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FAQs
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What kind of e-mails irritate professors the most?
Many. Those rejection letters (we get plenty of those) and collaborators not honoring their commitments to common projects are particularly bad. However, I get the feeling you’re referring to student-initiated emails. I agree with Joshua Gross’ list. Other than that, here are a few types of those I find irritating.Disrespectful, juvenile, text-message-like, titleless emails. Your email must have some basic structure, including hello, your name and course, and a question/comment. At the end, say goodbye. Also, mind the style a little. I’m really not your mate. If you don’t include a title I won’t respond.Emails that ask about something that is clearly stated on the syllabus. If you do this, (i) I’ll simply email “that information is in the syllabus” and (ii) you will look careless and unengaged. Don’t be that person.Emails that are excruciatingly long. Please, don’t do this to me. I’m sure whatever you’r trying to say could be synthesized in four sentences.Emails sent from private accounts (gmail, yahoo, hotmail…). Because of legal reasons, communications with students are best kept on the university’s server. You have an institutional email. Please, use it. This applies to my own students and students from my university, particularly when submitting assignments and discussing grades and other sensitive educational issues. If you're emailing me because you want to apply to our graduate program, and you do this from a gmail account that's completely fine.Emails asking about the homework. I’m not your secretary nor your father. Don’t ask about the homework because I will not respond to your email and bring this issue to everybody’s attention next time we meet in class.Emails that are too personal and explain issues that should be presented face to face, during office hours. Life happens. I know. Leave the deep stuff for face to face conversations if possible, and only bring them up if you think I really must know. I’m happy to listen, but I’m a linguist, not a psychologist. I can tell you who to contact if you need help.Emails that come after the final grades have been posted (asking for extra credit opportunities). Once the grades have been rolled up, they’re official. No, you can’t read a book and submit a synthesis for one extra credit now. It’s December 18th!Emails from parents on behalf of their children (who are my students). One word: FERPA. In other words, “Sorry, I can’t discuss any of this with you, helicopter mother of a 22 year old”.Emails asking about something I have announced on Blackboard/CANVAS. This is quite self-explanatory. Like the message I sent on Blackboard/CANVAS.Now, having said that, I understand you are a student. You’re learning. Part of that learning includes email interactions. I won’t be offended by your email, even though it might frustrate me a bit. I’m actually glad to point you in the right direction.
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What are the biggest lessons you have learned in the corporate world?
Arriving early and doing nothing is viewed more favorably than staying late and working assiduously. It’s unfair, but it’s only the first boot of real life to kick you in the ass.HR and the ethics hotline don’t exist as a resource to you; they exist to cover management’s ass. I’ve worked for bosses who have used racial slurs, homophobic epithets, threatened and intimidated staff, used drugs in the office, and misappropriated their expense credits, but they were never so much as suspended. I almost lost my job for marking a sale as closed when I got verbal confirmation from my client (with my manager on the phone), only to get the actual signed documents a few days later.Always, always, ALWAYS document and organize files of communication between you and your superiors and you and problem clients. Did I say always? Discrepancies (read lies) in accounts of your interactions from either of these parties is a fast track to being escorted out of the building. Nothing shuts up a lying SOB like a time-stamped email with the intro, “Per my email on July 15, I mentioned….”Always keep a pulse on the job market. At least twice a year apply for jobs in your industry to get a sense on what your skills trade for in the open market and to sharpen your interviewing skills. It’s also a great habit to be in the orbit of recruiters because they operate within a tight-knit ecosystem, network with, and know one another. If you’re not a great fit for one role, and they like you, they’ll refer you to a friend or colleague looking to fill another role as a courtesy.Even if you’re not interested in a role that they may signNow you for, always try to recommend or refer qualified candidates to recruiters. This pays dividends down the road.Be wise as a serpent, yet as humble as a dove. Many people advise against making friends, but I would advise that you make them believe that you’re a friend. Being too cold and stoic in the office will make your colleagues withhold gossip, news, and politics from you that may be actionable. You can be friendly without being friends. Whatever your line is, find it and stick to it.Never get comfortable. I had a former colleague who never placed photos of his family or accomplishments in his cube and I asked him why. He said he is always prepared to walk out of the building with the items on his person at a moment’s notice. Speaking from experience, there’s nothing more humiliating or anxiety-inducing than taking the security assisted walk of shame with all of your belongings in a box and colleagues peeking above their cubes like prairie dogs to watch you walk the green mile. Work is a place where you should be as productive as possible; your family, spouse, hobbies, religion, proclivities, and creature comforts shouldn’t occupy the work space.Your manager is NOT to be trusted with personal information. Whether your mom has cancer, wife left you, your kids are suspended from school, or you’re late on the rent, these aren’t the people to share your most vulnerable moments with for two reasons; 1. They don’t have the power to do anything about them, and 2. They are more likely to report this things up the chain of command to use against you should it ever become convenient as a manipulation tactic. I know this oversimplifies things for the truly empathic, and supportive managers out there, but for the sake of generalities, let’s leave those 8 people out of this and err on the side of caution.Use your lunch hour as an opportunity to network with people within different departments to grow your customer base. Every employee has internal and external customers, and it will behoove you to learn how to cater to them. If you’re in sales, take someone in Dev Ops, Professional Services, R&D, or Customer Experience to lunch. You’ll learn all the horrible things sales people do that make their job a living hell, so you won’t perpetuate that. You’ll also forge some great individual relationships for emergencies when you need to phone a friend.Stay away from the office complainer. Every office has at least one, and he/she is a cancer on your outlook and productivity. Regardless of how valid their complaints are about the quality of the snacks, the scheduled All Hands meetings, the increased co-pays on the new insurance for annual enrollment, the way management is trying to screw us with the new Comp Plan, etc., the best thing to do is to keep your exposure to this individual AT. A. MINIMUM.Become a Subject Matter Expert in at least one or more topics within your department. This makes you indispensable among your peers and management, because they don’t want to(or can’t do) do the job of training the whole staff or answering all their questions.Volunteer to headline new products or services, and you’ll become more visible with leadership and ahead of the curve when those products/services become mandatory.Make your career decisions for the people who will attend your funeral one day; not the people in that office. Days, or even hours after your death, someone will be posting a requisition for your position, and your duties will fall on the shoulders of another. Make sure you spend your strategic decisions improving the quality of time with the people who will be crying at your funeral. This puts a whole lot of unnecessary office bullshit into perspective.If you’re in the US, talk to your colleagues about your salary. Corporations benefit from dwindling unions and individual, rather than collective bargaining by negotiating salary and compensation on an individual basis. Men, this is our opportunity to gain solidarity with women who work equally to ensure that they’re paid equally. White folks, this is an opportunity to ensure Black folks, Hispanics, and Natives are paid equally. This isn’t a zero-sum equation; corporations make enough money to pay us all equally. They have the luxury of not doing so. Hold their feet to the fire, or have them risk losing the war of retention.Be kind. Especially to the people who least deserve it. 9 times out of 10, they’re fighting prodigious personal battles, and the only place they can funnel their energy is at work. Be gentle, but don’t be a doormat either.Bring your authentic self to work. I’ve seen introverts, extroverts, flashy dressers, frumpy dressers, those gifted with supreme elocution, and those with the longest, strongest Southern drawl succeed in business, which proves one thing. Success doesn’t care how you show up; just that you show up. I wish you the best of luck on your journey!
