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Ah yes, if it’s on Facebook it must be true. Just like all of the Cosmic PingPong “there is a child sex ring being run in the basement” posts! Or how the Sandy Hook ES shooting never took place—those children were just crisis actors.Here’s the deal: part of the Federal Govt. was funded. They’re functioning (mostly—I say mostly because even though the Military was funded, you get a whole range of programs and activities that are not funded that provide support for the military). But a big chunk of the USG was not funded. They were supposed to by a CR (or Continuing Resolution). A CR basically says “let’s take the existing programs, existing budget, pro-rate it 1–2 months and extend it for that time so we have a little more time to resolve the next budget.” A CR agreement was on the table and Donald Trump in December said “I ain’t signing it unless you add this new program and new budget item.”As a result, multiple Federal agencies are unfunded and shut down. For instance, here’s the front page on the website for the National Zoo: Help Save Animals And here’s the Small Business Administration (SBA—they provide loans to small businesses and startups): Small Business AdministrationNone of the employees in the agencies and in DHS (who oversees border security. so yeah, the US Coast Guard, UCSIS, the Border Patrol)—none of them are getting paid. Some are required to show up for work (and don’t get paid). Some of them are non-exempted and are prohibited from coming to work. But none of them are getting paid. Don’t take my word for it: https://www.washingtonpost.com/l... and https://www.washingtonpost.com/g... and Government recommends employees struggling to pay rent to work as carpenters for their landlords The Coast Guard even recommended that their members hold “garage sales” in help pay the mortgage.Even President Trump admits people aren’t getting paid: Trump: ‘I Can Relate’ to Federal Workers Not Getting Paid During Shutdown So unless the person who posted that on Facebook is accusing Trump of being a liar (oh wait, let’s not go there on this issue), I think it’s pretty safe to say—there are hundreds of thousands of Federal employees who aren’t getting paid.Also, there are plenty of Federal contractors not getting paid. And they won’t get back pay. And if this goes on, many will be laid off: Not Expecting Back Pay, Government Contractors Collect Unemployment, Dip Into Savings

Here is some awesome sarcasm on the leh manali road for people jerking on road.Be patient on road otherwise you will be patient in hospitalWhy are you in hurry?Sarcasm at its bestThank you for driving safe!!!!When administration is out of words for inconvenience, they make roads to apologize to people.Specially for harsh drivers!!!!Be gentle on her(road) curves!!! Ha ha haLife is short, don't make it shorter.True oneChoose a right place to donate bloods,not on roadsGaddi chaladi chhalanga mardi(vehicle jerking on road)Don't be romantic while driving, it's injurious to health.Issued in public interest.Truly for womenRemember there is someone waiting for you back at home, she wants you but not so fast.

(Warning: this answer is written so that non-technical readers get a good idea of the issues involved. For pedagogical purposes, there are a number of over-simplifications, and instances of terms being used loosely. For "technically accurate" terminology and details, readers are encouraged to click through to the links provided.) Most good companies will never store your password in the database  directly, and nobody in the company will know, or have access to your password directly. There are a few incompetent companies (or in-house software at your office) which do store the password directly. If a company is able to send you back your password in an email or over the  phone, that's a sure sign that the company's software is very insecure.The reason passwords are never stored directly in the database is that anybody who gets access to the database would then have access to all the  passwords of all the users. That would be disastrous, since not only would accounts of millions of people be compromised in an instant, but  also remember that many, many people use the same password across websites, so somebody who gets your Quora password might also be able to get into your Gmail and Facebook and other accounts.Instead, your password is stored using what I would call "one-way encryption."  (Technically, this is called a one-way function, or a cryptographically  secure hash function. See the Wikipedia page for details: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One...) Basically, "one-way encryption" is an encryption method in which it is easy to  encode stuff, but very difficult (read: almost impossible) to decrypt it. For example, a typical one-way encryption function might have the following characteristics: it takes 1 microsecond to compute the encrypted form from a password, but is estimated to take 2000 years if you want to figure out the password from the encrypted form. Now, if you enter your username and password, the system finds the database record based on your username, and finds the encrypted version of your password there. It then takes the password that you entered, encrypts it using the one-way function (and this takes negligible time), and checks whether the encrypted form matches what is stored in the database. If yes, you're allowed into the system, otherwise you are not. If, any admin, or malicious user gets their hands on the database the encrypted passwords are of no use to them. It is still practically impossible to decrypt the stored encrypted entries and get passwords out of them. Thus, your password is safe even if the database is compromised.However, it is still possible for the hacker to try and guess what your password is. The basic idea is very simple: Guess what that user's password might be. Use the one-way function to verify whether the guess was correct or not. This takes 1 microsecond. This means that they can check a million guesses in 1 second. In other words, and they can try all the common English words, all common proper names of people and animals, with and without caplitalization, and with and without one or two digits appended to the end - all in a few minutes. Thus, if your password happens to be Jebediah23, it will get cracked in a few minutes if not less. Now realize that if I