Dependence and Form

Instructions and help about Dependence And

Opioids refer to a class of drugs that act  via opioid receptors in the nervous system   to relieve pain. The term “opioid” includes: - Endogenous opioids occurring naturally in the   human body such as endorphins, - Opiates found in the opium   poppy plant such as morphine, - Synthetic and semi-synthetic opioids.  The major function of endogenous opioids is to  modulate pain signals. They are synthesized in   response to pain stimuli and exert their effects  by binding to opioid receptors in the brain,   spinal cord and peripheral nerves.  In the brain, they also increase   dopamine release, producing euphoric effects. Opioid analgesics such as morphine and fentanyl   mimic the action of endogenous opioids. They  are powerful painkillers and are commonly used   to manage severe pain. Continuous use, however,  may lead to tolerance and dependence. Opioids   slow down breathing and overdose can be fatal.  Their psychoactive effects also make them common