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FAQs
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How is it possible that your car keys unlock only your car and not all the others? Is it theoretically possible that your key co
How is it possible that your car keys unlock only your car and not all the others? Is it theoretically possible that your key could unlock a second car somewhere on the world? With a digital key fob, you can use a number of combinations that effectively means your key fob will never open any other car. Each fob carries a serial number; if that serial number is, say, in the tens of billions, well, no car company has ever made seventy billion cars.With a physical key, there are only so many different combinations of high and low points in the key. The lock has a set number of tumblers, usually about five or so, and each tumbler can be set to one of a specific number of different heights.The physical locks Honda uses have a total of 3,500 possible combinations. That...
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What are the best features of Microsoft Office 365?
Here’s a breakdown of some awesome Features Office 3651. Work Smarter, EverywhereAfter buying Office 365, you also gain access to its accompanying mobile apps and browser apps. This allows you to access their cloud service from any up to date web browser on your desktop or mobile device. Even better yet, you don’t have to install Office software on your computer to do this.The mobile app allows you to access all of your Office 365 subscriptions and Office products right from your smartphone or tablet; this includes Word, Excel, Powerpoint, Onenote, and more. Cut the cord and stop working on your PC only — download the Microsoft Office 365 mobile app to stay productive, even while on the go.2. Enjoy 50 GB of StorageEach Office 365 user receives a whopping 50 GB of storage with Exchange Online; this can be used to save emails, calendar events, task lists, meeting notes, contact information, and email attachments.You can save some more space in your mailbox by utilizing the OneDrive cloud storage feature to share attachments.Your OneDrive storage is also synced to your device, enabling you to work offline on files. As soon as you reconnect to the web, the newest versions of your documents will be automatically uploaded to your cloud storage. The new versions of your documents will also be sent to any other connected device, including your phone or tablet — nifty!3. Edit Documents with Real-Time Co-AuthoringCollaborate online and see changes your team makes to shared documents within your Office apps as they happen with the real-time co-authoring feature in Word. Save your file to OneDrive cloud storage or SharePoint so your team can access the document and make any necessary edits or updates. You can also share it directly from Word by utilizing a handily integrated sidebar. As the publisher and access-giver, you can edit accessibility settings at any time.With the improved version control that was rolled out with Office 2016 co-authoring, you can see which changes to the document were made by which contributor and when the update was made. You can also easily revert back to a previous version of the file whenever you need to.4. Connect with Co-WorkersYou may not have known this, but Office apps include a Skype in-app integration. You can use this feature to instant message your teammates, share your screen during meetings and have audio or visual conversations — without even exiting the Office apps you’re working in. You can continue Skype conversations even after you close your office apps via your desktop or mobile version of Skype. The best part? Your team will receive unlimited Skype minutes.Source: Microsoft5. Send Links, Not FilesIt’s time to move away from email attachments. It’s never been easier to share documents for co-authoring!Simply upload your file to Office 365’s cloud storage. Then, write your email via Outlook or the Outlook web app. Rather than attaching your document to the email, you can insert a link to the file on your cloud. Outlook will automatically allow email recipients to edit the document you wish to share. You can always change permissions on any document at your convenience.6. Convert OneNote Items into Outlook Calendar EventsEasily configure OneNote items to tasks within your Outlook calendar. You can also assign tasks to colleagues, complete with follow-up reminders and concise due dates. You can also transfer meeting notes taken in OneNote via email to your teammates, and add important details (date, location, and attendees) to their respective meeting.7. Use Your Mouse as a Laser Pointer during PowerPoint PresentationsWith only a simple keyboard shortcut (Ctrl + P), your mouse can be used as a laser pointer during your PowerPoint presentations. You can also use the “presenter mode” commands while using this feature.The laser pointer tool has been a nifty trick within older versions of the office apps for years; however, it was only recently integrated for touch-screen devices. All you have to do is hold down on your device’s screen, and the laser pointer will appear.8. Create a Power Map Using ExcelTurn data into a 3-D interactive map with Power Map, one of the many Power BI-enhanced data visualization features that Excel has to offer. It comes with three different filters: List, Range, or Advanced. The Power Map will help you not only convey your data more effectively, but also support your claims by creating a tangible story from the numbers.
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What is the best PDF reader, annotator, and organizer for academic scholars using a Mac? Is there such an application and/or sof
Even I had the similar problem, my windows 10 upgrade laptop crashed badly and I decided to go for Macbook Air which is all new OS for me. Earlier I had organised my work in Zotero in Mozilla Firefox, and I was using symlink to dropbox to sync my library between my office PC and Laptop (as free 300 MB cloud storage got exhausted early and I had no credit card to buy additional Cloud Storage from Zotero), it was all working good until I went for Window 10 upgrade and finally my hardware crashed. Now in mac I don’t know much where the appdata file stored and not sure even the symlink can be created from Zotero library stored in dropbox or not.I have installed Zotero in Firefox on mac yet I’m looking to find more easy way to do the same. I read a comparison which I hope you’ll find useful http://thesismonkey.com/compare-...Now, I’m going to try Readcube coz it has auto search and highlighted pdf options along with other features like Zotero. Lets hope it works well!
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What are some interesting facts about Bitcoin?
Here are certain mind blowing facts about bitcoins:Satoshi Nakamoto is a fictitious name of the Bitcoin creator or creators.Not this one thoughNakamoto is believed to own around 1 million Bitcoins worth $2 Billion.No single entity or government has control over the Bitcoin currency.There is a finite number of bitcoins, 21,000,000.1% of the Bitcoin community controls 99% of the world’s wealth.Since March 2015, Bitcoin transaction fees are up by 1289%.69% of all banks in the world are experimenting with permissioned blockchains.Bitcoin value has multiplied 879,999 times from 2010 to 2017.64% of Bitcoins have never been used and might never be used.The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) owns 1.5% of the world’s Bitcoins.Around 5% of the Bitcoin economy is active on Silk Road online black market.The world’s largest Bitcoin exchange MT Gox crashed in 2014 and prices fell by 40%.Potential annual savings for banks utilizing blockchain technology is $8-12 million.Only 807 people worldwide have ever declared Bitcoin income for tax purposes.There are 7 Bitcoin debit cards for businesses and individuals.The first big Bitcoin acquisition was worth $11.5 million for 126,315 Bitcoins. This is known as the SatohiDice.A person by the name Nakowa won 11,000 Bitcoins worth $1.3M back in 2013 (worth over $47M today) on a gambling site.Chinese mining pools control more than 70% of the Bitcoin network’s collective hashrate (the speed at which a computer is completing an operation in the Bitcoin code).Bithumb, the 4th largest Bitcoin exchange was hacked for billions of dollars in July 2017.In May 2010, 10,000 Bitcoins would get you two Pizzas. In May 2017, 1 Bitcoin was worth 20 million Pizzas.Refunds are not possible on Bitcoin transactionsBitcoin transactions are measured in Satoshi/byte. 1 Satoshi = 0.00000001 Bitcoin.James Howell lost 7500 Bitcoins worth £4 million by throwing his hard drive which had his Bitcoin wallet.Bitcoins generated as a reward for mining halves every 4 years until all Bitcoins are fully mined.A new block of coins is “solved” every ten minutes which leads to about 6 new discoveries of Bitcoins per hour.Unlike conventional currency, Bitcoins are based on mathematics and are decentralized.All data from Bitcoin transactions are transparent and can be seen on Blockchain.By July 2017, 16.4 million Bitcoins were in circulation.The 4000th Bitcoin worth $3 million was donated to Wikileaks in December 2016.The Bitcoin network is more powerful than 500 supercomputers put together.In 2016, someone accidentally sent $137,000 worth of Bitcoins instead of $5 with no way to get it back.17 million Bitcoins are expected to be in use in 10 years.The 21 million Bitcoin limit is expected to expire in 2140.Alphabay Phisher Phishkingz claims to have made $1 million by stealing Bitcoins over a period of 14 months.University of Nicosia, Cyprus, was the first university to accept Bitcoins to pay for academic fees.Virgin Galactic, theoretical space travel adventure club accepts Bitcoins.You can earn extra Bitcoins by playing Blockchain game.Florida circuit court dismissed a money laundering case in 2016 saying Bitcoin is not money as per state regulations.Bitcoin has surged up 162% in 2017 only.In August 2012, a Bitcoin Ponzi scheme by the name Bitcoin Savings and Trust was shut down and people lost 700,000 Bitcoins in total.Microsoft, Dell and Expedia are examples of companies that accept Bitcoins as payment.Austin Craig and Beccy Bingham showed how one can survive 90 days on Bitcoins alone.The number of merchants accepting Bitcoins grew from 36,000 to 82,000 in 2014.Ethereum with a market cap of 18.7 billion coins and Litecoin with a market cap of 2.27 billion coins are believed to be Bitcoin successors.90% of all Bitcoin addresses have little or no real value at all.Roger Ver (52 million Bitcoins), Charlie Shrem (45 million Bitcoins) and Dave Carlson (35 million Bitcoins) are some of the Bitcoin millionaires today.There are 1354 Bitcoin ATMs worldwide, in 55 countries by 21 ATM producers and 231 operators.Bitcoin has value added tax (VAT) exemption on Belgium.Swiss classified digital currency as a foreign currency.Bitcoin is illegal in Vietnam, Bolivia, Kyrgyzstan, Iceland, Ecuador, Bangladesh and Thailand.