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Does anyone still use Gwoyeu Romatzyh to romanise Chinese?
[無調漢語拼音的缺憾 Toneless Hanyu Pinyin can cause serious problems][GR Tonal Spelling makes names maximally distinctive; Hanyu Pinyin leads to a confusing blend of totally unrelated names that sound quite different to Chinese ears, but look exactly the same to foreign eyes]Three names that look totally different in GR Tonal Spelling: confusingly blended in Hanyu Pinyin:Imaginary, but plausible names: 陸六贏醫師, 魯劉穎大師 and 盧柳鶯大師1. 陸六贏醫師 Dr. Luh Liowyng (Lù Liùyíng Yīshī), the dentist, bears the auspicious name 六贏 “six successes”2. 魯劉穎大師 Master Luu Liouyiing (Lǔ Liúyǐng Dàshī), the photographer, bears the name 劉穎, which is a pun on the word 留影 “take a photo [as a souvenir]” (this phrase is often used for photo captions)3. 盧柳鶯大師 Master Lu Leouing (Lú Liǔyīng), the musician, bears the name 柳鶯 “[literally] willow warbler”, one of many species of songbirds, some of which can be found in Taiwan.TL;DR 性命攸關 Not using GR Tonal Spelling can have serious, or even life-changing consequencesAnswer: Yes, people in Taiwan still use GR Tonal Spelling (a.k.a. Gwoyeu Romatzyh), but it is hiding in plain sight where most foreigners don’t bother looking (not just tour buses ;-). GR Tonal Spelling is used for naming people, clothing, household goods (rubber bands, insecticide), Chinese medicine, noodles, beverages, snacks, doctors’ offices, beauty parlors, restaurants, companies, schools etc.I took all of the photos below within the last month. I live in Taipei, but I managed to locate several samples of GR Tonal Spelling even in Kaohsiung, a DPP stronghold where Southern Min is more popular than Mandarin][Jyma Liuhdow 芝麻綠豆, GR Tonal Spelling (Gwoyeu Romatzyh)—a children’s clothing brand I found in a traditional market] [zhīma lǜdòu][Song Jer CPA 松哲會計師事務所, GR Tonal Spelling (Gwoyeu Romatzyh)—an accounting firm on Nanjing West Road in Taipei. The sign is bigger than the side of a bus, but is only visible when people look up from their cell phones ;-)] [Sōng Zhé][Piin U Bakery 品屋麵包蛋糕, GR Tonal Spelling (Gwoyeu Romatzyh), a bakery/coffee shop in Kaohsiung] [Pǐn Wū][Shiow Chwan Hospital 秀傳醫院, GR Tonal Spelling (Gwoyeu), a private hospital with branches all over Taiwan; name is slightly misspelled (omitted -i-)] [Xiù Chuán][Yuh Tay Farm 裕泰農場, GR Tonal Spelling (Gwoyeu)][jingpiin pyishye 精品皮鞋, GR Tonal Spelling (Gwoyeu), shoe shop in Kaohsiung]GR Tonal Spelling still appears side by side with Bopomofo in many monolingual Chinese dictionaries (字典、詞典) published in Taiwan. Foreign students tend to only consult bilingual dictionaries published outside of Taiwan, so they mostly don’t notice GR’s continued existence.[In Taiwan, dictionaries for native speakers include Bopomofo only, or a mixture of Bopomofo and GR Tonal Spelling/Hanyu Pinyin. Unfortunately, Pinyin is gaining ground; I saw these books in the 國語日報社 Mandarin Daily News bookstore]When it comes to romanization, what most foreigners do notice is the major exception to the use of GR Tonal Spelling: place names, which are a chaotic battlefield for three competing systems: the decrepit 150-year-old Wade-Giles system (and its cousin: Postal Romanization), 1958 Hanyu Pinyin and a modified Pinyin system (slightly different spellings) used mostly in southern Taiwan.Edit: GR Tonal Spelling still survives in certain localities:[Shinnyih Street 信義街 GR Tonal Spelling, 29 June 2019 (Gwoyeu Romatzyh, street sign)] [Xìnyì Jiē, Hanyu Pinyin]Rarely Asked Questions (RAQs)Many people take it for granted that one single commonly-used romanization system is all we need: whatever is used by the majority of Chinese people. The Hanyu Pinyin for everybody approach neglects to consider two important facts:(1) For many western learners, the use of optional diacritics implies that tones are also optional (“Tones are too subtle. I don’t need to be a perfectionist: muddling through is good enough. If I can find the time, I’ll master tones later!”)(2) For Chinese people who spend time abroad, an ill-considered choice of spellings can facilitate identity theft or lead to confusion. The consequences can include canceled credit, job loss, mistaken arrests, medical errors and expensive lawyer’s fees.Rarely-Asked Questions:RAQ 1: Who needs to use romanization?RAQ 2: What is the purpose of romanization?RAQ 3: Why should everyone use the same romanization?RAQ 4: Which problems does Pinyin (un)intentionally ignore?RAQ 5: How is 1928 GR Tonal Spelling better than 1958 Hanyu Pinyin?RAQ 1: Who Needs To Use Romanization?A: Children learning to read and write their native language for the first timeB: Chinese adults who want to# look up the correct pronunciation of less common or problematic words or characters# produce or consult lists or indexes# input characters on a computer or smartphoneC: Foreign students of Chinese, who need a tool for learning and annotating characters, and inputting them on a computer or smartphoneD: Foreign visitors who need an easy way to get around in China (identify people’s names, place names, names of products, items on a menu etc.)E: People outside of China who need easily-identifiable spellings for Chinese people and thingsRAQ 2: What is the purpose of romanization?Groups A & B: Romanization is supposed to correctly and unambiguously annotate the sounds of Chinese. Everything that sounds different to Chinese ears (initials 聲母, medials 介音, finals 韻母, and tones 聲調) should be explicitly marked when romanized. However, because of redundancies that are an integral part of Chinese phonology (音系規則, the Chinese sound system), people (especially computer users) can take shortcuts: tones are often left out, and IMEs (input method editors) can even ignore medials and finals (i.e. a computer user can type HYPY instead of hànyǔ pīnyīn: both yield the same result 漢語拼音).Group C: Foreign students are not aware of how Chinese sounds form patterns. Unlike native speakers, who learn phonology with their mother’s milk (so to speak), foreign beginners have definite trouble dealing with Hanyu Pinyin’s shorthand spellings.Hanyu Pinyin was designed for the convenience of native speakers of Chinese, so it is a less than ideal system for foreign learners, especially in the early stages.Group D: Tourists and short term visitors assume that Chinese is very difficult, so if they can go about their business without too much trouble, they are generally satisfied with Pinyin.Group E: This group has some limited, but very specific requirements that are not at all obvious to Chinese people who spend all their lives in a Chinese-only environment. Chinese people living in other countries need to be easily and unambiguously identified without referring to the Chinese characters of their names. This is where Hanyu Pinyin can cause EXTREMELY SERIOUS PROBLEMS.RAQ 3: Why should everyone use the same romanization?The five groups of users mentioned above have different needs that cannot all be properly served by Hanyu Pinyin. In the 1950s, when Hanyu Pinyin was designed, the world was a different place. The committee that set up and promulgated this romanization only needed to consider the needs of Chinese people within China. 60+ years later, the millions of Chinese who now live, travel or study abroad are affected by the shortcomings of Hanyu Pinyin’s shorthand spellings. Foreigners can also benefit from more than one approach.RAQ 4: Which problems does Pinyin (un)intentionally ignore?In 1956, Pinyin’s designers, who were influenced by Soviet linguists such as А. А. Драгунов 龍果夫, strove to create a simple China-only spelling system with single-letter spellings for each consonant. Thus, hard-to-type letters were used for common sounds: {ç = ch}, {ʐ = zh}, {ч = j}, {ŋ = ng}. Cyrillic, IPA and Latin letters were mixed together with no thought given to ease of use on standard ASCII typewriter keyboards (Why did the Chinese language begin using Latin letters for Pinyin?)The 1958 final revision of Hanyu Pinyin finally settled on an all-Latin alphabet solution “with Chinese characteristics”, including some unique letter values that are not commonly used by European languages, such as q, x, z, c, u and i.Thus, people whose family name is either 徐 Xú or 許 Xǔ (both very common Chinese surnames: Shyu & Sheu in GR Tonal Spelling) are both spelled Xu, which many speakers of English will assume is pronounced the same as “Zoo”. Gross mispronunciations aside, Hanyu Pinyin can lead to much more serious problems.Because Pinyin tone marks are optional, the foreigner-readable versions of birth certificates, diplomas, degrees, household registration papers, hospital records, leases, licenses, passports and other documents do not show tones.Readers may ask: So what? Foreigners can’t pronounce tones anyway! What difference does it make?Here’s why. Including tones, Mandarin Chinese has about 1200 different syllables. For the sake of argument, let us assume that each and every syllable in Mandarin could be used as part of a name (obviously not true). Because most Chinese names consist of three syllables, GR Tonal Spelling could be used to write a maximum of 1200*1200*1200 = 1,728,000,000 phonetically distinctive names (although this would never be attempted, such a scheme would theoretically be enough for every person in China to have a unique name).How many possible syllables are there in Chinese Mandarin?/answer/Robert-Matthews-%E9%A6%AC%E5%AD%B8%E9%80%B2However, because Hanyu Pinyin omits tones, there is only a maximum of 400*400*400 = 64,000,000 distinctive names. Chinese names spelled in GR Tonal Spelling are much more distinctive than toneless Hanyu Pinyin names. 1,728,000,000 [GR] / 64,000,000 [PY] = 27 times more distinctive!Another way to put this: omitting the tones in romanized three-character Chinese names leads to potential information loss of as much as 96%.RAQ 5: How is 1928 GR Tonal Spelling better than 1958 Hanyu Pinyin?[Animated GIF: How abandoning GR Tonal Spelling led to scrambled Chinese surnames][Animated GIF: Different-Sounding Chinese Surnames That Are Unfortunately Blended In Pinyin]GR Tonal Spelling (a.k.a. Gwoyeu Romatzyh, National Phonetic Alphabet Version 2) was created by a small subgroup (數人會) of the committee responsible for creating National Phonetic Alphabet Version 1 (also known by the name Bopomofo or the anachronistic spelling Zhuyin Fuhao).The most important scholar behind the creation and popularization of GR Tonal Spelling is China’s greatest modern linguist, 趙元任 Chao Yuenren, a genius educated in the US who used his knowledge of mathematics, physics, music theory, phonetics and Chinese phonology to create a system based on “native speaker intuition” that also takes English orthographic habits into account (blending the two was not at all an easy task).GR Tonal Spelling is a “green” romanization that follows the Principle of Economy 經濟原則 and its three basic rules: keep, change, add 留改加. The 1st tone is usually the basic, unmodified form (“Keep”). The other three tones are spelled by making minimal changes to the basic form (“Change”), usually a different spelling for a glide vowel. If this is not possible, a letter is added (“Add”).Thus, tiau is a first tone form (spelled tiao in Hanyu Pinyin). The other three tones are spelled tyau, teau and tiaw. Notice how in each case the shape of the glide letter imitates the tone contour: The red bolded strokes of “y”, “e” and “w” are GIANT, indelible tone marks typable on any ASCII keyboard. They also provide valuable mnemonics for foreign learners struggling to remember the correct tones of words such as mae 買 and may 賣: “buy” and “sell”.Robert Matthews (馬學進)'s answer to As an English speaker, what's the best way to learn Chinese?[Animated GIF: 2nd tone tiau → tyau in GR Tonal Spelling; the tone mark is blended with the spelling of the medial vowel][Animated GIF: 3rd tone tiau → teau in GR Tonal Spelling; the tone mark is blended with the spelling][Animated GIF: 4th tone tiau → tiaw in GR Tonal Spelling; 4th tones are always marked at the end of a syllable: the tone mark is blended with the spelling]For almost 1900 years (since the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty), the 反切 fǎnqiè / faanchieh system has been used to indicate the pronunciation of Chinese characters.Each Chinese syllable is split into two parts: 聲母 shēngmǔ/shengmuu “the initial” (the single consonant, if any, at the beginning of a syllable) and 韻母yùnmǔ/yunnmuu “the final” (the rest of the syllable, including the tone). Bopomofo modifies this tradition by using 2-4 symbols to represent each syllable.First tone 張 (a common surname) is marked in Bopomofo with only 2 symbols, ㄓ+ㄤ (first tone is not explicitly marked).GR Tonal Spelling, Bopomofo’s younger brother, is similarly economical. Only four letters are needed for 張: j+ang (just like in the faanchieh system, ang includes the first tone).Fourth tone 賬 (account) is marked in Bopomofo with three symbols, ㄓ+ㄤ+ˋ, and GR Tonal Spelling still only requires four letters: j+anq (again, just like in the faanchieh system, anq includes the fourth tone).Hanyu Pinyin follows the all or nothing European approach of either ignoring all tones or marking all of them with tiny optional diacritics not found on ASCII keyboards. Pinyin thus uses 6 symbols for 1st tone 張 z+h+a+ˉ+n+g (a+ˉ are combined) and six symbols for 4th tone 賬 z+h+a+ˋ+n+g (a+ˋ are combined)Hanyu Pinyin is a system better suited to native speakers who are intimately familiar with the Mandarin phonological system.Thus, in Hanyu Pinyin the letters “i” and “u” have multiple pronunciations:(1) When “i” is preceded by z, c, or s, it is automatically pronounced as an unusual (for European ears) apical vowel /ɿ/, a mosquito-like buzzing sound.(2) When “i” is preceded by zh, ch or sh, it is pronounced as a similar-sounding /ʅ/.(3) When “i” is preceded by any other consonant and not followed by any other vowel letter, it is pronounced as a very different-sounding “normal” vowel /i/.(4) When “i” is preceded by any other consonant and followed by any other vowel letter, it is pronounced as a semi-vowel /j/.(5) When “i” is preceded by “u”, it is pronounced as /ej/ (not /ui/), as in 對 dui “correct”Hanyu Pinyin’s “u” follows similar rules.(1) When “u” is preceded by z, c, or s, it is pronounced as /u/.(2) When “u” is preceded by zh, ch or sh and not followed by any other vowel letter, it is pronounced as /u/.(3) When “u” is preceded by zh, ch or sh and followed by any other vowel letter, it is pronounced as a semi-vowel /w/.(4) When “u” is preceded by j, q, x, but not followed by any other vowel letter, “u” is pronounced as a front rounded vowel /y/.(5) When “u” is preceded by j, q, x, but followed by any other vowel letter, it is pronounced as a semi-vowel /w/.(6) When “u” is preceded by “i”, it is pronounced as /jow/, as in 休 xiu “to rest”, pronounced /ɕjow/, not /ziu/.Despite this hidden complexity, many foreigners who cut their teeth on Hanyu Pinyin swear by it and insist that it is much easier and more “reasonable” than GR Tonal Spelling (Gwoyeu Romatzyh)’s traditional 反切 based approach, with its three basic rules.Hanyu Pinyin economizes on symbols by assuming that its users are native speakers who can figure out what sounds right (“i” and “u” rules) automatically. Foreign beginners and casual readers (people who only occasionally need to pronounce Chinese words) have a very difficult time.GR combines Bopomofo’s traditional Chinese 反切 analysis with an ingenious spelling system that is mnemonically-based (letters with shapes that resemble tone contours are used to spell tones) and much more foreigner-friendly than Hanyu Pinyin (even foreigners who have never learned any Chinese at all can usually make a passable guess).Basically, whatever looks different in Gwoyeu Romatzyh sounds different to Chinese ears, and whatever sounds different looks different, including the four tones of Mandarin Chinese.GR Tonal Spelling (Gwoyeu Romatzyh) is widely used for spelling the names of well-educated people in Taiwan (doctors, lawyers, professors etc.).In Hanyu Pinyin, the following four names (Shy, Shyr, Shyy and Shyh) are blended together. Millions of people are forced to share one artificial giant surname (Shī + Shí + Shǐ + Shì —> Shi) created for administrative convenience when producing foreigner-readable documents. Typing tone diacritics is a hassle: let Mr. Chabuduo handle everything.[1st tone surname 施 SHy in GR Tonal Spelling] [Shī][2nd tone surname 石 SHyr in GR Tonal Spelling] [Shí][3rd tone surname 史 SHyy in GR Tonal Spelling] [Shǐ][4th tone surname 釋 SHyh in GR Tonal Spelling] [釋 is a surname adopted by Buddhists who give up their worldly property, including their original surnames] [Shì]A real-life example of potential confusion:(1) The PRC Ambassador to the German Federal Republic is 史明德 (spelled Shǐ Míngdé in “official” Pinyin).(2) Taiwan’s most famous political activist is 施明德 (spelled Shī Míngdé in “official” Pinyin).Imagine the confusion and embarrassment that would result if the PRC ambassador (Shi Mingde in “Street” Pinyin) was erroneously refused entry to a country that had banned the Taiwan activist (they seem to have exactly the same name)!Such problems could be easily eliminated if Chinese names were written using GR Tonal Spelling. 史明德, the ambassador, would be spelled Shyy Mingder and 施明德, the political activist, would be spelled Shy Mingder. The 1928 official spelling prevented such unfortunate misunderstandings.In Taiwan, even people with less common names use GR Tonal Spelling:[Surnames Jin 金 and Jinn 靳 (GR Tonal Spelling, Gwoyeu Romatzyh)]Surnames Bau 包 and Baw 鮑1. Professor Bau Da-Tian 包大靝http://webap.cmu.edu.tw/TchEport...Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University2. Dr. Bau Tzong-ho 包宗和Professor of Department of Political Science, National Taiwan University監察院 - 人權主題網 ─ Members1. Aser Baw 鮑美瑟Animal Behavior Resource AssociationABRA國際認證訓練師資歷:2014 第二屆亞洲訓練師行為治療師培訓取得ABRA國際認證 LE 資格2. Wayne Baw 鮑維芳Wayne Baw 鮑維芳 (@waynebaw)https://www.linkedin.com/in/wayn...3. Spencer Baw鮑穎https://www.youtube.com/channel/...Identity Theft And Other Serious Problems Caused By Spelling ConfusionOutside of China, Hanyu Pinyin’s toneless version can lead to or facilitate:1) Mistaken Identity Arrests2) Identity Theft3) Credit Card Fraud4) Medical ErrorAll of these problems can cause financial pain or have life-changing consequences, such as job loss, imprisonment or even worse.1) Mistaken Identity ArrestsA policeman conducting a routine traffic stop may wind up arresting the driver. Why?For one thing, suspect descriptions on warrants can apply to many people: “A black-haired, thin Chinese man in his 20s”. Having a non-distinctive (no tones indicated), Pinyin-only name that is identical to the one on a warrant certainly wouldn’t help.[this subsection was upgraded from my reply to a comment by Ni Ming]:Taiwanese police have an excellent reputation for tracking down criminals and cracking difficult cases. I'm sure the mainland police are equally intelligent and professionally dedicated. Unfortunately, such praise is hard to apply to their American militarized counterparts, who have a reputation for shooting first and asking questions later.Even small town police departments use SWAT teams and armored personnel carriers to handle routine, non-violent cases (such as seizing a child with a fever late at night to take it to see a doctor). They use battering rams to smash down doors, shoot family dogs (even a chihuahua has been viewed as a “threat”) and leave extensive trauma in their wake, especially when they barge in on completely innocent people.If you Google “cops” + “wrong house”, or “cops” + “shoot dog”, you will get a flavor. I very much doubt American cops will stand patiently while listening to an explanation of the subtle tonal difference between three different Chinese surnames who are forced to share one single toneless spelling.Real people with false homonym namesForeigners outside of China have no way of knowing that 古真福, 顧振福, 辜振甫, 辜振富 are four different people. If they have PRC-issued ID documents, all four seem to have exactly the same name: Gu Zhenfu.Hanyu Pinyin: Gu Zhenfu ← Gǔ Zhēnfú, Gù Zhènfú, Gū Zhènfǔ, Gū ZhènfùThese are all real people:"古真福" - Google Search"顧振福" - Google Search"辜振甫" - Google Search辜振富 (Facebook)GR Tonal Spelling (different people, different names): Guu Jenfwu, Guh Jennfwu, Gu Jennfuu, GU JennfuhIf any one of these people commits a crime (such as ignoring a pile of unpaid parking tickets), the other three could mistakenly be arrested by a policeman whose warrant only says “Gu Zhenfu: wanted for being a scofflaw”.American police don’t fool around. Strictly following the law and making arrests improves their chances of promotion. What’s not to like?法律就是法律,美國警察不講人情.These supposed scofflaws will be thrown in jail, and they will wait for a judge to (hopefully) sort out the mess. How many innocent Chinese people have suffered because of an incomplete romanization that doesn’t work properly outside of China?1. Why Mistaken Identity Arrests Happen2. Can You Be Arrested with a Warrant for Someone Else? | WK LawBeing arrested, even if later proven to be a mistake, can have financial (expensive lawyers) and social consequences (job loss, shunning, shaming of one’s children), and there is sometimes nothing one can do.3. Man jailed based on mistaken identity can't sue, court rules***Examples of Mistaken Arrests Due to Having the Same Name1. Man With Accused Criminal's Name Battles Mistaken Identity2. Man Sues Police Over Mistaken Identity Arrest | Hartford Criminal Defense Attorney3. Woman held in case of mistaken identity to seek compensation [New Zealand]4. Innocent man arrested, jailed twice because of name5. This Woman Lost Kids and Job After Being Mistaken for Drug Trafficking Suspect with Same Name6. Mistaken identity leads to physical arrest of Victorville man at his front door7. Mistaken identity of same-name men causes wrong arrest by Edmond policehttps://www.edmondsun.com/news/m...8. When the Only Crime is a Common Name...9. Grandmother Arrested, Spends 5 Days in Jail.....Whoops, Wrong Person.2) Identity Theft3) Credit Card FraudIdentity theft is a serious problem that is often connected with credit card fraud. Because the US does not have a national ID card, other types of ID are used, some of which are easily forged.A case in point is signatures. Because they are not intimately familiar with Latin alphabet handwriting, many Chinese rely on a very simple foreign signature that is easily copied (to combat this problem in my university language classes, I often included instruction in cursive handwriting).Handwriting University Forgery Proof[Unhappy Consequences of Using Toneless Pinyin On Foreign Documents]A. Report: Medical Identity Theft – The Information Crime that Can Kill YouDefinition: “when someone uses an individual's identifying information, such as their health insurance information or social security number, without the individual's knowledge or permission, to obtain medical services or goods, or to obtain money by falsifying claims for medical services and falsifying medical records to support those claims.”Medical Identity theft can have all sorts of cserious consequences, including:1. Financial losses (you may be required to pay for someone elese’s expensive medical care),2. Harm from false entries in your medical record (such as being given the wrong type of blood)3. Insurance caps signNowed (Someone may have used up all of your coverage; any further treatment may be prohibitively expensive)Victims of medical identity theft find out the truth in many unexpected ways:1. collection notices (a collection agency insists that you have to pay a penalty for unpaid bills that have nothing to do with you)2. Notification by law enforcement, an insurance company, or a health care provider that you have a problem3. Your insurance company tells you that benefits have run out, or a “lifetime cap” has been signNowed (you have supposedly used up all of the benefits provided by your medical insurance)Report: Medical Identity Theft - The Information Crime that Can Kill YouB. Exploring Medical Identity TheftDesla Mancilla, MPA, RHIA, principal investigator and Jackie Moczygemba, MBA, RHIA, CCS, secondary investigator, associate professorPerspect Health Inf Manag. 