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FAQs
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What are the advantages of raising money from 20+ angels in your seed round? Why do top entrepreneurs like Dan Martell and Dusti
Since I'm called out in the description, I figured I'd throw in my two cents. There are a few different reasons we added people:We wanted access to their advice and network in the classic investor sense. It is indeed hard to keep all of the investors in the loop enough to have context to provide good advice, which is unfortunate. However, I've found that I didn't accurately predict which ones we'd be in close contact with when we were getting started and in most cases the reason we're not further engaged has more to do with them than us (*they* have many investments, they moved out of the bay area, etc).Many are friends. We knew we'd hang out with them anyway and would want to talk about the business. Aditya, Ruchi, Joe, Peter D; these guys aren't really active investors, though maybe that will change in the future. They just like to support their friends, and we like to be supported by them too. They also give great advice thanks to their own rich personal experiences. Jed Stremel and David Jeske are somewhat more active, but also are involved mainly bc we felt close to them and wanted them to be.We thought there was a good chance we'd do a bigger round with them later and wanted to start the relationship early. Marc Andreessen, Ben Horowitz, Peter Thiel, and Matt Cohler were all part of our seed funding and are now much more involved through institutional investments. Notably, there are no institutional investors other than these guys.It was a little annoying to do legal actions that required the participation of all the seed investors, but that really only came up once or twice (perhaps just for the Series A investment, if memory serves).So my advice to other startups would be not to fear this approach too much, but remember to be balanced about it. 20+ does seem like it would be a bad trade-off, but 10-15 is probably fine.
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What is the best HR program for a startup?
Kruze Consulting has worked with over 1000+ startups and has helped set up numerous HR infrastructure systems. HR is a not a luxury, but an essential component of any startup’s foundation. It doesn't matter how awesome your product is; poor hiring, an unproductive culture, and stagnant employees can sink the company in a hot minute. Below we've provided a suggested list of software, processes, and procedures to help startups navigate the HR landscape. Caveat: if you can afford to put the later stage processes in place sooner rather than later, you should do it!The Essentials: 0 - 7 EmployeesPayroll & Benefits, Gusto: simply the best.HR Management Platform, Zenefits: Still our #1 recommendation for managing employee offer letters and PTO. Its seamless.Communication, Slack: essential for office and remote workers alike.Employee Recognition, Bonusly: improve collaboration by allowing your employees to reward each other (via Slack)Harassment Training, ThinkHR: yes, you need this right from the start.Background Checks, Chekr: don’t get surprised. Do you due diligence and check for red flags with Chekr.Feedback, Google Forms Anonymous Suggestion Box: sometimes employees dont feel comfortable asking certain questions or notifiyng management about situations. This gives them a voice.Basic HR Advisory, Kruze Consulting: everyone has questions about which health care plans to pick, what other startups are doing, and best practices around hiring and firing. Kruze has all the templates and can help.The Growth Phase: 8 - 40 EmployeesNew Employee Orientation, Lessonly: when new employees start at Kruze, their first learning stop is Lessonly. Its critical for new hire orientations, as it documents all of our internal procedures and allows for bespoke lesson plans and custom video uploads. But here’s the kicker: it has quizzes at the end of each module so that we can hold folks accountable to the curriculum.Continuing Education, LinkedIn Learning (fka Lynda): Seth Godin rocked my world in a seminar about how we have learning all wrong: homework should be done at school, lectures should be done at home and performed by THE world expert. Why or why would you have your best excel jockey in the company teach everyone else when you can have the best Excel Guru in the world teach your team on LinkedIn Learning?401k Plans, Guideline/Gusto and ForUsAll: most Seed Stage startups don’t offer 401Ks, but after a Series A many management teams will start considering it. By Series B, you should definitely have a 401k in place.Employee Handbooks, Gusto: Gusto’s amazing DIY handbook tool is great backbone, but you’ll need an advisor to refine company specific policies and procedures that aligns with your company’s core value system.Robust Health Benefits, Zenefits or Gusto: make no mistake, if you want to hire top talent you now need to offer top benefits. Now is the time to up your Silver and Gold packages to Platinum. It’s also time to consider an FSA or HSA. Some cities, like SF, require that you spend a certain minimum on each employee’s benefits and report on that compliance (known as the SF Health Care Security Ordinance).Tuition Assistance Programs, Tuition.io: companies like Tuition.io are revolutionizing the way employers can help free their teammates from the shackles of student loan debt, driving loyalty and retention in the process.Commuter Benefits, Gusto: if you have a 20+ employees and are based in SF, you are required to provide up to $260/mo in pre-tax commuter benefits. Other jurisdictions have similar requirements. But even if you’re not in SF, its a best practice to provide this benefit for your team. Kruze can help you set up commuter benefits and maintain compliance.Intermediate HR Advisory, Kruze Consulting: How much should I be paying my new VP of Engineering? How much stock should I grant, and what type of ESOP should I offer? Kruze has the answers.Project Based Grading Systems, Kruze Consulting: one of the biggest complaints that we’ve heard from employees is that they’re not getting enough regular feedback so that they can improve their performance and get ahead in their career. Kruze has template frameworks to help you create project based grading systems. Think “Hey Jane, this project that you completed was a B+ because you forgot to do XYZ. You’re so close, and I’m sure we can get you up to A+ work on the next project.” The results we’ve seen after implementing these controls were immediate: on the subsequent projects, employees knew exactly how to improve and they did. A big win for management and employees alike.Performance Reviews, Lattice: quarterly or biannual performance reviews are important to your employees growth and the well being of the company. Biweekly 1:1 meetings should also be implemented and documented. Lattice organizes the review process in an easy to use online interface and Kruze can help you build the appropriate questions that management team should be asking of itself and its employees.Recruiting Management, Greenhouse and Google Hire: these amazing pieces of software helps you manage the recruiting process and collaborate with your team. Some of the most frustrating parts of the recruiting process is organizing resumes, coordinating schedules, and quantifying the interview process all in a timely manner. Greenhouse and Google Hire handles all of this.Event Planning, Blue Barley: allowing your team to bond outside of work is important. But finding and booking creative events can be difficult. This is where Blue Barley comes in.Recruiters: your time is best spent doing what you do best. Yes, recruiters are expensive but they cut the search process dramatically. Kruze has an extensive network of recruiting professionals that we can introduce you to depending on the role that you are looking to fill, including companies like Triplebyte and Avra.Gifts, Bouqs and Minibar: if your teammate has done something awesome, really reward them with flowers from Bouqs or booze from Minibar.Say Something Positive: words can go a long way. Make sure that your managers are routinely saying positive things to their teammates. There are plenty of apps out there that can help randomly remind them.Swag: you haven’t really made it until you have your startup’s logo emblazoned on a Patagonia. Sports Basement has the best pricing and service. For other bougie swag, see Clove & Twine. Business cards are going the way of the dinosaur, but if you must, use Moo.The Enterprise: 40+ EmployeesPEO (aka Professional Employer Organization): PEOs are companies like Justworks, Trinet, and Sequoia. They are “all-in-one” payroll and benefits providers that are able to provide more favorable benefits plans because they have a much larger group policy. Don’t be fooled though, their Service Cost is 10x+ the price of Gusto, and most the time any cost savings you got on the health plans is more than washed out on their monthly Service Costs. At least until you have scale. Kruze recommends that you consider a PEO once you’ve signNowed 40+ employees OR if you have employees in 5+ states. Before then, cost outweighs benefit. Our top picks are Sequoia and Justworks.In-house HR professional: Kruze recommends considering hiring a full time HR professional once you’ve signNowed 40+ employees. But if you’re planning on growing quickly, you might want to consider hiring your full time HR professional sooner than thatContinuing Education Programs: your best and brightest employees will be eager to advance their careers and knowledge base, and one of the best ways to do that is through continuing education. Kruze has a library of Continuing Education options and plans based on industry specific talents. One of our top picks in Continuing Education is Harrison Metal General Management.Mentorship Programs: careers may start with technical proficiency, but they blossom once soft skills are applied. Your employees likely have many other goals beyond just developing trade knowledge, like networking, sales, and better communication skills. Sometimes folks dont even know what they’re missing, but mentors can help guide them. The BestSelf.co journal is a fantastic resource that helps both mentors and employees stay accountable on their personal KPIs.
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What is digital india and how does it help india to grow?
Digital India (Programme) (DI) is one of the most ambitious initiative of the present Narendra Modi Government, that aims to transform India into a complete e-literate and digitalised country. Though it is a herculean task, it is no doubht that India will be once a digital nation. In order to avail the services under Digital India and to make it a grand success, it promotes three things to be very common and universal. An internet accessible mobile phone A Bank Account, preferably under Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan YojanaA digital identity, provided by UIDAI - Official WebsiteThe whole mammoth project has been framed on three basic concepts. They are, Digital infrastructure E-governanceDigital literacyIt proposes nine ideas to be achieved, usually known as nine pillars of DI. Let's discuss those with the benefits for a common man. Broadband HighwaysAims to provide high speed broadband connectivity to 2.5 lakh villages by 2017 and to spread to all villages in a phased manner. What happens if complete India gets high speed broadband connectivity? Answer is simple. - Speedy processing. What if you gets the result of a competitive exam immediately after the completion of exam? How will it be getting papers cleared and Funds for assistance for a public well in a remote area from their district administration, simply sitting in their gramsabha without going to the respective offices hundred times? How will it be applying for school admissions, college admissions, scholarship applications etc by having dinner with your loving parents in a two room hut? The move from Microsoft (company) to provide low cost broadband to 5lakhs villages is a welcome one. (Microsoft wants to bring broadband to 500,000 Indian villages) Kerala, by a recent announcement as the first digital State in India in the 69th independence day, made a tremendous success towards the complete achievement of DI ( Kerala becomes India's first 'complete digital state' - The Times of India ) Universal access to Mobile connectivityIt is estimated that India's mobile users figures remains in a very low scale. Less than 20% of the population only have access to mobile services. A recent survey conducted by Internet and Mobile Association of India ( IAMA) has said that the number of total mobile Internet users in India is 213 million. ( Industry) It is undoubted not only for DI, but also for any of the digitally oriented schemes, the real success relies on the number of active mobile Internet and service users. Public Internet AccessWe are going to convert our Post offices as public data centres. Also we are setting up common service centres in each villages. The initiatives like Akshaya project of Government of Kerala can be considered as the initial footsteps to achieve this superb project.India aims to provide 4 lakh public Internet access spots or WiFi hotspots. It also envisages to provide the same in nearly 3 lakh schools and in all universities. The initiative of Google (company) to start faster WiFi spots in 500 railway stations with their Google Fiber technology, is really a warm start for this. Free Wi-Fi at 500 Indian Railway Stations, With Google's HelpNo need of recharging your mobiles with various data offers. Download ebooks, apps, songs, movies, and all relevant data free soon. Call anyone in this world using various apps like WhatsApp, hike, Skype etc. Again, you don't have to rely on your mobile balance. Money savings, money savings, money savings. :)Also dont have to be worried about lack of any data offer for any immediate and emergency need that requires Internet access. E-governanceReduce corruption and bring transparency in public administration. Direct Benefit Transfer, one of its part, is reducing the chance of getting bribe . The style of E-governance envisioned is SMART governance.(SMART - Simple, Moral, Accountability, Responsive and Transparency). When India achieves SMART governance, we would be free from corruption to a great extent. E-KrantiElectronic delivery of services in important sectors like health, police, agriculture, rural development, treasuries, PDS, road transport etc. Recent initiatives like Sehat (‘Sehat’ Unique Initiative for Health Care Launched), Jeevan Pramaan or life certificate, digitalised MGNREGA, twitter samvaad, shipping samvaad, Madad, SMS based cyclone warning system, e-money, PRAGATI, Digilocker etc are paving founding stones of a brighter digitalised India. How would it be going any government office or any such institution without the pile of files. Once you get a certificate, marksheet or any such, just get it in its digital format and e-sign it. There is no need of bringing it to anywhere then. Bureaucracy can't delay any of your needs for any certificate as everything is available within a click on his computer. This will reduce corruption , forgery in documentation etc. DigiLocker, provides you to live a life without any paper documents. Yes it will take time. But not impossible.. :) (Page on digitallocker.gov.in) Information to AllYes. As all government services become digitalized, it's easy to fetch any data regarding anything within a click. You can also be a part of development of this land through MyGov platform (MyGov: A Platform for Citizen Engagement towards Good Governance in India ) Electronic manufacturingFor a digitalised country, you should be self reliant on its electronic needs. Yes we are doing it. We follow new National Electronic Policy. Setting a target of NET ZERO import by 2020 we are working on it by enhancing various electronic sectors like Micro ATMs, Set top boxes etc. IT for jobsOf course, without IT, what digital India? It will provide huge job opportunities for IT sector. At the same time GoI giving priority to underdeveloped areas like northeast. Yes, our engineers will no more need to go abroad. This land is going to be a heaven for our engineers. Because now you have another responsibility too, to be a cog in in the national development. Early harvest programmesWe should something special, that too earlier. ;) Initiatives like changing conventional text books to ebooks, portal to find and share information about missing children, complete biometric attendence, selective weather forecasting etc. are something new, atleast in Indian soil. NoteThe recent shifting an old village, Akodara, into the first digital village BY the collaboration with ICICI Bank is a hope of new dawn of digital face of our country. ( At Akodara, India’s first digital village ) Yes, this scheme is a brain child of Shri. Narendra Modi. We may mock and tease a man with a frame less spects and neatly trimmed white beard wearing a special Modi kurta, visiting large Internet companies of silicon Valley to come and invest in India. But he has a vision. And he makes it. I am not a pro Modi. Not even a BJPian. But, we should give our hands to him. Because he is doing it. Doing it for us. For the brighter future of this land. :)Refer - Department of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India
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What is the Gorkhaland issue?
Many people across India are curious about the Gorkhaland issue, but most of them do not know about the issue very well and are of the false impression that Gorkhaland is a demand by the Gorkhas for separation from India.Hence, the following paragraphs below would help those, who are not familiar with the Gorkhaland issue. As one will read the story, they can view that the demand for Gorkhaland is a just and moral demand for the creation of the state of Gorkhaland within the geographical and constitutional contours of India.To make it for an easy read, I have made a list of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), which has been answered, thus acting as a guide to Gorkhaland issue.Q. Who are Gorkhas in the Indian context?A.The 'Gorkhas' in the Indian context are Indian citizens of Nepali ethnicity, who live across the length and breadth of India. The term 'Gorkha' in the Indian context is used to differentiate the Indian citizens of Nepali ethnicity from the citizens of Nepal, who prefer to be called 'Nepalese.'Many a time, people mistake the Indian 'Gorkhas' with Nepalese 'Gorkhali'. It is to be noted that in terms of Nepal, 'Gorkhali' refers to the people from the 'Gorkha' region. However, the use of the term 'Gorkha' in the Indian context is very different than in Nepal's context. Therefore, the term 'Gorkha' refers to different groups of people depending on the country they are being used in reference to.Q. Did the Gorkhas immigrate to India?A. Majority of the people who identify themselves as 'Gorkhas' in India are sons and daughters of the soil, and their forefathers 'came with the land.' They did not immigrate to India. However, it is well recognized that there are many immigrants from Nepal, who have also settled in India, post-independence.Q. What do you mean by 'came with the land'?A.The Nepali kingdom in the 17th and 18th Century was spread all over the Himalayas. In the year 1777, Nepal had appropriated the Kingdom of Sikkim (that included most of the present day Darjeeling district) in the east and had also successfully invaded and conquered the Kingdoms of Kumaon, Garhwal and Kangra in the west. The Nepali Kingdom was spread from the east of rivers Teesta to the west of river Sutlej.However, following the Anglo-Nepal war of 1814-1816, Nepal agreed to cede most of the Terai region, the lands of Sikkim, Kumaon, Garhwal and Kangra to the British through the Treaty of Sugauli (Sugauli Sandhi), which was signed on 4 March 1816. After the Anglo-British war of 1865, the British appropriated the lands that are today known as Kalimpong and Dooars. Therefore, all the people of Nepali, Sikkimese and Bhutanese origin, who were living in these tracts automatically came under the British and subsequently under India (after the British left), hence the term – 'came with the land.'Q. Were there Gorkhas in Darjeeling region prior to the British coming to India?A.Recorded history shows that the region was inhabited as early as the 9th century. When Guru Padmasambhava had passed through this region in the 9th century, he had established Buddhism in the region – which indicates the presence of people living in the area way, before the British ever landed in Asia.In the Indian context, the word 'Gorkha' is an umbrella term used to identify a varied group of people, as one unified entity, in terms of Darjeeling, communities such as the Róng – Lepchas, the Tsong – Limbus, the Kirat – Rai, the Dukpas and the Magars are the aboriginal/ethnic/native people of the region, who constitute a large chunk of the 'Gorkha' people living in the Darjeeling region. Hence, it can be safely said that the majority of the 'Gorkhas,' who belong to these communities and are living in Darjeeling, ethnic to the region.In addition, other groups of people such as the Gurungs, Thapas, Chettris, Newars, Sunwars, Bahuns, Kamis, Damais, Sarkis, Bhutias, Thamis etc., came to the region following subsequent wars. For instance, the establishment of the Kingdom of Sikkim in 1642 brought in a large Bhutia population from Tibet and Bhutan into the region. Similarly, the Nepali incursions starting from as early as 1700s brought many present day Nepalis to the region. Hence, it can be safely concurred that the 'Gorkha' presence far supersedes the British arrival in the region.Q. What historical claims does West Bengal have over the Darjeeling-Dooars region?A.Ironically None! There is no shared history between the Darjeeling-Dooars region, and the rest of West Bengal till the year 1935. The only common thread that connects Darjeeling and the rest of Bengal prior to 1935 is that they shared a common Governor (for administrative ease).It is interesting to note that following the partition of Bengal in 1905, the administration of Darjeeling was handed over to the Bhagalpur Division in Bihar Presidency between 1905-1907, following which a demand for a separate administrative unit for the Darjeeling-Dooars region (a la Separate State in today's term) was first raised by the Hillmen's Association in 1907, making the demand for a separate state constituting the hills, Terai and Dooars region the oldest demand for statehood in India.The only reason as to why such a demand was not entertained by the British Government, is because the Darjeeling and Dooars region were already declared a "non-regulated area", which meant that the rules and laws developed for the rest of India would not be automatically applicable to the region.Q. Why is Darjeeling a part of West Bengal?A.The Darjeeling region only became a part of West Bengal Presidency in the year 1935, when it was required to send an elected member to the Bengal Legislative Assembly. It was done purely for the then administrative ease, as the British could control the Darjeeling region better from Bengal than from Bhagalpur in Bihar.Q. Why are people in Darjeeling demanding Gorkhaland?A.The demand for a separate administrative unit (separate state in today's term) for the Darjeeling region had started as early as 1907. However, the influx of Bangladeshi refugees starting in 1965 and later state sponsored illegal immigrants from Bangladesh post-1971 for vote bank by subsequent West Bengal governments led to marginalization of the ethnic Gorkha, Kamtapuri and the Rajbanshi communities of the region. The demand for Gorkhaland is a demand to protect the identity, culture, history, traditions and the rich bond of people from Darjeeling region, which they share with their land.Furthermore, the Gorkhas from the Darjeeling region have continued to be labeled by the fascist and state sponsored Bengali organizations such as Bangla O Bangla Bhasa Bachao Samity, Amra Bangali, Jan Jagaran Morcha, Jan Chetna Morcha as illegal immigrants and the demand for Gorkhaland illegal. They have rendered the ethnic Gorkha people as an intruder in his/her own ancestral lands. This has caused widespread socio-economic and political marginalization of the Gorkhas. All these factors have resulted in the Gorkhas being under-represented, stereotyped and communally discriminated in almost all sectors.Moreover, Bengal has always been colonial in its approach to this region. The large revenues collected from Darjeeling region have been used to develop other parts of Bengal, while neglecting even the basic infrastructure in the region.Case in point: the National Highway 55, which used to be the artery connecting the hills of Darjeeling to the rest of India, has been closed due to land slide since 2009 and the West Bengal government has done nothing to rebuild it. Last year alone, there were over 20 malnutrition related death (death due to starvation) reported from the Dooars region and yet the West Bengal government did nothing to alleviate the sufferings of the people in the region.Q. Is the proposed Gorkhaland region economically viable?A.The proposed Gorkhaland region is rich in bio-diversity, scenic views, hydro potentials, tourism, NTFP, Tea and numerous other resources. Darjeeling Tea has been accorded the Geographical Indicator status recently by the WTO, which has caused the price of Darjeeling Tea to double in the world market. The demand for tea from the Dooars region is also at an all time high. Even the most conservative estimates put the revenue potential from tea, tourism and hydro from the proposed Gorkhaland area at over 1600 Crores per annum. It is estimated that the revenues from Tea and Tourism alone will make the proposed Gorkhaland region a revenue surplus state. The revenues collected from hydro development, NTFP, cross-border trades and other resources will make the proposed state of Gorkhaland as one of the most economically vibrant states in India.Q. Is the demand for Gorkhaland illegal?A. No, to demand for a separate state is the democratic right of every Indian citizen, and the formation of new states is enshrined in our constitution.Article 3 of the Indian constitution specifically deals with the issues regarding the formation of new states:Article 3. Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States—Parliament may by law—(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State;(b) increase the area of any State;(c) diminish the area of any State;(d) alter the boundaries of any State;(e) alter the name of any State:Hence, the demand for Gorkhaland is a legitimate demand.Q. Why is West Bengal opposed to the formation of Gorkhaland?A. The state of West Bengal is one of the most economically backward states in India. Even though, it is the 5th largest in terms of its size, but due to the high debt burden of over Rs. 2.5 lakh Crores, West Bengal is practically bankrupt and is highly dependent on the Central Government and the revenues generated from the proposed Gorkhaland region for its sustenance and economic survival. A conservative estimate indicated that if the proposed Gorkhaland state is formed, West Bengal is expected to lose over 40% of its revenue stream.So despite all the rhetoric stating, "Darjeeling is Bengal's Abhinno Aanga," Bengal is scared of loosing its hen, which is currently laying the golden eggs. It is scared of losing the cash cow that has continued to discount the development of Bengal's other regions over and over since independence.Further, Bengal has always held a parochial, colonial and discriminatory attitude towards the proposed Gorkhaland region and continues to do so. Late. Subash Chakraborty a Minister in the CPI(M) Government had said to the Gorkhas "khetey diyechi, sutey chai?" [Meaning: "we have given you food to eat, now you want a space to sleep?"] Hinting that the Bengalis have been benevolent towards the Gorkhas in allowing the Gorkhas to live in Bengal, while ungraciously ignoring the fact that the Gorkhas are ethnic to the land. Similarly, many Bengali scholars [such as Sumanta Sen of The Telegraph] and politicians [such as Dr. Mukund Majumdar and Mr. Ashok Bhattacharjee] continue to call the ethnic Gorkhas foreigners and intruders, which gives a sense of insecurity amongst the ethnic Gorkhas – thus, the demand for Gorkhaland.Compiled by Upendra Mani Pradhan, Meri News
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Why don't liberals think Trump is the best president ever?
You are framing the question incorrectly. It is not that liberals just don’t think he is the best president ever. Many conservatives, such as Bill Kristol, do not think he is. It is really a question of repugnance vs. decency.He is a horrible orator. He repeats himself. He tends to make grandiose statements of opinion with no basis in fact. He uses vulgarity where and when it not appropriate.He is a racist.He is narcissistic. He only cares for himself. If one listens to him, pretty much every conversation will eventually turn to him. He is not the savior he plays himself to be.He is horribl...
