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Vacant Land Disclosure Statement

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Vacant Land Disclosure Statement

Original to Listing Broker; Copies to Seller, Buyer, Selling Broker

IF YOU DO NOT UNDERSTAND THIS DOCUMENT, PLEASE CONSULT AN ATTORNEY

Date: Page of

This seller’s disclosure statement concerns the real property located in the City of County of State of described as

Notice to Seller: Each Seller is obligated to disclose to a buyer all known facts that materially and adversely affect the value of the property being sold and that are not readily observable. This disclosure statement is designed to assist Seller in complying with disclosure requirements and to assist Buyer in evaluating the property being considered. The listing real estate broker, the selling real estate broker and their respective agents will also rely upon this information when they evaluate market and present Seller’s property to prospective buyers.

Notice to Buyer: This is a disclosure of Seller’s knowledge of the condition of the property as of the date signed by Seller and is not a substitute for any inspections, tests or other investigation or warranties that Buyer may wish to obtain. It is not a warranty of any kind by Seller or a warranty or representation by listing broker, the selling broker, or their agents.

A. Survey, Easement, and Flooding

1. When did you purchase this land?

2. Has the land been surveyed?

If yes, year surveyed

3. What company or person performed the survey?

Name:

Street Address:

City State

Zip Code Phone:

4. Is there a survey available?

5. If this is platted land? Has a certificate of survey been completed?

If yes, by whom?

If yes, when was the survey completed?

6. Are there any encroachments or boundary line disputes?

7. Are there any easements other than utility or drainage easements?

8. Is the property in a designated 100 year flood plain or wetland area?

9. Has there ever been a flood or other disaster at the property?

10. Have there ever been any drainage problems affecting this property or adjacent properties?

11. Is the property in an earthquake zone?

12. Give details if any of Questions 5 through 10 were answered YES.

13. Are there any navigation easements?

B. Use Restrictions

1. Do any of the following types of covenants, conditions, or restrictions affect the land?

A. Subdivision or other recorded covenants, conditions, or restrictions?

B. A right of first refusal to purchase?

C. Local municipality?

2. If any of the above Questions B-1 is answered YES do you have written copies of these covenants, conditions, or restrictions?

List which documents you have:

3. Have you ever received notice from any person or authority as to any breach of any of these covenants, conditions or restrictions?

If “YES”, describe:

C. Condition of the Property

1. Are there any structure improvements, or personal property located in the sale?

If “YES” list all items:

2. Are there any defects or problems with any of these items?

If “YES” describe all problems and defects:

3. Are there any abandoned wells, buried storage tanks, or buried debris or waste on the property?

If YES give details:

4. Is there any hazardous or toxic substance (including radon) in or on this property or any adjacent property?

If YES give details:

5. Have any soil tests been performed?

When? By Whom?

Results:

6. Does the property have any fill or un-compacted soils?

If YES describe location and depth

7. Are there any settling or soil movement problems on this property or any adjacent property?

If YES give details:

8. Are there any dead or diseased trees on the property?

If YES give details:

D. Utilities

1. Have any percolation tests been performed?

If YES, When? By Whom?

Results:

2. Are any of the following presently existing within the property?

A. Connection to public water?

B. Connection to public sewer?

C. Connection to private water system off property?

D. A water well?

E. Septic tank?

F. Connection to electricity?

G. Connection to natural gas services?

3. Are any of the following presently existing at the boundary of the property?

A. Public water system access?

B. Private water system access?

C. Electric service access?

D. Natural gas access?

E. Telephone system access?

4. Have any utility access charges been paid?

If “YES” which charges have been paid?

E. Other Matters

1. Is there a Homeowners Association?

2. If yes, what are the dues or assessments? $ paid

3. Is there road maintenance?

4. Are there any recorded maintenance agreements?

5. Is there a bus or other public transportation system?

Where is the pick up?

Is there anything else that may materially and adversely affect the value or desirability of the property, e.g., pending claims or litigation, notice from any governmental authority for violation of any law or regulation, proposed zoning changes, street changes, threat of condemnation, or neighborhood noise or nuisance?

