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Model Form of a Federal Communitization Agreement

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COMMUNITIZATION AGREEMENT

Contract No.

This Agreement, entered into as of the date shown in Section 10 (the “Effective Date”), is between the parties subscribing, ratifying, or consenting to it; those parties being referred to as the “Parties.”

The Act of February 25, 1920 (41 Stat. 437), as amended and supplemented, authorizes communitization or drilling agreements communitizing or pooling all or a portion of a Federal oil and gas lease, with other lands, whether or not owned by the United States, when separate tracts under the Federal lease cannot be independently developed and operated in conformity with an established well-spacing program for the field or area and the communitization or pooling is determined to be in the public interest.

The Parties own working, royalty, other leasehold interests, or operating rights under the oil and gas leases and lands subject to this Agreement which cannot be independently developed and operated in conformity with the well-spacing program established for the field or area in which the lands are located.

The Parties desire to communitize and pool their respective mineral interests in lands subject to this Agreement for the purpose of developing and producing communitized substances in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement.

In consideration of the mutual advantages to the Parties, it is mutually covenanted and agreed by and between the Parties as follows:

1. The lands covered by this Agreement the (“communitized area”) are depicted on the Plat attached to this Agreement as Exhibit “A,” and are described as follows:

containing acres, and this Agreement shall include only the Formation(s) underlying these lands and the , (referred to as “communitized substances,” producible from that Formation(s).

2. Attached to, and a part of this Agreement for all purposes, is Exhibit “B,” designating the operator of the communitized area and showing the acreage, percentage and ownership of oil and gas interests in all lands within the communitized area, and the authorization, if any, for communitizing or pooling any patented or fee lands within the communitized area.

3. All matters of operation shall be governed by the operator under and pursuant to the terms and provisions of this Agreement. A successor operator may be designated by the owners of the working interest in the communitized area, and four (4) executed copies of a designation of successor operator shall be filed with the Authorized Officer.

4. Operator shall furnish the Secretary of the Interior, or his authorized representative, with a log and history of any well drilled on the communitized area, monthly reports of operations, statements of oil and gas sales and royalties and other reports as are deemed necessary to compute monthly the royalty due the United States, as specified in the applicable oil and gas regulations.

5. The communitized area shall be developed and operated as an entirety, with the understanding and agreement between the Parties that all communitized substances produced shall be allocated among the leaseholds comprising the area in the proportion that the acreage interest of each leasehold bears to the entire acreage interest committed to this Agreement.

All proceeds, 8/8ths, attributed to unleased Federal, State or fee land included within the communitized area are to be placed in an interest earning escrow or trust account by the designated operator until the land is leased or ownership is established.

6. The royalties payable on communitized substances allocated to the individual leases comprising the communitized area and the rentals provided for in the leases shall be determined and paid on the basis prescribed in each of the individual leases. Payments of rentals under the terms of leases subject to this Agreement shall not be affected by this Agreement except as provided for under the terms and provisions of the leases or as may be otherwise provided in this Agreement. Except as modified and changed by the terms of this Agreement, the oil and gas leases subject to this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect as originally made and issued. It is agreed that for any Federal lease bearing a sliding or step-scale rate of royalty, the rate shall be determined separately as to production from each communitization agreement to which the lease may be committed, and separately as to any noncommunitized lease production; provided, however, as to leases where the rate of royalty for gas is based on total lease production per day, that rate shall be determined by the sum of all communitized production allocated to a lease plus any noncommunitized lease production.

7. There shall be no obligation on the lessees to offset any well or wells completed in the same formation as covered by this Agreement on separate component tracts into which the communitized area is now or may later be divided, nor shall any lessee be required to measure separately communitized substances by reason of the diverse ownership, but the lessees shall not be released from their obligation to protect the communitized area from drainage of communitized substances by a well or wells which may be drilled offsetting the area.

8. The commencement, completion, continued operation, or production of a well or wells for communitized substances on the communitized area shall be construed and considered as the commencement, completion, continued operation, or production on each and all of the lands within and comprising the communitized area, and operations or production pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed to be operations or production as to each lease committed to this Agreement.

9. Production of communitized substances and disposal of them shall be in conformity with allocation, allotments, and quotas made or fixed by any duly authorized person or regulatory body under applicable Federal or State statutes. This Agreement shall be subject to all applicable Federal and State laws, executive orders, rules, and regulations, and no Party shall suffer a forfeiture or be liable in damages for failure to comply with any of the provisions of this Agreement if the compliance is prevented by, or if the failure results from, compliance with any of those laws, orders, rules, or regulations.

