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hi there in this business topic video we're going to introduce you to uh an important and widely used model of marketing strategy called STP which is all about segmentation targeting and positioning now when businesses make decision as to how to uh develop their marketing strategy and decide how to try to create value for customers there are essentially two issues they have to consider firstly of course they have to choose which customers they want want to Target which customers they want to sell to and the challenge here is to segment the market to find the different parts of the market that are most attractive and then to target which segments do they want to focus on in order to have the best chance of success and having identified the market segments and which are the ones they want to Target the next question is how best to compete in that market how to serve the customers in the target market segment and the issue here is around around Market positioning how do you uh identify the right positioning for your product in terms of the features that the Target customers want so what we'll do is we'll look very briefly at each of these things Market segmentation targeting and positioning we'll look in more detail at them in separate topic videos but for now let's just have an overview of each of the parts of this model segmentation targeting positioning which is often shorten shortened to s TP Market segmentation is about identifying the different parts of the market where customers have similar needs and wants of course the segment can be very large where nearly all the consumers in the market have similar needs and wants or it could be very specialist a niche segment and there are different ways as we'll see in a later video of segmenting a market perhaps based around household income so income segmentation perhaps based around uh age or or gender demographic segmentation where people live Geographic segmentation or the ways in which consumers behave behavioral segmentation so we'll look at those in more detail in a later video all you need to know for this stage though is that there are different ways of segmenting markets not just one the key benefit of segmenting a market is that enables a business to be much more focused around where it places its marketing efforts and particularly that's useful if you're developing new products and services designed to meet the specific needs and wants of the customers in that segment essentially the most important benefit of Market segmentation is it enables the marketing mix to be more accurate and to be better focused one of the issues of course with segmentation is that this isn't a precise science there's a lot of overlap between segments and uh just because you can identify what you believe to be be a group of customers with similar needs and wants doesn't mean that you'll be able to reach those customers and another issue with Market segmentation is that these segments are fast changing and very Dynamic so whilst you might be using some uh reasonably upto-date information about those segments it could easily be out of date by the time you're able to action it so Market segmentation is all about identifying the different parts of the market the next issue is how do you target the customers in the segments that you want to that you want to uh compete in uh there are three different ways of of targeting a market let's just briefly look at those firstly there's Mass marketing which is sometimes known as undifferentiated targeting and the the strategy here is that you target the whole Market you don't spend too much time trying to break the market down into different segments you try to find ways in which all customers needs and wants can be met and try to deliver a prod product that meets all of those needs and wants however very few businesses are able to do that successfully and increasingly of course what they find themselves doing is trying to break the market down into segments and in some way to differentiate their product so the idea here the strategy here is that you identify one or two or more target market segments within the broad market and then you design products and services that hopefully will be uh hitting the needs of customers each segment one of the implications for this is that you're going to probably need a separate marketing plan and a separate marketing mix for each of those segments and the third approach of targeting is to really focus and really concentrate your marketing concentrate your products on a very small part of the overall Market it's called a niche or concentrated marketing and the aim here of course is to try and identify a profitable Niche where you can very quickly build a strong Market Market position and hopefully maximize the returns and so we've dealt with targeting now and we've dealt with Market segmentation let's just spend a couple of minutes on what we mean by market positioning so having chosen which segments we want to Target and uh which customers are in those segments what we now have to do is to decide how to compete effectively in that target market and this concept is called the value proposition that's the essential part of Market position positioning the important thing here is to always remember that market positioning and the value proposition should be from the customer point of view not from the business's point of view because ultimately it's customers who buy products and services and it's if their view on what value is is different from what yours is that's tough it's those are the guys who are making the decisions so the value proposition is all about the position that a product takes in the market based around the dimensions that are important from the customer point of view and one way of of mapping this position particularly compared with the competition is to put together what's known as a a a market map or a positioning map so let's just briefly look at what we mean by a positioning map markets of course in terms of what customers want can be defined in various different dimensions obviously the most obvious one I guess isow low price to high price and similarly customers also have different needs and wants based around their need for basic quality all the way through to high quality but there are lots of other dimensions for example a product could be a necessity or it could at the other end of the scale be a luxury it could be very low Tech it could be very high-tech so what a market map or positioning map tries to do is to map the different positions or value propositions of products based around a selection of two dimensions and clearly those the dimensions that are chosen are subjective as is the position of the product on the on the on the positioning map so on the screen there is just an example of how you might position a bunch of different chocolate products based around two traditional dimensions of quality and price and you might argue as to whether we've put those products in the right position but that's just one perspective on that product and that market from one customer's perspective that's the idea of the positioning map to try and identify where there may be some gaps in the market that may be successful now don't forget with positioning the key issue here is it's from the point of view of customers and what a business needs to do is to try to find a value proposition that gives it a competitive Advantage what this means is that from the customer point of view the product is perceived as being offering Superior value however the customer determines value but there are lots of different ways in which value can be delivered let's just have a look at four possible positioning strategies before we finish one way of course is to offer much more value but for a low price lots of businesses try to offer that that good quality acceptable quality but for very low prices where the perceived value is is therefore High compared to the price uh how about the third one down there offering more for the same so the price stays the same but you reposition your product by maybe offering some new features or a better performance for the same price that might be a successful positioning strategy the key issue here is that there's more than one way of positioning a product for success but it's all about understanding how Val how customers perceive value so what we've done is we've just looked briefly there at this concept this Marketing Concept called STP segmentation targeting and positioning and what we'll do is we'll look at each of those three elements of marketing strategy in more detail in a subsequent topic video