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Residential Property Disclosure and Disclaimer Statement

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Residential Property Disclosure and Disclaimer Statement

Instructions to the Seller

Please complete the following form. Do not leave any spaces blank. If the question clearly does not apply to the property write "NA". If the answer to any items requires explanation, explain on attached sheets, if necessary.

Notice to the Buyer

The following disclosures are made by the seller(s), concerning the condition of the property located at ("the property"), or as legally described on attached Exhibit A.

Disclosures contained in this form are provided by the seller on the basis of seller's actual knowledge of the property at the time this disclosure form is completed by the seller. The following are disclosures made by the seller and are not the representations of any real estate licensee or other party. This information is for disclosure only and is not intended to be a part of any written agreement between the buyer and the seller.

For a more comprehensive examination of the specific condition of this property you are advised to obtain and pay for the services of a qualified specialist to inspect the property on your behalf, for example, architects, engineers, land surveyors, plumbers, electricians, roofers, building inspectors, or pest and dry rot inspectors. The prospective buyer and the owner may wish to obtain professional advice or inspections of the property and to provide for appropriate provisions in a contract between them with respect to any advice, inspection, defects or warranties.

Seller(s), currently occupying the property.

Seller has owned the property for years.

I. Seller’s Disclosures. If explanation is needed, use attached sheet if necessary. Approximations should be labeled as such.

1. Title

A. Do you have legal authority to sell the property?

B. Is title to the property subject to any of the following:

(1) First right of refusal

(2) Option

(3) Lease or Rental Agreement

(4) Life Estate

C. Are there any encroachments, boundary disputes, or boundary agreements?

D. Are there any rights of way, easements, or access limitations that may affect the owner's use of the property?

E. Are there any written agreements for joint maintenance of an easement or right of way?

F. Is there any study, survey project, or notice that would adversely affect the property?

G. Are there any pending or existing assessments against the property?

H. Are there any zoning violations, nonconforming uses, or any unusual restrictions on the subject property that would affect future construction or remodeling?

I. Is there a boundary survey for the property?

J. Are the property’s boundaries marked?

K. Are there fences on the property?

L. Are any trees or other flora on the property diseased, dead or damaged?

M. Are there any covenants, conditions, or restrictions which affect the property?

N. Is the property accessed by public or private road?

If private, what yearly upkeep amount is paid by the property owner?

If private, explain road upkeep in detail:

2. Water

A. Household Water

(1) The source of the water is:

(2) Water source information:

a. Are there any written agreements for shared water source?

b. Is there an easement (recorded or unrecorded) for access to and/or maintenance of the water source?

c. Are any known problems or repairs needed?

d. Does the source provide an adequate year round supply of potable water?

e. Are there any water treatment systems (softener, purifier, etc.) for the property?

B. Irrigation

(1) Are there any water rights for the property?

(2) If they exist, to your knowledge, have the water rights been used during the last five-year period?

(3) If so, is the certificate available?

C. Outdoor Sprinkler System

(1) Is there an outdoor sprinkler system for the property?

(2) Are there any defects in the outdoor sprinkler system?

3. Sewer/Septic System

A. The property is served by (circle one):

B. If the property is served by a public or community sewer main, is the house connected to the main?

C. Is the property currently subject to a sewer capacity charge?

D. If the property is connected to a septic system:

(1) Was a permit issued for its construction, and was it approved by the city or county following its construction?

(2) On what date was it last pumped:

(3) Are there any defects in the operation of the septic system?

(4) On what date was it last inspected: By whom:

(5) How many bedrooms was the system approved for?

E. Do all plumbing fixtures, including laundry drain, go to the septic/sewer system?

F. Are you aware of any changes or repairs to the septic system?

G. Is the septic system, including drainage field, located entirely within the property’s boundaries?

4. Structural

A. How old is the current roof? years.

Roof is constructed of:

B. Has the roof leaked during your ownership?

C. Has the house undergone any conversions, additions, or remodeling?

1. If yes, were all building permits obtained?

2. If yes, were all final inspections obtained?

Explain any conversions/additions/remodeling:

D. Do you know the age of the house?

E. Are you aware of:

(1) Any movement, shifting, deterioration or other problems with walls, foundation, crawl space or slab?

(2) Any cracks or flaws in the walls, ceilings, foundations, concrete slab, crawl space, basement, floors or garage?

(3) Any water leakage or dampness in the crawl space or basement?

(4) Any dry rot on the property?

(5) Any repairs or other attempts to control the cause or effect of any problem described above?

Explain any “Yes” answer(s) to 1-5 above. When describing repairs or control efforts, describe the location, extent, date, and name of person/company who did the work. Attach any reports and/or other documentation:

F. If you know of any defect(s) regarding the following items, mark the defective item with a check:

If you checked any of the above items, explain the defect(s):

G. In the last 4 years, was a pest, dry rot, structural or "whole house" inspection done?

If yes, which test(s), when, and by whom was the inspection done? (Attach documentation)

H. Has the property had a problem with pest control, infestations, or vermin?

If yes, explain:

I. Are you aware of:

(1) Any termites, wood destroying insects or pests on or affecting the property?

(2) Property damage by termites, wood destroying insects or pests?

(3) Any termite/pest control treatments on the property in the last 4 years?

(4) Current warranty or other coverage by a licensed pest control company on the property?

J. Have you made a homeowner’s insurance claim(s) regarding the property in the last 4 years?

If yes, explain when and why:

5. Systems and Fixtures

If the following systems or fixtures are included with the transfer, do they have any existing defects:

A. Electrical system, including wiring, all switches, all outlets, and service

If yes, explain:

What type of wiring comprises the electrical system?

B. Plumbing system, including pipes, faucets, fixtures, and toilets

If yes, explain:

C. Hot water heater Age:

If yes, explain:

D. Oven/stove Age:

If yes, explain:

E. List ANY OTHER APPLIANCES TO REMAIN, attach separate sheet if necessary.

1. Age:

If yes, explain:

2. Age:

If yes, explain:

3. Age:

If yes, explain:

F. Cooling and Heating systems

Air Conditioning (mark one):

Age of cooling system: Zoned cooling?

Air Conditioning defects?

Heating system (mark one):

Age of heating system: Zoned heating?

Heating system defects?

Last date of servicing: Heating: Cooling: By whom:

Are there rooms without heating/air conditioning vents?

G. Security system (Circle One): Any defects?

Describe security system:

H. Other: Any defects?

6. Common Interest

A. Is there a Home Owners' Association?

B. Are there regular periodic assessments:

If yes, give amount per: Month: $ Year: $ Other: $

If other, explain:

C. Are there any pending special assessments?

D. Are there any shared “common areas” or any joint maintenance agreements?

If any such areas exist, explain:

7. Appliances, Heating, Plumbing, Electrical and Other Mechanical Systems

Instructions: Mark INCL if the item is included in the sale. If item is included in sale, mark Yes or No to indicate whether item is in working order. Indicate the item’s approximate age (in years) in the ‘age’ space, if provided-- if age is unknown, mark ‘?’ in space.

Item list

Explanations: if any item above is NOT in working order, list the item and explain the defect in the space below.

8. General

A. Is there any settling, soil, standing water, or drainage problems on the property?

If yes, explain:

B. Does the property contain fill material?

C. Is there any material damage to the property or any of the structure from fire, wind, floods, beach movements, earthquake, expansive soils, or landslides?

If yes, explain:

D. Is the property in a designated flood plain?

E. Are there any substances, materials, or products that may be an environmental hazard such as, but not limited to, asbestos, formaldehyde, radon gas, lead-based paint, fuel or chemical storage tanks and contaminated soil or water on the subject property?

