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Escrow Agreement with Deposit of Earnest Money

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ESCROW AGREEMENT

(Deposit of Earnest Money with Escrow Agent in Connection with Planned Purchase of Properties)

This Escrow Agreement (the “Escrow Agreement” or the “Agreement”) is effective (the “Effective Date”). It is between , a corporation (the “Buyer”), whose address is , and , a corporation (the “Seller”), whose address is , and Bank (the “Escrow Agent”), whose address is . Buyer and Seller may be referred to collectively as the “Parties” or individually as a “Party.”

Buyer has requested and Seller has agreed to deposit a certain cash sum in an escrow fund to be maintained pursuant to this Escrow Agreement: (i) to evidence and secure the commitment of Buyer to negotiate in good faith toward execution of a mutually satisfactory written Purchase and Sale Agreement (the “Purchase and Sale Agreement”) with respect to Seller assigning to Buyer those oil and gas properties identified in Exhibit “A”; (ii) upon execution of the Purchase and Sale Agreement, to secure Buyer's performance obligations under the Purchase and Sale Agreement; and, (iii) in consideration of Seller entering into negotiations with Buyer with respect to the Purchase and Sale Agreement.

Buyer and Seller desire Escrow Agent to act in the capacity of Escrow Agent under this Escrow Agreement.

In consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained in this Escrow Agreement, the Parties agree as follows:

1. Appointment of Escrow Agent. Buyer and Seller appoint Escrow Agent as the escrow agent and Escrow Agent accepts the appointment.

2. Deposit. Upon execution of this Escrow Agreement, Buyer will deliver to Escrow Agent the sum of Dollars ($ ) (the “Deposit”) to be held by Escrow Agent in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

3. Investment of the Deposit. Escrow Agent shall invest the Deposit only upon the written request of the Parties specifying the type and identity of the investment to be made. The request shall include all information Escrow Agent may require. Escrow Agent shall not be liable for failure to invest funds absent sufficient written direction. Receipt or investment of the Deposit shall be confirmed by Escrow Agent as soon as practicable by an account statement unless otherwise indicated. Any discrepancies shall be noted by any Party to Escrow Agent within a reasonable time prior to the next account statement. Failure to inform Escrow Agent in writing of any discrepancies shall conclusively be deemed confirmation of the accuracy of the account statement in its entirety. Unless otherwise directed, Escrow Agent may use a broker-dealer of its own selection, including a broker-dealer owned by or affiliated with Escrow Agent or any of its affiliates. The Parties shall be liable for all brokerage costs and related expenses incurred under this Agreement. Escrow Agent shall not be liable for and shall be indemnified by the other Parties from all liability for losses on any investments, market risk due to premature liquidation, or other actions taken in compliance with this Escrow Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Escrow Agent may, in its discretion, accept directions or instructions whether given orally, by telephone, or by facsimile, which Escrow Agent believe to be genuine, but Escrow Agent shall not be liable for executing, failing to execute, or for any mistake in the execution of any orders except in case of willful default.

4. Disbursement of Deposit. Escrow Agent is authorized to only make disbursements of the Deposit as follows:

a. Upon receipt of a written confirmation from Seller and Buyer stating that a Purchase and Sale Agreement has been executed and the contemplated transactions has closed, the Deposit to Buyer and any interest earned on the Deposit to Buyer.

b. Upon receipt of a written confirmation from Seller and Buyer stating that Buyer has caused the termination of negotiations toward a Purchase and Sale Agreement, the Deposit to Buyer and any interest earned on the Deposit to Seller.

c. Upon receipt of a written confirmation from Seller and Buyer stating that Seller has caused the termination of negotiation toward a Purchase and Sale Agreement, the Deposit to Buyer and any interest earned on the Deposit to Buyer.

d. Upon receipt of a written confirmation from Seller stating that Buyer, through no fault of Seller, fails, refuses, or is unable to close the transactions contemplated by the executed Purchase and Sale Agreement other than as expressly permitted by the Purchase and Sale Agreement, the Deposit and any interest earned on the Deposit to Seller, as agreed liquidated damages and not as a penalty.

e. Upon receipt of a written confirmation from Buyer and Seller stating that Seller, through no fault of Buyer, fails, refuses, or is unable to close the transactions contemplated by the executed Definitive Agreement other than as expressly permitted by the Purchase and Sale Agreement, the Deposit and any interest earned on the Deposit to Buyer, as agreed liquidated damages and not as a penalty.

f. As described on Exhibit “B” to this Escrow Agreement.

g. As permitted by this Escrow Agreement, to Escrow Agent.

