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Pest control bill format for Planning

all right thank you miss mention my name is Evan Severson I'm in the Department of Entomology here at Iowa State and we're gonna change directions a little bit and talk about the Iowa pest resistance management plan so as far as this or this conference happening here its lucky I was not gonna be in Georgia so I get to present this here so that works out so the Iowa pest resistance management plan is a plan that's that's involving all sectors of I Oh agriculture to address the issue of pest resistance so pest resistance management is the effort to slow development of pest resistance Pesta adaptation to chemical genetic in agronomy control practices we one of foster methods of early resistance detection and help slow or help address resistance when it does inevitably arise so we recognize that this we want farm or pest resistance management to be an integral part of farm business planning and not just a reaction after problems already arise but to do this we recognize it's going to involve coordinated partnerships because this is a problem across agriculture that it cannot be solved by individually by it and by a farmer or but just by government or by universities so this whole plan was started and a couple years back in the beginning of 2015 the iowa department of agriculture and land stewardship I am is you cows and then representatives from all the different sectors within Iowa agriculture got together and decided that we needed to try to address the increasing problematic increasing problem of pest resistance with within the state but in order to do so is going to require participation in coordination across all members across all sectors of Iowa agriculture and that we needed to have a codified unit or a unified consistent message that everyone can give so there's no confusion about what we need to do and what the problem is so at the meeting what was kind of decided was that we wanted the effort to earn that the everyone wanted the effort to be voluntary we wanted to minimize regulatory intervention and it has to be flexible it has to be adaptive because different pest complexes are going to require different different approaches as well as different problems in different locations and different localities addition to we want to of course base the plan on the most current up-to-date state of science that we have available but also we have to acknowledge that it has to work for farmers we have to acknowledge the current economic realities that farmers face in order to expect them to change their management practices again we have to have a coordinate across all sectors industry farmers agricultural professionals government and university during I work together to try to promote some of these ideas so some of the major tenants are besides being voluntary try to reduce regulatory intervention has to be community-based these pests many of these pests are to varying degrees mobile farmer cannot apply these practices on their own and expect to be have no chance of getting resistance because pests will do not acknowledge field borders and if even if you're doing everything correctly pests will move from your neighbor so we have to get everyone working together and working at the same time at the same goals has to be adaptive to work it we're a little working with different pests we're looking at different economic or at different realities ing to how agronomic practices in different regions and in the end what we want people to understand is that or what we were trying to go after is that we want to preserve the viability of these pest management technologies that people are reliant upon and people really highly value because we want to help preserve farm profitability for the long term not just looking at short-term short-term profits so starting in 2015 the this there's a framework that was developed for the plan to go through all these points but in the end if playing a framework was developed and then a plan was written it was approved last December and then officially unveiled this past year January so as long as it's a long time in the making we're kind of just getting it rolled out here this spring in this summer so if you look at the plan that's kind of four main parts a governance state of the science communication and outreach and the patent a set of pilot projects that are being developed so like I said we want everything be based on those current up-to-date science that is available and fortunately a lot of work a lot of talented smart people have gotten done a lot of good work on this so we have experts on insect weed and disease resistance were involved in creating the plane and are going to be involved in the implementation of the project as well as people to consult on economic and sociological considerations so some of the there's there is consistencies between different between pest management resistance between different pests you know you need to diversify practices and to try to reduce selection pressure at the same time there's going to be differences between weeds between we pest insects and diseases as well as management practices and reaching the region and how people practice we need to get the point across that there are North's no silver bullets that if we some sometimes hear the idea that farmers are just going to wait around and wait for industry to innovate us out of this problem but anyone who knows the current trajectory of development of new modes of action and insecticides and special herbicides knows that this is simply not very realistic it's not going to happen there hasn't been a new mode of action introduced in herbicides for in decades so there's a lot of challenges that we have to face but the good thing is that there's also a lot of common ground that we can get through some of these community actions like I said we're again since we're getting all these different sectors of Agriculture involved in it in the end it's in interest of everybody the farmers of course don't want resistant pests in their fields at the same time industry wants to protect their technology that they spent so much money developing so at the same time we have to recognize that we're asking people to do something that is not easy there's going to be a short-term increase in input costs and time and management complexity and what they're what we're saying what you get for is long term kind of preserve your long term productivity and profitability as far as running the plan there's a program manager it's myself that's responsible for day-to-day implementation of the plan working with the Committee of the science outreach communication and the pilot projects and then to also kind of keep the kinds of leadership of the plan abreast kind of keep them informed of progress play in progress and keep all the different sectors knowing what's going on and how things are working communication and outreach is an integral part of this plan so this plan is not a lot of the research has already been done and for a lot of these things I'm not gonna say we know everything but we have a pretty good idea of how things of we can put test plots and and the chance of developing resistance is going to be low however what's frustrating for a lot of people is that the adoption of these practices has not been what we need it to be and so we're trying to different we're trying a different approach or trying to approach and do it like a community-wide effort to try to get