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Why hasn't the IAF retired the MiG-21 yet, even though it is extremely old?
I will give a step-wise explanation on why IAF still uses Jaguar and Mig-21 till date even though they were retired long ago by some of the operators around the world.Mig-21 : It was in early 1980s , when Indian Air Force realised that it needed to replace its Mig-21 since they will be signNowing the end of their service life by 1990s which will be a critical fall for Indian Air Force in terms of numbers. Hence the Tejas programme was started which had its own share of problems and was dragged on for many years. Hence what IAF needed was an interim solution. The solution came when it was decided that IAF Mig-21 will be upgraded and its Total Technical Life (TTL) will be extended. The upgrade involved better avionics , armaments , EW suite and more. This helped the Mig-21 to stay for much longer in Indian Air Force. The sole reason why Mig-21 has persisted in IAF till date was due to the fact that Tejas programme faced initial hiccups and thus failed in its objective to replace the older Mig-21 in IAF service.Recently IAF has retired its Mig-21 Type 96 Aircrafts as Tejas programme has started to bore results with Tejas now being actively inducted in Flying Daggers Squadron of IAF. At present IAF uses only Mig-21 Bison/bis aircrafts which will be retired from service by next decade.SEPECAT Jaguar : Jaguars in IAF service are termed as “Deep Penetration Strike Aircraft” ( DPSA ) meant as a Fighter-Bomber to strike deep in the enemy territory. Indian Air Force has serially upgraded its Jaguars with DARIN programmes the latest being DARIN III which adds an AESA radar to the Jaguar. Future replacement for Jaguar can be AMCA which is an Indian 5th Generation Fighter Aircraft currently under development. The extended life which has been breathed in Indian Jaguars through MLUs can well keep Indian Jaguars in air up till next decade.India has been notoriously known for running the aircrafts in its inventory for a much longer time than warranted by its TTL through MLUs like in case of Mig-21 and Jaguars and even Mig-27 and others. Retiring almost 200+ Mig-21 will bring in a critical void which IAF doesn’t want due to its falling numbers. Also Jaguar is India’s lone DPSA so as long as upgrades are available and quick replacements are unavailable it is better to keep them running as these aircrafts serve quite well in their roles.Many nations still use Mig-21 like Romania with some of the famous Mig-21 knockoffs like F-7 used many nations around the world like Bangladesh , Pakistan and Egypt.
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What is the best free PDF reader for large documents?
[1] PDF format is popularly known as print document format. This creates a virtual printer within operating system to print the document. For offline scanning of document, the PDF format is popular. The importance attached with these program is that you need to have PDFsoftware installed to run these files. If someone sends you PDF file and your computer do not have such software installed then that file is not to be read from there.There are so many PDF softwires available and this article aims to find out the mostly free software or freeware to help readers to choose from variety of options. More and more operating systems are providing built-in facilities for such products. Now-a-days everything comes with PDF formats beginning from circulars, bank statement, insurance statement, tax statement and e-books.That is why there immense important to have the free PDF software installed on computer but the thousand question is which one is to choose from the variety of resources available.Sumatra PDF:Sumatra PDF is available for download to Windows since the times of Windows XP. This program has very low foot print, light on system resources and fast. It is going to perform simple task as well as it is going to perform complex task depending upon you choose from PDFfiles. It is available with installed version as well as standalone portable version in which it does not write to registry.It is available in 64 bit version on Windows. It is available for Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, 8.1 and 10. It is available for Windows operating system only.signNow Reader DC:It is from signNow and signNow is available for free for users. While installing this software do check for installation of MCAfee security and safe connect.it is a big download of nearing to 120 MB. Yours antivirus software might stop this installation so allow to install it. This software for high=end computing processes.Many features are included with it and for some features you might need it and if you want to have these features then it is better to choose this software. It has mobile version of android and apple operating system. With it you are going to synchronize documents with clouds and yours signature too and everything is going to stay with cloud to access from each and every device.When you first download signNow on Windows, a download manager first downloads and it is small in size and then by opening that download manager signNow software is installed and this is nearer to 120 MB.PDF-Xchange Editor:PDF-Xchange Editor is a smart PDF tools and most functions are free except some complex ones. It is a PDF reader, pdf editor and pdf tools. It can print PDFs, fill the forms created with signNow and can extract images from PDF files. There are some advanced features included in this free version but most of these are not free one is that watermarking of PDFsoftware which is not free.Foxit Reader:Foxit Reader is fast, simple and is there for years. It is available for Windows, Apple and android versions. It can fill forms and save data. Can include and validate electronic signatures. During installation user need to be cautioned not to install so many verities of other software. In order to keep the size of download minimal, the user manual is available for separate download.It is faster than PDF-Xchange Editor. If you are not interested in OCR facilities then Foxit reader is best suited for yours work. Multiple PDF documents when opened all these are opened in tab format and shifting from one tab to the other is easier. From time to time it introduces some new features in order to provide dynamic software development.It allows adding up of multimedia files easier. Collaboration with social media accounts becomes easier with Fixit Reader because of the ease to synchronize with Twitter, Facebook, Evernote and SharePoint. One caution is that Foxit Reader comes bundled with so many other software and toolbar and it is important to not to allow installations of such software during its installation.MuPDF Reader:It is very lightweight PDF Reader. On its first launch it will ask you about to choose from files instead of showing its interface and when the PDF is opened then it shows the exact documents and no toolbar and other interfaces are present. In order to see the interface of MuPDF reader you are going to click on the top left of the visible windows to find it. It provides a cleaner interface and superior look for PDF files.Google Chrome PDF viewer:While browsing for internet whenever you see any PDF and click on it and it will slowly open in another tab of Chrome and you can read it from there or download by clicking the downloadsymbol available there. This setting can be turned and changed out there easily, go to settings of chrome and then advanced and then content settings and then pdf documents, Scroll down and click on PDF documents and from there switch on ‘Download PDF files instead of opening automatically opening them in Chrome’ and this will download PDF files from net to computer.If you want to read PDF files that are stored inside computer, then right click on that files and then open with chrome and your chrome reader will automatically, open pdf files and for this you will not have to install pdf viewers. Similarly, with android if you install Google Drive then you will not need any other third-party PDF apps as Google Drive act as PDF viewer and make it default while opening the first PDF and that is going to make it default.TinyPDF:TinyPDF as the name suggests has very small foot print of PDF reader and it has no string attached. It is only 586k as it is less than one MB. It does not contain no malware, adware, watermarks and no pop Global Home: UPS is completely free. JPEG compression is supported. No ghost script and third-party software included with the installer version. The downside is that it is partially supported on 64-bit computer. Automatic font management is there.There are so many alternatives to use for PDF viewer and if your computer is 64 bit then you can download the 64 bit version of Sumatra PDF and if you want to insert electronic signature then opt for Foxit PDF reader and if you want to have the old and classic PDF reader which is heavier in file composition and not for low end computing purposes then go for signNow and lastly if you do not want to install PDF readers at all then it is better to open it with Google Chrome built in PDF viewer.So, there are many large numbers of option to choose from and if you want to have some complex PDF functions besides the presence of PDF reader you need pdf tools and others then it is best to have PDF-Xchange viewer and so many other option listed here you can choose it from. There are some other alternatives are available which are there to search ad find in internet.This entry was posted in Android Apps on Google Play, Apple Inc., Computer Information Technology, Google, Google Chrome, Information Technology, Internet, Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows XP and tagged signNow, Apple, doPDF, FOXIT READER, free PDF converter, google chrome, image to pdf converter, PDF Password Remover, pdf printer, pdf-xchange, Sumatra PDF A PDF Viewer for Windows, WINDOWS, Windows 8, WINDOWS VISTA, WINDOWS XP, Windows XP SP3 onFootnotes[1] Best Free PDF Writer and Reader
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What are the current topics for a paper presentation by an ECE student?