If YES give details:

F. SELLER’S STATEMENT (To be signed at time of listing)

The undersigned Seller represents that the information set forth in the foregoing disclosure statement is accurate and complete. Sellers do not intend this disclosure statement to be a warranty or guaranty of any kind. Seller hereby authorizes that this information be provided to prospective buyers of this property and to the real estate brokers and sales people. Seller understands and agrees that Seller will notify in writing immediately if any information set forth in this disclosure statement becomes inaccurate or incorrect in any way through the passage of time or the discovery of additional information.

Printed Name of Seller

Signature of Seller

Printed Name of Seller

Signature of Seller

Witness our signatures this the day of , 20 .

G. BUYER’S RECEIPT AND ACKNOWLEDGMENT (To be signed at time of purchase agreement)

I carefully inspected the property. I have been advised to have the property examined by professional inspectors and to investigate every aspect of the property which could be important to me. I acknowledge that neither any Broker or Agent involved in this transaction is an expert at detecting the condition of the property or its suitability for my intended use.

I understand that unless stated otherwise in my contract with Seller, the property is being sold in its present condition only, without warranties or guarantees of any kind by Seller or any Broker or Agent. I state that no representations concerning the condition of the property are being relied upon by me except as disclosed or stated within the sales contract.

Printed Name of Buyer

Signature of Buyer

Printed Name of Buyer

Signature of Buyer

Property Address:

Enter text

What the Vacant Land Disclosure Statement Is and when it applies

A Vacant Land Disclosure Statement is a seller-provided document that lists known conditions, restrictions, utilities, environmental factors, and other material facts affecting an undeveloped parcel. It informs prospective buyers about matters such as access, easements, floodplain status, septic and well availability, zoning limitations, and known hazards. The form supplements contract terms by allocating disclosure obligations and creating a written record of seller statements prior to closing, helping reduce post-closing disputes over undisclosed defects or regulatory limitations.

Why a clear disclosure matters for vacant land transactions

A complete Vacant Land Disclosure Statement reduces buyer uncertainty and documents seller knowledge; it supports contract integrity and can limit later claims.

Why a clear disclosure matters for vacant land transactions

Who completes and relies on the Vacant Land Disclosure Statement

Sellers, listing agents, buyers, and closing attorneys commonly rely on this document during offers and due diligence.

  • Sellers and listing agents preparing facts about the parcel and attachments
  • Buyers and buyers' agents verifying utilities, access, and zoning before offer acceptance
  • Title companies and closing attorneys reviewing disclosures during escrow

Core sections to include in a professional disclosure

A professional Vacant Land Disclosure Statement is organized, factual, and accompanied by supporting exhibits such as surveys or permits.

Property ID

Parcel number and legal description including lot, block, county, and recorded plat references to ensure precise identification.

Access & Roads

Describe public or private road access, maintenance agreements, recorded easements, gated access, and any unresolved right-of-way disputes.

Utilities

List available utilities or lack thereof — electric, water, sewer/septic, well, and broadband — and any required offsite improvements.

Environmental

Disclose known contamination, wetlands, floodplain classification, sinkholes, or past use that could trigger state or federal remediation rules.

Zoning & Use

Note current zoning, conditional use permits, building setbacks, minimum lot sizes, and known restrictions limiting development potential.

Encumbrances

Include mortgages, liens, covenants, HOA restrictions, mineral rights reservations, and pending legal claims affecting title or use.

Essential data elements to collect and verify

Seller identity: Full legal name
Parcel details: Parcel number
Property address: Street/city/state/ZIP
Date of disclosure: MM/DD/YYYY
Known hazards: Environmental flags
Signature: Signed and dated

Step-by-step: completing and delivering the disclosure

Follow these sequential actions to prepare, verify, and deliver the Vacant Land Disclosure Statement for an offer or closing.

  • 01
    Gather records: Collect surveys, permits, and title information before drafting.
  • 02
    Draft disclosure: Complete fields with factual, non-speculative statements.
  • 03
    Attach evidence: Include surveys, municipal letters, or environmental reports.
  • 04
    Sign and distribute: Execute signatures, then deliver to buyer and title agent.