people to get the get the information they need and get the information that they need to the people that they trust one thing that I guess I think is not maybe not cleared maybe not all cleared it wasn't clear to me at least I won't speak for anyone else is that farmers have different sources of information some trust extension a lot some don't trust Iowa State at all and they mostly go to their agricultural retailers which despite the fact that they're the ones selling them products that's who they go for that's who they trust and so we need to get them on board and get them in agreement and have the same message that we're what we're trying to promote we're trying to get the information out that it's not an accident again it's not an academic issue that our long-term goal is to protect farm profitability and to protect these technologies that everyone that everyone enjoys using most or many farmers definitely enjoy using a BT corn rather than applying a soil implied in soil applied insecticide but they have to know that that is in danger of losing those technologies so in addition for the communication providing education materials and developing resources and getting them out where people can get access to them there we have a website that protect Iowa crops that or they'll kind of serve as a central hub for resources progress news information related to the plan a lot of the plan is based on this on a logic model that was developed that was kind of based on sociological principles to work from follow from back to front on the end outcome that we're looking for is slow development of pest resistance and you know continued efficacy of all these technologies of the herbicides insecticides and traded crops we that everyone is reliant upon but in order to get there we first have to have changes in and use changes and management and land use which involves you know people having you know adopting resistant management practices so you know increase use of crop rotation rotating modes of action using cultural techniques to try to reduce that selection pressure before we can get there it's going to involve you know inputs and changes in human behavior including get it get the proper education to everyone get engaged in the community so everyone has the same message and so if people aren't getting aren't hearing conflicting reports of what they're trying to do everyone has a clear idea of what they're so no matter what source they go to they hear the same message will kind of reinforce what we're trying to do we're gonna support workshops and meetings and kind of get work with people in the field to try to find out so to try out what the barriers are to adopting some of these practices they may be economic they may be a management they may be you know simple awareness or knowledge so the other part integral part of this of this plan is the development of pilot projects so these pilot projects are intended to be examples of successful implementation of the best management of these resistant management practices and to show that that that if some that is possible and that you know show that they work and also provides us an opportunity to to test methods in order to gain community community involvement to get get the messages out there and how we're actually going to get the information to the people that we want how to persuade them to adopt some of these practices so when considering different pilot projects look at a number of different criteria including the pest pressure the impacts on farm productivity by the past current pest management tech techniques whether that varies region to region if there's a community in place that we can kind of tap into and leverage that for some of getting there in our information out so currently we're looking at four pilot projects Western corn rootworm resistance to BT trait BT traded corn and which is going to take place in north eastern and north central Iowa resistance to pyrethroids and soybean aphid which will take place in northwestern Iowa Palmer amaranth and other weeds in Harrison County which is far western Iowa near Nebraska and resistant waterhemp and store it right here in Story County so the first project is looking at Western corn rootworm resistance to bt traits in north central northeastern Iowa so BT traded corn that was because a BT traded corn that targeted underground pests was first you know available in the early 2000s in 2009 dr. Gasman here at Iowa State identified or described some populations that had unexpected feeding and were resistant to the cry 3bb one trait you know over subsequent years he showed that there's cross resistance between between three of the four traits that target these underground pests the fourth trait cry 3435 as there's a slight amount of resistance but it's very low it's very localized in a small area and there's an incomplete resistance and so a lot of what we're trying to do is we want to protect that last B cheese cry 3435 and keep that going as long as we can before because there's there's going to be down the line there's some new technologies some mr.rai technologies become out later but it's going to be awhile and that's going to be depend on having viable bt traits available so some of the factors that increase incidence of development of bt resistance include continuous corn because of the biology of the Western corn rootworm rotation is a very effective way to break them up but peoples for various reasons still playing continuous corn which really increases the population continuous use of the same BT traits especially single traded corn in those early studies where the first identified resistance to it they all say for the most part took place and fields that had planted corn at least three years in a row of a single BT trait in addition just high corn rootworm populations and so we want we're trying to do with the pilots get people to adopt these resistant management practices including increased use of crop rotation use of peer amended BT traits and rotated with non-bt using a soil implied this insecticide so we began to meet with we've been forming these teams that we meet with the locals in the area working with agronomist and crop advisors seed dealers and I and we're starting to talk to the agricultural retailers and finding out the barriers to implementing some of these practices that I was referring to the soybean aphid resistance to pyrethroids is Morvan this is a different project it's more of an emerging threat instead of an established one this is one that's kind of on the horizon resistance to pyrethroids and soybean aphid was has been documented in Minnesota of southwestern and western Minnesota over the past few years and is just you know just starting to move down in Iowa there's at least one confirmed case in 2016 in northwest Iowa and there's there's limited you know there's limited and sexercise that are available to use we realized pyrethroids and and some organophosphates so what we were trying to do is but for this one is get I guess a educate farmers about the risk of pyrethroids resistance and you know kind of get adoption of some of the best management practices so Palmer or Harrison County Iowa was the distinction of being the first first documented case of Palmer amaranth in the state of course since so all over the state now but there's nothing to do with Harrison County so it's introduced in Harrison County but as a byproduct of corn processing and you know they're those populations are actually still there so we're