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Hello Everyone! Welcome to Engineering and Automation Youtube Channel. Today we are going to learn about the basics of Building Management System BMS This will be series of videos, where we will be explaining all about the Building Management System So Please SUBSCRIBE! and stay tuned What is a BMS System? Let's take this high rise building for an example This building will have many Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing Equipments. Mechanical Equipment’s such as Chiller, Chilled Water pumps, Water Heaters.. Ventilation systems such as Air Handling Units, Fans etc., Electrical Equipment’s such as Escalators, Lighting, Electrical panels etc., These Equipment's will work standalone without any coordinated functionality For example, to provide comfort in the building, the chiller should be delivering the temperature at a certain degree Celsius. Without a coordinated system, it is very difficult to manage all these Equipment's manually. This is where the BMS comes in to Action. BMS connects all these Equipment's in a Centralized manner BMS controls, Monitors and Optimizes these MEP Equipment’s Using Hardware and Software Components It is a package of Intelligent Microprocessor based controllers Which connects directly to these Equipment's at Field Level The Controller sends the data to a Management system Where the datas taken from the field equipment’s are translated in to a Graphical User Interface Format (GUI) BMS provided Comfort to the Building Occupants Energy Savings to the Client Easier Troubleshooting opportunities to the Building Operator The BMS system comprises of three main levels First one is the Field Level This level refers to sensors, Instruments, Valves, Actuators, Thermostat, IO Modules etc., This level plays an Important role in the Building Management System As the actions taken by the BMS system is purely based on the inputs received from this level Next is the Automation Level This can be called as the brain of the Building Management System. It consists of Compact or Modular DDC controllers The DDC process the inputs from the field devices and takes action to provide comfort to the building occupants and safety/security to the building Equipment's. The DDC's are freely programmable The controllers can be connected to a hand held operator terminal To control or monitor the field equipment's at the field level without the requirement of any management system Next is the Management Level The management level provides an intractable user interface to the building operator It displays all the information taken from the field level by the controllers In a graphical user interface format The management level either can be a PC or a HMI (Human Machine Interface) The Management level can also send data Via text or email message in case of any critical alarms The field level sensors and devices are connected to the automation level Via hardwired connections typically with a single pair cables The operator terminal can be connected either via a bus cable or a standard ethernet cable The automation level is connected to the management level via BACnet/IP protocol With the use of building Structural cable networks Let's look in to the communication protocols being used in the BMS system. The most commonly used protocol is BACnet protocol It is a Building Automation Control network protocol developed and managed by ASHRAE It is an open protocol for the BMS system Where different BMS systems can be integrated Next widely used protocol is..... LON Talk. Local Operating Network It is widely used in low bandwidth applications. Next is Modbus, it is a Serial communication protocol which uses Master/Slave Technology This is a very old protocol, which is being used in the PLC's from 1979. Most commonly used communication protocols are..... BACnet over Ethernet/IP BACnet over LON BACnet over MSTP Modbus via RS-485 Modbus via RS-232 Modbus via TCP/IP BMS has many features. Which makes it as an important system in building comfort and safety applications Let's see some of the features here.... First one is the Graphical User Interface (GUI All the BMS system provides a Graphical User Interface which represents the 2D or 3D view of the equipment's It also displays the sensors installed in the Equipment Next, the most important feature of BMS is Alarm Management Functionality. BMS system provides a variety of alarm management functions. It is also possible for the BMS system to send alarm information to an external program such as Maintenance Management System (MMS) To generate work orders based on the alarm descriptions. In order to identify if the equipment's are performing effectively.. BMS provide the trend management functionality It displays RAW value in a time based graph These graphs can be exported in to an Excel format for Analysis Since the BMS system is also referred as an Energy Management System (EMS) It provides a functionality to control the Equipment's based on time. Known as the Time Scheduler The Time Scheduler let's the operator to decide when to turn ON and turn OFF the equipment's The AHU serving the office can be programmed to turn ON only during the work hours For ex: from 7 am to 6 pm And from 6 pm till next day 7 am, the AHU will be switched OFF to save Energy. This is very helpful in many cases where the equipment's can be configured to turn off when there is no occupancy in the building. Let's get to know about the History of BMS a little bit. In the 1880's. Warren Johnson (the founder of Johnson Controls) Patented the electric tele-thermoscope. (Now known as the Thermostat) It is a bi-metal coil with mercury switch which is used to alert the fireman to open/close the heating damper. Late Warren Johnson developed his Thermostat to a multi zone temperature control system Using pneumatic controls The pneumatic control uses compressed air to Open/Close pneumatic control valves Or Open/Close Air Dampers It was widely used in the Building controls till the 1960's From the 1970's the pneumatic controls were replaced by electric controls And the building controls evolved in to Building automation controls. Building Automation control uses DDC's (Direct Digital Controllers) With relays to control the HVAC Equipment's In today's world, the Building Management System is not only used in HVAC applications But also used to integrate various building systems in to one BMS plays an important role in Smart cities and Building energy efficiency. It also saves Operation costs to the building owner BMS has many advantages Some of the advantages are shown here First one is Lower Operation and Maintenance costs With automated functionality, BMS provides lower operation and maintenance costs To the building owner Next one is... increased comfort and efficiency of equipment's. With the ability to fine tune the system, BMS increases comfort to building occupants. Also the efficiency of the equipment increases. It also improves, building security and Equipment's safety With the ability to alert immediately in case on any abnormalities... BMS improves equipment's safety and building security With its ability to transfer the data to a Maintenance Management System, BMS increases staff's productivity and performance. These are the basics of the BMS system. Now..... In the construction industry across the world... Building Management System is also referred as IBMS, BAS, BACS, EMS etc., IBMS Integrated Building Management System When multiple third party systems such as Fire Alarm, Access Control, Lighting control, Parking Management system etc., Are integrated with the Building Management system, It is referred to an Integrated Building Management system. This allows the building operator to have a centralized control of All the systems from one place Next is the BAS... Building Automation System This is a standalone system without any Management Functionality Typically with a DDC control panel and a hand held operator terminal. Next is BACS... Building Automation Control System This is similar to the Building Management System, But in some cased PLC controllers are used with SCADA system Also in some cases, BACS also controls Fire & Life Safety equipment's Last is the EMS. Energy Management System When additional energy management functions are used in the BMS system, It is referred to an Energy Management System Such kind of features are used in the Green Building applications. With this we have come to the end of this video. I hope you like the Video. If you have any suggestions or comments, please leave it in the comment section Also, please subscribe for more videos like this.