2009; 6(Fall): 1e. || PMCID: PMC2804460 || PMID: 20169017Exploring Medical Identity TheftC. Medical Identity Theft in the Emergency Department: Awareness is CrucialMichelino Mancini, DOWest J Emerg Med. 2014 Nov; 15(7): 899–901. || doi: 10.5811/westjem.2014.8.22438 || PMCID: PMC4251251 || PMID: 25493150“According to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), medical identity theft accounted for 3% of identity theft crimes, or 249,000 of the estimated 8.3 million people who had their identities stolen in 2005. More recently, the Ponemon Institute calculated that there were 1.84 million victims of medical identity theft in 2013.”Medical Identity Theft in the Emergency Department: Awareness is CrucialImage Credits (Public Domain images)Digital Camera, Happy Tooth images by Clker-Free-Vector-Images (Clker-Free-Vector-Images | Pixabay)Bubbleman images by Peggy und Marco Lachmann-Anke from Pixabay (3dman_eu | Pixabay)Blender image: OpenClipart-Vectors from PixabayShi Mingde (the bigshot): CC BY-SA Raimond SpekkingShi Mingde (the Taiwanese activist): Public Domain image
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What are the achievements of AAP in Delhi?
Let us first decide the priorities before proceeding further. If you think that these points are the priorities of any government, then only proceed to read the whole answer.HEALTHEDUCATIONADMINISTRATIONINFRASTRUCTUREI will confine my answer to these above stated points only.HEALTHDelhi being the capital of this country should have a very robust and efficient public health system, but sadly the previous governments had not focused on improving the health system of the city. The new AAP govt. started working on the health sector in a four tier system -Aam Aadmi Mohalla Clinic - for primary health care.Multi Speciality Poly Clinic - for secondary health care in the form of OPD consultation by specialist doctors including diagnostics.Multi-Speciality Hospital - for IPD care (earlier called Secondary Level Hospital)Super-Speciality Hospital - (earlier called Tertiary Level Hospital).The Aam Aadmi Mohalla Clinic has been conceptualized as a mechanism to provide quality primary health care services accessible within the communities in Delhi at their doorstep. The setting up of AAMCs has been envisaged in the form of Pre-Engineered Insulated Box Type Re-located Structures which are to be manufactured and installed through PWD. 1000 such clinics are proposed to be opened.The clinics shall provide following services:a. Basic medical care based on standard treatment protocols which include curative care for common illnesses like fever, diarrhoea, skin problems, respiratory problems etc., first aid for injuries and burns, dressing and management of minor wounds and referral services.b. All lab investigations are to be carried out by the empanelled laboratory for the clinic.c. All drugs as per the essential drug list shall be provided free of cost to the patients.d. Preventive services such as antenatal and postnatal care of pregnant women, assessment of nutritional status and counselling and preventive and promotive component of National/State Health Programmes.e. Health information, education and awareness.The clinics shall function from 8.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m. on all day from Monday to Saturday. Sunday will be weekly off.This is only one step. There are various other important decision taken by GNCTD in health sector. You only need to search it on the internet because you will not find any media reporting any positives about AAP.EDUCATIONDelhi Government had taken following steps in the education sector.Regularization of guest teachers in Delhi.Increase in the school infrastructure.Modification of existing infrastructure.Induction of smart learning techniques like smart classes and digital boards in Delhi Govt. Schools.Teacher training initiatives are started and teachers are sent to premier institutions like IIMs for training.Initiatives like mega PTM started and teachers start interacting with parents to take inputs.Concept of estate manager was initiated this is the person who will look after the infrastructure of school buildings so that teachers can solely focus upon academics.School Management committee (SMCs) was set up and given a budget which will help to improve the infrastructure. Recently 10,000 SMC members were elected.Sports infrastructure improved and several government schools are now having swimming pools, good sports ground, basketball courts, badminton courts, gyms, athletics track and one school is now having the international standard AstroTurf hockey ground.The target of 8000+ classrooms are nearly achieved. And many more classrooms are under construction.Two new world class skill centers are sanctioned to give professional hands on training to students. One is already functional in Vivek Vihar, and another will be initiated in Jaunapur village.New campus of DTU (Delhi Technological University) started functioning in 2017.The government forced the private schools to return the excess fees. And regulated the fees hike in private schools.The board results of government schools in 2017 was better than the private schools.ADMINISTRATIONIn administration and public service the government took following steps.The most awaited Janlokpal Bill was passed in Delhi Assembly which was later blocked by the Lieutenant Government (LG).Delhi health policy was drafted and the profit margins over vast range of drugs and medical consumables will be fixed.Delhi accident policy formulated in which the government will bear the cost of the treatment of any accident victim.Cabinet clears Delhi sports policy in which govt. Will fund 100 sportsman of Delhi with ₹ 16 lakh per year including all the expenses on training.Home delivery of essential public services was proposed by the government but again it was blocked by the LG.Request for proposal floated for CCTV installation in Delhi.The RWAs given more rights and importance in decision making.INFRASTRUCTUREThe NITI Aayog has chosen the Delhi government's four infrastructure projects under its Development Support Service to States (DSSS) policy. The Aayog will provide support services in executing these four projects in the city.The most awaited signature bridge project is expected to be completed in April 2018. The bridge will connect the Outer Ring Road on the western bank with the Wazirabad Road on the eastern bank of the Yamuna.New RTR flyover is expected to complete in June 2018.The Azadpur flyover was completed under the budget saving ₹ 100 crore to the public exchequer.₹ 20 crore was saved in the construction of Bhalaswa flyover.