5. Tax Matters. Each Party shall provide Escrow Agent with its taxpayer identification number documented by an appropriate Form W-8 or W-9 or certification of foreign taxpayer exemption within days after the Effective Date and prior to any investment of the Deposit.

6. Scope of Undertaking. Escrow Agent's duties and responsibilities shall be purely ministerial and shall be limited to those expressly set forth in this Escrow Agreement. Escrow Agent is not a principal, participant, or beneficiary of any transaction underlying this Escrow Agreement and shall have no duty to inquire beyond the terms and provisions of this Agreement. Escrow Agent shall have no responsibility or obligation of any kind in connection with this Escrow Agreement or the Deposit, and shall not be required to deliver all or part of the Deposit or take any action with respect to any matters that might arise in connection with this Agreement or the Deposit, other than to receive, hold, invest, and deliver the Deposit.

7. Reliance and Liability. Escrow Agent may rely on and shall not be liable for acting or refraining from acting upon any written notice, instruction or request or other paper furnished to it and reasonably believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper Party or Parties.

8. Right of Interpleader. Should any controversy arise involving one or both of the Parties or any other person, firm or entity with respect to this Escrow Agreement or the Deposit, or should a substitute escrow agent fail to be designated as provided in Section 15, or if Escrow Agent should be in doubt as to what action to take, Escrow Agent shall have the right, but not the obligation, either to withhold delivery of the Deposit or institute a bill of interpleader.

9. Indemnification. The other Parties to this Agreement agree to jointly and severally indemnify Escrow Agent, its officers, directors, partners, employees, agents and counsel against, and hold each Indemnified Party harmless from any and all losses, costs, damages, expenses, claims and attorney's fees, including but not limited to costs of investigation, litigation, tax liability or loss on investments.

10. Compensation and Reimbursement of Expenses. Escrow Agent shall be compensated in accordance with the fee schedule attached to this Agreement. The Parties jointly and severally agree to pay the fees of and expenses incurred by Escrow Agent in performing its obligations or enforcing its rights under this Agreement and to reimburse Escrow Agent for all fees and expenses.

11. Lien. Escrow Agent is given a lien on all the rights, title, and interests of the Parties in the Deposit, to protect Escrow Agent's rights, including without limitation, rights of payment and to indemnity and reimbursement, as provided in this Agreement.

12. Notice. Any notice, instrument, or other communications required or permitted to be given by one of the Parties to the other under this Escrow Agreement shall be considered properly given if in writing and delivered, mailed, sent by overnight courier, or sent by facsimile in each case addressed as follows:

If to Escrow Agent:

If to Buyer:

If to Seller:

Any Party to this Escrow Agreement may change the address to which communications are to be directed by giving written notice to the other Party in the manner provided in this section.

13. Consultation with Legal Counsel. Escrow Agent may consult with its own or other counsel satisfactory to it concerning any question relating to its duties or responsibilities or otherwise in connection with this Agreement and shall not be liable for any action taken, suffered, or omitted by it in good faith upon the advice of counsel.

14. Choice of Laws; Cumulative Rights. This Escrow Agreement and the Deposit shall be construed under and governed by the laws of the State of , including its conflict of law rules.

15. Resignation. Escrow Agent may resign upon days' prior notice to the Parties. If the Parties fail to designate a substitute escrow agent within days after the giving of notice, Escrow Agent may institute a bill of interpleader as contemplated by Section 8 above.

16. Severability. If one or more of the provisions of this Agreement shall for any reason be held to be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable in any respect under applicable law, that invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions of this Agreement.

17. Termination. Upon disbursement of all the Deposit as specified in Section 4 above, this Escrow Agreement shall terminate. However, the provisions of Section 9 shall remain in full force and effect for so long as Escrow Agent may have any liability.