Configuring an online workflow for the disclosure

Set up a simple electronic workflow to collect signatures, track versions, and provide copies to all parties.

Field Configuration
Document template Create a reusable disclosure template in PDF or DOCX
Signer order Set seller signs first, then buyer reviews
Authentication Use email or SMS code for signer attribution
Delivery Auto-send final signed PDF to buyer, seller, and title company

Typical routing: from seller completion to title review

A streamlined routing ensures the disclosure is available to the buyer, title company, and escrow before closing.

  • Seller fills: Seller completes fields and attaches exhibits
  • eSign collection: Seller executes signature electronically or in writing
  • Buyer review: Buyer and agent receive and review the disclosure
  • Title check: Title company confirms encumbrances and notes

Digital signing and delivery considerations

Use an e-signature platform that preserves an audit trail, supports common file types, and allows attachments.

  • File formats: PDF and DOCX supported
  • Integrations: Works with major CRMs and storage
  • Authentication: Email, SMS, or KBA options

Common timing expectations for disclosure and review

Timelines vary by contract and jurisdiction; include key dates in the purchase agreement and follow contract notice provisions closely.

Upon offer:

Seller provides disclosure with the purchase offer or within the period specified in the contract

Buyer review period:

Buyer typically has a due diligence window to inspect and verify disclosures

Pre-closing:

Title company must receive final signed disclosure before closing to resolve issues

Contract contingencies:

Discrepancies may trigger the buyer's contingency remedies

Record updates:

If facts change materially, update disclosure and re-notify buyer promptly

Key milestones from listing to closing

Track these milestones to ensure the disclosure is completed, reviewed, and accepted before escrow closes.

01

Listing Preparation

Seller compiles records and prepares the disclosure document

02

Offer & Delivery

Disclosure is delivered with or shortly after the buyer's offer

03

Due Diligence

Buyer inspects property, obtains surveys, and requests clarifications

04

Closing Readiness

Title and escrow confirm no unresolved disclosure issues

Common preparation pitfalls to avoid

  • Leaving fields vague or speculative rather than limited to known facts, which invites disputes.
  • Failing to attach recent surveys or permit records that substantiate statements about access or utilities.
  • Using inconsistent names or parcel identifiers that do not match title records, delaying closing.
  • Overlooking local ordinances or zoning restrictions that materially affect development potential.

Potential risks and legal consequences of incomplete disclosure

Buyer remedies: Rescission or damages possible
Title defects: Unresolved encumbrances impede closing
Contract breach: Seller may be liable for indemnity
Insurance impact: Claims can affect title insurance coverage
Regulatory fines: Environmental violations can trigger penalties
Closing delays: Disclosures issues extend escrow timelines

Comparison: eSignature platforms commonly used for real estate disclosures

Basic vendor pricing and capabilities for e-signing disclosures. signNow is listed first per vendor-comparison convention; verify vendor plans and terms with the provider before purchase.

signNow DocuSign Adobe Sign PandaDoc HelloSign
Starting Price $8/user/mo $15/user/mo $14/user/mo $19/user/mo $15/user/mo
Free Trial Yes, 7-day trial Yes Yes Yes Yes
Bulk Send Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Audit Trail Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
HIPAA Compliant Yes Yes Yes No No

Real-world examples of disclosure use in vacant land deals

These short examples show how sellers and advisors have used disclosures to resolve common issues and speed transactions.

Martin Properties — remote execution

Martin Properties prepared disclosures with attached surveys to support remote sales

  • saved travel time and reduced courier delays
  • the completed disclosure and exhibits enabled a faster title review and avoided a last-minute closing postponement by clearly documenting access and easement terms.

Optica Ventures — evidence-backed statements

Optica Ventures attached municipal sewer availability letters to the disclosure

  • clarified utility expectations for buyers
  • including authoritative attachments reduced renegotiation requests and helped the buyer secure financing based on documented utility access.

Frequently asked questions about Vacant Land Disclosure Statements

Answers to common questions on completion, signatures, electronic delivery, and recordkeeping for vacant land disclosures.


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