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What are the main areas that one should learn during CA articleship?
I did my articleship from Khimji Kunverji and Co., one of the top firms in Mumbai; and it was an awesome experience. Let me shed some light on my learnings -Learn to say NO - Random seniors come and give you random work. Learn to say No. Learn to say you are busy. You are not a dustbin.Learn to say YES - You need to have a good rapport with your immediate seniors and your boss. I have filled my boss’s daughter’s BFM admission form because she needed some help. Sometimes, you have to keep your ego aside and look at the larger picture.Whether audit or tax is the one for you - You tend to spend 3 years in articleship, doing either audit or tax. It is good enough time to gauge whether you want to do this for your entire life or not. For me the answer was NO, and I switched to Finance. No point wasting time once you qualify.Domain Knowledge - In your first job interviews after becoming a CA, a lot of stress will be on what you did during these 3 years. You should be upto date with that. Get your basics right.Out time is a myth – As per my firm HR Manual, the official work time was roughly 10-30 to 6–30. Strangely, you used to be penalized for coming late, but no credit for going late. It’s the norm. Get used to it.Make Mistakes - Ask stupid questions. Make mistakes. Experiment. Because you have the license to. You are a fresher. As a CA, people expect more.Do not neglect your Social Life - Its important. Your boss will not come at 12 to your place with a cake in his hand, wishing you a happy birthday.I remember getting into a train during my 1st year articleship. I somehow started chatting with a guy standing near me. He was a CA. I told him I just cleared IPCC and started with articleship. He started laughing and said “Welcome to Hell”.With all the office and study pressure, you might feel life sucks during articleship, but it will be a great experience. You will create memories of a lifetime. Cherish it :)
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How I can close an account in SBI, if the account holder is dead by few weeks?
When Nomination is registered with the bank, the nominee can apply to the Bank, giving full details of the accounts of the deceased depositor. On receipt of the claim from the nominee, the branch will verify the photocopy with the original Death Certificate, Nomination number as registered in CBS, Nomination register.Signatures of two witnesses of good standing and integrity who are acceptable to the Bank should also be provided on the application. The witness can be any of the following:· Magistrate or Judicial official· Any Officer of the Central / State Government or Any Officer of the Bank.· Any two persons acceptable to the Bank.What if nomination is registered in favor of a minor?If the nominee is minor, the person appointed by the deceased account holder to act on behalf of the minor until he/she attains majority has to submit an application to the Bank, giving full details of the accounts of the deceased depositor.What is the procedure for claim settlement in case of deceased accounts, if the deceased customer's Accounts is having Survivorship Clause? (Either or Survivor, Former or Survivor, Later or Survivor and Any one or Survivor etc.)In case of deposits in Joint Names with Survivorship Clause (E or S, F or S, L or S and Any one or Survivor etc.)If the depositor dies, then it is sufficient for the survivors to make a simple application along with a photo copy of the Death Certificate for record of the Bank.For time deposits, the survivors can continue with the account by deleting the deceased depositor's name from the TDR/STDR / Other FDs.In case of Current Account/ Savings Bank Account, the survivors are advised to transfer the balance to a new account in their own name and Bank asks for a fresh account opening form.If the survivors want to close the accounts, they can do so. In case of term deposits, on request from the legal heir(s)/representative(s)/nominees, the deposit can be split into two or more receipts individually in the name of legal heir(s)/representative(s)/nominees. It shall not be construed as premature withdrawal of the term deposit for the purpose of imposing penalty clause for premature withdrawal provided the period and the aggregate amount of the deposit do not undergo any change. The interest shall be paid at the rate applicable for the period actually run.What if the joint deposit is without survivorship clause?When a joint account holder dies, in the absence of a clause like E or S, F or S, L or S, the balance can be paid jointly to the survivors and the legal heirs of the deceased.Example: If an account in the joint name of A and B, and if A dies, the balance will not be paid to B alone. It has to be paid to B and to the legal heirs of A jointly. The settlement can be made to the legal heirs of A either through legal representation or without legal representation as the case may be.What if the deceased customer's Accounts is having neither Survivorship Clause nor Nomination?In a deceased account where there is neither Survivorship clause nor Nomination, our Bank delivers the assets only to the legal heirs.As disposal with legal representation is time consuming, to improve customer service, our Bank has devised a system of settling the accounts without production of legal representation on the basis of Indemnity – cum – Affidavit. This is applicable only when:· The customer has died INTESTATE i.e. without a WILL and· There are no disputes among the legal heirs and all the legal heirs (other than those who have furnished a Letter of Disclaimer) join in indemnifying the Bank and there is no reasonable doubt about the genuineness of the claimant(s) being the only legal heirs.What is a Legal representation?A legal representation is one that is granted by a Court of Law entitling the legal heirs of the deceased to collect the debts/securities or assets of the deceased. Bank may opt for settling the matter through legal representation. The following documents represent different forms of legal representation:· Succession Certificate· Wills and Probate· Letter of Administration· Order of the Administrative General attached to the High CourtWhat are the documents required for disposal of deceased accounts without legal representation?Depending on the amount of claim, the following documents need to be submitted.· Photocopy of Death Certificate (original shall be verified by the bank).· KYC details of all the legal heir(s)· Account details of the Claimant(s) (If available)· Revised Claim Form duly filled and signed by the Claimant(s), other than those who signed the letter of disclaimer.· Letter of disclaimer· The Declaration in the Revised Claim Form regarding the Legal Heirs(s) of the deceased is to be signed by-o One independent person well known to the family of the deceased but unconnected with it and acceptable to the Bank ORo By any account holder of the Bank known to the family of the deceased but unconnected with it ORo By any Govt. Official whose signature is verifiable by the Bank.o Such Declaration has to be sworn as an Affidavit before the Judicial Magistrate or Notary Public as per COS-539, when the settled amount is more than Rs 5.00 lakhs.· Stamped Letter of Indemnity from the Claimant(s) plus one Surety good for the amount or two Sureties jointly good for the amount. Any legal heir(s) who has signed the Letter of Disclaimer in favour of other legal heir(s) may stand as surety if he/she is independently good for the amount of claim. Production of Surety should not be insisted upon when the settled amount is not more than Rs 5.00 lakhs.Please get in touch with the home branch for further assistance in this regard.
