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what are the competences of the European Union that is what we are going to see right now there are in fact of three types European Union can have exclusive competences shared competences or supporting competences we are now going to detail each of these through the most practical and meaningful example possible let's start with exclusive competences an exclusive competence consists of Neriah well only the union can it's late the member states can only intervene upon Union authorization or to implement Union tax a list of these exclusive competences is set out in article 3 of the treaty on the functioning of the European Union and includes the monetary policy the commercial policy and custom Union the conservation of the marine biological resources and the competition policy which includes all the rules necessary for the functioning of the internal markets a good example in this framework is the commercial policy the commercial policy is by simplifying the policy governing trade barriers like custom duties or quotas or compaction rules like mergers the Union exclusive competence is seen in particular within the World Trade Organization to which the European Union has acceded and which negotiates treaties or agreements in its own name in the WTO the European Union negotiates Vives treaties and agreements with third parties for example with the u.s. once the deal is reached 27th member states are going to discuss it among themselves the third party will not have any interaction with the Member States and only with the European Union's representatives however the European Union does not represent individual member states and states remain free to negotiate bilateral or multilateral treaties on their behalf let them continue with the shared competences they are contained in article 4 of the treaty and the functioning of the European Union here we will pick on of concurrent competences it means that the member states remain competent as long as the Union has not intervened therefore the Member States can no longer intervene once a union legislations as Hansard into force however action by the Union does not totally rule out actions by the member states in that it is it is still possible that the Union may lay down on the moon rules after which the member states are free to adopt more binding rules or that the union itself may have left gaps in the system it wanted to set up to give the national authorities greater room for maneuver in adapting its rules thus for example the European Union has a shared competence with the member states in environmental matters an important part of the environmental standards to be respected comes from the European Union which sets the meaning framework at each states must respect the member states can then be either adopt the minimum framework or go further and impose stricter standards at national level let them see the supporting competences the sole rule here of the European Union is to support coordinates all supplements the action of the Member States it cannot impose the harmonization of different rules between member states the most meaningful current example is the European health policy which six among other things to protect and improve health to ensure equal access to effective care for all Europeans and to coordinate responses to still use health threats an important rule is also given to the prevention and control of disease this policy which is both well-known for the famous European health insurance card and at the same time little known is described in more detail in your article question and answers to mrs. to Governor on lecture at the University to resign capital and share the Germany of European health law which we invite you to read at the end of this video to exercise these various competences the European Union is subjected to fundamental principles contained in article 5 of the treaty and the functioning of the European Union the first principle is the one of proportionality which requires that the content and form of the European Union should not exceed what is necessary to achieve the objectives in power by the treatise the second principle is a principle of security which only concerns shared our supporting competences the European Union should intervene only if the objective of the proposed action cannot be achieved satisfactorily by the countries of the European Union and can be achieved more easily or more effectively at the European Union level what is important to remember about the competencies of the European Union can be summed up as follows it has three types of competences firstly exclusive competences the European Union acts alone or allows member state to act with its to complement its action then we have shared competences member states are free to act as long as the European Union has not himself intervening and then we have supporting competences the European Union's role here is merely to coordinate various actions of the Member States and can't force harmonization of the various rules laid down to exercise its competitors it must respect two fundamental principles its action must be proportional no more than what is necessary and based on study jority the action at its level must be more effective than action at member state level