an Indemnitee with respect to a Claim. The
30-day period begins the day after the Indemnitor’s receipt
of the Indemnitee’s notice pursuant to subsection (a) and ends at 5:00 P.M . on the 30th day.
(e)
Good Faith Negotiat ion. If an Indemnitor timely disputes
its liability to an Indemnitee with respect to a Claim, the
Indemnitor and the Indemnitee shall negotiate in good faith
to resolve the dispute.
(f)
Deemed Loss. (i) Circumstances Under Which a Claim Is Deemed a Loss.
The Claim set forth in the notice is conclusively
deemed a Loss of an Indemnitor if
(A) the Indemnitee has provided the Indemnitor notice as required in subsection (c); and
(B) the Indemnitor does not dispute its liability pursuant to subsection (d).
(ii) Payment of Deemed Loss. If a Claim has been deemed
a Loss pursuant to subsection (f)(i), the Indemnitor
shall pay the amount of the Loss to the Indemnitee
(A) on demand; or
(B) on the later date when the amount of the Loss (or a portion of it) becomes finally determined if
the Indemnitee estimated the amount of the Loss
(or any portion of it) in its notice.
(iii) Other Payments. In addition to making the payment
under subsection (f)(ii), the Indemnitor shall make
any other payments required by this Article,
including, without limitation, the payment of the
Indemnitee’s Litigation Expenses.
Section X.10. Th ird Party Claims.
(a)
Notice of Third Party Claim. If any third party makes any
claim or brings any action, suit or proceeding against an
Indemnitee (a “Third Party Claim”) with respect to which
an Indemnitor may have liability, the Indemnitee must
promptly notify the Indemnitor in writing of the Third
Party Claim and deliver to the Indemnitor a copy of the
claim, process, and all legal pleadings with respect to the
Third Party Claim. Receipt of this notice is a condition
precedent to the Indemnitor’s liability with respect to the
Third Party Claim.
(b)
The Indemnitor’s Assu mption of the Defense. If an
Indemnitor wishes to assume the defense of a Third Party
Claim, it shall do so by sending notice of the assumption to
the Indemnitee. The Indemnitor’s assumption of the
defense acknowledges its obligation to indemnify.
Promptly after sending the notice, the Indemnitor shall
choose and employ independent legal counsel of reputable
standing. After sending the notice, the Indemnitor is
entitled to contest, pay, settle or compromise the Third
Party Claim as it determines, subject to the provisions of subsection (e).
(c)
The Indemnitee’s R ight to Undertake Def ense. Despite the
provisions of subsection (b), an Indemnitee is entitled
(i) to participate in the defense of a Third Party Claim; and
(ii) to defend a Third Party Claim with counsel of its own choosing and without the participation of the
Indemnitor if
(A) Indemnitor fails or refuses to defend the Third Party Claim on or before the ___ day after the
Indemnitee has given written notice to the
Indemnitor of the Third Party Claim; or
(B) representation of the Indemnitor and the Indemnitee by the same counsel would, in the
opinion of that counsel, constitute a conflict of interest.
(d)
Litigation Expenses. The Indemnitor shall pay the
Litigation Expenses incurred by the Indemnitee to and
including the date the Indemnitor assumes the defense of
the Third Party Claim. Upon the Indemnitor’s assumption
of the defense of the Third Party Claim, the Indemnitor’s
obligation ceases for any Litigation Expenses the
Indemnitee subsequently incurs in connection with the
defense of the Third Party Claim. Despite the previous
sentence, the Indemnitor is liable for the Indemnitee’s
Litigation Expenses, if
(i) the Indemnitee has employed counsel in accordance with the provisions of subsection (c)(ii); or
(ii) the Indemnitor has authorized in writing the
employment of counsel and stated in that
authorization the dollar amount of Litigation
Expenses for which the Indemnitor is obligated.
(e)
Compromise and Se ttlement of Third P arty Claims.
(i) General Rule. If an Indemnitor assumes the defense
of a Third Party Claim, it may not effect any
compromise or settlement of the Third Party Claim
without the consent of the Indemnitee, and the
Indemnitee has no liability with respect to any
compromise or settlement of a Third Party Claim
effected without its consent.
(ii) Exceptions. Despite the provisions of subsection
(e)(i), an Indemnitor may effect a compromise or
settlement of a Third Party Claim without an
Indemnitee’s consent if the following three conditions
are met:
(A) There is no finding or admission of any violation of law or any violation of the rights of any person and no effect on any other claim that may
be made against the Indemnitee.
(B) The sole relief provided is monetary damages that are paid in full by the Indemnitors.
(C) The compromise or settlement includes, as an unconditional term, the claimant’s or the
plaintiff’s release of the Indemnitee, in form and
substance satisfactory to the Indemnitee, from
all liability in respect of the Third Party Claim.
Section X.11. Third Party Beneficiarie s. The Affiliates of Buyer
are third party beneficiaries of this Agreement in accordance with
its terms. Any modification of this Agreement executed by the
signatories is binding upon these Affiliates, and any action taken or
consent given by Buyer on its own behalf is binding upon the
Affiliates for the purposes of this Agreement. This Agreement is
not intended to, nor may it be deemed to, create any rights of
enforcement in any person who is neither a signatory to this
Agreement nor an Affiliate of Buyer.
Section X.12. Joint and Several Liability. All promises of Seller
and ParentCo. in this Article are joint and several.
Section X.13. Con tribution.
(a)
Agreement to Contribut e. To provide for just and equitable
contribution, each Indemnitor shall contribute to the
Indemnifiable Losses on the basis of the relative fault of
each Indemnitor as set forth in subsection (b); except that
an Indemnitor is in no event required to contribute to all
Indemnitees an aggregate amount in excess of the
Indemnifiable Losses incurred by all Indemnitees.
(b)
Determination of Relative Fault. The relative fault of each
Indemnitor is to be determined by reference to, among other things,
(i) whether the misrepresentations, or alleged
misrepresentations, or the breach of, or alleged breach
of, any warranties, covenants or other agreements contained in this Agreement relate to information
supplied by, or was within the control of, a specific
Indemnitor; and
(ii) each Indemnitor’s relative intent, knowledge, access to information, and opportunity to correct or prevent the breach.
Include the following on the signature page: PARENTCO.
By: _____________________________________________Title: