Member Managed Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement
This Agreement, dated _____________________________ (date), made and entered into
between ____________________________________________________________ (Company),
a limited liability company organized pursuant to the ___________________________________
(Name of State) Limited Liability Company Act, hereinafter called the Company,
___________________________________________________ (Name of Member One) , of
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(street address, city, county, state, zip code), _________________________________________
(Name of Member Two) , of _______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(street address, city, county, state, zip code), and ______________________________________
(Name of Member Three) , of _____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ (street address, city, county, state, zip code), hereinafter called the Members.
In consideration of the mutual benefits and obligations set forth in this Agreement, the
parties agree as follows:
I. Definition of Terms
Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms defined in this Section I shall, for the
purposes of this Agreement, have the following meanings:
A. ________________________________________________ (Name of State) Act
means the _________________________________________________ (Name of State) limited
liability company statute, ______________________________________ (citation to statute), as
amended from time to time.
B.Additional Members has the meaning set forth in Section XIII.
C. Affiliate means, with respect to a specified Person, any Person that directly or
indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the specified Person. As
used in this definition, the term control means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power
to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through
ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.
D.Agreement means this Limited Liability Company Agreement of the
Company, as amended, modified, supplemented or restated from time to time.
E.Capital Account means, with respect to any Member, the account maintained for
such Member in accordance with the provisions of Section IV.
F. Capital Contribution means, with respect to any Member, the aggregate amount
of money and the fair market value of any property (other than money) contributed to the
Company pursuant to Section IV with respect to such Member's Interest.
G.Certificate means the Certificate of Formation of the Company and any and all
amendments to the Certificate of Formation and restatements of the same filed on behalf of the
Company with the office of the Secretary of State of the State of ____________________________________________ (Name of State) pursuant to the
____________________________________________ (Name of State) Act.
H. Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, or
any corresponding federal tax statute enacted after the date of this Agreement. A reference to a
specific section of the Code refers not only to such specific section but also to any corresponding
provision of any federal tax statute enacted after the date of this Agreement, as such specific
section or corresponding provision is in effect on the date of application of the provisions of this
Agreement containing such reference.
I.Company means _________________________________________ (Company),
the limited liability company formed and continued under and pursuant to the ________________________________________________ (Name of State) Act and this
Agreement.
J.Covered Person means a Member, any Affiliate of a Member, any officers,
directors, shareholders, partners, employees, representatives or agents of a Member, or their
respective Affiliates, or any employee or agent of the Company or its Affiliates.
K.Fiscal Year means:
1. The period commencing upon the formation of the Company and
ending on _____________________________ (month and day), _____________ (year);
2. Any subsequent 12-month period commencing on ___________________
(month and day), and ending on ________________________ (month and day); or
3. Any portion of the period described in Clause 2 above which the
Company is required to allocate Profits, Losses and other items of Company income,
gain, loss or deduction pursuant to Section VIII.
L. Interest means a Member's limited liability company interest in the Company
which represents such Member's share of the profits and losses of the Company and a Member's
right to receive distributions of the Company's assets in accordance with the provisions of this
Agreement and the ___________________________________________________ (Name of
State) Act.
M. Member means each of ______________________________________________
(Name of First Member), _________________________________________________ (Name
of Second Member), and ______________________________________________ (Name of
Third Member), and includes any Person admitted as an Additional Member pursuant to the
provisions of this Agreement, in such Person's capacity as a member of the Company; Members
means two or more of such Persons when acting in their capacities as members of the Company.
For purposes of the _________________________________________________ (Name of
State) Act, the Members shall constitute one class or group of members.
N. Net Cash Flow means, for each Fiscal Year or other period of the Company, the
gross cash receipts of the Company from all sources, but excluding any amounts, such as gross
receipts taxes, that are held by the Company as a collection agent or in trust for others or that are
otherwise not unconditionally available to the Company, less all amounts paid by or for the
account of the Company during the same Fiscal Year or other period (including, but not limited
to, payments of principal and interest on any Company indebtedness and expenses reimbursed to
the Members under Section V-B), and less any amounts determined by the Members to be
necessary to provide a reasonable reserve for working-capital needs or any other contingencies
of the Company. Net Cash Flow shall be determined in accordance with the cash receipts and
disbursements method of accounting and otherwise in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, consistently applied. Net Cash Flow shall not be reduced by depreciation,
amortization, cost recovery deductions, depletion, similar allowances or other non-cash items,
but shall be increased by any reduction of reserves previously established.
O.Percentage Interest means the Interest of a Member, expressed as a portion of
one hundred percent, as shown on Schedule A.
P. Person includes any individual, corporation, association, partnership (general or
limited), joint venture, trust, estate, limited liability company, or other legal entity or
organization.
Q.Profits and Losses means, for each Fiscal Year, an amount equal to the
Company's taxable income or loss for such Fiscal Year, determined in accordance with Section
703(a) of the Code.
R.Tax Matters Partner has the meaning set forth in Section XI-A.
S. Treasury Regulations means the income tax regulations, including temporary
regulations, promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time
(including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).
II. Formation and Term A. Formation
1.The Members have formed the Company as a limited liability company
under and pursuant to the provisions of the _____________________________________
(Name of State) Act and agree that the rights, duties and liabilities of the Members shall
be as provided in the ____________________________________________ (Name of
State) Act, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement.
2. Upon the execution of this Agreement or a counterpart of this Agreement,
(Name of Member One) _________________________________________, (Name of
Member Two) _____________________________________________________, and
(Name of Member Three) _________________________________________________
shall be admitted as Members of the Company.
3.The name and mailing address of each Member and the amount
contributed to the capital of the Company shall be listed on the attached Schedule A. The
Members shall be required to update Schedule A from time to time as necessary to
accurately reflect the information in the schedule. Any amendment or revision to
Schedule A made in accordance with this Agreement shall not be deemed an amendment
to this Agreement. Any reference in this Agreement to Schedule A shall be deemed to be
a reference to Schedule A as amended and in effect from time to time.
4. ____________________________________________________ (Name
of Member One) , as an authorized person within the meaning of the
________________________________________________ (Name of State) Act, shall
execute, deliver and file the Certificate.
B. Name.
The name of the Company is _______________________________________________
(Company) . The business of the Company may be conducted upon compliance with all
applicable laws under any other name designated by the Members.
C. Term.
The term of the Company shall commence on the date the Certificate is filed in the office
of the Secretary of State of the State of ______________________________________________
(Name of State) and shall continue until _______________________________________ (date),
unless the Company is dissolved before such date in accordance with the provisions of this
Agreement. The existence of the Company as a separate legal entity shall continue until
cancellation of the Certificate in the manner required by the ______________________________________________ (Name of State) Act.
D. Registered Agent and Office.
The Company's registered agent and office in the State of shall be (Name)
_________________________________________________, of _________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (street address, city, county, state, zip code).
At any time, the Members may designate another registered agent or registered office.
E. Principal Place of Business.
The principal place of business of the Company shall be at ________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (street address, city, county, state, zip code).
At any time, the Members may change the location of the Company's principal place of business.
F. Qualification in Other Jurisdictions.
The Members shall, if required by law or if deemed advisable by the Members, cause the
Company to be qualified, formed or registered under assumed or fictitious name statutes or
similar laws in any jurisdiction in which the Company transacts business.
_____________________________________________________ (Name of Member One) as an
authorized person within the meaning of the __________________________________________
(Name of State) Act, shall execute, deliver and file any certificates (and any amendments or
restatements of such certificates) necessary for the Company to qualify to do business in a
jurisdiction in which the Company may wish to conduct business.
III. Purpose and Powers of the Company A. Purpose.
The Company is formed for the object and purpose of, and the nature of the business to
be conducted and promoted by the Company is, engaging in any lawful act or activity for which
limited liability companies may be formed under the ___________________________________
(Name of State) Act and engaging in any and all activities necessary, convenient, desirable or
incidental to the foregoing, including, but not limited to, acquiring, holding, managing, operating
and disposing of securities of corporations, partnerships, limited liability companies and trusts.
B. Powers of the Company.
The Company shall have the power and authority to take any and all actions necessary,
appropriate, proper, advisable, incidental or convenient to or for the furtherance of the purpose
set forth in Section III-A, including, but not limited to, the power:
1. To conduct its business, carry on its operations and have and exercise the
powers granted to a limited liability company by the __________________________________________________ (Name of State) Act in any
state, territory, district or possession of the United States, or in any foreign country that
may be necessary, convenient or incidental to the accomplishment of the purpose of the
Company;
2.To acquire by purchase, contribution of property or otherwise, own,
hold, operate, maintain, finance, sell, convey, transfer, or dispose of any securities or
other personal property that may be necessary, convenient or incidental to the
accomplishment of the purpose of the Company;
3.To enter into, perform and carry out contracts of any kind, including,
but not limited to, contracts with any Member, any Affiliate of a Member, or any agent
of the Company necessary to, in connection with, convenient to, or incidental to the
accomplishment of the purpose of the Company;
4.To purchase, take, receive, subscribe for or otherwise acquire, own, hold,
vote, use, employ, sell, mortgage, lend, pledge, or otherwise dispose of, and otherwise
use and deal in and with, shares or other interests in or obligations of domestic or foreign
corporations, associations, general or limited partnerships (including, but not limited to,
the power to be admitted as a partner and to exercise the rights and perform the duties
created by such partnerships), trusts, limited liability companies (including, but not
limited to, the power to be admitted as a member or appointed as a manager and to
exercise the rights and perform the duties created by such admission or appointment), or
individuals or direct or indirect obligations of the United States or of any government,
state, territory, governmental district or municipality or of any instrumentality of any of
them;5.To lend money for its proper purpose, to invest and reinvest its
funds, to take and hold real and personal property for the payment of funds so loaned or
invested;
6.To sue and be sued, complain and defend, and participate in
administrative or other proceedings, in its name;
7.To appoint employees and agents of the Company, and define their
duties and fix their compensation;
8.To indemnify any Person in accordance with the
_________________________________________________ (Name of State)
Act and to obtain any and all types of insurance;
9.To cease its activities and cancel its Certificate;
10. To negotiate, enter into, renegotiate, extend, renew, terminate,
modify, amend, waive, execute, acknowledge or take any other action with respect to any
lease, contract or security agreement in respect of any assets of the Company;
11.To borrow money and issue evidences of indebtedness, and to secure the
same by a mortgage, pledge or other lien on the assets of the Company;
12.To pay, collect, compromise, litigate, arbitrate or otherwise adjust or
settle any and all other claims or demands of or against the Company or to hold such
proceeds against the payment of contingent liabilities; and 13.To make, execute, acknowledge and file any and all documents or
instruments necessary, convenient or incidental to the accomplishment of the
purpose of the Company.
14.The Company may merge with, or consolidate into, another
______________________________________________ (Name of State) limited
liability company or other business entity as allowed by the limited liability statutes of ______________________________________________ (Name of State).
IV. Capital Contributions; Interests; Capital Accounts; Advances
A. Capital Contributions. 1.Each Member has contributed or is deemed to have contributed to the
capital of the Company the amount set forth opposite the Member's name on the attached
Schedule A. The agreed value of the Capital Contributions made or deemed to have been
made by each Member shall be set forth on Schedule A.
2.No Member shall be required to make any additional capital
contribution to the Company. However, a Member may make additional capital
contributions to the Company with the written consent of all of the Members.
B. Member's Interest.
A Member's Interest shall for all purposes be personal property. A Member has no
interest in specific Company property.
C. Status of Capital Contributions. 1.Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, the amount of a
Member's Capital Contributions may be returned to it, in whole or in part, at any time,
but only with the consent of all of the Members. Any such returns of Capital
Contributions shall be made to all Members in proportion to the Percentage
Interests. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no return of a Member's Capital Contributions
shall be made if such distribution would violate applicable state law. Under
circumstances requiring a return of any Capital Contribution, no Member shall have the
right to demand or receive property other than cash, except as may be specifically
provided in this Agreement.
2.No Member shall receive any interest, salary or drawing with respect to its
Capital Contributions or its Capital Account or for services rendered on behalf of the
Company or otherwise in its capacity as a Member, except as otherwise specifically
provided in this Agreement.
3.Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement and by applicable state
law, the Members shall be liable only to make their capital contributions pursuant to
Section IV-A, and no Member shall be required to lend any funds to the Company or,
after a Member's Capital Contributions have been fully paid pursuant to Section IV-A, to
make any additional capital contributions to the Company. No Member shall have any
personal liability for the repayment of any Capital Contribution of any other Member.
D. Capital Accounts.
1.An individual Capital Account shall be established and maintained for
each Member.
2.The Capital Account of each Member shall be maintained in
accordance with the following provisions:
a.To such Member's Capital Account there shall be credited
such Member's Capital Contributions (consisting of cash or the fair market
value of any property net of any liabilities secured by such contributed
property that the Company is considered to assume or take subject to
under Section 752 of the Code); such Member's distributive share of
Profits; and such Member's distributive share of other items of income,
gain or credits; and
b.To such Member's Capital Account there shall be debited the
amount of cash and the fair market value of property distributed by the
Company to such Member (net of liabilities secured by such distributed
property which the Member is considered to assume or take subject to
under Section 752 of the Code); such Member's distributive share of
Losses; and such Member's distributive share of other items of loss or
deduction.
E. Advances.
If any Member shall advance any funds to the Company in excess of its Capital
Contributions, the amount of such advance shall neither increase its Capital Account nor entitle it
to any increase in its share of the distributions of the Company. The amount of any such advance
shall be a debt obligation of the Company to such Member and shall be subject to such terms and
conditions acceptable to the Company and each Member. Any such advance shall be payable and
collectible only out of Company assets, and the other Members shall not be personally obligated
to repay any part of such advance. No Person who makes any non-recourse loan to the Company
shall have or acquire, as a result of making such loan, any direct or indirect interest in the profits,
capital or property of the Company, other than as a creditor.
V. Members A. Powers of Members.
The Members shall have the power to exercise any and all rights or powers granted to the
Members pursuant to the express terms of this Agreement and the _______________________________________________ (Name of State) Act.
B. Reimbursements.
The Company shall reimburse the Members, for all ordinary and necessary out-of-pocket
expenses incurred by the Members on behalf of the Company. Such reimbursement shall be
treated as an expense of the Company that shall be deducted in computing the Net Cash Flow
and shall not be deemed to constitute a distributive share of Profits or a distribution or return of
capital to any Member. C. Partition.
Each Member waives any and all rights that it may have to maintain an action for
partition of the Company's property.
D. Resignation.
A Member may not resign from the Company without the written consent of all of the
other Members.
VI. Management A. Management of the Company.
1.In accordance with Section ____ of the
___________________________________________________ (Name of State) limited
liability act, management of the Company shall be vested in the Members. Except as
otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, whenever this Agreement requires or
permits actions to be taken by the Members, the decision by Members owning more than
____% of the Percentage Interests shall control.2.The Members shall have full, exclusive and complete discretion to manage
the business and affairs of the Company, to make all decisions affecting the business and
affairs of the Company and to take such actions as they deem necessary or appropriate to
accomplish the purpose of the Company as set forth in this Agreement. There shall not
be a "manager" [within the meaning of the ____________________________________
(Name of State) Limited Liability Company Act)] of the Company.
3. With respect to third parties, each Member is an agent of the
Company's business, and each Member may bind the Company. If a Member binds the
Company, but did not have the authority to so act under this Agreement (including by
failing to obtain necessary consents from other Members), in addition to any other
remedy (at law or in equity) that may be available against such Member, such Member
shall be liable for all damages caused by breaching this Agreement.
C. Reliance by Third Parties.
Any Person dealing with the Company or any Member may rely upon a certificate signed
by any Member as to: 1.The identity of a Member;
2. The existence or nonexistence of any fact or facts which constitute a
condition precedent to acts by the Members or in any other manner germane to the affairs
of the Company;
3.The Persons who are authorized to execute and deliver any instrument or
document of, or on behalf of, the Company; or
4.Any act or failure to act by the Company or as to any other matter
whatsoever involving the Company or any Member.
VII. Amendments and Meetings A. Amendments.
Any amendment to this Agreement shall be adopted and be effective as an amendment to
the Agreement if it receives the affirmative vote of all of the Members, provided that such
amendment be in writing and executed by all of the Members.
B. Meetings of the Members. 1.Meetings of the Members may be called at any time by any Member.
Notice of any meeting shall be given to all Members not less than ______ (number) days
nor more than ________ (number) days prior to the date of such meeting. Each Member
may authorize any Person to act for it by proxy on all matters in which a Member is
entitled to participate, including waiving notice of any meeting, or voting or participating
at a meeting. Every proxy must be signed by the Member or its attorney-in-fact.
2.The Members shall establish all other provisions relating to
meetings of Members, including notice of the time, place or purpose of any
meeting at which any matter is to be voted on by any Members, waiver of any such
notice, action by consent without a meeting, the establishment of a record date, quorum
requirements, voting in person or by proxy or any other matter with respect to the
exercise of any such right to vote.
3.The Company may take any action contemplated by this Agreement as
approved by the unanimous written consent of the Members.
VIII. Allocations A. Profits and Losses.
1.Subject to the allocation rules of Section VIII-B, Profits for any Fiscal
Year shall be allocated among the Members in proportion to the Percentage Interests.
2.Subject to the allocation rules of Section VIII-B, Losses for any Fiscal
Year shall be allocated among the Members in proportion to the Percentage Interests.
B. Allocation Rules. 1.For purposes of determining the Profits, Losses or any other items
allocable to any period, Profits, Losses and any such other items shall be determined on a
daily, monthly or other basis, as determined by the Members using any method that is
permissible under Section 706 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations under that
Section.
2.Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, all items of
Company income, gain, loss, deduction and any other allocations not otherwise
provided for shall be divided among the Members in the same proportions as they share
Profits and Losses for the Fiscal Year in question.
3.The Members are aware of the income tax consequences of the
allocations made by this Article VIII and agree to be bound by the provisions of this
Article VIII in reporting their shares of Company income and loss for income tax
purposes.
4.The Members intend that the allocation provisions set forth in this
Agreement are intended to comply with Section 704(b) of the Code and the
Treasury Regulations issued under that Section and the provisions are to be
interpreted in a manner consistent with those Treasury Regulations.
C. Tax Allocations; Section 704(c) of the Code.
In accordance with Section 704(c) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations under that
Section, income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to any property contributed to the capital
of the Company shall, solely for income tax purposes, be allocated among the Members so as to
take account of any variation between the adjusted basis of such property to the Company for
federal income tax purposes and its initial fair market value.
IX. DistributionsA. Net Cash Flow.
Except as otherwise provided in Article XV (relating to the dissolution of the Company),
any distribution of the Net Cash Flow during any Fiscal Year shall be made to the Members in
proportion to the Percentage Interests.
B. Distribution Rules.
All distributions pursuant to Section IX-A shall be at such times and in such amounts as
shall be determined by the Members.
C. Limitations on Distribution.
Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Company
shall not make a distribution to any Member on account of its interest in the Company if such
distribution would violate the _______________________________________________ (Name
of State) Limited Liability Company Act or other applicable law.
X. Books and Records A. Books, Records and Financial Statements.
1.At all times during the continuance of the Company, the Company shall
maintain, at its principal place of business, separate books of account for the Company
that shall show a true and accurate record of all costs and expenses incurred, all charges
made, all credits made and received and all income derived in connection with the
operation of the Company business in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles consistently applied, and, to the extent inconsistent with such principles, in
accordance with this Agreement. Such books of account, together with a copy of this
Agreement and of the Certificate, shall at all times be maintained at the principal plac e of
business of the Company and shall be open to inspection and examination at
reasonable times by each Member and its duly authorized representative for any
purpose reasonably related to such Member's interest in the Company.
2.The Members shall prepare and maintain, or cause to be prepared and
maintained, the books of account of the Company. The Members shall prepare and file,
or cause to be prepared and filed, all applicable federal and state tax returns.
B. Accounting Method.
For both financial and tax reporting purposes and for purposes of determining Profits and
Losses, the books and records of the Company shall be kept on the accrual method of accounting
applied in a consistent manner and shall reflect all Company transactions and be appropriate and
adequate for the Company's business.
C. Annual Audit.
At any time at a Member's sole discretion, the financial statements of the Company may
be audited by an independent certified public accountant, selected by such Member, with such
audit to be accompanied by a report of such accountant containing its opinion. The cost of such
audits will be an expense of the Company. A copy of any such audited financial statements and
accountant's report will be made available for inspection by the Members.
XI. Tax MattersA. Tax Matters Partner.
1._____________________________________________________ (Name
of Member One) is designated as Tax Matters Partner of the Company for purposes of
Section 6231(a)(7) of the Code. __________________________________________________________ (Name of
Member One) may not choose a forum for the resolution of tax matters or extend any
statute of limitation without the written consent of all of the Members.
2.The Tax Matters Partner shall, within ________ (number) days of the
receipt of any notice from the Internal Revenue Service in any administrative proceeding
at the Company level relating to the determination of any Company item of income,
gain, loss, deduction or credit, mail or otherwise deliver a copy of such notice to each
Member.
B. Taxation as Partnership.
The Company shall be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
XII. Liability; Exculpation; Indemnification A. Liability.
Except as otherwise provided by the __________________________________________
(Name of State) Act, the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company, whether arising in
contract, tort or otherwise, shall be solely the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company,
and no Covered Person shall be obligated personally for any such debt, obligation or liability of
the Company solely by reason of being a Covered Person.
B. Exculpation. 1.No Covered Person shall be liable to the Company or any other
Covered Person for any loss, damage or claim incurred by reason of any act or
omission performed or omitted by such Covered Person in good faith on behalf of
the Company and in a manner reasonably believed to be within the scope of
authority conferred on such Covered Person by this Agreement, except that a
Covered Person shall be liable for any such loss, damage or claim incurred by reason of
such Covered Person's gross negligence or willful misconduct.
2.A Covered Person shall be fully protected in relying in good faith upon
the records of the Company and upon such information, opinions, reports or statements
presented to the Company by any Person as to matters the Covered Person reasonably
believes are within such other Person's professional or expert competence and who has
been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Company, including
information, opinions, reports or statements as to the value and amount of the assets,
liabilities, Profits, Losses or Net Cash Flow or any other facts pertinent to the existence
and amount of assets from which distributions to Members might properly be paid.
C. Fiduciary Duty.
To the extent that, at law or in equity, a Covered Person has duties (including fiduciary
duties) and related liabilities to the Company or to any other Covered Person, a Covered Person
acting under this Agreement shall not be liable to the Company or to any Member for its good
faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. The provisions of this Agreement, to the
extent that they restrict the duties and liabilities of a Covered Person otherwise existing at law or
in equity, are agreed by the parties to replace such other duties and liabilities of such Covered
Person.
D. Indemnification.
To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, a Covered Person shall be entitled to
indemnification from the Company for any loss, damage or claim incurred by such Covered
Person by reason of any act or omission performed or omitted by such Covered Person in good
faith on behalf of the Company and in a manner reasonably believed to be within the scope of
authority conferred on such Covered Person by this Agreement, except that no Covered Person
shall be entitled to be indemnified in respect of any loss, damage or claim incurred by such
Covered Person by reason of gross negligence or willful misconduct with respect to such acts or
omissions; provided, however, that any indemnity under this Section XII-D shall be provided
out of and to the extent of Company assets only, and no Covered Person shall have any personal
liability on account of the same.
E. Expenses.
To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, expenses (including legal fees) incurred
by a Covered Person in defending any claim, demand, action, suit or proceeding shall, from time
to time, be advanced by the Company prior to the final disposition of such claim, demand,
action, suit or proceeding upon receipt by the Company of an undertaking by or on behalf of the
Covered Person to repay such amount if it shall be determined that the Covered Person is not
entitled to be indemnified as authorized in Section XII-D.
F. Insurance.
The Company may purchase and maintain insurance, to the extent and in such amounts as
the Members shall, in its sole discretion, deem reasonable, on behalf of Covered Persons and
such other Persons as the Members shall determine, against any liability that may be asserted
against or expenses that may be incurred by any such Person in connection with the activities of
the Company or such indemnities, regardless of whether the Company would have the power to
indemnify such Person against such liability under the provisions of this Agreement. The
Members and the Company may enter into indemnity contracts with Covered Persons and such
other Persons as the Members shall determine and adopt written procedures pursuant to which
arrangements are made for the advancement of expenses and the funding of obligations under
Section XII-E and containing such other procedures regarding indemnification as are
appropriate.
G. Outside Businesses.
Any Member or Affiliate of a Member may engage in or possess an interest in other
business ventures of any nature or description, independently or with others, similar or dissimilar
to the business of the Company, and the Company and the Members shall have no rights by
virtue of this Agreement in and to such independent ventures or the income or profits derived
therefrom, and the pursuit of any such venture, even if competitive with the business of the
Company, shall not be deemed wrongful or improper. No Member or Affiliate of a Member shall
be obligated to present any particular investment opportunity to the Company even if such
opportunity is of a character that, if presented to the Company, could be taken by the Company,
and any Member or Affiliate of a Member shall have the right to take for its own account
(individually or as a partner or fiduciary) or to recommend to others any such particular
investment opportunity.
XIII. Additional Members.A. Admission.
By approval of all of the Members, the Company is authorized to admit any Person as an
additional member of the Company (each, an Additional Member and collectively, the
Additional Members ). Each such Person shall be admitted as an Additional Member at the time
such Person:
1.Executes this Agreement or a counterpart of this Agreement; and
2. Is named as a Member on the attached Schedule A. The legal fees and
expenses associated with such admission shall be borne by the Company.
B. Allocations.
Additional Members shall not be entitled to any retroactive allocation of the Company's
income, gains, losses, deductions, credits or other items; provided that, subject to the restrictions
of Section 706(d) of the Code, Additional Members shall be entitled to their respective share of
the Company's income, gains, losses, deductions, credits and other items arising under contracts
entered into before the effective date of the admission of any Additional Members to the extent
that such income, gains, losses, deductions, credits and other items arise after such effective date.
To the extent consistent with Section 706(d) of the Code and Treasury Regulations promulgated
under that Section, the Company's books may be closed at the time Additional Members are
admitted (as though the Company's tax year had ended) or the Company may credit to the
Additional Members pro rata allocations of the Company's income, gains, losses, deductions,
credits and items for that portion of the Company's Fiscal Year after the effective date of the
admission of the Additional Members.
XIV. Assignability and Substitute Members
A. Assignability of Interests.
No Member may assign the whole or any part of its Interests.
B. Recognition of Assignment by Company.
No assignment or pledge of any Interest, or any part of an Interest, that is in violation of
this Article XIV shall be valid or effective, and neither the Company nor the Members shall
recognize the same for the purpose of making distributions pursuant to this Agreement. Neither
the Company nor the Members shall incur any liability as a result of refusing to make any such
distributions to the assignee of any such invalid assignment.
C. Pledge.
No Member may pledge or otherwise encumber the whole or any part of its Interests.
XV. Dissolution, Liquidation and Termination A. No Dissolution.
The Company shall not be dissolved by the admission of Additional Members in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement.
B. Events Causing Dissolution.
The Company shall be dissolved and its affairs shall be wound up upon the occurrence of
any of the following events:
1.The expiration of the term of the Company, as provided in Section
II-C; 2. The written consent of all Members;
3. The death, retirement, resignation, expulsion, bankruptcy or dissolution of
a Member or the occurrence of any other event under the ____________________________________________________ (Name of State) Act
that terminates the continued membership of a Member in the Company unless, within _______ (number) days after the occurrence of such an event, all of the remaining
Members agree in writing to continue the business of the Company; or
4.The entry of a decree of judicial dissolution under Section __________ of
the ______________________________________________________ (Name of State)
Limited Liability Company Act.
C. Liquidation.
Upon dissolution of the Company, the Members shall carry out the winding up of the
Company and shall immediately commence to wind up the Company's affairs; provided,
however, that a reasonable time shall be allowed for the orderly liquidation of the assets of the
Company and the satisfaction of liabilities to creditors so as to enable the Members to minimiz e
the normal losses attendant upon a liquidation. The Members shall continue to share Profits and
Losses during liquidation in the same proportions, as specified in Article VIII, as before
liquidation. The proceeds of liquidation shall be distributed in the following order and priority:
1.To creditors of the Company, including Members who are creditors,
to the extent otherwise permitted by law, in satisfaction of the liabilities of the
Company (whether by payment or the making of reasonable provision for payment); and
2.To the Members in accordance with their Capital Account balances,
after giving effect to all contributions, distributions and allocations for all periods.
D. Termination.
The Company shall terminate when all of the assets of the Company, after payment of or
due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Company, shall have been distributed
to the Members in the manner provided for in this Article XV and the Certificate shall have been
canceled in the manner required by the _____________________________________________
(Name of State) Act.
E. Claims of the Members.
The Members and former Members shall look solely to the Company's assets for the
return of their Capital Contributions, and if the assets of the Company remaining after payment
of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Company are insufficient to
return such Capital Contributions, the Members and former Members shall have no recourse
against the Company or any other Member.
XVI. Miscellaneous
A. Notices.
All notices provided for in this Agreement shall be in writing, duly signed by the party
giving such notice, and shall be delivered, mailed via an overnight courier service, telecopied or
mailed by registered or certified mail, as follows:
1.If given to the Company, at the address specified in Section II-E of
this Agreement; or
2.If given to any Member, at the address set forth opposite its name on the
attached Schedule A, or at such other address as such Member may designate in the
future by written notice to the Company.
3.All such notices shall be deemed to have been given when received.
B. Failure to Pursue Remedies.
The failure of any party to seek redress for violation of, or to insist upon the strict
performance of, any provision of this Agreement shall not prevent a subsequent act, which would
have originally constituted a violation, from having the effect of an original violation.
C. Cumulative Remedies.
The rights and remedies provided by this Agreement are cumulative and the use of any
one right or remedy by any party shall not preclude or waive its right to use any or all other
remedies. The rights and remedies are given in addition to any other rights the parties may have
by law, statute, ordinance or otherwise.
D. Binding Effect.
This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of all of the parties and, to
the extent permitted by this Agreement, their successors, legal representatives and assigns.
E. Severability.
The invalidity or unenforceability of any particular provision of this Agreement shall not
affect the other provisions of this Agreement, and this Agreement shall be construed in all
respects as if such invalid or unenforceable provision was omitted.
F. Counterparts.
This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts with the same effect as
if all parties had signed the same document. All counterparts shall be construed together and
shall constitute one instrument.
G. Governing Law.
This Agreement and the rights of the parties under this Agreement shall be interpreted in
accordance with the laws of the State of _____________________________________________
(Name of State) , and all rights and remedies shall be governed by such laws without regard to
principles of conflict of laws.
In witness, the parties have executed this Agreement the day and year first above written. ___________________________________________________
COMPANY
By: __________________________________________
(Name of Member One), and Individually
By: ___________________________________________
(Name of Member Two), and Individually
By: ___________________________________________
(Name of Member Three), and Individually