List of all Technical topics (ECE) in recent trend is given below :A Digital Speech Effects SynthesizerAdvanced Queue Management TechniquesAgent Mediated E-commerceAircarsAircraft GPS TrackingAmbiophonicsAn Electric BicycleLogin application in java using model view controller(mvc) and MySQL databaseAnatomy and working of search enginesAndroid a smart phone operating system by googleAnti-hiv using nano robotsApache hadoop introductionApplication of microcontroller in vehicle monitoring and security systemAqua communication using modemArtificial intelligence on expert systemsAn iPhone application for visualizing pollution mapsAnalysis of Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) for Domestic Electrical appliancesAnalysis on Performance of Freeware ToolsAndroid Operating SystemAnimatronicsAntenna Analysis Using Wavelet RepresentationsAnti-Jamming wireless systemsApplication of Genetic Algorithms in Network routingApplication of LED for Domestic ApplicationsApplications of Graph Theory to Metabolic PathwaysApplications of Soft Computing in Medical Image AnalysisApplications of speech recognitionApproximate string matching for Music retrievalARQ Schemes for Wireless Data CommunicationsArtificial EyeArtificial immune system.Artificial intelligence for speech recognitionAspects of Database Security and Program SecurityAttacks on Smart CardsAugmented RealityAuthentication and securing the systemsAutomated Network Address AssignmentAutomated Software Testing of ApplicationsAutomatic Device Driver Synthesis From Device SpecificationsAutomatic sound-based user grouping for real time online forumsAutomatic Video Surveillance SystemsAutonomic ComputingAutomatic Conveyor for Industrial AutomationAttendance Monitoring Intelligent ClassroomAn Automatic Mobile Recharge StationBidirectional Power Control for hybrid vehiclesBiomolecular ComputersBiometrics IRIS techniqueBio sensors (photonics)BiochipsBio-Medical Instrumentation and Signal analysisBiometric SecurityBiometric TechnologyBiometrics Based AuthenticationBio-Molecular ComputingBionic eye possible path toward artificial retinaUltrasonic Based Distance Measurement SystemWireless Advanced Flight Systems Aircraft Monitoring SystemBlade ServersBlue GeneBlue sat Communications ProtocolBlue-sat Radio Switching CircuitBluetooth Based Smart Sensor NetworksBrain computer interfaceBiomass gasifier for thermal and electrical applicationsBittorrent a revolution in p2p technologyBlue brainBlue eyes technologyBrain controlled car for disabled using artificial intelligenceBrain gateBrain port deviceBrain Finger Print TechnologyBrian Gate TechnologyBroadband via satellite to Rural AreasCapability Maturity Model Programming (CMM)Capacity of Ad-hoc Wireless NetworksVehicle Speed Sensing and Smoke Detecting SystemIntelligent Fire Sprinkler SystemCapturing packets in secured networksCarbon nano tube electronicsCDMA Wireless Data TransmitterCellular CommunicationsCellular Digital Packet DataCellular Neural NetworkCellular technologies and securityCarbon nanotubesChallenges in mobile ad hoc networks (manets)Cloud computingCloud computing concepts and designCensoring private information from network packet tracesChannel Allocation Algorithms for Mobile TelephonyGSM based Advanced Wireless Earthquake Alarm System for early warningIntelligent Wireless Talking Bus StopChannel Coding and Decoding for Mobile CommunicationsChannel Estimation in MIMO SystemsCharacterization of Piezoelectric ElementsChess AlgorithmChoreographyAqua communication using modemCircuit and safety analysis systemClassification, Clustering and Application in Intrusion Detection SystemClassification, Clustering and their Application for Damage Detection in MechanicalClustering Enterprise JavaCoding in high noise environmentsCold fusionCollaborative Mobile EnvironmentsCombined Input Output Queued SwitchesCompact peripheral component interconnect (CPCI)Compliers and its workingCompression and distribution of volumetric data setsComputational Geometry in Drug DesignComputational Intelligence and LinguisticsComputational neuroscienceComputational PhotographyComputer ForensicsComputer Viruses(Malwares, Trojons, Spywares)Computerized Paper Evaluation using Neural NetworkConcurrent Programming and Parallel distributed O.S.Condition Monitoring of Power System EquipmentConditional Access SystemContent Management Systems(WordPress, Joomla, Drupal etc)Continuously variable transmission (CVT)Control & Signal Processing Techniques in Financial EngineeringControl and Optimization Methods in Communication NetworksControl of a 3-d overhead craneControl of heterogeneous networksControl System Wireless InterfaceControlled multimedia recording environment for lectures and 3D.Controller design for a helicopter modelCooperative Adaptive Cruise ControlCross Platform Component Object ModelCrusoe ProcessorCryogenic ProcessorCryptography and N/W securityCryptovirologyCSS and DeCSSCT scanningCyber terrorismDeploying a wireless sensor network on an active volcanoDigital jewelryData Mining for Condition Monitoring of Power System EquipmentData mining through Active LearningDynamic Car Parking Negotiation and Guidance Using An Agent-Based PlatformGSM Real Time Street Light Control SystemsData over Cable System (DOCSIS)Data Pre ProcessingData Security in Local Network using Distributed FirewallsData ware hosuing & miningDatagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP)Dataset Query algorithms in Streaming MiningDelay-Tolerant NetworksDense wavelength division multiplexingDesign and development of a programmable alarm systemDesign of a wireless sensor board for measuring air pollutionDesign of Amplifier for recording of Nerve SignalsDesign of an all Electric Steering WheelDesign of diamond-based Photonics devicesDesign of IC Amplifiers for touch SensorsDesign of Low Density Parity Check CodesDetermination of efficiency of the Permanent Magnet MotorsDeveloping a own server systemDevelopment and Control of Humanoid robotDevelopment of a Broadband Tunable Fiber LaserDevelopment of a New Sensor for Detecting Partial Discharge Induced PressureDevelopment of a wind-turbine simulatorDevelopment of new sensors for online monitoring of partial dischargesDigit recognition using neural networkDigital Audio BroadcastingDigital Audio Effects Control by AccelerometryDigital Camera Calibration and Inversion for Stereo iCinemaDigital Neurons for Digital BrainsDigital Signal Processing and their applicationsDigital silhouettesDigital theatre systemDirect to home television (DTH)Direct Torque and Flux Control of IPMSMDistance learning systemsDomain name servers [DNS]Driving Optical Network EvolutionDual Energy X-ray AbsorptiometryDynamic Cache Management TechniqueDynamic Memory Allocation(malloc, calloc, NEW etc)Dynamic resource allocation in Grid ComputingDynamic source routing protocolDynamic Virtual Private NetworkEarth Simulator- Fastest SupercomputerEffects of large scale integration of PV systems on the distribution networkEfficiency / Comparative study of routing schemes in event based systemsElectromagnetic Applications for Mobile and Satellite CommunicationsElectromagnetic launching systemElectromagnetic processor fabricationElectronic nose & its applicationElliptical Curve Cryptography(ECC)Embedded Configurable Operating systemEmbedded system