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FAQs
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Are narcissists here on the planet for some spiritual reason we may not know yet? Are they meant to make us appreciate the good
Everybody has their own unique reason and purpose, we are are all unique. This is not like a group of people would be made miserable for us to learn anything. That would be a horrible thing if somebody would be forced to be ill or miserable to teach other people. People become ill or damaged because of the imperfection of our world.We are all here to explore and find who we are. Narcissist don’t know who they are. They real self was imprisoned by their false self. Their defence mechanism took over the real self. If anything…I think their purpose might be to free their self and find out who they really are. But that would still be a generalisation and would not work for all people with NPD. What they can teach us? They can teach us how it’s important to love your children and be kind to them so they don’t end up with a personality disorder. They can teach us that we still have to work to improve the world and find a way to help all people, including those with NPD. During our life path we can meet many different people that can give us a personal lesson. But this always works both ways. You learn something from the interaction with the person and they learn something too. This is never one sided.How we see the world is mainly defined by what we have inside. If you have unconditional love and compassion inside you, you won’t see the world as cold and indifferent place. Of course we are just humans and when we are hurt, abused, unhappy, ill, miserable, we might have no love inside or our love is very far from unconditional. I believe that the emptiness narcissists experience is caused by lack of love. They have no love for themselves and for others. Emptiness is lack, something that is missing. Idealization is not love. Love is compassionate.There's is an interesting spiritual idea that states that our souls choose the lessons they have to learn during each lifetime. According to the idea we all chose our hardships ourselves and we do this for our own soul evolution. But then of course while inside our physical bodies we don’t remember anything outside of this certain lifetime. But in-between lifetimes we must have the ability to remember all our experiences, otherwise it would be pointless. I don’t know if I believe in this, I’m rather an agnostic by nature, which means I see multiple possibilities and I can accept some of them unless I have a good proof that it can’t be true. But I do like the idea. It gives a hope that even those of us who never got a chance to live a happy and fulfilling life (and, unfortunately, there are millions of such people) don’t disappear in eternity and continue their path somewhere else.
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Are narcissists acting from a more reptilian part of the brain?
Mandi, hello, thanks for your A2A.Due to their singular focus and one track mindedness, narcissists, at times, seem more reptilian than mammalian in nature.The Reptilian/Primitive BrainReptiles live instinctually from moment to moment. Whenever a reptile's instinctual drive pings its primitive reptilian brain, the reptile engages in whatever behavior the ping kicks off.The totality of the reptile's "brain power" is devoted to a reptiles fulfilling its primal base level functions such as.....•eating•drinking•procreating•turf protectingThe reptile never thinks let alone -- reflects on its behavior. Reptiles are in essence automatons with a heart and a nervous system. Reptiles do not think, they just do ---Reptilian Behavioral CharacteristicsReptiles.....•are driven by instinct•live moment to moment•do not indulge in executive functions/complex thinking•are formidable predators•devote virtually all their life energy to the fulfillment of their primal-basic needsIn many ways just as the reptilian brain provides the requisite brain power for reptiles to fulfill their instinctual primal needs, the narcissist similarly engages the reptilian portion of his or her brain regarding the fulfillment of the narcissist's base functions.For lack of a more suitable descriptor, a narcissist's behavior could aptly be designated "narctilian" in nature.Many Narcissists Seemingly Have Reptilian BehaviorsOne reason why some narcissists strike me as having some kind of kinship or connection with reptiles concerns how reptiles devote virtually all of their energy doing what reptiles do best-- predation and procreation.The Narcissist's Preoccupation with Attention ProcurementThe narcissist is not inclined to partake in activities that are not related to his or her be all and end all preoccupation with --- getting a adrenaline high during the pursuit and capture of self-esteem regulating supply, also known as ---attention.In other words, just as reptiles live from moment to moment in order to be fulfill their instinctual drives, narcissists seem to be perpetually on autopilot and virtually all of their life energy is focused on and devoted to supply procurement.Attention is as Important to Narcissists as Oxygen is as Integral to NTs SurvivalIt may be hard for neurotypicals (NTs) to appreciate how all encompassing obtaining attention is to a narcissist. Suffice it to say that supply is as important to narcissists as oxygen is to NTs.Narcissist's are not inclined to emphasize this aspect of their reality as they likely believe such information would somehow be a sign of...•vulnerability•weakness•emotional dependenceReptiles.....•are driven by instinct•live moment to moment•do not indulge executive functions/complex thinking•devote virtually all their life energy to the fulfillment of their primal needs•are Mother Nature's apex predators•prominent features of disposition and demeanor are…••jet black lifeless eyes••a malevolent deadpan look••a deep penetrating stare••muted facial expressions without the slightest hint of animation"Narctiles" too are formidable "supply procurement predators." Once either a shiny object or a prospective signNow other (ProSO) enters the narctile's field of vision, the narctilian brain kicks off a procurement protocol which is manifested by the narctile's penetrating stare."Narctilian" Behavioral CharacteristicsThe narctile.....•puts a premium on not wasting an iota of emotional energy on activities unrelated to attention procurement•is perpetually on “auto-pilot”•lives solely “in the now” — from moment to moment•does not consider desisting from engaging in reckless behaviors that had previously caused signNow wreckage•does not consider future consequences before impulsively acting out.