Differential Regulation of Exocytosis by and SNAPs Jneurosci Form

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cells transport material in and out across their cell membrane which is a barrier made up of a double layer of lipids with embedded protein and carbohydrate components some molecules can diffuse across the membrane or be transported across with the help of membrane-bound proteins for transport of larger cargo however cells use endocytosis and exocytosis to transport material in and out of the cell respectively there are roughly five categories of molecule that try to get across the cell membrane small nonpolar molecules like oxygen or carbon dioxide are able to diffuse rapidly through the cell membrane small polar molecules like water can cross as well but do so very slowly large nonpolar molecules like vitamin a are also very slow to cross the cell membrane and large polar molecules like glucose and highly polar charged ions like sodium potassium and chloride as well as molecules that possess a charge like amino acids are all highly unlikely to get across a cell membrane on their own