18. General. The terms and provisions of this Escrow Agreement constitute the entire agreement between the Parties. This Escrow Agreement may be amended, modified, waived, or terminated only by written instrument duly signed by the Parties or their successors and assigns.

The Parties and Escrow Agent have executed this Escrow Agreement to be effective as of the Effective Date stated above.

Buyer

Signature

Title

Seller

Signature

Title

Escrow Agent

Signature

Title

EXHIBIT “A”

Description of Properties that are to be the Subject of the Purchase and Sale Agreement.

EXHIBIT “B”

Direction for Disbursement of Deposit (Section 4.f) in Addition to those Provided for in Section 4.a-d)

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What an Escrow Agreement with Deposit of Earnest Money Is

An Escrow Agreement with Deposit of Earnest Money is a contract that records a buyer's good faith deposit held by an independent escrow holder pending completion of a real estate transaction or other contract condition. The agreement identifies the parties, describes the property or transaction, states the earnest money amount and deposit method, sets conditions for release or forfeiture, and assigns duties and dispute resolution for the escrow holder. It serves to protect both buyer and seller by defining when funds move, how contingencies are satisfied, and what happens on default or termination.

Why a Clear Escrow Agreement Matters

A precise escrow agreement reduces disputes by documenting deposit handling, release triggers, and responsibilities for all parties; it preserves funds integrity and creates an evidentiary record for closing, cancellations, or litigation under state contract law and applicable federal rules.

Why a Clear Escrow Agreement Matters

Who Typically Prepares and Signs This Agreement

The agreement is most often used in real estate purchases, commercial deals, and high-value service contracts where a deposit secures performance or contingencies.

  • Real estate agents and brokers facilitating earnest deposits on property sales.
  • Buyers and sellers to document deposit terms and release conditions.
  • Escrow agents, title companies, and closing attorneys who hold funds and administer release.

Parties should confirm authority to bind entities, lender requirements, and any regulatory limits before signing.

Core Sections Found in a Professional Escrow Agreement

A well-drafted escrow agreement organizes responsibilities, deposit mechanics, and release conditions so the escrow holder can act without ambiguity. The following components should be present and unambiguous.

Parties

Names and contact details for buyer, seller, and escrow holder; specify legal entity types and signing authority to avoid identity disputes.

Property / Transaction

Clear description of the property or transaction, including address or contract reference, exhibits, and any attached schedules that define what the deposit secures.

Earnest Money

Exact deposit amount, currency, payment method, deposit date, and where funds will be held (trust account, title company ledger).

Conditions for Release

Detailed release triggers such as closing, inspection satisfaction, financing contingency waiver, mutual written instruction, or court order.

Default and Remedies

Procedures and remedies in the event of buyer or seller default, including forfeiture, return of funds, and allocation of legal costs.

Escrow Holder Duties

Escrow agent authority, required documentation for release, timing of disbursement, indemnities, and fee allocation.

Step-by-Step: Completing the Escrow Agreement

Follow these four steps in order to prepare, execute, and deliver the escrow agreement.

  • 01
    Prepare Draft: Populate parties, property, amount, and release conditions.
  • 02
    Review Terms: Confirm contingencies, deadlines, and escrow holder authority.
  • 03
    Execute Signatures: All parties sign and date with proper authority.
  • 04
    Deliver to Escrow: Provide funds and executed agreement to escrow holder for safekeeping.

How to Configure an Online Escrow Workflow

Set up an online signing and notification workflow to track deposits and release conditions consistently.

Field Configuration
Authentication Email link, SMS code, or stronger ID verification
Reminder Schedule Automatic reminders at set intervals before deadlines
Conditional Release Attach conditions that trigger automatic routing
Notifications CC parties and lender on disbursement events

Typical Escrow Agreement Flow from Deposit to Closing

The escrow process moves funds and documentation through defined checkpoints until final disbursement or return.

  • Deposit Received: Escrow holder logs funds and issues receipt.
  • Contingency Period: Inspections, underwriting, or approvals are completed.
  • Clear to Close: Conditions satisfied and closing is scheduled.
  • Disbursement: Funds transferred per written release instructions.

