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[Music] this time i would like to talk about the flow of marine transportation especially in this topic i'll focus on fcl cargo how is a cargo actually transported in marine transportation it's important for beginners and apprentices of logistics to understand the flow of cargo and its paperwork first of all let's understand the overall logistics flow then you will know what to do in each section in the flow first let's see the production work in a factory it is quite rare for an individual person to use containers for transportation but some factories produce goods every day and ship them overseas every week our customers also transport various cargos by marine transportation including automotive parts frozen foods paper leather products cosmetics scraps packaging materials and so on once the qc of a completed product is done a factory shipping representative send a booking to a forwarder at this time the followings are informed type and number of containers pick up date loading place unloading place cut off etd eta and free time based on the information the forwarder prepares vessels trucks custom clearance and confirms necessary documents basically many customers request a one-stop logistics service which has advantages of having a single contact to complete logistics to a forwarder and checking the necessary documents is especially important if any of information is wrong a cargo cannot pass through custom clearance properly nor board a vessel in addition if a certificate of origin has a mistake a cargo is not allowed for duty reduction we need special attention for paperwork mistakes to pick up a cargo we visit a container depot to pick up an empty container in the morning of the cargo pickup or in the evening of the day before container depots are also referred to as container van pools the depot was stacked with lots of used shipping company containers that have been cleaned and repaired when picking up an empty container we have to be careful of the quality of the container a poor quality container is sometimes assigned even though we have booked a container grade a our services to ensure that our truck drivers check the quality of the containers they pick up and deliver them to our customers once the empty container is delivered to customers factory we load cargo into it a large-scale customer may use dozens of containers a day we calculate the time to load and also manages trucks delivery schedule the container may shake greatly at sea so it is important that cargo is not moved inside it must also be lashed firmly the container arrives at a port where it is loaded onto a vessel the term cutoff is used for deadline of container gate in at the port in addition container return means that it has to go back to port to be loaded on a vessel before the container is loaded on a vessel afr vgm and export custom clearance have to be completed as you see you have to apply a lot of applications before a cargo is loaded onto a vessel a really large number of containers are being collected in a terminal therefore cutoff must be kept because enough time for loading and unloading in a port is necessary when a container is loaded onto a vessel it is lifted and loaded by a large crane called a gantry crane the total weight of the container is a major issue since it is being lifted some customers inquire whether a 40 feet container can carry twice the weight of a 20 feet container but it can't keep in mind that cargo way is roughly limited to about 25 tons whether 20 feet or 40 feet like this lots of containers are loaded onto a vessel there is a limit of the space on a vessel as you see the picture depending on the season it can be difficult to keep a space bl is issued when a container is loaded onto a vessel let's take a look at the flow bl is issued by a forwarder and it is sent to shipper during the time payment for goods is made between shipper and consignee for original bl shipper will send the original vl to consignee by a courier service such as dhl or fedex thus consignee must obtain bl to pick up do a container is repeatedly loaded and unloaded at each port while being rocked in a vessel on a sea a vessel is sometimes delayed due to the weather but this can't be helped marine transportation can take a few days to arrive if it's the close ocean but it may take up to two months if it's a long route like japan europe before vessel arrived to the port a rival notice is issued and sent by an importer's forwarder to consignee arrival notice has a number of costs such as terminal handling charge and do fees which an importer has to pay let's take a closer look at the import process an importer must obtain do which is a delivery note so the amount of money that is written on arrival notice is paid to a forwarder at the same timing of the arrival notice payment bl is also submitted if it's an original bl the original document is submitted and if it's surrendered bl a copy is submitted to a forwarder in exchange for arrival notice payments and bl submission on importers forwarder releases deal to consignee in order for an importer to pick up a container not only deal but also import custom clearance must be completed documents such as invoice packing list and certificate of origin are entered into the system and a shipping person declares the import if there is no problem with the declaration they issue an import permit but if not an inspection will be required having obtained do and completed import clearance consignee can submit do to container yard and they pick up the container from the yard a trailer arrives at the destination and the cargo is unloaded this is the end of delivery let's look back at each process here a product is made in the factory there is a booking request from a customer a forwarder arranges all logistics all required documents are checked an empty container is picked up an empty container is delivered to a customer and a cargo is picked up the cargo arrives at a port at this time we have to go through vgm and export custom clearance the container is loaded onto a vessel the l is issued when the vessel leaves the port marine transportation is done this is where we move on to the import step arrival notice is issued two to three days before the vessel arrives at a port an importer pays a rival notice and also submits bl d o is released from forwarder to importer we must also clear import custom clearance d o is submitted in a yard and the cargo's is released the cargo is being delivered after all this process the cargo is finally sent to the overseas destination how did you like it it looks like we're just transporting cargo in a container but there are various documents required in the process if there is a mistake in the documents a cargo will not be transported smoothly please understand the whole cargo and documents process so that you can make smooth international logistics arrangements