10. The date of this Agreement is , (the “Effective Date”) and it shall become effective as of this date or from the onset of production of communitized substances, whichever is earlier on execution by the necessary Parties, notwithstanding the date of execution, and on approval by the Secretary of the Interior or by his duly authorized representative. It shall remain in force and effect for a period of two (2) years and for as long as communitized substances are, or can be, produced from the communitized area in paying quantities.

Provided, that prior to production in paying quantities from the communitized area and on the fulfillment of all requirements of the Secretary of the Interior, or his duly authorized representative, with respect to any dry hole or abandoned well, this Agreement may be terminated at any time by mutual agreement of the Parties. This Agreement shall not terminate on cessation of production if, within sixty (60) days after that time, reworking or drilling operations on the communitized area are commenced and are then conducted with reasonable diligence during the period of nonproduction. The two (2) year term of this Agreement will not in itself serve to extend the term of any Federal lease which would otherwise expire during that period.

11. The covenants in this Agreement shall be construed to be covenants running with the land with respect to the communitized interests of the Parties and their successors in interests until this Agreement terminates. Any grant, transfer, or conveyance of any land or interest subject to this Agreement, whether voluntary or not, shall be and is conditioned on the assumption of all obligations of this Agreement by the grantee, transferee, or other successor in interest, and as to Federal land shall be subject to approval by the Secretary of the Interior, or his duly authorized representative.

12. It is agreed between the Parties that the Secretary of the Interior, or his duly authorized representative, shall have the right of supervision over all fee and State mineral operations within the communitized area to the extent necessary to monitor production and measurement, and assure that no avoidable loss of hydrocarbons occurs in which the United States has an interest pursuant to applicable oil and gas regulations of the Department of the Interior relating to the production and measurement.

13. This Agreement shall be binding on the Parties and shall extend to and be binding on their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors, and assigns.

14. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, no one of which needs to be executed by all parties, or may be ratified or consented to by separate instrument, in writing, specifically referring to it, and shall be binding on all Parties who have executed a counterpart, ratification or consent with the same force and effect as if all Parties had signed the same document.

The Parties have executed this Agreement to be effective as of the Effective Date provided in numbered paragraph 10., and have set opposite their respective names the date of execution.

WORKING INTEREST OWNER

Name:

Date:

Signature:

(Acknowledgment for each Signing Party)

Notary/Acknowledgment:

EXHIBIT “A”

Plat of communitized area covering the following lands:

(NOTE: Show well location and tract numbers, in addition to ownership and tract acreage.)

EXHIBIT “B”

To Communitization Agreement dated to be effective , embracing the following lands:

Operator of Communitized Area:

DESCRIPTION OF LEASES COMMITTED

Tract No. 1

Lease Serial No.:

Lease Date:

Lease Term:

Lessor:

Original Lessee:

Present Lessee:

Description of Land Committed:

Number of Acres:

Royalty Rate:

Name and Percent ORRI Owners:

Name and Percent WI Owners:

Tract No. 2

Lease Serial No.:

Lease Date:

Lease Term:

Lessor(s):

Lessee on effective date of agreement if different from present lessee:

Present Lessee:

Description of Land Committed:

Number of Acres:

Pooling Clause:

Basic Royalty Rate:

Name and Percent ORRI Owners:

Name and Percent WI Owners:

RECAPITULATION

Tract No.

1

2

Total

No. of Acres Committed

Percentage of Interest in Communitized Area

Enter text✕

What the Model Form of a Federal Communitization Agreement Is

The Model Form of a Federal Communitization Agreement is a standardized legal template used to pool interests in oil and gas leases covering adjacent tracts or parts of a reservoir on federal lands. It allocates rights and responsibilities among lease owners, appoints an operator where applicable, sets the basis for production measurement and royalty accounting, and identifies the legal description of included leases and tract percentages. Federal agencies review executed agreements for legal sufficiency, operator qualifications, and compliance with lease terms and federal regulations before recognizing pooled production and royalty allocations.

Why the Federal Model Form Matters for Lease Holders

Using the model form provides a consistent legal framework that clarifies allocation of production, duties of the operator, and royalty distributions while helping satisfy federal review requirements.

