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Stock Purchase Agreement

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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

Appendix A

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (hereinafter called this “Agreement”), dated as of , 1993 between , a Maryland corporation (“BTR”) and , a real estate investment trust organized under the laws of the State of Maryland (the “Trust”).

RECITALS

WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of BTR and the Board of Trustees of the Trust each have determined that it is in the best interests of their respective shareholders to effect the merger provided for herein upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein;

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises, and the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained herein the parties agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

THE MERGER; CLOSING; EFFECTIVE TIME

1.1. The Merger. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, at the Effective Time (as defined in Section 1.3), BTR shall be merged with and into the Trust and the separate corporate existence of BTR shall thereupon cease (the “Merger”). The Trust shall be the surviving entity in the Merger and shall continue to be governed by the laws of the State of Maryland.

1.2. Closing. The closing of the Merger (the “Closing”) shall take place at the offices of Gordon, Feinblatt, Rothman, Hoffberger & Hollander, 233 E. Redwood Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202 at 10:00 A.M. on the first business day on which the last of the conditions set forth in Section 6.1 hereof is either satisfied or waived, or at such other place and time and/or on such other date as BTR and the Trust may agree.

1.3. Effective Time. Following the Closing, and provided that this Agreement has not been terminated or abandoned pursuant to Article VII hereof, BTR and the Trust will, at such time as they deem advisable, cause Articles of Merger to be executed, acknowledged and filed for record with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland (“SDAT”) as provided in Section 3-107 of the MGCL and Section 8-501.1 of the Maryland REIT Statute. The Merger shall become effective at the time and on the date on which the Articles of Merger are accepted for record by SDAT or at such later time as may be specified in the Articles of Merger.

ARTICLE II

DECLARATION OF TRUST AND BYLAWS OF THE SURVIVING CORPORATION

2.1. Declaration of Trust. The Declaration of Trust of the Trust in effect at the Effective Time shall be the Declaration of Trust of the Surviving Entity, until duly amended in accordance with the terms thereof and the Maryland REIT Statute.

2.2. The Bylaws. The Bylaws of the Trust in effect at the Effective Time shall be the Bylaws of the Surviving Entity, until duly amended in accordance with the terms thereof and the Maryland REIT Statute.

ARTICLE III

TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE SURVIVING CORPORATION

3.1. Trustees and Officers. The trustees and officers of the Trust at the Effective Time shall, from and after the Effective Time, be the trustees and officers, respectively, of the Surviving Entity until their successors have been duly elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance with the Surviving Entity’s Declaration of Trust and Bylaws.

ARTICLE IV

EFFECT OF THE MERGER ON CAPITAL STOCK; EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES

4.1. Effect on Capital Stock. At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder of any capital stock of BTR:

(a) Every three shares of the common stock, par value $.01 per share, of BTR issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time other than shares for which appraisal rights, if any, shall have been asserted, shall be converted into one validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable common share of beneficial interest, par value $.01 per share, of the Trust. No fractional Trust Shares shall be issued; cash shall be paid in lieu thereof.

(b) All outstanding BTR Shares shall no longer be outstanding and shall be canceled, retired and shall cease to exist.

(c) At the Effective Time, each Trust Share held by BTR immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be canceled and retired without payment of any consideration therefor.

(d) Each option or other right to purchase or otherwise acquire BTR Shares, pursuant to stock option or other stock-based plans of BTR, granted and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be assumed by the Trust and converted into a right to purchase or otherwise acquire Trust Shares.

4.2. Exchange of Certificates for BTR Shares.

(a) Exchange Agent. As of the Effective Time, BTR shall deposit with an exchange agent for the benefit of the holders of BTR Shares, certificates representing the Trust Shares to be issued pursuant to Section 4.1 in exchange for outstanding BTR Shares.

(b) Exchange Procedures. Promptly after the Effective Time, the Surviving Entity shall cause the Exchange Agent to mail to each holder of record of a BTR Certificate a letter of transmittal specifying the procedures for surrender and exchange.

(c) Transfers. After the Effective Time, there shall be no transfers on the stock transfer books of BTR of any BTR Shares which were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time.

(d) Termination of Exchange Fund. Any portion of the Exchange Fund that remains unclaimed by the stockholders of BTR for six months after the Effective Time shall be paid to the Surviving Entity.

(e) No Liability. In the event any BTR Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon affidavit and, if required, bond, the Exchange Agent will issue replacement Trust Shares and cash in lieu of fractional shares.