get my hands upon the database of encrypted passwords of a big site like LinkedIn - I have access to millions of encrypted passwords. In this database, I can guarantee that there will literally be hundreds of thousands of users with passwords that are English words or names, possibly with a digit or two appended at the end. In a few minutes, by simply trying all English words, names, etc., I can crack hundreds of thousands of passwords. This is called a "dictionary attack" (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dic...)There is a free program called John the Ripper (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joh...) which does exactly this. (And this has already happened, many, many times in the past, with major websites, including LinkedIn.)This should help you understand why your password needs digits and punctuation in the middle, and should not be a common English word, or name. Remember how some sites and system administrators are trying to enforce "strong" passwords upon you? This is what they're trying to prevent.One important concept here is that of "salting", which is useful for preventing dictionary attack. Instead of simply encrypting the password, the website appends the username or the email address or just some random string to the password and encrypts the resultant combined string. Thus if 'navin' and 'makarand' both have the password 'quorarox' the database will actually store the encrypted form of 'quorarox:navin' with navin's database record, and 'quorarox:makarand' with makarand's record. This makes it signNowly more difficult for the dictionary attack to succeed. (I have over-simplified - For more details read up on rainbow tables: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rai...). The string added to the password is called a 'salt', and salting is strongly recommended, but sadly not all websites follow this practice. For example, the LinkedIn leak of June 2012 showed that LinkedIn had not salted passwords (this has since been fixed).Update: These days many websites allow users to log in using Facebook, or Google or other third parties. This works a little differently. In that case,  instead of an encrypted password, the website stores an "authorization token"  that is provided by Facebook/Google/etc to the website specifically for this user. This authorization token can be used only by this website to check whether this particular user is logged in. This is done by the website contacting Facebook/Google's servers at the time of each login. If a  hacker gets access to this authorization token, it is of no use to her,  since it cannot be used by anybody other than this website. This is because the website itself has a secret key provided to it by Facebook/Google, and this secret key is not usually stored in the database.

I am self-taught. I'm 24 now. I started when I was 22. Before that I'd have told you C# was a music note.What I had that I believe was the most marketable for my first job:Extremely positive, motivated, can-do, hardworking attitude. You have to let them know you expect you will learn on the job and put in your own time on nights/weekends, and that you would be happy to do so for the opportunity to work at the company!Team-player, I learned to work in a very synergistic way with the rest of the team and tried to make it a good environment for everyone.Very strong verbal and written communication skills. No fear in looking stupid or asking questions when I need it. I would always try my best to do something on my own, but when I got stuck, I did not hesitate to ask for help.High mathematical / critical thinking / logic skills. High sense of logic and opinions for problem solving, UI/UX designs, business ideas, etc.. but also open to listening to others' ideas.Fast learner for concepts, architecture, picking up new languages, using new JavaScript libraries. I don't mind jumping right into new technologies, going at it to make it work, and learning as I go.^ If you can see, most of these skills are not really programming syntax/language/technical skills. They are more centered about an all around attitude and aptitude, and I believe this can be very valuable if you can show someone this in an interview.My first job was with a small company ~20 people. It was an software engineer I position. I did web development. The technologies I used there were (from front end to back end): HTML, CSS /SASS, JavaScript, jQuery, JSON, XML, React JS, C#, LINQ, SQL, SSAS, Mongo DB. What I knew a smidge of before starting: HTML, CSS, C#, SQL. The rest I had to learn on the job. The first 2 months were *rough*. I had to go home and study most nights a few hours to keep up with it all. By all means, my C# before that was nothing compared to what I needed. It all sorta "clicked" one day and I stopped mixing up technologies.Some advice on getting the job:The best way to begin would be to get started working on some of your own projects at home, put up a GitHub, put up a website, and show your work! Get a solid resume setup that displays your GitHub and website. Write a cover letter about your motivation to program and what you like about the specific company.Read up on job posts and see what skills you see commonly grouped, and make sure you can learn a small amount of each. Be able to say something intelligent about each technology, even though you don't fully know how to use it. Be able to explain how you used and learned other technologies specific to a project you did at home. As far as which database.. check out what type of dev you want to be first! If you want to go into Java, most places will probably put Oracle as their database. And learn the SQL syntax.Google top interview questions for ALL of the technologies you see on job posts.. and study all of it. You won't understand or retain everything, but it will give you an idea of what to study because it is a BIG world of technology out there and that is a good way to get a base foundation. I printed myself out a big ol' C# / SQL / JavaScript tutorial and set of interview questions, and went to town researching every single question I didn't understand to get my first job. It is hard, but it's a good way to learn.Use the free resources online to learn (here is what helped me most, I will give you the main page and you pick out your technologies/languages): tutorialspoint.com, Learn to code (Code Academy), Learn by doing - Code School, About - Project