Why the Federal Model Form Matters for Lease Holders

Core Sections You’ll Find in the Model Form

A complete model form organizes rights, duties, and technical exhibits so parties and agencies can evaluate pooling, operator authority, and revenue allocation without ambiguity.

Parties

Identifies all lessors, lessees, and their capacity to sign; includes entity type and contact information for notices and remittances.

Legal Description

Provides township, range, section, and lease serial numbers with attached plats or maps to define the pooled area precisely and avoid boundary disputes.

Interest Allocation

Specifies participating percentages, working interest splits, and royalty burdens so production allocation and payments can be calculated consistently.

Operator Duties

Sets operator responsibilities for operations, reporting, budgeting, access, insurance, and environmental compliance, plus procedures for operator change.

Royalties and Accounting

Explains royalty computation, allowable costs, measurement standards, and audit rights to protect revenue interests and ensure transparency.

Term and Termination

States effective date, term, conditions for termination, and effects on ongoing production and post-termination accounting obligations.

Step-by-Step: Fill, Sign, and File the Model Form

Follow these sequential steps to prepare an enforceable, agency-acceptable communitization agreement and reduce the chance of return for corrections.

  • 01
    Gather Documents: Collect leases, title opinions, plats, and prior pooling agreements required as exhibits.
  • 02
    Complete Form: Enter parties, legal descriptions, participation percentages, operator details, and attach exhibits.
  • 03
    Obtain Signatures: Have authorized representatives sign in their legal capacity; notarize if required by agency or state rules.
  • 04
    Submit to Agency: File the executed agreement and attachments with the appropriate federal agency for review and approval.

Who Commonly Prepares and Signs This Agreement

In many transactions, counsel or a designated land agent coordinates signatures, exhibits, and the formal filing to minimize processing delays.

  • Operators and landmen responsible for operations, title verification, and reporting to federal agencies.
  • Lessors and royalty owners who must approve allocations and sign or join the agreement as required.
  • Federal agency reviewers and contracts staff who accept or reject submissions based on regulatory compliance.

Authorized Signers and Their Roles

Operator Representative

Typically the company officer or authorized land manager who can bind the operating company and commit to operational obligations under the agreement.

Title Holder

An owner or authorized agent with authority to agree to pooled allocation and royalty terms; often requires proof of capacity or corporate resolution.

Data Security and Compliance Considerations

Encryption: TLS 1.2/1.3 in transit; AES-256 at rest.
Audit Trail: Tamper-evident logs, timestamps, and signer IP capture.
Regulatory Certs: SOC 2 Type II and ISO 27001 certified controls.
HIPAA Support: HIPAA-eligible with BAA where PHI applies.
ESIGN/UETA: Compliant with ESIGN Act and UETA frameworks.
21 CFR Support: Supports 21 CFR Part 11 requirements where applicable.

Preparing the Document for Digital Workflows

Ensure the model form and all exhibits are in machine-readable formats before starting an electronic workflow.

  • Integrations: Salesforce, NetSuite, and Google Workspace supported.
  • File Formats: PDF and DOCX accepted for fillable forms.
  • Access Controls: SSO and role-based permissions available.

Typical Digital Workflow Settings for eCompletion

Configure authentication, signature fields, and attachments so agency reviewers receive a complete package that mirrors a paper submission.

Field Configuration
Authentication Email link with optional SMS code or advanced KBA.
Signature Fields Signature, initials, date, and capacity fields configured.
Conditional Logic Show or hide sections based on party type selection.
Attachments Attach plats, title opinions, and prior agreements as PDFs.

Where and How to File the Executed Agreement

After signatures are obtained, route the signed agreement and supporting exhibits to the correct federal office or unit that administers the affected leases.

  • Determine Agency: Identify BLM, BOEM, or other responsible federal agency depending on land or offshore location.
  • Prepare Filing: Include executed agreement, plats, title opinion, and supporting certifications.
  • Submit Package: File per the agency's submission guidelines, electronic or physical as required.
  • Await Review: Agency will review legal sufficiency and notify parties of acceptance or required corrections.

Typical Timelines and Agency Processing Expectations

Timelines vary by agency workload and completeness of the submission; plan for multiple review cycles when exhibits or title matters require clarification.

Preparation Time:

Allow 2–6 weeks to gather plats, title opinions, and execute signatures.