If yes, explain:

F. Are there any tanks or underground storage tanks (e.g., chemical, fuel, etc.) on the property?

If yes, explain, and give approx. position (attach map):

G. Has the property ever been used as an illegal drug-manufacturing site?

If yes, explain:

H. If the property contains a wood-burning stove or fireplace, when was/were the chimney(ies) last cleaned?

I. Are you aware of any of the following regarding the property?

If any of the above are marked, explain:

J. If any tests to detect radon gas have been done on the property, provide documentation. If radon gas has been detected on the property, explain when, where, by whom, and all other details:

9. Full Disclosure by Sellers

A. Other conditions or defects: Does the Seller know of any other material defects affecting this property or its value that a prospective buyer should know about?

If yes, explain:

B. Verification:

The foregoing answers and attached explanations (if any) are complete and correct to the best of my/our knowledge and I/we have received a copy hereof. I/we authorize all of my/our real estate licensees, if any, to deliver a copy of this disclosure statement to other real estate licensees and all prospective buyers of the property.

Date

Seller

Seller

II. Buyer’s Acknowledgment

A. As buyer(s), I/we acknowledge the duty to pay diligent attention to any material defects which are known to me/us or can be known to me/us by utilizing diligent attention and observation.

B. Each buyer acknowledges and understands that the disclosures set forth in this statement and in any amendments to this statement are made only by the seller.

C. Buyer (which term includes all persons signing the buyer's acknowledgement portion of this disclosure statement below) hereby acknowledges receipt of a copy of this disclosure statement (including attachments, if any) bearing seller's signature.

Disclosures contained in this form are provided by the seller on the basis of seller's actual knowledge of the property at the time of disclosure.

Buyer hereby acknowledges receipt of a copy of this real property transfer disclosure statement and acknowledges that the disclosures made herein are those of the seller only, and not of any real estate licensee or other party.

Date

Buyer

Buyer

Enter text

What the Residential Property Disclosure and Disclaimer Statement Is

The Residential Property Disclosure and Disclaimer Statement is a written record sellers provide to prospective buyers that summarizes known material facts about a home, identifies defects or conditions, and frames any limitations on seller warranties or liabilities. It documents seller knowledge about physical systems, prior repairs, environmental conditions, and occupancy or rental issues. The statement helps buyers evaluate condition and supports lender, title, and underwriting workflows. When delivered electronically, the document must meet federal and state e-signature laws to preserve enforceability across interstate and intrastate transactions.

Why a Clear Disclosure and Disclaimer Statement Matters

A well-prepared Residential Property Disclosure and Disclaimer Statement reduces post-closing disputes, clarifies seller representations, and preserves evidentiary records for underwriting, title, and insurance.

Why a Clear Disclosure and Disclaimer Statement Matters

Who Typically Prepares and Reviews This Statement

Typical users include sellers, listing agents, buyer agents, and closing attorneys who must document property condition and disclosures.

  • Home sellers—complete the form to disclose known defects and prior repairs.
  • Listing brokers—attach it to marketing and provide copies during negotiations or offers.
  • Buyers and agents—review disclosures early to identify inspections and loan-related issues.

Core Elements to Include in a Professional Statement

A professional Residential Property Disclosure and Disclaimer Statement organizes seller knowledge, clarifies scope of representations, and collects supporting evidence so parties and third parties can rely on a consistent record.

Property Condition

A detailed narrative of the property's visible condition, systems, and structural elements; include recent repairs, renovations, water intrusion, pest issues, and material defects to inform buyers and reduce undisclosed-issue claims.

Known Defects

List specific defects the seller knows about, with dates and remedial actions taken; clear phrasing limits ambiguity and supports underwriting and title insurers evaluating risk.

Material Facts

Disclose environmental hazards, prior flooding, zoning violations, and neighborhood matters that materially affect value or habitability; include dates and supporting inspection reports where available to substantiate statements.