Euler, C# Tutorial: Dot Net Perls, W3Schools Online Web Tutorials, and Stack Overflow. YouTube has many tutorials, lectures, and code with someone type videos. I believe if you were to only use these, and use all of the relevant courses on those free sites, and start building your own projects.. and obviously google / check StackOverflow for things you don't understand, there is no reason you cannot become a good programmer for free online.Get yourself an nice completely free awesome IDE (the same one you will be able to use in your job! Just at work you will use the Enterprise/Ultimate/etc. edition). For .NET use Visual Studio Community: Free Dev Tools - Visual Studio Community 2015. For Java use Eclipse: https://eclipse.org/Build things. Take them apart. What to build? Make a calculator, legend of zelda store, walk through story game, a quiz, a simple website to enroll students, anything you want. Make something to measure the cost of airplane flights if you like to travel. Make a tool to measure your stocks. Make a translator for your flashcards if you are learning a language. Find ways to optimize your life, and make them happen with a program. Go onto GitHub and take apart other people's programs to see how they work. Get a free Database from Microsoft: Walkthrough: Installing the AdventureWorks Database. If you are really out of ideas: Creating an Entity Framework Data Model, https://www.reddit.com/r/learnpr..., karan/Projects, Khan Academy, 5 Project Ideas To Help You Learn Programming FasterThere are some good paid ones: Pluralsight. It is good. I didn't use it, and I didn't need it.. but now that I am working, they pay for it for us and it is a good resource. Think of it as taking out all the work of researching/googling online for your own materials and they put it all in one place in a nice set of lectures with code samples. You don't by any means need it or have to get it, but it is a nice luxury study item.Target small companies. Working at a bigger corporation is not very forgiving for new programmers, unless they specifically setup a program for newcomers. I have seen the failure of out of college students without enthusiasm biting the dust at my company. A smaller place is more personalized and a more senior developer may be able to take you on and mentor you without any fear of short deadlines coming up too fast. A small company that gives you an opportunity to work on production code >>> large company that gives you automated tests / unit test / non-production code work. YES though if you can get either, take either one. I just believe you can learn quicker while working on the main code base the company represents instead of getting put on a lower priority project.Apply for many jobs. I had to apply to like 20 jobs to get the 2 offers. I got wait listed by one. I didn't hear back at all from a TON. Don't get discouraged. Never take anything personally, just keep on chugging. Learn from each interview how to better present yourself, and how to better answer technical questions. Write down questions they ask you and save them somewhere, study them! Some places are just stubborn and want their CS degree, some places just filled the positions, some place forgot they made a job post, and some places don't check their job inbox much.A lot of getting a job depends on the competition. If a developer with 2-5 years who has a solid character applies for the same job, chances are they will get it. If a developer with 2-5 years applies who isn't very good.. you will probably look better. If a developer with 2-5 years is a stellar programmer, but does not have the best character or isn't a team player.. you will also probably look better. Shining new motivated candidate ready to take on the world should not be underestimated. It is all about the potential. You could be the penny stock that pays off big time later, and everyone wants the penny stock that pays off later.Do your research about the company. Read their website About Us section. Read about them in Glassdoor. Read their blog. Read news articles about them. Mention the good things you read in your cover letter and phone interview. It shows you care about the company and are through. It gives you a topic to talk about.Disclaimer about my background: I do have a college degree (B.S. in Chemistry), and 3/4 of a medical degree. So-- I am not without a college degree, but I am self-taught in programming. For programming: I have paid for no courses online or in person, done no certifications, and found what free resources I could online. I did not "know" anyone, network, or use any recommendations for my first 3 jobs, I applied online directly to a company's website or a job board posting (Glassdoor, Monster, LinkedIn, or Indeed are all good). I did without a recruiter.. I didn't fit the 5 years of blah blah so most of them didn't know what to do with me. I am a little of an odd-ball, I left H.S. at 15, graduated college at 19, and walked out of my 3rd year of medical school at 22 (That's another long story..). I have always had 99th percentile scores on math and critical thinking tests in school and been horrible at memorizing, so am probably a little predisposed to this career (Trying to memorize one paragraph of Romeo and Juliet word for word in middle school almost made me sh*t my pants, but math always just made sense). I did not know a thing about C# / programming / databases / what an IDE was until leaving medicine. I had no plans to go into programming, I was full dead set to become a doctor until I realized that made me unhappy. I spent 4 weeks studying with my brother (~3x a week for 2-4 hours) who is a senior developer and using only free resources on the Internet.. and then I applied for jobs. I had GitHub and a Blogger with code samples and tutorials (See it here: Crystal Tenn) I landed 2 jobs based on what I had learned and a lot of convincing that I was a motivated person. I am not sure if being a female has helped or hurt me as far as getting a job, but I would like to say it has not affected me.I hope this helps, and best of luck! It can be done. I know a lot of self-taught programmers who I look up to and work for some of the best tech companies out there. Just never give up and do your best with a smile! I do not think a CS college degree is required to become a programmer. I have seen that of the exceptional programmers out there, a signNow proportion are self-taught.