Agency Initial Review:

Typical agency review window is 30–90 days depending on complexity and backlog.

Correction Cycle:

If deficiencies are found, expect additional 30–60 days for resubmission and re-review.

Effective Recognition:

Agency acceptance sets the effective recognition date for pooling and royalty allocation.

Recording or Filing:

Recording or filing timelines vary; check agency instructions for final submission steps.

Key Milestones in Agreement Processing

Track milestone steps from draft to agency acceptance to ensure obligations begin and royalties are allocated on schedule.

01

Draft and Internal Review

Finalize language, exhibits, and internal approvals before external signatures.

02

Execution and Notarization

Collect authorized signatures and notarizations as required by law or agency guidance.

03

Agency Submission

Submit complete package according to agency filing rules and include contact information.

04

Agency Acceptance

Agency issues acceptance or requests corrections; acceptance confirms pooling recognition.

Common Mistakes to Avoid When Preparing the Agreement

  • Using inconsistent legal names or acronyms across pages that create ambiguity about party identity and signing authority.
  • Failing to attach accurate plats or lease serial numbers, which delays agency review and can exclude tracts.
  • Entering participation percentages that do not sum to 100.00%, causing allocation and accounting disputes.
  • Skipping notarization or required witness steps where an agency or state law mandates them for record acceptance.

Potential Consequences of an Incorrect or Incomplete Agreement

Invalidation: Agreement may be rejected and treated as non-pooling.
Royalty Adjustments: Misallocation can trigger restitution or audit adjustments.
Regulatory Fines: Noncompliance may result in monetary penalties.
Litigation: Title or allocation disputes can lead to costly lawsuits.
Operational Delay: Production allocation and payments may be held pending resolution.
Fraud Exposure: Intentional misstatements risk severe civil or criminal sanctions.

Practical Tips for Accurate and Efficient Completion

Adopt consistent internal checklists and standard exhibits to reduce review cycles and accelerate agency acceptance.

Verify Legal Names
Confirm each party’s exact legal form and authorized signer with formation documents to avoid signature rework and agency rejection.
Attach Complete Exhibits
Include plats, title opinions, and previous agreements in clean, bookmarked PDFs to streamline agency review and retrieval.
Use Clear Allocation Tables
Provide a simple schedule that sums to 100.00% and explains burdens or deductions to prevent accounting disputes.
Document Authority
Attach corporate resolutions or power of attorney documents when signatories execute in an agent capacity.

Real-World Examples of Digital Agreement Workflows

The following examples show how organizations used digital signing and structured templates to manage complex multi-party agreements.

Optica Ventures

Their team standardized the form and attachments for repeat use

  • used templates to reduce drafting time
  • The interface was simple for internal teams and customers, improving turnaround and reducing submission errors.

Martin Properties

Converted paper-based agreements to a reusable digital template

  • applied role-based signer sequences
  • Executed forms were processed mobile or offline, enabling efficient completion across remote signers.

Pricing Comparison for eSignature Solutions Suitable for Agreement Execution

Below is a concise vendor comparison focused on starting price, trial availability, bulk send, audit trail, HIPAA support, and envelope limits with signNow listed first.

signNow DocuSign Adobe Sign PandaDoc HelloSign
Starting Price $8/user/mo $15/user/mo $14/user/mo $19/user/mo $15/user/mo
Free Trial 7-day free trial, no credit card required Varies by vendor Varies by vendor Varies by vendor Varies by vendor
Bulk Send Yes (Business Premium and above) Yes Yes Yes No
Audit Trail Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
HIPAA Compliant Yes (BAA available) Yes Yes No No
Envelope Cap No envelope cap 100 envelopes/user/year limit Varies by plan Varies by plan Varies by plan

How a Communitization Agreement Differs from Unitization

These two pooling instruments serve related purposes but have distinct legal and operational effects often relevant to federal lease administration.

Criteria Communitization Agreement Unitization Agreement
Purpose flexible pooling between adjacent leases formal unit covering entire reservoir
Scope specific tracts and percentages broad reservoir-wide allocation
Approvals executed by parties; agency review required often subject to more extensive statutory approval
Duration typically tied to production and lease terms often continues for reservoir life

Frequently Asked Questions About the Model Form

Answers to common procedural and legal questions to help parties avoid delays and ensure enforceability with federal agency reviewers.


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