trying to look at says why that location was chosen and then we have a kind of like an enthusiastic local farmer there's kind of serving as a champion of this project and we have a bunch of at the moment we have a survey that has gone out to local farmers to gauge both awareness and interest in these issues as well as there's an event just this past Monday that kind of served as a roll out of the project and kind of and and kind of recruit more participation in the project we've currently got a pretty broad section this we've got not in addition to the farmers in the local agronomist we have agricultural retailers and seed dealers as well as lenders because that's an important we have to address as well for anything about oh in addition we're kind of also playing with the idea at you know so since these projects are supposed to be largely run from at the grassroots level not dictated down from above because we don't want it to be something that as soon as Iowa State steps away everyone drops their practices we wanted to be kind of kind of a process that's led from from the localities that we're doing and so at their interest we're also looking doing include some other herbicide resistant weeds including water hemp horse weed and giant ragweed so the let the second weed project in the last of these four pilots involves herbicide resistant waterhemp which is you know widespread in Story County as it is Iowa and you know the whole entire Corn Belt where herbicide resistance is extremely common at this point multiple herbicide resistances are more the rule rather than the exception and so that's it's a problem in corn and especially in soybean production because there's limited options available even when people are trying to do trying to rotate herbicides as much as they can whether if you have an unusually dry form after a pre-emergent herbicide was put on that can really cause problems so in addition to so when this so the story county was chosen for not only it's convenient for in location you know near Iowa state but also that is there's a lot of there's there's many seed companies that have a lot of high involvement in the area and so we're bringing them on board because they're definitely have a lot of clout with a lot of people and so we get them on board and they're they're interested in their are coming up with ideas that we can kind of engage with farmers and agronomist as well so as we're trying to engage with these communities and get them going this is a figure from book called diffusions of innovations by rogers we're kind of dish it's just kind of a figure that kind of shows who as people are adopting new technologies or new ideas so the people that we are going for are going to be we're at this stage right down here we're trying to get the what they call the innovators these are the people who are who go out and seek knowledge with the first people to try things they're not there the the mean but they are the people are to try things we get them first and get them on board and then we kind of move into more in the general population as the idea starts rolling so a lot of people involved in this for a couple years you have people mainly people from you know here at Iowa State Iowa Department of Agriculture and land stewardship as well as corn growers I would soybean association and the technology companies as well true and I mean and that's a good point so much did I say with that we are not only I guess in some ways targeting those those innovators those people that'll be initially involved in it but at the same at the other time those kind of self-select for that whether we try it or not those are gonna be the first people on board at the same time we want to try to target you know kind of like a broad cross-section of the of the people out there so we're not only using more technology you know Twitter and social media and everything else but we also want to hit some of the old-school things you know you know we want to hit the coffee shops you want to use kind of unfilled days to go so we can get everyone at least to be familiar with this so then when they start hearing it usually takes a few times of hearing an idea before you'll accept it so yeah yes [Music] no it's true and there's there is some degree we have to try to get around this there are there's some degree of reluctance among farmers they you know they'll talk about yield but they don't really want to talk all the time about the financial part of it or they might be protective of how they're getting there they you know everyone wants to have to clean this field they want to have the highest yield of you know compared to their farmers but they might they might share that information they might not depending on how open they are how well they trust the people that were there with and so I guess your questions as far as getting false information out I mean people are going to listen to who the people that they trust I guess so you know par what we're trying to do is trying to get to identify some of those key influencers that do have that ability to spread their information and if they're on board with us then we can kind of expand out and then people and people see their neighbors their relatives that are you know say we get a one guy that's bought in maybe his brother farms also and he can get that information out to him and so we are you know it is it's a tough issue I mean if we if it was easy we wouldn't be where we're at a lot of this information has been known for years and people were still where we're at we're still I mean you know that's why it's just some degree were kind of a victim of our own success we have produced we the larger we have produced you know these technologies have been extremely efficient extremely successful I mean with widespread adoption glyphosate resistant crops for example but it's caused people to kind of fall into the easy traps of just why put down a pre-emergent herbicides why you know stop cultivating and stuff doing other things just to you know when you can apply glyphosate twice but then of course that's leads to where we're at [Music] no I mean that's our ideal situation right exactly we actually do have an example I didn't put anything it in here where there's a group somewhere and I well I'm not going to say where where they basically we found Palmer amaranth in their in their fields I think it was brought in by a dairy farmer who brought in hay from from Kansas and some cotton byproducts was feed from the south and they kind of basically they've gotten together they know they've down the pipeline they went to it a the extension agronomist in the region he contacted us that's why we know about it so we're talking with them and kind of I've been in some communication with them and we're trying to strike that viewpoint or that that sweet spot between supporting them but not taking it over because we want the effort to be on their side and so but they're starting to on their own they got together they are having meetings or they're helping you all they're loaning equipment because they see it as an issue that's not just themselves but is a it's a community-wide effort they don't want Palmer to spread across all their fields and so they're working together so then so we're kind of setting it up where they do what they want to do but then we have it very clear that we are there to support them and provide resources or information or help set up meetings or you know whatever we can do to try to support their efforts so yeah [Applause]