in automobilesEmbedded systems and VLSI an architectural approach to reduce leakage energy in memoryEmbedded web server for remote accessEmbryonics approach towards integrated circuitsEmergency Health Care SystemEmerging trends in robotics using neural networksE-MINE: A novel web mining approachEncrypted Hard disksEncrypted Text chat Using BluetoothEncryption Decryption MethodsEnergy-efficiency and Layer Integration in Wireless NetworksEnterprise SecurityEqualization of room acoustics for audio reproductionEthernet Passive Optical NetworkE-Toll tax fixingEvolution Of Embedded SystemeXtensible Bindings Language (XBL )Electronic waste (e-waste)Embedded web server for industrial automationEyegaze systemFuel saver systemGoogle autonomous carFeatures of Qualcomm Snapdragon processorGuarding distribution automation system against cyber attacksFace detection technologyFacility Layout Design using Genetic AlgorithmFalls detection using accelerometry and barometric pressureFast Convergence Algorithms for Active Noise Controlling VehiclesFault Tolerance in Virtual Machine EnvironmentsFault tolerant Routing in Mobile Ad-Hoc NetworkFerroelectric RAMFine Grained DataBase SecurityFine-grained Access Control in DatabasesFingerprint recognition system by neural networksFinite Element Interface (FEI)Flexible CRT DisplaysFluorescent Multilayer Disc (FMD)Fluorescent Multilayer Optical Data StorageForecasting Wind PowerFractal image compressionFractal robotsFree Space Laser Communicationsfully digital class-D amplifiersFully Integrated Amp-Meter for Electrical SimulatorsFunctional Magnetic Resonance ImagingFuture of the internetFuture Programming Techniques and ConceptsFuzzified Computer-Automated Crane Control SystemFuzzy Logic Control for complex systemsGaming interfaces applied to videoconferencingGeneral Packet Radio Service (GPRS)Generic visual perception processorGeographic information systemGeometric Invariants in Biological MoleculesGIS tools for web applicationsGlobal positioning response systemGSM Digital Security Systems for PrinterVoice Operated Intelligent Fire Extinguisher VehicleGlobal Positioning SystemGlobal System for Mobile Communication (GSM)Google Android- Mobile OS from GoogleGrasshopper Operating SystemGroupware TechnologyGSM Security And EncryptionHandfree driving [auto]Hardware EDAC for Harsh EnvironmentsHardware implementation of background image modelingHAVI: Home Audio Video InteroperabilityHawk Eye – A Technology in sportsHigh Altitude Aeronautical PlatformsHigh Performance ClustersHigh Performance ComputingHigh Performance DSP ArchitecturesHigh Speed Circuits for optical InterconnectHigh Speed Data in Mobile NetworksHigh speed LANs or InternetHolographic Data StorageHolographic MemoryHolographic Versatile DiscHolt-Winters technique for Financial ForecastingHomeRF and Bluetooth: A wireless data communications revolutionHot Spot TechnologyHyper thread imaxHyper thread technologyHyper Transport TechnologyHow does a search engine work ??How does google search engine work ??How to create a website using wordpressHuman computer interaction & its futureDesign of a color Sensing System for Textile IndustriesGSM based Path Planning for Blind Person Using UltrasonicImage retrieval using compact binary signaturesVehicle Monitoring and Security SystemImbricate cryptographyImplementation of hamming codeIntroduction to microcontrollersIntroduction to AirfoilIntrusion detection and avoidance systemIC Amplifier Design for Touch SensorsImage transmission over WiMax SystemsImage WatermarkingImplantable on-chip Power SuppliesImproving TCP performance over mobile ad hoc networksIndustrial Applications using Neural NetworksInformation Extraction from structured & Semi-structured dataInformation Extraction modes & techniquesInfrared Remote ControlInnovative Application Development using J2EE ArchitectureIntegrated Circuit Design for Biomedical ApplicationsIntegrated Optical Chip DesignIntegrated Voice and Data transfer & handlingIntegrating Structural Design and Formal Methods in Real Time System DesignIntegrating Wind Power into the Electricity gridIntegration of Parallel Database in a Service Oriented ArchitectureIntegration of wind and solar energy in smart mini gridIntel centrino mobile technologyIntelligent calling bellIntelligent navigation systemIntelligent Patient Monitoring SystemIntelligent RAM : IRAMIntelligent Software AgentsInteractive Voice Response SystemInternet Access via Cable TV NetworkInternet architecture and routingInternet Protocol duplicate address detection and adaptationIntrusion Detection SystemInvestigation into solar thermal/coal driven power stationsInvestigation of the real-time implementation of learning controllersIP spoofingIP re-director featuresiOS 8 featuresIPODSIris ScanningiSCSI: The future of Network StorageISO Loop magnetic couplersJava Cryptography Architecture (JCA)Java Messaging Service (JMS)Enterprise Messaging Service (EMS)Advantages of EMS over JMSJava BeansJIRO Java-based technologyLaser Power SupplyJmeter toolGEMS tool for EMSLess characterization of ferromagnetic material for non-sinusoidal excitationLight emitting polymersLoad balancing and Fault tolerant serversLight Interception Image AnalysisLight TreeLightning Protection Using LFAMLiquid Crystal on Silicon Display (LCOS)Location estimation and trajectory prediction for PCS networksLong baseline motion estimationLotus Notes/DominoLow power filter design for mobile communicationLow Power UART Design for Serial Data CommunicationLow-Power Microelectronics for Biomedical ImplantsLow-Power Oscillator for ImplantsMagnetic Random Access MemoryManaging Data In Multimedia ConferencingMango- new mobile from MicrosoftMicro chip production using extreme uv lithographyMicrosoft NetMeetingMigration from GSM network to GPRSMining the Web: Searching, Integration and DiscoveryMobile Virtual Reality ServiceMobility Modeling and trajectory prediction for next generation PCS networksModeling of current spread through electrode geometries in implantable hearing deviceModeling of wind turbine system for an Interior Permanent magnet generatorMoletronics- an invisible technologyPower generation through Thermoelectric generatorsMulti Protocol Label SwitchingMulti user Scheduling for MIMO broadcastingMultiple clients communicationMultiple Domain OrientationMultisensor Fusion and IntegrationNeuro chipsParasitic computingPassword paradigmsPolymer memory a new way of using plastic as secondary storageProgrammable logic devices (PLD)Navigation of Mobile Wheeled RobotsNerve Signal Measurement Electronics for Biomedical ImplantsNetwork Attached Storage (NAS)Non Volatile Static RAMOptical coherence tomographyOptical to electrical converter for optical interconnectOptimization of Ad Hoc Wireless Sensor NetworksOptimization of Protocol Stack for wireless networksOracle RDBMSOutdoor High Voltage InsulatorsOvonic Unified MemoryPersonal Satellite assistant SystemsPH Control Technique using Fuzzy LogicPhone Busy IndicatorPivot Vector Space Approach in Audio-Video MixingPlastic chips & electronicsPluggable Authentication Modules (PAM)POF Tunable Fiber LaserPOP Plaster Of ParisPower Efficiency and Security in Smart HomesProactive Anomaly DetectionPrototype System Design for TelemedicinePublic Key Encryption and Digital SignatureQoS in Cellular Networks Based