ARTICLE V

COVENANTS

5.1. Stock Exchange Listing. The Trust shall use its best efforts to cause the Trust Shares to be issued in the Merger to be approved for listing on the , subject to official notice of issuance, prior to the Closing Date.

5.2. Indemnification; Directors’ and Officers’ Insurance. From and after the Effective Time, the Surviving Entity agrees that it will indemnify and hold harmless, and advance expenses to, each Trustee and officer of the Trust, and each director and officer of BTR, against losses, claims, damages or liabilities to the fullest extent permitted by law.

ARTICLE VI

CONDITIONS

6.1. Conditions to Each Party’s Obligation to Effect the Merger. The respective obligations of the Trust and BTR to consummate the Merger are subject to the fulfillment of each of the following conditions:

(a) Stockholder Approval.

(1) This Agreement shall have been duly approved by holders of two-thirds of the BTR Shares issued and outstanding as of the record date for such vote and entitled to vote upon the Merger.

(2) Prior to the Merger, BTR shall not have received notice from holders of 10% or more of the issued and outstanding BTR Shares stating such stockholders objection to the Merger.

(b) Stock Exchange Listing. The Trust Shares issuable to BTR stockholders pursuant to this Agreement shall have been authorized for listing on the Stock Exchange referred to in Section 5.1 above upon official notice of issuance.

(c) Public Offering. The Trust shall have successfully completed and closed a public offering of its Trust Shares and/or convertible debentures in the aggregate amount of approximately $60,000,000 to $100,000,000 and shall have loaned to BTR such funds as may be necessary for BTR to curtail at least $50,000,000 of its existing indebtedness.

(d) Special Dividend. BTR shall have distributed to its stockholders an amount equal to all of its Subchapter C accumulated earnings and profits as determined for Federal income tax purposes.

ARTICLE VII

TERMINATION

7.1. Termination by Mutual Consent. This Agreement may be terminated and the Merger may be abandoned at any time prior to the Effective Time, before or after the approval by holders of BTR Shares, by the mutual consent of the Board of Directors of BTR and the Board of Trustees of the Trust.

7.2. Effect of Termination and Abandonment. In the event of termination of this Agreement and abandonment of the Merger pursuant to this Article VII, no party hereto shall have any liability or further obligation to any other party to this Agreement.

ARTICLE VIII

MISCELLANEOUS AND GENERAL

8.1. Modification or Amendment. Subject to the applicable provisions of the MGCL and the Maryland REIT Statute, at any time prior to the Effective Time, the parties hereto may modify or amend this Agreement, by written agreement executed and delivered by duly authorized officers of the respective parties.

8.2. Waiver of Conditions. The conditions to each of the parties’ obligations to consummate the Merger are for the sole benefit of such party and may be waived by such party in whole or in part to the extent permitted by applicable law.

8.3. Counterparts. For the convenience of the parties hereto, this Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each such counterpart being deemed to be an original instrument, and all such counterparts shall together constitute the same agreement.

8.4. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Maryland.

8.5. No Third Party-Beneficiaries. Except as provided in Section 5.2, this Agreement is not intended to confer upon any person other than the parties hereto any rights or remedies hereunder.

8.6. Captions. The Article, Section and paragraph captions herein are for convenience of reference only and do not constitute part of this Agreement.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the duly authorized officers of the parties hereto on the date first hereinabove written.

BTR REALTY, INC.

Attest:

By:

Title:

MID-ATLANTIC REALTY TRUST

Attest:

By:

Title:

Enter text✕

What a Stock Purchase Agreement Is and when it's used

A Stock Purchase Agreement (SPA) is a legally binding contract that documents the transfer of equity from a seller to a buyer, specifying the number of shares, purchase price, closing conditions, representations and warranties, and any post-closing obligations. SPAs govern private and public transactions, outline escrow or payment mechanics, and allocate risk between parties. They are used in acquisitions, venture financing, shareholder buyouts, and secondary sales, and should align with corporate governance requirements, securities laws, and tax reporting obligations.

Why a clear Stock Purchase Agreement matters

A well-drafted SPA allocates risk, clarifies price and share mechanics, preserves regulatory compliance, and reduces post-closing disputes. It also documents approvals required under corporate bylaws and state corporation law. Electronic execution is generally valid under the ESIGN Act (15 U.S.C. §7001) and UETA (1999) when intent, consent, attribution, and retention are demonstrable.