Because we don't give a damn. We find it hard living our own lives, fighting our own politics. We don't mind hindi being a national language or not. As a Telugu speaker having lived in multiple states, there are few observations I have made:Of the two telugu speaking states, Telangana has a different version of Telugu which has a lot of Hindi flavour in it. It has many hindi words like Pareshaan, dhup for example. So it isn't hard to someone from Telangana to pick up hindi easily.Most of the Andhra people don't know hindi. Being in Andhra region for the first 9 years of my life, despite having hindi as my second language I could hardly speak few words. But I never hated the language . I admired it. We feel it as a privilege if someone knows Hindi. Most of even watch hindi films and pass off saying I can “UNDERSTAND” hindi but can't speak, which may not be the truth in most of the cases. We take not knowing hindi as a challenge rather than an offense. For us, anything out of bounds is a fantasy and we try to adapt. We are a those people who feel ‘not being at home’ or ‘being adaptive to foreign cultures(non Telugu)’ is more respectable (cool) than the vice versa. That's the reason you find more Andhra people settled in Hyderabad/US. You can even observe this phenomenon by observing how unrealistic our movies are made. There is a full length hindi song in the telugu movie “khushi” made back in 2001!Whereas in Tamil Nadu, people love their language and cultures so much that they don't like being imposed upon something that is out of their bounds. I heard it from my landlord in Chennai who was probably 65+ that during his childhood there was no hindi teacher and his seniors warned him not to learn hindi. Their affection to Tamil is so high that they won't accept another language. Totally understandable. When there were incidents where Tamil was forcibly erased and replaced with hindi on sign boards it's quite natural they would hate hindi. There were offended groups that raised voices in the past generations, made agitations and hence the opposition is visible even to this day.So Irrespective of what personal preferences of other states are tamilians were insulted on account of Hindi in the past and hence the hatred still continues. May be, though chances are minimal, if someone from Andhra Pradesh also launches an anti hindi campaign and if it becomes successful, you might even find Telugu 's being vocal and stong opposers along with the tamiliansEdit 1: On a lighter note, May be the other south indian states would also have been targeted but it being eclipsed by the “Madrasi” tag , others didn’t react to it thinking it wasn’t them. :P

Because Richard Nixon disliked black people and wanted to squash anti-war political opponents. Seriously.In the early 1960s, cannabis’ image in the US culture began to evolve. Millions began questioning what they had originally been taught, and following the Vietnam War, thousands of veterans were coming home with waterproof sea bags stuffed with hundreds of pounds of exotic hash oil and cannabis, fresh from Vietnam itself. In 1967, the Summer of Love, cannabis becomes an incredibly popular recreational substance among hippies, bikers, veterans and many other demographics. The government even began listening, and in 1969, the United States Supreme Court ruled that the Marihuana Tax Act of 1937 was unconstitutional and a violation of the Fifth Amendment rights.The scientific community’s insistence for marijuana’s legalization, or at least decriminalization, came at a head in 1971 when a bipartisan commission recommended President Nixon remove the Marihuana Tax Act altogether. Nixon’s response was to form the Shafer Commission and the Nixon Marijuana Commission with the public goal of researching the substance to consider this move, but with the real goal of finding any reason to continue marijuana’s ban. The Shafer Commission later presented him with the Shafer Report in 1972, which included a wealth of scientific evidence in favor of the plant being decriminalized and allowed for at least medical use by adults. Soon after, the Nixon Marijuana Commission similarly recommended legalizing recreational cannabis. Instead of listening to the report, Nixon disregarded them entirely, requested the commissions be disbanded, passed the Controlled Substances Act, and soon after formed the DEA in 1973. So began the infamous War on Drugs. Schedule I, the worst rank and new home of cannabis, is described as having no medical value and having a high chance for abuse. Hilariously enough, marinol, which is chemically-identical synthetic THC, was placed in Schedule III.In 1994, Nixon’s aid and the White House Domestic Affairs Advisor from 1969 to 1973, John Ehrlichman, gave his reasoning behind this decision during an interview. “The Nixon campaign in 1968, and the Nixon White House after that, had two enemies: the antiwar left and black people. You understand what I’m saying? We knew we couldn’t make it illegal to be either against the war or black, but by getting the public to associate the hippies with marijuana, and blacks with heroin, and then criminalizing both heavily, we could disrupt those communities. We could arrest their leaders, raid their homes, break up their meetings, and vilify them night after night on the evening news. Did we know we were lying about the drugs? Of course we did.”That’s a real quote. The criminalization of marijuana and the War on Drugs as a whole were a method to bully his political opponents and attack minority groups, built on racism and lies. The government itself has always been aware of this as well. This is evident even inside the DEA, as Francis L. Young, the Chief Administrative Law Judge at the time, sent a report in 1988 to reclassify marijuana as one of the “safest therapeutic agents known to man,” but was turned down by his superiors.Some would like to hear that it’s gotten better, and despite numerous state’s steps to legalize it on their own terms, marijuana still carries a mandatory federal minimum. First offenses can land you in prison for 2 to 10 years in states where it’s illegal. According to the FBI, marijuana accounts for nearly half of all drug arrests. Over 659,000 US citizens were charged with marijuana law violations in 2017 alone, with 90.8% of those being possession only, despite the majority of US states having legalized medical marijuana. Despite the fact that white people are statistically more likely to consume marijuana, black people and Latinos make up 46.9% of those arrested for marijuana charges, even though they make up just 31.5% of the US population.There’s no happy ending to this. There is in some places like California, Nevada, Colorado and Washington, among others, but until the federal ban on marijuana is removed and it’s reclassified from a Schedule I substance (on par with heroin, MDMA, LSD, worse than meth, cocaine, codeine, fentanyl, Adderall, Ritalin, Demerol, OxyContin, etc.), the marijuana industry is going to be extremely hindered and innocent people are going to keep going to federal prison for taking care of their health.