on MPTQoS in Networking using active NetworksQOS in software server FirewallsQuad-Core ProcessorsRadio Frequency Identification (RFID)Real time communication in wireless sensor networksReal Time Operating Systems on Embedded ICsReal Time Speech TranslationReal Time Systems with Linux/RTAIReliable and Fault Tolerant Routing on Mobile Ad Hoc NetworkRenovating the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)Revolutions in the Operating System and ServersRobotic SurgeryRoom Equalization for Audio ReproductionRuby on Rails [RoR]Radio frequency identification technologyRapid prototypingSecured webportal for online shoppingSecuring underwater wireless communication networksSecurity analysis of micropayment systemSecurity aspects in mobile ad hoc network (manets)Security requirements in wireless sensor networksSemantic webSensitive skinSnake robot the future of agile motionSoftware defined radio(sdr)Spwm technique for multilevel inverterStorage area network(SAN)SwitchgrassSystem on chipSALT (Speech Application Language Tags)Sand Box TechnologySecurity of Open-Source SoftwareSecurity On Wireless LAN Adaptive cruise controlSecurity threats in the World Wide WebSensor fusion for video surveillanceSensors on 3D DigitizationSession Initiation Protocol (SIP)Shallow water Acoustic NetworksShort Message Service (SMS)Significance of real-time transport Protocol in VOIPSimulating Quantum CryptographySimulation of low-power converter for electromagnetic vibration driven generatorSingle photon emission computed tomographySmart camera for traffic surveillanceSmart Cameras in Embedded SystemsSmart FabricsSnickometer A toolSocket ProgrammingSoftware advances in wireless communication(Cognitive Radio, Dynamic spectrum Access etc. )Software Testing & Quality AssuranceSpace MouseSpace RoboticsSpectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio NetworksSpeech Enhancement for Cochlear ImplantsSpeech Enhancement for Mobile ApplicationsSpeech transmission over WiMax systemsSpeed Detection of moving vehicle using speed camerasSPINS -Security Protocol For Sensor NetworkSplit Range SynchronizationStealth VirusSurface-conduction Electron-emitter Display (SED)Swarm intelligence & traffic SafetySynchronous Optical NetworkingSynthetic Aperture Radar SystemSystems Control for Tactical Missile GuidanceTesting methods (Stress, Black-Box, White-Box, Performance Testing etc )The Architecture of a Moletronics ComputerThe Tiger SHARC processorThermal infrared imaging technologyThought Translation Device (TTD)Time Shared O.S.Tracking and Positioning of Mobiles in TelecommunicationTrends in Compiler ConstructionThree-dimensional password for more secure authenticationUltrasonic motorWearable biosensorsWeb-miningTraffic Light Control SystemMulti-Channel Infra Red Remote ControlMagic lightsZigbee Based Wireless Sensor Network for Sewerage MonitoringWireless integrated network sensorsUbiquitous NetworkingUltra Low-Power Microphone Pre-AmplifierUltra Low-Power Radio Receiver for Biomedical ApplicationsUltrasonic detector for monitoring partial dischargeUltra-Wideband CommunicationUMA (Unlicensed Mobile Access )Vector – LDPC Codes for 3G Fading ChannelsVirtual SurgeryWideband Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radio SystemsWireless Computer Communications Using Sound WavesLink 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What is the technologically most advanced fighter jet at the moment?
I may be a bit biased, but even without my bias the answer is pretty clear: The F-35 Lightning II is the most technologically advanced today.The F-35 has a whole list of sensors in its suite, paired with very powerful computers with 8 million lines of code (4x the amount of an F-22) that process 400 billion operations per second.[1] But what are those sensors?1) Distributed Aperture System(DAS) AN/AAQ-37 is 6 Electro-Optical sensors that watch a total 570 degrees, overlapping to provide safe 360 degree observation, they are positioned such that no part of the aircraft masks it’s 360 view. DAS provides automatic missile and aircraft detection, tracking & warning and integrates imagery to the HMD. Each aperture is interlinked to the ICP which runs the software algorithms that generates geo-registered threat reports and imagery which is then forward to either the HMD or Cockpit Display. DAS detects moving targets and has detected ballistic missile launches at 1,300km and detected tanks firing, the processing power of the ICP allows DAS to simultaneously track thousands of objects.2) Gen III Helmet Mounted Display System(HMDS),All the information pilots need to complete their missions – airspeed, heading, altitude, targeting information and warnings – is projected on the helmet’s visor, rather than on a traditional Heads-up Display. Additionally, the F-35’s Distributed Aperture System (DAS) streams real-time imagery from six infrared cameras mounted around the aircraft to the helmet at near 20/20 vision acuity, allowing pilots to “look through” the airframe, a small strip at the bottom provides a 360 view, a compass/mini-map in the lower right corner and indicates the direction the pilot is looking. The helmet also provides pilots night vision through the use of an integrated camera, which because it’s FLIR isn’t as sensitive to bright lights. This helmet gives the pilot exceptional Situational Awareness which is the primary driver for engagement outcomes 80% of the time. Due to the precision required, padding inside the HMD is specifically molded to each pilots head shape. Current contracts have the price of the helmet at 301k which is slightly more than JHMCs. The HMD and DAS also par very well with the new generation High Off Bore missiles that can be targeted and launched at aircraft up to 90 degrees off bore and the Lock On After Launch feature will provide 360 degree missile engagement envelope.Side Note: The Cockpit also features several advances, assembled by a team with 150 years of tactical aviation experience, it is dominated by two joint 10 inch by 8 inch Panoramic Cockpit Displays(PCD) with touch integration and extensive voice activation functionality, each PCD has an independent computer and can be subdivided into different modes. A few buttons do remain such as landing gear, electrical reset and engine on/off which work regardless of software. F-16/18/35cockpits and a Norwegian comparison.3) Electro-Optical Targeting System (EOTS) AN/AAQ-40, a combined FLIR and infrared search and track, it features laser designation, laser spot tracker for cooperative engagements, air-to-air and air-to-ground tracking FLIR, wide area IRST and generation of geo-coordinates to support GPS-guided weapons. It will initially be able to share still images to troops, a Common Data Link(CDL) will allow the Video feed generated to be sent to ground troops over a Rover Network, they could even control where the camera is pointed and indicate to the Pilot where they want targeted, this functionality is planned for Block 4. There are other programsaimed at furthering this interaction between ground troops and CAS. The EOTS has a long range, able to discern windows apart in a Hotel 50 miles away.4) AESA/APG-81 Radar, this radar is exceptional with an Active Electronically Steered Array(AESA) of 1,676 T/R modules and can do vastly more than old Passive