Technical Considerations for Digital Completion

Choose a platform that supports secure eSignatures, audit trails, and accepted file formats for escrow documentation.

  • Integrations: Salesforce, NetSuite, Google Workspace, Box, Procore compatible
  • File Formats: Accepts PDF, DOCX, and Excel input/output
  • Authentication: Email link, SMS code, or multifactor options

Security and Compliance Considerations

Encryption: TLS 1.2/1.3 in transit; AES-256 at rest
Audit Trail: Timestamps, IP, and action history retained
HIPAA: BAA available for regulated health records
ESIGN / UETA: Compliant with ESIGN and UETA standards
Access Controls: Role-based permissions and SSO/SAML
Data Residency: EU-U.S. Data Privacy Framework supported

Common Preparation Pitfalls to Avoid

  • Using vague release conditions such as 'as agreed' which invite disputes and delay disbursement.
  • Failing to verify signer authority for entities, causing later claims the agreement was not binding.
  • Mismatching names or incorrect dates that obstruct identity verification and tax reporting.
  • Depositing funds without an executed agreement or clear recipient instructions, exposing parties to loss.

Key Risks and Legal Consequences

Forfeiture: Buyer may lose deposit if contractually specified
Return of Funds: Seller may be required to return deposit in some contingencies
Contract Liability: Breach claims and damages may result
Tax Reporting: Incorrect reporting may trigger IRC §6721 penalties
Escrow Mismanagement: Escrow holder liability and indemnity exposures
Notary Errors: Improper notarization may invalidate acknowledgments

Key Milestones from Deposit to Disbursement

Track milestone dates diligently—each affects whether the deposit is refundable, forfeitable, or requires further action by the escrow holder.

01

Deposit Receipt

Escrow logs deposit date and issues receipt to buyer and seller

02

Contingency Deadline

Inspections or financing must be satisfied by a defined date

03

Mutual Release

Parties may execute written release directing disbursement

04

Closing Date

Funds disbursed per closing instructions upon completion

Practical Tips for Accurate and Efficient Completion

Use consistent templates, verify identities, and document every release to avoid disputes and regulatory issues.

Use Clear, Measurable Release Triggers
Draft conditions for disbursement with specific dates, events, and required supporting documents to remove ambiguity and speed escrow holder action.
Verify Signatory Authority in Writing
When a corporation or trust signs, obtain a resolution or power of attorney that confirms the signer's authority to bind the entity.
Record Receipt and Chain of Custody
Escrow holders should log deposits, maintain audit trails, and preserve copies of funds transfer confirmations to prove proper handling.
Align Escrow Terms with Loan and Title Requirements
Confirm lender and title company conditions early so escrow release terms do not conflict with closing instructions or underwriting needs.

Comparing eSignature Vendors for Escrow Agreement Workflows

Vendor features and pricing affect how you collect signatures, retain audit trails, and automate escrow release workflows; signNow appears first for parity in comparison.

signNow DocuSign Adobe Sign PandaDoc HelloSign
Starting Price $8/user/mo $15/user/mo $14/user/mo $19/user/mo $15/user/mo
Free Trial 7-day free trial Varied trial options Varied trial options Varied trial options Varied trial options
Bulk Send Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Audit Trail Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
HIPAA Compliant Yes Yes Yes No No

Real-World Examples of Escrow Agreement Use

These examples show typical scenarios where a clear escrow agreement resolved timing, fund control, or contingency issues.

Optica Ventures LLC — Brian Fitzgibbons, COO

A small commercial purchase required remote earnest deposit handling and clear release conditions.

  • The escrow agent held funds pending title cure.
  • The documented instructions prevented a dispute and enabled on-schedule closing with funds disbursed per written closing directions.

Martin Properties — Tim Martin, Founder

Residential transactions used online escrow directives and electronic receipts to speed closings.

  • Earnest money releases were tied to lender funding confirmation.
  • Using a documented escrow agreement preserved the parties' expectations and simplified reconciliation at the title company's closing.

Frequently Asked Questions About Escrow Agreements and Earnest Money

Answers to common questions about signatures, enforceability, refunds, and digital handling of earnest money deposits.


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