[EDIT 09–07–2019] A commentator says that my language here is “incendiary”. So read this answer “with caution”, a healthy dose of salt and maybe some pop-corn as I make a fool of myself :) Apologies in advanced to any readers who may be insulted, that’s probably not my intent but in expressing myself liberally (pun), some people may be insulted. As a citizen of a Democratic country myself, I respect your right to feel insulted. I also respect your right to insult me back, so have at it if you think I am a total arse.[EDITED] Someone reminded me about BNBR[EDIT 14–06–2019] Fixed sauce - mistaken wrote about the 9 offences. There are total of 46 offences listed under Schedule 1, 9 of which were removed after deliberations. So added 1 link to refer to the original 46.What do the overseas Chinese think about Hong Kongers protesting against the China extradition act?I am an ethnic Chinese.I have participated in several protests in my home country of Malaysia - particularly against corruption.I think those HongKongers protesting against their “extradition bill” are not protesting a bill but protesting China. However, I respect their right to protest.I am just very disappointed if they were protesting the bills just for the sake of sticking it to China. Which is what I see.READ THE BILL! (I’ve attached Sauce at the bottom)For heaven’s sake man. You are a democracy and you MUST defend your democracy by being vigilant and intelligent.An intelligent person reads the bills before protesting them. Failure to do so means… well, you fail at being a Democracy and you fail to uphold your own basic rights to the Democratic franchise. By being willfully stupid. [And if you can’t read that bill, talk to or engage people who can. Which is the next point.]A vigilant person double checks all the news and statements made in the media. Failure to do so allows you to be manipulated by special interests and this is EXACTLY how Democracy in the United States is failing. You could pretty much predict the outcome of an election based on who spent the most money.I’m seeing online how HongKongers are protesting “because China” or “because evil CCP” or some such. Eh What? Over-turn the whole bill “because China”? If you’re so against that just protest to remove that bit.[EDIT 17-Jun-2019] SUPER EXCELLENT ANSWER that describes the ExLaw - I was writing one but found Keith’s most excellent explanation under part 2: Keith Yeung's answer to What do the overseas Chinese think about Hong Kongers protesting against the China extradition act?Failure to understand Hong Kong todayHong Kong is NOT British Hong Kong, a colony and British Dependent TerritoryHong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.The future of Hong Kong is part of China. As a “family”, you can fight as much as you want among yourselves. But when outsiders try to interfere with you, you stand together! What HongKong protesters are doing is standing with outsiders against their own family. Because “fuck China!”Failure to appreciate China todayChina is not the Evil Empire (TM)China has a pretty good track record of looking after its citizens. Their competency is their legitimacy. [Yes, there are problems for individuals. But the fact remains; 2/3 of the people were in poverty in the 70s. Today? 3.1% Every year, China gov sets a poverty reduction target of xx MILLION people. Tell me which Democracy has done such a thing.]A government that provides a 50 year plan that covers Hong Kong’s evolution as part of a high tech, high income, high productivity Greater Bay Area shows incredible investment into Hong Kong SAR that is signNow and meaningful towards everyday Hong Kongers’ economic well-being far into the future.Britain is not Heaven on Earth (TM)Brexit. Seriously, wtf.Britain really doesn’t care about HongKong right now. And they cannot afford to maintain HongKong either.“In 1946 shortly after the war critical voices were raised against colonialism, governor Sir Mark Young proposed a 48-member Municipal Council with signNow competence to govern, one-third elected by non-Chinese, one third by Chinese institutions and one-third by Chinese individuals, known as the "Young Plan", believing that, "to counter the Chinese government's determination to recover Hong Kong, it was necessary to give local inhabitants a greater stake in the territory by widening the political franchise to include them."[9]…“Nonetheless, Young also noticed the emergence of the influence of Kuomintangover the institutions and activities of the local population and saw the possibility of the Municipal Council to be used for their own ends. Therefore, Young suggested that the revision of the constitution "should be so framed to preclude the possibility of the Council concerning itself with political matters, particularly in relation to the future status of the Colony."