Electronically Steered Array(PESA) radars, especially with it’s integration to the ICP. It can track more aircraft, create high def SAR maps and then automatically identify targets(ATR), use inverse SAR to detect and identify maritime objects, use passive bistatic detection methods, can jam radars in combination with ASQ-239, can be used in LPI/LPD mode where it scans at different frequencies and power rapidly to avoid detection or it can use “closed-loop tracking” where after detecting an aircraft it will only use the minimal power to keep track of the aircraft, it can use Non Cooperative Target Recognition to “Map” out aircraft to identify them or analyze their thrust signature. The F-35 also has color-weather radar for navigating thunderstorms, squall lines, and fronts and is a first for fighters. The APG-81 won the David Packard award for it’s resistance to jamming. Here’s a simulation video.5) AN/ASQ-239 “Barracuda”. While most aircraft carry crutch Electronic Warfare(EW) systems, the F-35’s was designed from the outset for integration, able to operate not just with other components within the aircraft such as the APG-81, it can operate with other F-35’s over MADL to perform EW operations together. The AN/ASQ-239 is an evolution of the F-22’s AN/ALR-94 which is described as the most complex and costly avionics piece on the F-22, the Barracuda has twice the reliability and is a quarter the cost of the ALR-94, as well as being able to reduce the 30 sensors on the F-22 to 10 sensors, it has demonstrated the ability to detect and jam the F-22’s radar. It’s able to precisely geo-locate emission locations hundreds of kilometers away, further then it’s radar can see and from there the APG-81 can be slaved to that data track and then detect and track the object with a very narrow beam, increasing power and detection on target while decreasing detection by other aircraft. At close range or against targets using Jammers it is capable of narrowband interleaved search and track(NBILST) against aircraft which provides precise range and velocity that can then be used by a missile without need of the APG-81, allowing 360 degree targeting of aircraft. The Barracuda can refer to it’s data-banks of known emissions and identify the source vehicle or store it for future classification. Other features are false target generation and range-gate stealing, offensive EW is possible, a towed RF decoy is also a part of the package as is MJU-68/B Flares, the counter measure dispenser’s can be seen from behind. The F-35 will also feature “cyber attack” capability.6) The Communications, Navigation and Information(CNI) system. The CNI uses Software-defined radio (SDR) technology, SDR uses reconfigurable RF hardware and computer processors to run software that produces a desired waveform, the CNI can manage over 27 different wave-forms. One of the new wave-forms is the MultiFunction Advanced Data Link(MADL) developed for the F-35 which has a very high data(video streaming etc) transfer rate and is very hard to intercept or jam, giving the aircraft “stealth” communications, it also acts in a Daisy Chain fashion to operate over wide areas with numerous nodes(other F-35s). The F-35 will have LPI/LPD Link-16 capability as well. With it’s full suite of communications It can give information to another aircraft enhancing their situational awareness, this allows an F-35 that has expended it’s munitions to continue to act as an AWACS, furthering network centric warfare. If an F-35 see’s a ballistic missile it can give that information to a naval vessel who can send an SM-6 after it with the F-35’s targeting data, extending the range of AEGIS, or it can provide geo-coordinate data on a vehicle somewhere and guide in artillery GPS shells/rockets or missiles(tomahawks) etc. With the AESA radar the communications system can send or receive very large amounts of data very quickly.7) Integrated Core Processor(ICP), Blocks and Code. At the core of the F-35 is the Computer systems, this is where all the information that every system gathers comes together and is fused then presented to the pilot. This computer system is designed to be very easy to upgrade and up to date, the power system was also designed to handle future loads as well as the use of fibre optics for high data transfer rates. The Code for the F-35 comprises 8.1 million lines, Block 1 had 76% of the code, Block 2 had an additional 6% that enabled basic avionic and weapon functionality, Block 2B is ongoing with version 2BR5, only data clean up is left and the USMC intends to declare IOC with Block 2. Block 3i will be next which the Air Force will go to IOC with, afterwards Block 3F will follow, the USN requires Block 3F for IOC. 98% of that coding is developed and in the labs, and 89% is currently flying. The estimated delay on Block 3F is 4-6 months without making changes but is within the buffer and will be ready for USN IOC. The F-35 also has very strong cryptographic security, only the US has the ability to modify the source code, but aircraft owners will be able to change geographic data.8) Autonomic Logistics Information System(ALIS) and Maintenance, ALIS receives Health Reporting information while the F-35 is still in flight, the system, with 5 million lines of code, enables the pre-positioning of parts and qualified maintainers on the ground, so that when the aircraft lands, downtime is minimized and efficiency is increased. This system is the most delayed part of the JSF program and is encountering signNow software issuesbut has a strong potential to enable much higher sortie rates and reduced ground maintenance requirements. The F-35 has complex health management system’s throughout the aircraft and engine. The F-35 also has closed-loop Electro-Hydrostatic Actuators that require no maintenance for their entire lifetime, this feature also has the benefit of avoiding the need for manual reversion after suffering damage. The F-35 has a200hp gas turbine engine for starting the main engine, for environmental controls and emergency power if the engine were to fail.9) Stealth, reportedly at 0.006m² to 0.001m² RCS or -30 dBsm(from 2005, newer comments state it’s smaller then an F-22), it has a vastly reduced detection range, what this does is reduce the enemy’s reaction times, allows the F-35 to operate outside of a targets engagement range and enables it to “first look, first shot, first kill” which sets the initiative of the fight in the F-35s favour. An F/A-18E/F has about 0.5m² RCS, if it was detected at 100nm the F-35 would be detected at 25nm. Stealth increases the effectiveness of Jamming. The F-35’s stealth is also much more maintenance friendly than previous aircraft, notably with the stealth coating cured into the skin. Another aspect of Stealth is the Thermal Signature, the F-35 incorporates lessons from the LOAN program for reduced engine RCS & thermals as well as advanced air bleeding and using the fuel as a heat sink.Note, this is taken from here[2]. Id love to write a book about how advanced the F-35 is on a quora question, but Id rather just use the work other people have already done.Footnotes[1] https://www.f35.com/about/capabi...[2] Comprehensive Information
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What is the role of each aircraft in Indian Air Force?