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Why has the demand for Gorkhaland erupted all of a sudden after remaining dormant for long? Is it a ploy to discredit Mamta prio
This answer was a forward from a friend of mine and even though I could not verify about Col Sarabjit Singh, the content of the article is an eye opener to the issue of Gorkhaland.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….Who are Gorkhas and why Gorkhaland? Excellent article written by a non Gorkha Col Sarbjit Singh. Please share it with your non Gorkha friends to let them know about our history and about the Gorkhaland movement.Gorkhas are Very Much Indians like you and me. They are backbone of Indian Army from Maharaja Ranjit Singh's Times . Do not be misguided by politicians, issue needs to be resolved before it takes ugly turn .Many people across India are curious about the Gorkhaland issue, but most of them do not know about the issue very well and are of the false impression that Gorkhaland is a demand by the Gorkhas for separation from India. Hence, the following paragraphs below would help those, who are not familiar with the Gorkhaland issue.As one will read the story, they can view that the demand for Gorkhaland is a just and moral demand for the creation of the state of Gorkhaland within the geographical and constitutional contours of India.To make it for an easy read , someone has made a list of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), which has been answered, thus acting as a guide to Gorkhaland issue.Q. Who are Gorkhas in the Indian context?A. The 'Gorkhas' in the Indian context are Indian citizens of Nepali ethnicity, who live across the length and breadth of India. The term 'Gorkha' in the Indian context is used to differentiate the Indian citizens of Nepali ethnicity from the citizens of Nepal, who prefer to be called 'Nepalese.'Many a time, people mistake the Indian 'Gorkhas' with Nepalese 'Gorkhali'. It is to be noted that in terms of Nepal, 'Gorkhali' refers to the people from the 'Gorkha' region. However, the use of the term 'Gorkha' in the Indian context is very different than in Nepal's context. Therefore, the term 'Gorkha' refers to different groups of people depending on the country they are being used in reference to.Q. Did the Gorkhas immigrate to India?A. Majority of the people who identify themselves as 'Gorkhas' in India are sons and daughters of the soil, and their forefathers 'came with the land.' They did not immigrate to India. However, it is well recognized that there are many immigrants from Nepal, who have also settled in India, post-independence.Q. What do you mean by 'came with the land'?A.The Nepali kingdom in the 17th and 18th Century was spread all over the Himalayas. In the year 1777, Nepal had appropriated the Kingdom of Sikkim (that included most of the present day Darjeeling district) in the east and had also successfully invaded and conquered the Kingdoms of Kumaon, Garhwal and Kangra in the west. The Nepali Kingdom was spread from the east of rivers Teesta to the west of river Sutlej.However, following the Anglo-Nepal war of 1814-1816, Nepal agreed to cede most of the Terai region, the lands of Sikkim, Kumaon, Garhwal and Kangra to the British through the Treaty of Sugauli (Sugauli Sandhi), which was signed on 4 March 1816. After the Anglo-British war of 1865, the British appropriated the lands that are today known as Kalimpong and Dooars. Therefore, all the people of Nepali, Sikkimese and Bhutanese origin, who were living in these tracts automatically came under the British and subsequently under India (after the British left), hence the term – 'came with the land.'Q. Were there Gorkhas in Darjeeling region prior to the British coming to India?A.Recorded history shows that the region was inhabited as early as the 9th century. When Guru Padmasambhava had passed through this region in the 9th century, he had established Buddhism in the region – which indicates the presence of people living in the area way, before the British ever landed in Asia.In the Indian context, the word 'Gorkha' is an umbrella term used to identify a varied group of people, as one unified entity, in terms of Darjeeling, communities such as the Róng – Lepchas, the Tsong – Limbus, the Kirat – Rai, the Dukpas and the Magars are the aboriginal/ethnic/native people of the region, who constitute a large chunk of the 'Gorkha' people living in the Darjeeling region. Hence, it can be safely said that the majority of the 'Gorkhas,' who belong to these communities and are living in Darjeeling, ethnic to the region.In addition, other groups of people such as the Gurungs, Thapas, Chettris, Newars, Sunwars, Bahuns, Kamis, Damais, Sarkis, Bhutias, Thamis etc., came to the region following subsequent wars. For instance, the establishment of the Kingdom of Sikkim in 1642 brought in a large Bhutia population from Tibet and Bhutan into the region. Similarly, the Nepali incursions starting from as early as 1700s brought many present day Nepalis to the region. Hence, it can be safely concurred that the 'Gorkha' presence far supersedes the British arrival in the region.Q. What historical claims does West Bengal have over the Darjeeling-Dooars region?A.Ironically None! There is no shared history between the Darjeeling-Dooars region, and the rest of West Bengal till the year 1935. The only common thread that connects Darjeeling and the rest of Bengal prior to 1935 is that they shared a common Governor (for administrative ease).It is interesting to note that following the partition of Bengal in 1905, the administration of Darjeeling was handed over to the Bhagalpur Division in Bihar Presidency between 1905-1907, following which a demand for a separate administrative unit for the Darjeeling-Dooars