[4]”Democratic development in Hong Kong - WikipediaThe British were particularly clever, weren’t they? They set up Democracy just to stick it to China. And then, they say you can only have Democracy if you do not vote for the KMT. Yes, Democracy but you cannot choose what Britain does not approve.Funny thing was the then Governor’s proposals for council elections were defeated by the British themselves. It was only after WW2 when Britain was too weary and poor to support the colonies that Britain made a move to give HongKongers elections.So British interests always came before HongKong’s interest.Protesting for the sake of protesting against China is quite stupid when the law you’re protesting is about Hong Kong’s own special set of laws.If the Bill is completely over-turned, it would be a very signNow blow in a fight against corruption - particularly China’s. I don’t see how HongKongers can claim China to be corrupt but take glee in allowing corrupt officials to flee to HongKong.Finally. Good job protesting and exercising your democratic rights. Now figure out what you really want with HongKong’s future. Because Hong Kong is Hong Kong SAR whether anybody likes it or not.Sauce:The bill 1 Million HongKongers are excited about: https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr18-19...List of the original 46 “offences” in the bill, see Page 22: Annex B Schedule 1 of FOO - Description of Offenceshttps://www.legco.gov.hk/yr18-19...List of 9 “offences” that were removed under the Bill: http://gia.info.gov.hk/general/2...LCQ2: Human rights safeguards under Fugitive Offenders and Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Legislation (Amendment) Bill 2019Fugitive Offenders and Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Legislation (Amendment) Bill 2019 to be submitted to LegCoP.S.: I am not from HONG-KONG! I said that right at the start. Yes, I do believe in HKongers’ right to protest. And no, I don’t know everything going on in HK. Although I am critical for the reason of the protest, I do appreciate there are many things about China that are flat out stupid. This Extradition Law would have been an excellent opportunity to set limits or guidelines for the interaction between HK and China - particularly around the issues many HongKongers think are important. HK SAR is special that way and could help China learn how to manage international issues - this is a somewhat naive view but seeing how China implements plans, measures and adapts, it is not an unreasonable assertion.Also, there’s one thing I’ve not been exposed to enough: discussions among the average HKonger with regards to this bill. Especially among the “younger people” - using this term loosely, that make the bulk of the protesters. I have been reading answers by Hong Kongers here on Quora but this isn’t enough.[26-June-2019] Hong Kong activists call on G20 leaders to help 'liberate' cityOn the placards:President Trump: Please Liberate Hong KongDefend Sovereignty of Hong KongDefend Hong Kong ConstitutionOi… that’s really bad. That’s basically a request for the US to invade China in order to cut out an “independent” Hong Kong. That’s a real slap to China’s face.

Many people across India are curious about the Gorkhaland issue, but most of them do not know about the issue very well and are of the false impression that Gorkhaland is a demand by the Gorkhas for separation from India.Hence, the following paragraphs below would help those, who are not familiar with the Gorkhaland issue. As one will read the story, they can view that the demand for Gorkhaland is a just and moral demand for the creation of the state of Gorkhaland within the geographical and constitutional contours of India.To make it for an easy read, I have made a list of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), which has been answered, thus acting as a guide to Gorkhaland issue.Q. Who are Gorkhas in the Indian context?A.The 'Gorkhas' in the Indian context are Indian citizens of Nepali ethnicity, who live across the length and breadth of India. The term 'Gorkha' in the Indian context is used to differentiate the Indian citizens of Nepali ethnicity from the citizens of Nepal, who prefer to be called 'Nepalese.'Many a time, people mistake the Indian 'Gorkhas' with Nepalese 'Gorkhali'. It is to be noted that in terms of Nepal, 'Gorkhali' refers to the people from the 'Gorkha' region. However, the use of the term 'Gorkha' in the Indian context is very different than in Nepal's context. Therefore, the term 'Gorkha' refers to different groups of people depending on the country they are being used in reference to.Q. Did the Gorkhas immigrate to India?A. Majority of the people who identify themselves as 'Gorkhas' in India are sons and daughters of the soil, and their forefathers 'came with the land.' They did not immigrate to India. However, it is well recognized that there are many immigrants from Nepal, who have also settled in India, post-independence.Q. What do you mean by 'came with the land'?A.The Nepali kingdom in the 17th and 18th Century was spread all over the Himalayas. In the year 1777, Nepal had appropriated the Kingdom of Sikkim (that included most of the present day Darjeeling district) in the east and had also successfully invaded and conquered the Kingdoms of Kumaon, Garhwal and Kangra in the west. The Nepali Kingdom was spread from the east of rivers Teesta to the west of river Sutlej.However, following the Anglo-Nepal war of 1814-1816, Nepal agreed to cede most of the Terai region, the lands of Sikkim, Kumaon, Garhwal and Kangra to the British through the Treaty of Sugauli (Sugauli Sandhi), which was signed on 4 March 1816. After the Anglo-British war of 1865, the British appropriated the lands that are today known as Kalimpong and Dooars. Therefore, all the people of Nepali, Sikkimese and Bhutanese origin, who were living in these tracts automatically came under the British and subsequently under India (after the British left), hence the term – 'came with the land.'Q. Were there Gorkhas in Darjeeling region prior to the British coming to India?A.Recorded history shows that the region