TL,DR: The Fighter Jet fleet of the IAF can be divided into the following categories:Air Superiority Aircraft : Sukhoi 30 MKI, Dassault Rafale*Multi Role Aircraft : MiG 21 Bison, MiG 29 UPG, Dassault Mirage 2000-5 Mk 2, HAL Tejas Mk IDeep Penetration Strike Aircraft : Jaguar DARIN IIIGround Attack Aircraft : MiG 27The Transport Aircraft fleet of the IAF consists of:Heavy Air Lift Cargo Aircraft : IL 76, C 17 Globemaster IIIStrategic Air Lift Aircraft : C 130J Super HerculesMid Air Refuellers: IL 78 MKIMedium Cargo Aircraft : Antonov An-32Light Transport Aircraft : Dornier Do 228Communication and Training Aircraft: Hawker Siddeley HS 748The Rotary wing of the IAF comprises of :Heavy Airlift Helicopter : Mil Mi-26Medium Airlift Helicopter : Mil Mi-17 v5Advanced Light Helicopter : HAL DhruvAttack Helicopter : Mil Mi-35, HAL LCH*, HAL RudraLight Utility Helicopter : HAL Cheetah, ChetakThe Airborne Early Warning & Control aircraft of the IAF consists of :360 Degree coverage aircraft : Phalcon AEW&C240 Degree coverage aircraft : DRDO NetraThe Trainer Aircraft of the IAF consists of :Basic Trainer Aircraft : Pilatus PC-7 Mk II, HAL HTT 40*Intermediate Jet Trainer : HAL Kiran Mk IIAdvanced Jet Trainer : BAE Hawk Mk 132Caveat: Aircrafts marked with * are in advanced stages of Induction with the IAFA wonderful question, I hope I can do justice to it and the Indian Air Force with my answer.The Fighter jet fleet of the Indian Air Force (IAF) is divided into the following categories:Air Superiority Aircraft : Undoubtedly India owns one of the finest jets in Asia at the moment. The Sukhoi 30 MKI is a wonderful plane with avionics integrated into the air frame from 5 countries. The role of this plane is to gain superiority by driving out enemy jets in an area dominated by an adversary so IAF may carry out its secondary tasks like insertion of the Garuda Commandos to attack air bases of the adversary. The Su 30 MKI are slated to be modified with new AESA radars which will increase its enemy tracking and engaging capabilities manifold. Some Su 30 MKI are being modified to carry the supersonic BrahMos Air to Surface Cruise Missiles. India has identified the Su 30 MKI as a platform to carry Nuclear Weapons should there be a need to fire one.Sukhoi 30 MKI of the IAFMulti Role Aircraft : When the IAF did induct the MiG 21, it was intended to be used an interceptor, to strike kills against other aircraft and strategic air borne assets of the enemies like the Bombers, Para-trooping transport aircraft and much later AWACK’s and Air to Air refuellers. However, with the Bison update the planes has now become a Multi Role Aircraft capable of performing a plethora of operations.MiG 21 Bison of the IAFLikewise, the MiG 29 was inducted to fill the role of an Air Dominance aircraft, operating much before the IAF bought the Su 30 MKI’s. With the UPG update including a bigger fuel tank, extended range, all weather operations, improved radar and sensor suite, the MiG 29 UPG is a redefined aircraft to the core.The MiG 29 of the IAF being modified to the UPG Standard in Russia. Notice the curved bump behind the cockpit which houses a fuel tank to increase the jet’s rangeMirage 2000H, arguably the best fighter jet to have flown with the IAF before the Su 30 MKI’s performs a similar role. The Mirage 2000H has been upgraded to the 2000–5 Mk 2 standard with new engines, Radar along with a better armament package. The Mirages along with the Su 30 MKI and the yet to be inducted Dassault Rafale comprise the core of the Airborne Nuclear Strike Platforms of India.Mirage 2000–5 Mk 2 of the IAF. Please note this snap is of the upgraded Mirage 2000 Trainer AircraftThe Tejas is expected to fill in the void left by the retirement of the MiG 21 Bison and its variants in the years to come. The aircraft is leagues ahead of the aircraft it is slated to replace, with the more powerful Tejas Mk 1A standard aircrafts featuring an AESA Radar, Elta’s ELM-2052, Air to Air Refueling pod, Self Protection Jammers (SPJ) and the like.Tejas Mk I inducted to the IAF this yearDeep Penetration Strike Aircraft : A truly majestic jet which has been the serving the IAF for long. The Jaguar are tasked to enter the enemy airspace undetected and attack vital enemy installations like Forward landing Air bases, RADAR installations, refueling stations and the like. The HAL is upgrading the planes to the DARIN III Standard, which includes Helmet Mounted Displays, Glass Cockpit, GPS Navigators, new mission computers, avionics like Auto Pilot, Air to Air Refueling and a new plant. The negotiations are on with Honeywell to supply the new engines which are lighter, more fuel efficient and produce more thrust.Jaguar Darin II of the IAFGround Attack Aircraft: The MiG 27 is a swing wing aircraft tasked to supplement the ground infantry units with aerial support. The R 29 powerplant issues have never let the IAF use these planes to its full potential with many planes and pilots lost in crashes. These planes are slated to be put out of service at the earliest.MiG 27 of the IAFIn the past, the IAF used to fly the dedicated Reconnaissance aircraft like the MiG 25 Foxbat and bomber aircraft like the English Electric Canberra. These planes have had a stellar contribution in the wars India has fought since it’s independence.EDIT 1 : As suggested by Rejish Menon I am going to expand the scope of my answer to beyond the fighter jet fleet of the IAF.The Transport Aircraft Fleet of the IAF:Heavy Air Lift Cargo Aircraft : Ilyushin IL 76 forms the backbone of the IAF Heavy Transport Fleet having provided yeoman service for more than 30 years. There has been news that India is going to upgrade the 17 IL 76 it has to the IL 476 standard that will see the life of the aircraft extended by 15 years having new avionics, more powerful yet fuel efficient engines and obviously a better payload carrying capacity. The Boeing C 17 Globemaster III is rather a recent acquisition of the IAF having more payload carrying capacity than the older IL 76. Another feature of the C 17 is that it can land on unprepared runways and requires a shorter landing and takeoff distance due to features like Thrust Reversal and better engines. India wanted to buy more of the C 17’s, but the production line was stopped in 2015, hence India would have to settle for second hand C 17’s from friendly countries if it wants to increase its fleet from the present 10 aircraft.IL 76 of the IAFC 17 Globemaster III in service with the IAFStrategic Airlift Aircraft : The Lockheed Martin C 130 J Super Hercules is a monster of an aircraft. It is very versatile and is built to sustain adversity. It also has features like Thrust reversal enabling it land on the unprepared runways of India’s ALG’s in the North East. The IAF has used the C130 J’s in situations where it would have been very difficult to operate the older An-32 aircraft namely in the Uttarakhand Flood crisis and the Nepal Earthquake.C 130 J Super Hercules of the IAFMid Air Refuellers : IL 78 MKI is the Air to Air refuelling platform of the IAF, extending the range of its fighters jet so that they may be able to strike deep in the enemy territory if the need be. The IAF has 7 of these aircraft in its inventory.IL 78 MKI of the IAF refueling two Su 30 MKI’s of the IAFMedium Cargo Aircraft : Antonov An-32 has been the linchpin of the IAF for quite some time now providing medium cargo lift capabilities. The aircraft is also used to para-trooping and bombing missions. The IAF has over 100 of these planes in number and all of them are being upgraded to achieve a longer life with new engines, navigation system and avionics.Upgraded An-32 of the IAFLight Transport Aircraft : I think the name is self explanatory, Dornier Do 228 is used as a light transport aircraft to ferry personnel around. Its is also used to search and rescue operations in the IAF and the IN.Do 228 in service with the IAFThe Rotary wing of the IAF consists of :Heavy Airlift Helicopter : Mil Mi-26 is the largest helicopter build to date. The IAF has bought 4 of them, while 1 has crashed. The remaining 3 helo’s are at the end of their service life and are in need of an immediate upgrade. These helicopters