region (a la Separate State in today's term) was first raised by the Hillmen's Association in 1907, making the demand for a separate state constituting the hills, Terai and Dooars region the oldest demand for statehood in India.The only reason as to why such a demand was not entertained by the British Government, is because the Darjeeling and Dooars region were already declared a "non-regulated area", which meant that the rules and laws developed for the rest of India would not be automatically applicable to the region.Q. Why is Darjeeling a part of West Bengal?A.The Darjeeling region only became a part of West Bengal Presidency in the year 1935, when it was required to send an elected member to the Bengal Legislative Assembly. It was done purely for the then administrative ease, as the British could control the Darjeeling region better from Bengal than from Bhagalpur in Bihar.Q. Why are people in Darjeeling demanding Gorkhaland?A.The demand for a separate administrative unit (separate state in today's term) for the Darjeeling region had started as early as 1907. However, the influx of Bangladeshi refugees starting in 1965 and later state sponsored illegal immigrants from Bangladesh post-1971 for vote bank by subsequent West Bengal governments led to marginalization of the ethnic Gorkha, Kamtapuri and the Rajbanshi communities of the region. The demand for Gorkhaland is a demand to protect the identity, culture, history, traditions and the rich bond of people from Darjeeling region, which they share with their land.Furthermore, the Gorkhas from the Darjeeling region have continued to be labeled by the fascist and state sponsored Bengali organizations such as Bangla O Bangla Bhasa Bachao Samity, Amra Bangali, Jan Jagaran Morcha, Jan Chetna Morcha as illegal immigrants and the demand for Gorkhaland illegal. They have rendered the ethnic Gorkha people as an intruder in his/her own ancestral lands. This has caused widespread socio-economic and political marginalization of the Gorkhas. All these factors have resulted in the Gorkhas being under-represented, stereotyped and communally discriminated in almost all sectors.Moreover, Bengal has always been colonial in its approach to this region. The large revenues collected from Darjeeling region have been used to develop other parts of Bengal, while neglecting even the basic infrastructure in the region.Q. Is the proposed Gorkhaland region economically viable?A.The proposed Gorkhaland region is rich in bio-diversity, scenic views, hydro potentials, tourism, NTFP, Tea and numerous other resources. Darjeeling Tea has been accorded the Geographical Indicator status recently by the WTO, which has caused the price of Darjeeling Tea to double in the world market. The demand for tea from the Dooars region is also at an all time high. Even the most conservative estimates put the revenue potential from tea, tourism and hydro from the proposed Gorkhaland area at over 1600 Crores per annum. It is estimated that the revenues from Tea and Tourism alone will make the proposed Gorkhaland region a revenue surplus state. The revenues collected from hydro development, NTFP, cross-border trades and other resources will make the proposed state of Gorkhaland as one of the most economically vibrant states in India.Q. Is the demand for Gorkhaland illegal?A. No, to demand for a separate state is the democratic right of every Indian citizen, and the formation of new states is enshrined in our constitution.Article 3 of the Indian constitution specifically deals with the issues regarding the formation of new states:Article 3. Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States—Parliament may by law—(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State;(b) increase the area of any State;(c) diminish the area of any State;(d) alter the boundaries of any State;(e) alter the name of any State:Hence, the demand for Gorkhaland is a legitimate demand.Q. Why is West Bengal opposed to the formation of Gorkhaland?A. The state of West Bengal is one of the most economically backward states in India. Even though, it is the 5th largest in terms of its size, but due to the high debt burden of over Rs. 2.5 lakh Crores, West Bengal is practically bankrupt and is highly dependent on the Central Government and the revenues generated from the proposed Gorkhaland region for its sustenance and economic survival. A conservative estimate indicated that if the proposed Gorkhaland state is formed, West Bengal is expected to lose over 40% of its revenue stream.So despite all the rhetoric stating, "Darjeeling is Bengal's Abhinno Aanga," Bengal is scared of loosing its hen, which is currently laying the golden eggs. It is scared of losing the cash cow that has continued to discount the development of Bengal's other regions over and over since independence.Further, Bengal has always held a parochial, colonial and discriminatory attitude towards the proposed Gorkhaland region and continues to do so. Late. Subash Chakraborty a Minister in the CPI(M) Government had said to the Gorkhas "khetey diyechi, sutey chai?" [Meaning: "we have given you food to eat, now you want a space to sleep?"] Hinting that the Bengalis have been benevolent towards the Gorkhas in allowing the Gorkhas to live in Bengal, while ungraciously ignoring the fact that the Gorkhas are ethnic to the land. Similarly, many Bengali scholars [such as Sumanta Sen of The Telegraph] and politicians [such as Dr. Mukund Majumdar and Mr. Ashok Bhattacharjee] continue to call the ethnic Gorkhas foreigners and intruders, which gives a sense of insecurity amongst the ethnic Gorkhas – thus, the demand for Gorkhaland.
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Is the demand for the separate state of Gorkhaland justified and viable?