was inhabited as early as the 9th century. When Guru Padmasambhava had passed through this region in the 9th century, he had established Buddhism in the region – which indicates the presence of people living in the area way, before the British ever landed in Asia.In the Indian context, the word 'Gorkha' is an umbrella term used to identify a varied group of people, as one unified entity, in terms of Darjeeling, communities such as the Róng – Lepchas, the Tsong – Limbus, the Kirat – Rai, the Dukpas and the Magars are the aboriginal/ethnic/native people of the region, who constitute a large chunk of the 'Gorkha' people living in the Darjeeling region. Hence, it can be safely said that the majority of the 'Gorkhas,' who belong to these communities and are living in Darjeeling, ethnic to the region.In addition, other groups of people such as the Gurungs, Thapas, Chettris, Newars, Sunwars, Bahuns, Kamis, Damais, Sarkis, Bhutias, Thamis etc., came to the region following subsequent wars. For instance, the establishment of the Kingdom of Sikkim in 1642 brought in a large Bhutia population from Tibet and Bhutan into the region. Similarly, the Nepali incursions starting from as early as 1700s brought many present day Nepalis to the region. Hence, it can be safely concurred that the 'Gorkha' presence far supersedes the British arrival in the region.Q. What historical claims does West Bengal have over the Darjeeling-Dooars region?A.Ironically None! There is no shared history between the Darjeeling-Dooars region, and the rest of West Bengal till the year 1935. The only common thread that connects Darjeeling and the rest of Bengal prior to 1935 is that they shared a common Governor (for administrative ease).It is interesting to note that following the partition of Bengal in 1905, the administration of Darjeeling was handed over to the Bhagalpur Division in Bihar Presidency between 1905-1907, following which a demand for a separate administrative unit for the Darjeeling-Dooars region (a la Separate State in today's term) was first raised by the Hillmen's Association in 1907, making the demand for a separate state constituting the hills, Terai and Dooars region the oldest demand for statehood in India.The only reason as to why such a demand was not entertained by the British Government, is because the Darjeeling and Dooars region were already declared a "non-regulated area", which meant that the rules and laws developed for the rest of India would not be automatically applicable to the region.Q. Why is Darjeeling a part of West Bengal?A.The Darjeeling region only became a part of West Bengal Presidency in the year 1935, when it was required to send an elected member to the Bengal Legislative Assembly. It was done purely for the then administrative ease, as the British could control the Darjeeling region better from Bengal than from Bhagalpur in Bihar.Q. Why are people in Darjeeling demanding Gorkhaland?A.The demand for a separate administrative unit (separate state in today's term) for the Darjeeling region had started as early as 1907. However, the influx of Bangladeshi refugees starting in 1965 and later state sponsored illegal immigrants from Bangladesh post-1971 for vote bank by subsequent West Bengal governments led to marginalization of the ethnic Gorkha, Kamtapuri and the Rajbanshi communities of the region. The demand for Gorkhaland is a demand to protect the identity, culture, history, traditions and the rich bond of people from Darjeeling region, which they share with their land.Furthermore, the Gorkhas from the Darjeeling region have continued to be labeled by the fascist and state sponsored Bengali organizations such as Bangla O Bangla Bhasa Bachao Samity, Amra Bangali, Jan Jagaran Morcha, Jan Chetna Morcha as illegal immigrants and the demand for Gorkhaland illegal. They have rendered the ethnic Gorkha people as an intruder in his/her own ancestral lands. This has caused widespread socio-economic and political marginalization of the Gorkhas. All these factors have resulted in the Gorkhas being under-represented, stereotyped and communally discriminated in almost all sectors.Moreover, Bengal has always been colonial in its approach to this region. The large revenues collected from Darjeeling region have been used to develop other parts of Bengal, while neglecting even the basic infrastructure in the region.Case in point: the National Highway 55, which used to be the artery connecting the hills of Darjeeling to the rest of India, has been closed due to land slide since 2009 and the West Bengal government has done nothing to rebuild it. Last year alone, there were over 20 malnutrition related death (death due to starvation) reported from the Dooars region and yet the West Bengal government did nothing to alleviate the sufferings of the people in the region.Q. Is the proposed Gorkhaland region economically viable?A.The proposed Gorkhaland region is rich in bio-diversity, scenic views, hydro potentials, tourism, NTFP, Tea and numerous other resources. Darjeeling Tea has been accorded the Geographical Indicator status recently by the WTO, which has caused the price of Darjeeling Tea to double in the world market. The demand for tea from the Dooars region is also at an all time high. Even the most conservative estimates put the revenue potential from tea, tourism and hydro from the proposed Gorkhaland area at over 1600 Crores per annum. It is estimated that the revenues from Tea and Tourism alone will make the proposed Gorkhaland region a revenue surplus state. The revenues collected from hydro development, NTFP, cross-border trades and other resources will make the proposed state of Gorkhaland as one of the most economically vibrant states in India.Q. Is the demand for Gorkhaland illegal?A. No, to demand for a separate state is the democratic right of every Indian citizen, and the formation of new states is enshrined in our constitution.Article 3 of the Indian constitution specifically deals with the issues regarding the formation of new states:Article 3. Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States—Parliament may by law—(a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State;(b) increase the area of any State;(c) diminish the area of any State;(d) alter the boundaries of any State;(e) alter the name of any State:Hence, the demand for Gorkhaland is a legitimate demand.Q. Why is West Bengal opposed to the formation of Gorkhaland?A. The state of West Bengal is one of the most economically backward states in India. Even though, it is the 5th largest in terms of its size, but due to the high debt burden of over Rs. 2.5 lakh Crores, West Bengal is practically bankrupt and is highly dependent on the Central Government and the revenues generated from the proposed Gorkhaland region for its sustenance and economic survival. A conservative estimate indicated that if the proposed Gorkhaland state is formed, West Bengal is expected to lose over 40% of its revenue stream.So despite all the rhetoric stating, "Darjeeling is Bengal's Abhinno Aanga," Bengal is scared of loosing its hen, which is currently laying the golden eggs. It is scared of losing the cash cow that has continued to discount the development of Bengal's other regions over and over since independence.Further, Bengal has always held a parochial, colonial and discriminatory attitude towards the proposed Gorkhaland region and continues to do so. Late. Subash Chakraborty a Minister in the CPI(M) Government had said to the Gorkhas "khetey diyechi, sutey chai?" [Meaning: "we have given you food to eat, now you want a space to sleep?"] Hinting that the Bengalis have been benevolent towards the Gorkhas in allowing the Gorkhas to live in Bengal, while ungraciously ignoring the fact that the Gorkhas are ethnic to the land. Similarly, many Bengali scholars [such as Sumanta Sen of The Telegraph] and politicians [such as Dr. Mukund Majumdar and Mr. Ashok Bhattacharjee] continue to call the ethnic Gorkhas foreigners and intruders, which gives a sense of insecurity amongst the ethnic Gorkhas – thus, the demand for Gorkhaland.Compiled by Upendra Mani Pradhan, Meri News

Hi all,I am not into the rankings of our Indian Languages. Telugu is my mother tongue. I would like to give my opinion on why Telugu language is falling from grace even among Telugu speaking people.First point with English Medium schools gaining preference among the people, Telugu language started become an option.Second point ,over the years with phenomenal increase competition attitude in school and intermediate education in Telugu speaking states. Telugu language just became a subject to score marks rather than learning and understanding the beauty of the language.Third point, it may hurt some of the NRI Telugu families but I don't care because it is the truth. People settled in foreign countries whose kids are born and brought up there ,they speak accent Telugu or no Telugu at all. Parents and Grand Parents of these kids feel proud that they speak only English and understand basic Telugu that's all. That's a shame, parents and grandparents of these kids never make effort to make their kids or grand children learn Telugu language by telling them and making them read stories of some great literature works for kids. These parents have time to make kids understand Dora or kids animation show but not Telugu cartoons(the least they can do but they won't)This is one of the reason why Chandamama has shutdown all languages across India.Some simple solutions are their to increase the importance of Telugu language across next generationsNow days to make kids eat their food, parents are allowing kids to play games in Smart Phones ,Tabs or iPad etc..,and these so called great parents can put a condition that only if you watch or learn telugu then only I will allow you play games.Make kids read at least some Telugu words daily. Keep them informed some of great Telugu literature works in kids education like Vemana Padyalu ,Bapu Ramana's Budugu etc..The thoughts i have I shared hereWant to share my experience here along with this answer.An year back I visited Visalandhra Book House in Vijayawada, I went their I asked the shop keeper for a Telugu book written by my uncle “Idam Kautilyam” book name. The shop keeper was smiling with happiness,and said sir it's been long since a person of your age group coming and asking for a Telugu book. He also said, previously we used to only sell Telugu books in our shop, as Telugu literature works weren't getting sold much, we had to start selling English books much against our wishesMy only advise to all Telugu speaking people, daily at least for some 10 minutes make an effort to read some Telugu literature. Now days we have apps, there is on app called “pratilipi” in Google play store which has some Telugu literature worksIf we people don't make an effort to save Telugu language and Telugu literature not falling to 4th position ,it will fall further more which is of big shame to us