are capable of carrying a payload equal to that of a c 130 J Super Hercules. There has been little clarity as to what the IAF plans to do with these Helo’s. Slated to be replaced with the CH 47F Chinook’s when they enter service. The Chinook’s though not capable of lifting very heavy payloads like the Mi-26, will give the IAF a boost in the Strategic Airlifting operations owing to its high degree of maneuverability and lower Radar Signature.The largest helicopter ever built: Mil Mi-26 operating in the mountainous regions of IndiaMedium Airlift Helicopter : Mil Mi-17 v5 is the mainstay of the IAF’s Helicopter fleet and is used for a plethora of missions replacing the older Mil Mi-8 helicopters in service with the IAF. The helicopter is extensively used in Search And Rescue (SAR) and counter insurgency operations as well.The latest Mi-17 v5 of the IAFLight Helicopters : The HAL Dhruv, Cheetah and Chetak form an important wing of the IAF. HAL Dhruv, the indigenous helicopter supplements the larger Mi 17’s in its task. The SARANG Helicopter display team also consists of the Dhruv’s. The other two are used for training, rescue and light transport roles including in the high altitude regions. Eventually to be replaced by the Kamov ka-226 and the HAL LUH.HAL Dhruv’s operating in the Nepal earthquake relief operations. Please appreciate the skills of our brave airmen who have landed the Helicopter in such an adverse terrain for an Evacuation operationDhruv’s of the SARANG helicopter Display TeamHAL Chetak of the IAFThe soon to be inducted HAL Light Utility Helicopter (LUH) during its first flight in 2016Attack Helicopter : The Mil Mi-35 was the first Attack helicopter to be inducted into the IAF capable of acting as both as a transport and a gunship helo capabling of inserting the Garuda commandos and providing them over head cover. The disadvantage is that it is not built to operate in the High Altitude regions and hence was not used in the Kargil war where the IAF had to do with the armored and weaponised version of the Mi 17. The Mi 17’s were sitting ducks to the Pakistani Manpads. The Mil Mi-35 are to be replaced by the AH-64 E Apache Attack Helicopters. Further, India has transferred four Mi-35 to its allies, The Afghan Air Force in 2016 to assist the Afghan Security Forces.Hence, a requirement was drawn to build attack helo which would operate in the high altitude regions of India. Thus, the HAL Light Combat helicopter (LCH) was born. It is to be inducted into the IAF in a couple of year’s time. The HAL Rudra is the weaponised version of the HAL Dhruv.The LCH and the Rudra are used for anti-tank operations, close air support to ground forces as a battlefield scout and possibly for anti-surface vessel warfare in the future.The Mil Mi-35. Notice the Low Capacity transport compartment behind the cockpitHAL Light Combat Helicopter (LCH) during it’s High Altitude trialsThe third prototype of the HAL LCHHAL Rudra with it’s weapon complementEDIT 2: The “Eyes in the skies” of the IAF. The Airborne Early Warning and Control aircraft of the IAF consist of :Phalcon AEW&C : One of the most advanced AEW&C in the world now, it consists of an the EL/W-2090 AESA (Active Electronic Scanned Array) Radar mounted on a Russian A-50 platform which is based on the IL 76 design. With a coverage on 360 degrees and a range of 500 Km these radars can track upto 100 targets simultaneously. These operations are supported by the onboard ECM (Electronic Counter Measures) and ECCM (Electronic Counter Counter Measures) systems for electronic warfare. The IAF currently three of these aircraft with two more placed on order.A Phalcon AEW&C flying in formation with three MiG 29’s of the IAFDRDO Netra : It is India’s first indigenous Air borne radar to join the IAF ( Not to be confused with the quadrotor developed by DRDO). Not as potent as its elder brother, the Phalcon these aircraft are aimed to supplement the bigger aircraft as well as giving the Indian scientists an opportunity at making an indigenous AESA Radar. The aircraft has a 240 degree coverage area with a range of 300 Km. Even with the reduced operational parameters formidable gains in detection ranges are can be achieved across the Himalayan Ranges on the northern borders where Radar Units can’t be located due to the inhospitable terrain.The indigenous DRDO NetraEDIT 3: Introducing the Trainer Aircraft Fleet of the IAF,The Trainer Aircraft Fleet of the IAF consists of:Basic Trainer Aircraft : The IAF currently uses the Pilatus PC-7 Mk II as its Basic Trainer Aircraft (BTA). The PC-7 replaced the indegenous HAL HPT-32 Deepak aircraft in service with the IAF after there were widespread concern about the flight safety of the Deepak’s. The IAF plans to augment its BTA fleet with the addition of the indegenous HAL HTT-40 BTA which had its inaugral flight last month.Pilatus PC-7 Mk II of the IAFThe first flight of the HAL HTT-40 BTAIntermediate Jet Trainer : The IAF uses the indegenous Kiran Mk II aircraft as the Intermediate Jet Trainer (IJT). In the early 1980’s, the IAF used to deploy the Polish Iskra and the HAL kiran Mk I airacraft for the Intermediate and Advanced Jet Training sorties. However, the Iskra’s were susceptible to stall while going on for more than one Spin. Hence, the IAF used the Kiran aircraft for the spin sorties while the Iskra was reserved for the applied combat sorties. The Iskra’s had been decommisioned long ago with the BAE Hawk Mk 132 filling its shoes. The Kiran Mk II version continues to fly strong. The HAL HJT-36 Sitara project was supposed to replace the Kiran aicraft but there are still too many issues to be solved in the Sitara, with the IAF loosing interest in the peoject as time passes by.A Kiran aircraft, formerly a part of the IAF’s Surya Kiran Aerobatic Team (SKAT)The aerobatic team of the IAF and IN, the Surya Kiran and the Sagar Pawan were associated with the Kiran aircraft. The Sagar Pawan team still flies on the Kiran while the Surya Kiran Aerobatic Team (SKAT) are flying the Hawk AJT nowadays. This was done as the IAF had to disbandon the team as there was shortage of the Kiran for Intermediate Jet Training purposes. The Sitara was supposed to replace the Kiran in the SKAT as well but given its spin and stall issues, it was decided to keep the team's legacy alive by using the Hawk Mk 132 AJT.The SKAT in a nine aircraft formation with the Kiran aircraftHAL HJT-36 Sitara IJT, an aircraft beset by design deficienciesAdvanced jet Trainer : The BAE Hawk Mk 132 is used to impart advanced combat and applied weapons training to the cadets. The Advanced Jet Trainer (AJT) stage was added in order to bridge the lacunae between handling the Supersonic aircraft in service with the IAF and the subsonic aircraft on which the cadets are being trained. This training aimed to reduce the cases of Pilot Error as the Hawk aircraft is capable of manoeuvring in Transonic and Supersonic speeds (only in cases where the aircraft is going in a dive, else the aircraft can go Transonic in level flight). HAL has also signed an MoU with BAE Systems to develop a weaponised version of the Hawk, to serve as a Close Combat Support aircraft having limited Air to Air capabilities as well.The BAE Hawk Mk 132 AJT in service with the IAFThe IAF has resurrected the SKAT in 2015 with six of these aircraft in its inventory, replacing the Kiran Mk II Trainer Aircraft formerly in service with the team.A BAE Hawk Mk 132 aircaft with the IAF’s Surya Kiran Aerobatic Team's new liveryIn addition to the three stage aircraft training imparted by the IAF, it also conducts aircraft specific training for its pilots. The IAF has Units like the MiG Operational Flying Training Unit or MOFTU, which imparts training to the young pilots on the MiG 21 aircaft which has a reputation of very high speed landings and take-off. This is done to aclimatize the pilots to the unforgiving supersonic MiG’s of the IAF.I would fail in my duty if I don't mention our courageous Pilots and tireless Technicians who keep our rotors churning, jets running all year long. These machines are nothing without the men behind them.JAI HIND !
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