I visited Darjeeling as a tourist. I belong to Assam but Pune, Maharashtra is my home now. The people here have always everywhere asked me whether I belong to Nepal, may be because of my features but I always used to answer them that I am Assamese but…. I feel truly disappointing for those Indian Gorkhas who speaks Nepali…. as they must be saying that they belong to WEST BENGAL !!!. but nobody would have believed him as a BENGALI. Therefore, there is urgent need to installed there identity and self-respect in terms of ethnicity and statehood demands. The mighty British Empire had given Gorkhas so much respect and still they do. Gorkhas are at present serving in Britain, France, Brunei and even some south-east Asian country is demanding Gorkha Regiment for removal of their terrorism. For India you just can’t question Gorkhas for their Nationalism. But, the Indian society doesn’t treat them at par and treat them as second class cititzen. I have observed that they are mostly considered as foolish, chowkidaar, gate-keeper and Nepali only.Moreover, I went to Hailakandi, Assam, near to Silchar. As I said I went to Assam, but there Assistant Professor are required to know local language which is Bangla…!!! I felt rather strange at that time cos’ I felt it is part of Assam not Bangladesh or West-Bengal.But now, I can relate what might have happened to that part of Assam and what would have been in the present case of Darjeeling if there would be compulsion of Bengali language by CM Mamta Benerjee…. which would have changed ethnical language. Moreover, Bengal’s Govt. are dividing Gorkhas by caste-based politics where they are funding different castes of Gorkhas in the name of development which somewhere they succeeded but I would say it boomeranged when state government tried to make Bengali language compulsory!!!So, in the end I support creation of GORKHALAND…!!!. Let there be smallest state who will live with dignity and peace…..
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How do I book a railway ticket online in India?
To book online railway ticket in India follw these steps-Open irctc.Co.in on your web browser which is indian railway's website.Sign up through your email account.Log in to the account.Search the station you want to travel to on the right hand side in the box with specific other details.Select the train which is comfortable for you along with the class you want to travel in.After clicking on the class, a window will open above the list stating the price of the ticket and availability/waiting number of the ticket.If you want to book in waiting also, then click on that number, a new page will open where you have to fill in the details of the passengers travelling and click on the book now button at the bottom.A new page will open summarising the ticket details. Click on the make payment option down the summary.A new page will open with various modes of payments. Click on the mode of payment suitable for you such as debit card. (In case of debit cards, if the name of your bank is not given then select HDFC debit card in silver list).A new page will open asking for the details of your card. Fill in the details and clicj on buy button on the bottom right hand corner.Your ticket has been booked. Enjoy your journey.
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Frequently asked questions
How do i add an electronic signature to a word document?
When a client enters information (such as a password) into the online form on , the information is encrypted so the client cannot see it. An authorized representative for the client, called a "Doe Representative," must enter the information into the "Signature" field to complete the signature.
How to make an electronic signature from a scan?
The only place I found information about this was in the State University's "Electronic Security (CEC) Course". It is not a prerequisite, so the only thing you need to do is read the entire class description and then just start working on getting the software, which is freely released, on your phone. If you are a student with an iPhone, just scroll to Chapter 3 and start doing stuff. There are a lot of cool apps for this.
Why is it a big deal to have an "electronic signature" on my files?
In the world of digital signatures, it is the most important thing.
For an image, you do this by signing it with an image signature.
What is an image signature?
You can imagine your document as a digital signature, but it's made by signing an image with an image.
This method is used by the federal government when they print out documents and when they scan documents to keep them in digital form. In general, any digital information, from your passport to a document in the state DMV, is an image signature.
So, let's say that I have a document I scanned that says "The State of New York Department of Transportation" and I want people to know that it is an actual document that contains my name, my signature, and my image. How do I do this?
You can use an image signature on your scanned document.
If you don't have an image to use, you can use "Digital signature" to use the same image. You just need to sign off using your name, your signature, and the image on your document.
So, ho...
How to insert electronic signature in proposify?
This is an extremely common mistake that is common among many programmers. It is not a problem only with Python code, but also with Java and PHP. Let's see what is going to happen when we try to do it.
Let's imagine that the signature of the document is going to be stored in the database. It's a simple transaction between client and server. We'll insert it in the database and then send it to the server:
from datetime import datetime date = (2015, 5, 9, 23, 15, 0, 0, 0, 0, datetime(2015, 5, 9, 23, 15, 0, 0, 0)) data = [ [ "author_id" , "title" , "date" ], [ "author_id" , "title" , "date" ], [ "body" , "description" ], ] signature = "author_id == 'author_id'" auth = Auth( user_id = ().strftime( '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M' ), passwd = ().strftime( '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M' ), email = 'example@' ) @() def create_signature(data): # this will insert the signature, so now # it has to be validated (data) return data
The only thing we need to do is to insert the signature in the database with a valid key, and then validate it. The signature will be validated when the database table is created. The problem is that we're not sure which database table to create, so the user_id is not really a good choice for this purpose. Let's create a database and see what happens if we insert a bad key:
db = ( ':memory:' ) # this line will be required ([ 'INSERT INTO ' ] + (2015, 5, 9, 24, 15, 0, 0, 0, [{'author_id': 'author_id'}]), db=db ) ([ 'SELECT ' ] + (2015, 5, 9, 29, 15, 0, 0, 0, [
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