Disclaimer Language

Clear disclaimer clauses limit seller liability for unknown conditions, outline scope of representations, and specify reliance limitations; avoid overly broad disclaimers that may be unenforceable under state law.

Signatures

Provide signature blocks for all sellers and a dated acknowledgement with contact information; include witness or notary lines where state law or transaction documents require additional authentication.

Attachments

Attach repair invoices, inspection reports, permits, and seller-provided photos as exhibits; properly labeled attachments substantiate disclosures and speed underwriting and title examination and clarify repair histories.

Step-by-Step: Completing and Sharing the Statement

Follow this sequence to populate, verify, sign, and circulate the Residential Property Disclosure and Disclaimer Statement within standard closing workflows.

  • 01
    Prepare form: Populate seller, property, and disclosure sections completely.
  • 02
    Review & attach: Have agent and seller review; attach repair invoices.
  • 03
    Sign & date: Seller signs; witness or notary if required.
  • 04
    Distribute copies: Provide copies to buyer, lender, and escrow/title.

Suggested Online Workflow Settings

Suggested online workflow settings streamline completion, conditional disclosures, and signer authentication for secure e-submission and recordkeeping.

Field Configuration
Signature Field Required signer and date; capture IP and timestamp for audit trail
Initials Field Require seller initials on each page to confirm review
Conditional Items Show property-specific fields only if seller indicates an issue
Attachment Field Allow PDF or image upload for invoices and inspection reports

Digital Signing and File Compatibility Considerations

Electronic submission requires compatible file types, basic authentication, and secure transmission; confirm your platform supports the required features.

  • File Types: PDF, DOCX supported by most platforms
  • Integrations: Connect to CRM, cloud storage, and closing platforms
  • Authentication: Email, SMS code, or stronger verification

How Disclosures Move Through a Typical Closing Workflow

Routing the disclosure follows standard closing workflows: include with listing materials, provide to buyers before offer acceptance, and attach to closing package for title and lender review.

  • Attach to MLS: Upload completed form in listing documents.
  • Provide to buyer: Deliver prior to offer or at acceptance.
  • Send to lender: Include with loan package for underwriting.
  • File with escrow: Deposit into escrow/title closing folder.

Typical Timing and Delivery Expectations

Timing requirements vary by state; sellers usually provide disclosures at listing or before offer acceptance, and copies go into the closing package for title review.

Provide at Listing:

Attach disclosures to listing and marketing materials.

Give before Offer:

Deliver to prospective buyers before offer submission.

Include with Contract:

Attach signed disclosure to purchase contract at execution.

Inspection Contingency:

Buyer inspection may reveal undisclosed issues within contingency timeline.

Closing Submission:

File with escrow/title at document exchange or settlement.

Essential Data Elements to Record

Seller Name: Exact legal name
Property Address: Full street address
Disclosure Items: Concise defect list
Effective Date: MM/DD/YYYY format
Signatures: Sign and date
Agent Contact: Broker name and phone

Common Preparation Mistakes to Avoid

  • Failing to list dated repairs and supporting invoices which forces additional discovery and can delay closing while title insurers request proof.
  • Using inconsistent party names between the disclosure, purchase contract, and title documents, creating mismatches that require corrective affidavits.
  • Delivering disclosures after acceptance or at closing instead of before offer submission, which can trigger contract rescission or buyer claims.
  • Relying on vague language like 'as-is' without enumerating known defects, which may be ineffective under state consumer protection or disclosure statutes.

Penalties and Risks of Inaccurate or Missing Disclosures

Civil Liability: Damages claims possible
Contract Rescission: Buyer may cancel contract
Title Complications: Insurer exceptions added
Insurance Denial: Claims may be contested
Regulatory Fines: State penalties possible
Reputation Risk: Agent and broker exposure

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Frequently Asked Questions and Practical Answers

Answers to common legal, process, and technical questions about preparing, signing, and retaining the Residential Property Disclosure and Disclaimer Statement.


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