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there's something in the water in new york city at least that's what new yorkers claim the city's water has been credited for making things like pizza and bagels taste better yet getting this water to the taps of over eight and a half million people is no easy feat from pristine reservoirs the scope and scale of this water supply was unlike anything that was ever tried in modern society to the state-of-the-art treatment facilities in this facility we're treating somewhere between 900 million to a billion gallons a day to the tops of some of new york city's famous skyscrapers without this infrastructure new york city would not be the metropolis it is today it's really important work that new yorkers don't see but they certainly appreciate every day when they turn on that tap and the water is there without having to think about it this is how a billion gallons of sparkling clean water gets to new york city every day [Music] while most of the city's water infrastructure is hidden from view there is at least one very visible piece [Music] it's a famous new york icon and a business that is still very much thriving today [Music] hi i'm henry rosenwach fifth generation of rosenwach tank so my great-grandfather harris rosenwach bought a barrel company in the 1800s and converted that at the time into the rosenwach tank company which is the company you see today from that point on it's been passed down from father to son my father always said without water tanks and rosenwach that new york city would go dry these wooden water tanks that dot new york skyline provide drinking water fire suppression or both to building six stories or higher they are built to last 30 years or more with so many tanks to maintain rosenwach tanks spend several days a week tearing down old tanks and replacing them with new ones you can't afraid of heights otherwise you can't do this job cj adonis has been working with rosenwach tanks for 17 years i'm from guyana and we're from buildings is not this tall and when i come to this country i was i was amazed of all these big skyscrapers and when i started working on the water towers it was amazing to me some people have to pay for the view i'm seeing the view free everything my dad always said that paris has the eiffel tower pisa has the leaning tower new york has the water tower there's no other place like new york that you see these wood water tanks in the skyline it's one of a kind [Music] when settlers first arrived on the shores of this marshy island a limited amount of usable water was available despite manhattan being surrounded by rivers their proximity to the ocean makes them too salty to be a source of drinking water fresh water ponds and springs and later the introduction of wells provided water for the city's growing population throughout early european settlements yet with the lack of any infrastructure for trash or sewage at the time residents would pour their waste into the streets or waterways by 1837 work was finally underway to engineer a system that would provide new york with a fresh supply of water not even 50 miles from the city a water source was waiting to be tapped the old croton dam was completed in 1842 an aqueduct carried water via gravity from the croton river in westchester county to reservoirs in manhattan clean water was welcomed into the city with much fanfare and essentially when they turned it on in july of 1842 many of these problems fire fill disease go away essentially overnight right it solves the public health issue the gravity-fed nature provides pressurized fire fighting the way we think of it today and they're able to keep the city healthy and clean [Music] so we're here today at new croton dam when it was built in 1905 it was the biggest dam in the world and as you can see it was built with this beautiful spillway that people come from all over to enjoy because sometimes mother nature gives us a little more water than we can hold on to today new york city receives 10 percent of its water from the croton system while this reservoir was a marvel on its own soon the city would need to find more water by the end of the 19th century the city as we know it today began to take shape the five boroughs consolidated to form the city of greater new york and its population began to soar growing by about 115 000 people per year by 1904 new york was home to 4 million the city barely escaped a water shortage more than once during this time the new york city board of water supply was created in 1905 and tasked with finding another source of water at whatever cost many towns in upstate new york were claimed via imminent domain they were flooded so that new york city could keep growing this played out throughout the 20th century creating what is today the catskill delaware watershed system together they provide the city with 90 percent of its water the ashokan reservoir is just one of 19 reservoirs in the system four towns were submerged and eight were relocated by the time the reservoir was completed in 1915 more than 2 thousand people were forced out of their homes often without fair compensation or ample notice this is really the only place you can come and hear your water sink to you because as the water runs through these units runs through these pipes runs through the baffles it creates this little hum don't stay too long it'll turn your brain to pea soup no it won't do that the city prides itself on having one of the only sources of unfiltered water in the country it is only treated with chlorine fluoride food grade phosphoric acid and uv lights at facilities like this one the catskill delaware uv treatment facility in westchester county new york so in this facility we're treating somewhere between 900 million to a billion gallons a day the water flows into one of the 56 tanks each one equipped with 210 uv light bulbs as it flows through at 1.5 meters per second the light kills waterborne pathogens that could make humans sick [Music] this facility like all our facilities are built not for the city we have today but the city we might have a hundred years from now right so this was built to treat more than two billion gallons of water we only use less than one billion after the water is treated it can then continue its journey to the city water reaches the city via three main tunnels aptly named water tunnels one two and three the first two began operating in 1917 and 1936 respectively the third has been in use with different sections opening in 1998 and 2013. it is just now nearing its final stages of completion after more than 50 years of construction it is the most expensive capital project the city has ever taken on with the price tag of 6 billion despite its international fame new york's water system doesn't come without its share of problems in the early 1990s leaks were discovered in the delaware aqueduct the aqueduct is tasked with providing the city with 500 million gallons of water a day yet it has been leaking 20 million gallons every day for the past 30 years a solution with a 1.2 billion dollar estimated price tag has been in the works for years the delaware aqueduct bypass tunnel will allow the city to drain the main aqueduct for repairs and re-route the water around the damaged tunnel you know that new york city's water is heralded around the world as being some of the best water anywhere but certainly it doesn't happen by accident right a lot of planning decades centuries of planning went into building this system and that planning goes on to this very day from mountain streams to the tops of skyscrapers this is the system that new yorkers and its visitors can thank for its water that's only if they ever stop to think about it as a new yorker we are very fortunate to have running water it's something we do take for granted every day [Music] we're sort of the great silent service you wake up in the morning to brush your teeth take a shower make your coffee you turn that tap the water has been there every single day since 1842. we take a lot of pride in that if we're doing our job right new yorkers should never have to think about where their water is coming from or the quality of the water [Music] you