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What kind of skill set should a CA student develop before starting Articleship?
This hunger for more knowledge is good for a CA Student. It is a very good idea to know what others have learnt and re-assess oneself on the basis of same, so that you become equally competent. This is a good way of improving oneself.Part A - About the core Knowledge:(a) What your firm operates in - you can't do much beyond that.Core Knowledge = Practical Knowledge about areas your firm is operating in.See the firm you have chosen or you got into, basically will provide you with the knowledge of some of the fields in which Chartered Accountants works. You cannot gain knowledge about all fields in which Chartered Accountants work, since the scope is very wide and whether it is a Big Four or a sole proprietor Chartered Accountant, nobody can give you work experience in all fields. So basically these core areas where you get to work - you have to be satisfied with the same. All you can do is - learn from experiences of your friends who are in to different core areas. This is a rigid area, and not much can be done in this.(b) Try to get an assignment in all kinds of activities that your firms do -You can't go out of the box in which your firm operates, but atleast you can learn everything that is in your box. Many articles run away from certain things - saying it is a low category assignment or not so fascinating. It is because they all hear it from their friends about the big industry they worked in and blah blah things. But go and ask those friends, if they know, what is the procedure to obtain a PAN card and a duplicate PAN card? What is the procedure to obtain Shop Act? or atleast if they know what is Shop act?My Insights -In our office they didn't used to allow articles to do that, the administrative people like Bcom people used to do that. But I insisted on the same, to allow me to do them once. The task was easy, but it was something very basic that I learnt. Later when you start your practice or job, these are somethings that give you edge over others. If you become an entrepreneur, you can handle those things yourself. So it is beneficial always.(c) Try to get assignments in all kinds of industries that firm works in -Basically most Chartered Accountants work in some fixed industries since when you do good to one client, similar clients get attracted, so automatically, you will see that most clients are of similar category. As an article you should try to do audit of all kinds of organizations -Based on organization type like Sole proprietor, Private limited companies, Partnership firms, trusts, public limited companies etc.Based on different business forms like Retailers, Wholesalers, Chain stores, Manufacturers, Service providers, Traders, Consultants, Support Services, Maintenance services, Export oriented, etc.Based on different industries like IT, E-commerce, FMCG, Finance, Automobiles, Telecom, etc.Based on Tax benefits or special act companies like religious trusts enjoying benefits u/s 11 or 12, regulated companies like insurance, banking, etc. or may be companies in Special Economic Zones, etc.A Piece of Advice -You won't find all of the above in any one firm. Such firms giving such wide opportunities don't exist. But thing is - you need to explore every corner of your own firm, whatever it is.(d) Try to gain overall knowledge of all types of works -Don't think about specialization in Articleship, it is not that much useful, because if later in life that sector goes down, your career will get a full-stop. As a Chartered Accountant you must first learn all the basics of all types of work, when you become aware about basics, i.e. after articleship, then you should try to develop core competence when you find jobs or do practice.My Insights -If you don't get an assignment of different type - go to your principal and say that "Sir, I want to learn about that kind of work, if next time there is any work related to that xyz client, please give me a chance." I did it in my articleship, and I got those opportunities, Sir was happier indeed, that an article was ready to take up some sort of responsibility. I am pretty sure, 80% of Chartered Accountants would do the same. If you say politely, the teacher inside them will awake, and they will allow you to fly!Part B - Other things that you should learn during articleship - More important than above said things!(a) Office Ethics -You should learn about the office culture, how people dress, talk, meet and greet colleagues, seniors and clients. It is very important to observe how people form groups, how they make their juniors to work and seniors to help/guide. It is very important to notice, how others are keeping good relations with administrative staff i.e. HR, Clerks, etc. - something that is very helpful at times of problems. There are many more things - basically you have to learn how people operate in office and especially how your boss stays in office - since someday you too will be a boss.A Piece of advice -Learn good things only. Although I assume most Chartered Accountants are well cultured and natured, but exceptions may exist. But remember, may be your boss was good or bad, you have to become a good boss in future.At many times you feel that your boss did wrong, and he/she should have allowed you to do xyz thing. Remember such incidents or make a note of it. When you become a boss, you do them correctly. If you are able to do, you are a good boss, else you will realize had a wrong idea about your boss.(b) Printing, Scanning, Documenting, Letter typing, Organizing Office, Using appropriate Stationery -Your reaction - "Oh God! Really?"Consider this situation - you are in a corporate office, a high ranked employee. You tell the clerk to scan a document, but your clerk is new. He is not acquainted with the printer. What would you do, if you yourself don't know how to use a printer or scanner? In early days of your job or in many companies, you don't have clerks who do it for you, you have a printer next to you and you have to do it yourself. In case you don't know these, what a shame! A Chartered Accountant, but does know how to use a printer or how to unpin a staple! God! Dummies on earth.My Insights -One of the expert HR was sharing his experiences with interviewing Chartered Accountant, at a conference that I was listening to. He said, we tried an experiment successfully. We told every candidate entering into the interview room to arrange certain documents and properly organize them into a file. Now on the basis of how file was organized, they discovered candidates who had done dummy articleship or articleship of low grade, because those candidates never knew how to arrange a file, since they never did it in their lifetime.So basically the best thing about a good leader, boss, a senior or an entrepreneur is that he/she knows the work of all persons junior to him/her very well. That's why they can handle them well.So basically learn the following things and many more which I can't list out -How to properly document an Audit file?How to properly keep a permanent client record - both electronic & physicalHow printers, scanners, servers of your office, internet network, LAN systems, routers, biometrics, connections etc. work in your office.How to use correct stationery correctly? Like properly unpinning documents, or may be how to create sets for clients, income tax officers, registrars etc.How to draft covering letters, envelopes, request letters, etc.(c) Drafting Email Communications & Email Ethics -The most important part indeed of articleship. The fact is we never get opportunity to learn this anywhere else. This is a good ground to learn. Initially you can see how your boss writes email, how your senior does it. Then you can innovate it yourself. The thing is in business world, everything today goes on Email. Emails don't have a tone, they don't have smileys (means they are not used). Writing a good email, is an art. It is very important to learn how to write such kinds of emails.Emails asking client to provide information, with accurate requirement list.Polite Emails for making client realize the wrong they have done.Emails providing consultancy services. See email consultancy is a big time opportunity and costless service, in future a good means of earning.Writing intra-office emails.Whom to keep in CC, Never to use BCC, how should be the subject line, how should be the signature etc.When email shouldn't be used & telephonic conversations should be preferred, sending reminders, how to use meeting feature, etc.(d) Oral Communications - F2F or telephonic or over internetThis is again a great area to learn. It very necessary to learn how to interact with clients. The interaction can be face to face, or telephonic or over internet services like skype, etc. It very important to learn to learn how to deal with such situations. A conversation over telephone, has to be polite and discussing documents over telephone is also an art. Similarly communication over Skype is also an interesting thing to learn, one should know how to have business conversations over Skype and how to share documents, discuss & present over it.(e) Formatting documents - Something that stupids call stupidity!I have seen documents and emails from fellow Chartered Accountants, so pathetically formatted, that I sometimes wish to hit them with a stone, maybe their sense would come back then. But basically the idea is Chartered Accountants are professionals, and therefore, a professional behaviour is expected from them. The behaviour is expected highest in the documents and reports. Thus, it is very important to learn:Appropriate font sizes, font stylesHow to add tables in emails, how to structure an email, maximum size of emails, minimum size of emailsWhen to use and when not to use - bold, italics, underlines, shades, coloursHow to structure paragraphs, appropriate line spacingHow to convert documents into different formatsHow much margins to keep, how to make document print readyHow to make document secureHow to make documents self-explanatory by adding commentsHow to use various functions like footnotes, document review, freeze panes, grouping - sub-grouping, page numbers, author details etcCover page for report, report size, number of maximum pages, drafting executive summary, adding disclaimers, etc.Conclusion:The Part A makes you an intelligent Chartered Accountant.The Part B makes you an intelligent Human Being.And let me tell you, Part B is more important, because even if you don't become a CA, an intelligent human being can definitely live a good career!Ignoring the part B is very common amongst CA, and that's why MBAs getting an edge over CAs is also very common.Many people say 'Articleship is nothing but labour work', well it is because you think it that way, and that's why you are doing it that way. If you try, you will realize articleship period is life changing!"You will have hundreds of opportunities to learn the bigger things once you become CA, but not these small things. Once you become CA, people don't expect you to know everything, they understand it is quite impossible, but they definitely do expect that you know these basic things rightly."