Why a clear Stock Purchase Agreement matters

Who prepares and signs a Stock Purchase Agreement

Typical participants include corporate officers, investors, counsel, and closing agents who manage approvals, transfer mechanics, and closing deliverables.

  • Private-company founders and management teams arranging equity sales to investors or employees.
  • Individual and institutional investors completing secondary purchases or venture financings.
  • Corporate counsel and outside attorneys who negotiate representations, indemnities, and closing conditions.

The SPA requires coordination among legal, finance, and corporate recordkeeping teams to ensure accurate transfer, tax reporting, and issue of certificates or book-entry adjustments.

Key signer roles

Buyer — Lead Investor

The buyer (or lead investor) reviews purchase price, representations, and closing mechanics, confirms funding sources, and ensures that required corporate approvals have been obtained before wiring funds.

Seller — Corporate Officer

The seller or company representative confirms authorized share issuance or transfer, delivers corporate approvals and board resolutions, coordinates share certificates or book-entry instructions, and signs warranty clauses.

Core sections every professional SPA should include

A standard SPA groups essential terms to make obligations, risks, and timing clear for both parties and any third parties involved in closing.

Parties

Full legal names and entity types for buyer(s) and seller(s); include jurisdiction of formation and contact details to ensure enforceability and proper corporate authority checks.

Purchase Price

Exact dollar amount, allocation per share, payment mechanics, escrow instructions, any adjustments, and conditions for release of funds or escrowed amounts.

Shares and Transfer

Number and class of shares, certificate numbers or book-entry instructions, and any legends or transfer restrictions that affect deliverability.

Representations and Warranties

Seller and buyer statements on authority, title, capitalization, and absence of undisclosed liabilities; survival period and materiality qualifiers are included here.

Closing Conditions

Conditions precedent for closing, including corporate approvals, regulatory consents, third-party consents, and delivery of closing documents.

Indemnities and Remedies

Allocation of post-closing liabilities, caps, baskets, notice procedures, and dispute resolution mechanisms such as arbitration or governing law.

Step-by-step: completing and closing a Stock Purchase Agreement

Follow these sequential steps to prepare, execute, and close a stock purchase with minimal friction.

  • 01
    Prepare: Assemble SPA, exhibits, and corporate approvals for review.
  • 02
    Authorize: Obtain board and shareholder approvals required under bylaws.
  • 03
    Execute: Sign SPA and related documents via secure eSignature or ink signature.
  • 04
    Close: Exchange funds, transfer shares, and deliver closing certificates.

Electronic submission and signature workflow for the SPA

Typical eSigning workflows follow a predictable path from upload through completion, capturing an auditable trail at each step.

  • Upload Document: Add SPA PDF or DOCX and attach exhibits for reference.
  • Place Fields: Add signature, date, and initial fields in required locations.
  • Set Authentication: Choose signer verification: email, SMS code, or advanced methods.
  • Send for Signing: Route documents in order and capture timestamps and IP addresses.

Recommended eSigning configuration for Stock Purchase Agreements

Configure workflow settings to match closing sequencing, authentication needs, and record retention requirements.

Field Configuration
Authentication Email plus optional SMS code for stronger signer attribution
Role Order Sequential signing for buyer, seller, then corporate representative
Conditional Fields Show escrow release fields only if escrow checkbox selected
Audit Trail Enable full action logging and certificate of completion

Technical and integration notes for eSigning and document management

SPAs are frequently prepared offline and then uploaded for signing; integrations and supported formats matter for automation and recordkeeping.

  • File Formats: PDF and DOCX commonly accepted; keep originals for archival.
  • Integrations: Connectors for Salesforce, NetSuite, and Google Workspace streamline upload and storage.
  • Authentication: Use multi-factor where higher assurance is required.

Common SPA dates and timing expectations

Track critical dates carefully; missing a deadline can delay closing, affect tax treatment, or breach corporate approvals.

Signing Date:

Date parties execute the SPA; used to trigger certain closing conditions.

Closing Date:

Date of funds and share transfer; often set conditionally after signing.

Board Approval Deadline:

Last date to obtain corporate authorizations required by bylaws.

Payment Release Date:

Date escrow or payment provider releases funds to seller.

Tax Reporting Deadline:

Buyer and seller should calendar related tax filing and information return timing.

Key milestones from negotiation to post-closing

A compact milestone sequence helps teams track progress and handoffs leading to a clean closing and post-closing follow-up.

01

Negotiation Complete

Agreement terms finalized and marked ready for counsel review.

02

Document Execution

Parties sign SPA and execute ancillary agreements.

03

Closing Date

Funds transmitted, shares transferred, escrow conditions checked.

04

Post-Closing Actions

File board minutes, update stock ledger, and deliver post-closing reports.

How a Stock Purchase Agreement differs from an Asset Purchase Agreement

Choose the right purchase structure; stock vs asset transfers have differing liability, tax, and operational consequences.

Criteria Stock Purchase Agreement Asset Purchase Agreement
Transfer scope equity change specific assets and liabilities
Liability exposure buyer inherits corp liabilities buyer can exclude most liabilities
Typical use-case sale of whole company sale of business unit or assets
Tax outcome shareholder-level tax impact potential asset-level tax step-up

eSignature vendor comparison for executing Stock Purchase Agreements

Compare core pricing and compliance features for commonly used eSignature providers; signNow is listed first per published plan data.

signNow DocuSign Adobe Sign PandaDoc HelloSign
Starting Price $8/user/mo $15/user/mo $14/user/mo $19/user/mo $15/user/mo
Free Trial Yes, 7-day free trial Varies by plan Varies by plan Varies by plan Varies by plan
Bulk Send Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Audit Trail Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
HIPAA Compliant Yes Yes Yes No No
Envelope Cap No cap 100 envelopes/user/year Varies by plan Varies by plan Varies by plan

Frequent issues to avoid when preparing an SPA

  • Ambiguous share descriptions that omit class or certificate numbers create transfer disputes and delay title updates.
  • Missing corporate approvals or inconsistent board minutes can invalidate a purported transfer under bylaws or state law.
  • Exhibits or schedules referenced but not attached lead to enforceability gaps around representations and closing conditions.
  • Using inconsistent governing law or jurisdiction clauses complicates dispute resolution and increases litigation risk.

Key legal and financial risks tied to SPA errors

Tax Reporting: Incorrect or late reporting may trigger IRS penalties and information return fines
Transfer Restrictions: Violating shareholder agreements or rights of first refusal can produce breach claims
Invalid Transfer: Failure to update stock ledger can leave title disputes unresolved
Escrow Failure: Incorrect escrow terms expose parties to unrecovered indemnity claims
Signature Defects: Improperly authenticated signatures risk enforceability challenges
Regulatory Noncompliance: Omitted filings or consents can lead to administrative penalties

Real-world examples of digital execution for equity documents

Organizations use secure eSigning to accelerate investor closings and maintain auditable records, reducing turnaround time and manual processing.

Optica Ventures LLC

Brian Fitzgibbons, COO, used online signing to distribute investment documents efficiently

  • Quick execution reduced turnaround by days
  • The interface made it simple for the team and investors to complete required signatures while preserving an audit trail for records and compliance.

Martin Properties

Tim Martin, Founder, moved closing documents online to reduce paper handling

  • Mobile signing supported remote investors
  • The workflow allowed simultaneous execution by multiple parties and ensured all signed copies and timestamps were stored securely for future reference.

Notarization and witness authentication: step sequence

When notarization or witnesses are required, follow a clear step sequence to ensure valid acknowledgment and recording where applicable.

01

Prepare Document

Attach exhibits and verify signature blocks before scheduling authentication

02

Identify Signers

Confirm legal names and acceptable ID for each signer

03

Schedule Notary

Book remote or in-person notary per state authorization

04

Confirm Witnesses

Ensure witness availability and independence when required

05

Complete RON Session

Conduct audio-video identity proofing and record the session

06

Witness Signatures

Witnesses sign after principal to validate execution

07

Notary Acknowledgment

Notary completes journal entry and acknowledgment block

08

File Certificates

Record or store notary certificate with executed SPA

Practical tips for accurate and efficient SPA completion

Adopt consistent processes and quality checks to reduce errors and speed up closings while preserving evidentiary record integrity.

Verify corporate authority
Confirm board resolutions and secretary certificates before accepting signed SPA to prevent post-closing voiding claims.
Use clear exhibit references
Attach and label all exhibits and schedules referenced in the SPA to avoid later disputes over scope or reliance.
Confirm tax identifiers
Collect accurate TINs and W-9s where required to avoid backup withholding and IRS reporting penalties.
Preserve audit trails
Enable full audit logging and keep original signed copies in secure storage for the retention period.

Frequently asked questions about Stock Purchase Agreements and eSigning

Answers to common legal, execution, and recordkeeping questions when preparing and signing Stock Purchase Agreements.


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