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Why did the US just withdraw from the UN Human Rights Council? How will this affect US diplomacy around the world?
The US withdrawal? “Disappointing if not really surprising”.US ambassador Nikki R. Haley cited “a cesspool of political bias against Israel” and “members of the Commission who themselves violated human rights.” This has been a consistent source of friction with the US, especially since 2009.RT @USUN: With members like China, Cuba, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Venezuela the Human Rights Council is not worth its name. pic.twitter.com/eEETxFvw19— Nikki Haley (@nikkihaley) June 19, 2018 The United Nations replaced the Commission on Human Rights with the Human Rights Council (HRC) in 2006, established by a UN vote of 170–4. UN members who strongly opposed the Council were the United States, Israel, Marshall Islands and Palau. Three nations abstained—Venezuela, Iran and Belarus.Forty-seven members of the HRC are elected by a majority of ninety-six votes of the General Assembly. Council members may be suspended by a two-thirds majority vote of the UN. [1]The HRC’s draft resolution aimed “to respect human rights and fundamental freedoms for all, without distinction of any kind as to race, colour, sex, language or religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.” [2]Timeline of US interaction with the HRC:2006: US ambassador John Bolton (now US National Security Advisor) vigorously opposed the formation of the HRC and the Bush admin boycotted the body.2009: The US relented and joined the HRC.“It’s an imperfect body but it has a decent track record. It could get better, but it stands a worse chance of doing so if the U.S. takes its ball and goes home and allows it to become a playground for strongmen.” —Stephen Pomper, president Barack Obama’s National Security Council.2013: Controversy raged as Russia, China, Saudi Arabia, Algeria and Vietnam joined the org.2016: In his election campaign, Donald Trump pledged to quit the body.June 6, 2017: Nikki Haley announced the US would not continue to participate in the HRC, “the UN must act to keep the worst human rights abusers from obtaining seats on the Council,” … “we must change the elections so countries are forced to make the case for membership based on their records, not on their promises.” [3]Sept 19, 2017: President Donald J. Trump addressed the UN assembly, "It is a massive source of embarrassment to the United Nations that some governments with egregious human rights records sit on the UN Human Rights Council."Sept 21, 2017: Ambassador Nikki Haley warned the US would pull out of the council if bias against Israel continued. [4]Oct 20, 2017: After pledges to promotion of human rights, Angola and Afghanistan were elected to the HRC and Qatar was re-elected. The Democratic Republic of the Congo was elected without making a pledge.June 4, 2018: Special Rapporteur Philip G. Alston presented his annual report on “Extreme Poverty and Human Rights”. [5] He pointed out that based on health, schooling and living conditions, the rate of youth poverty in the US was the highest in the OECD—40m Americans subsist in poverty, 18.5m in extreme poverty (defined by the UN as living on less than US$2 per day) and 5m in third world absolute poverty. [6] The report further stated the top 1% of the US population owns 38% of the nation’s total wealth.June 18, 2018: The UN’s high commissioner for human rights, Zeid Ra’ad al-Hussein called the US policy of separating children from parents crossing the border “unconscionable.”June 19, 2018: Secretary of State Mike Pompeo praised the US ambassador’s work—Nikki Haley then announced the US withdrawal from the HRC. In unfortunate timing for advocates of human rights, the move was made on “Juneteenth”—the 153rd anniversary of the abolition of slavery, celebrated by 45 of 50 American states. [7]"Disappointing, if not really surprising, news. Given the state of #HumanRights in today's world, the US should be stepping up, not stepping back" -- UN Human Rights Chief #Zeid following USA decision to withdraw from U.N. Human Rights Council.#StandUp4HumanRights— UN Human Rights (@UNHumanRights) June 19, 2018 July 2, 2018: The council meets again on the issue of Israel and Palestine. [8]The UN, The US, Israel and PalestineSince the UN’s Resolution 181 for the partition of Palestine in 1947, the UN Security Council has made 225 resolutions concerning Israel and Palestine, most recently calling for an end to Israeli settlements. [9]– Safety– Dignity– Human rights & fundamental freedoms for ALL migrants – children, women & men – at ALL times@UNmigration info: https://t.co/K9ZNxSYgZA pic.twitter.com/RcTfNfDQix— United Nations (@UN) May 26, 2018 The UN General Assembly has condemned Israel in 45 resolutions over six decades, many times citing the strategic relationship with the US as “encouraging Israeli aggression and expansion”.In 2002, US ambassador John Negroponte articulated the cornerstone of US doctrine—a condemnation of terrorism, a commitment to a political settlement and a requirement for an improvement in “safety and security” before any withdrawal by Israel to territories held at the time of the Second Intifada—the Palestinian uprising in September, 2000.The UN sees the Israeli occupation since 1967 of Palestine as a violation of the principle of jus ad bellum and international law. [10]In practice, the withdrawal from the Human Rights Council won’t much affect US diplomacy around the world.The US has a consistent, century-long history of conservative domestic politicians rejecting both multilateral diplomacy and refusing to sign or ratify international treaties. This has always shaped the US’ stance on the world stage.The Human Rights Council is responsible for promoting & protecting the human rights of all people all over the
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