•instant gratification trumps all other considerations•does not consider the emotions and feelings of others before doing whatever whenever•does not consider ethical implications of his or her actions•does not consider issues pertaining to moralityNarctililian Adages on Right Living•"If it feels good, do it!"•"It's a dog eat dog world -- so get as much as you can, as fast as you can."•"The ends justify the means"•"I was screwed over and abused so why should I not inflict the same damage my SO?"•"I take Nike's attitude when it comes to my hurting a SO who has been nothing but good to me -- I just do it."•"My misery loves my SO's company."•"If you need to make a splash to get ahead, who cares if people drown in the process -- poor suckers were in the wrong place at the wrong time!"•"Winning is not everything -- aside from exerting power and control, it's the only thing!"•"True happiness is found on the Dark Triad side of life."•"When it comes to the fulfillment of my needs--- I do so by any means necessary."The Narctile's Primary Life DirectiveThe Narctile does what he or she wants whenever the narctile wants to do it with whomever the narctile want to do it with.If a SO does anything that intrudes on the aforementioned directive, the narctile will deem the SO as being all bad.Thereafter, the SO will be summarily dispatched from the narctile's reality regardless of a history that speaks to a SO not only doing only good by the narctile but also (regardless of inconvenience or hardship) never forsaking the narctile.ConclusionBoth the reptile and narcissist appear to rely on their reptilian primitive brains when it comes it comes to fulfilling base life functions.•Anecdotal evidence supports the contention that the narcissist does not engage in complex thinking that is associated with one's prefrontal cortex.•Just as a snakes have no feelings or complex thoughts relating to the mouse it strangles and then devours, the narctile apparently does not have sentiments or thoughts akin to.....••"Maybe I should not have hooked up with my SO's good friend because on some level it's immoral. Come to think of it if my SO did that to me I would be devastated."••"I think I had an ethical lapse when I told my SO I was loyal to one SO at a time while in reality I was really sucking up to five different prospective SOs in order to see who would give me the best deal."••"If I am honest with myself, maybe it's wrong to pathologically lie to someone at every turn. If I knew somebody lied to me as much as I lie to my loved ones, I would feel like sh*t. Come to think of it , my sh*tty behavior lacks any semblance of integrity or right action. Perhaps, it would behoove me treat others the way I expect to be treated."••"Come to think of it, it was really cold of me to never have thanked my SO for giving me that really nice heartfelt gift which I pawned a few days later. Just thinking about my frighteningly callous behavior makes me feel a really terrible blend of negative emotions."••"I always cognitively knew that what I did behind my SO's back was wrong. Worse yet rather rather than own up to my cowardly and immoral actions, I simply picked a fight with my SO in order to foist the blame for my despicable and deplorable behavior on him or her.Now I am awash in guilt as well as thoughts about my lack of conscience and immoral behavior. I think I better try to do right by him or her because I know there is such a thing as karma so as of this moment I am basically f**ked."
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Was Anne Boleyn actually adulterous or was it all lies spread by Henry VIII in order to get rid of her?
In any court, the jury needs to look at the charges against the defendant, witness testimonies are needed and for a conviction proof beyond reasonable doubt is needed. The defence will try to point out flaws in any witness testimony eg How can you absolutely certain that that was the time? Did you conveniently happen to look at your watch just then?The ChargesAnne Boleyn, Queen of England and second wife of Henry VIII, was accused of treason under statute 26 (Henry VIII c.13), a statute which had actually been brought into force to protect her and her daughter, the future Elizabeth I and al...
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Who was the greater warrior in Mahabharat, Karna or Bhishma Pitamah?
Karna’s achievements were better than Bhishma and Drona. Please refer Karna Parva book. Also, even when Arjuna didn’t attack Bhishma furiously, Bhishma could not cause much damage do Pandavas. Bhisma had no clue to counter Arjuna’s Aindra weapon. Karna clearly countered Aindra and other astras of Arjuna.1) Section 90 of Karna Parva:"Then Karna, with a number of whetted shafts endued with great energy, cut off the string of Arjuna's bow. Similarly he cut off the second string, and then the third, and then the fourth, and then the fifth. The sixth also was cut off by Vrisha, and then the seventh, then the eighth, then the ninth, then the tenth, and then at last the eleventh."KARNA CUTTING OFF ARJUNA'S GANDIVA STRINGS 11 TIMES CONSECUTIVELY. This was a feat which none had achieved. Neither Bhishma nor Drona.2) Section 146 of Drona Parva, Krishna says "For the present, O Partha, it is not proper for thee to fight with Karna.The latter hath with him the blazing dart, like a fierce meteor, that Vasava gave him. O slayer of hostile heroes,he hath kept it for thy sake, worshipping it with reverence." (Fine, that was a normal situation, Krishna stopped Arjuna to fight, that's fine)But again, in Section 173 of Drona Parva,Krishna says "I do not, however, O sinless one,regard the time to have come, O mighty-armed one,for thee to encounter the Suta's son in battle. The blazing dart, resembling a mighty meteor, given himby Vasava, is still with him, O thou of mighty arms, kept for thee with care,by the Suta's son. He keepeth that dart by him, and hath now assumed a terribleform."(This was unacceptable since Karna was smashing away everyone and Yudhishthira was panicking)3) Section 182 of Drona Parva,When Dhritarashtra (enquiring Sanjaya) and Satyaki (enquiring Krishna) regarding - Despite every night Karna and Kauravas discussed the usage of Indra’s dart (which Karna had for the sole purpose of killing Arjuna), why he did not use it against Arjuna during the brief encounters they faced in the 6 days, for which Krishna says“'Karna having assented to this, saying 'So be it' (the desire of) slaughtering the wielder of Gandiva, O bull amongst the Sinis, was ever present in Karna's heart. “””I, however, O foremost of warriors, always used to stupefy the son of Radha”””. It was for this that he did not hurl the dart at Pandu's son, owning white steeds.”Thus, Krishna not only prevented Arjuna from facing Karna, Krishna created illusions on all the 6 days on everyone of Kuru army (especially Karna) to forget the usage of Indra’s dart. (Despite every night Karna and others debated to use it on Arjuna, they still forgot due to Krishna.4) Section 180 of Drona Parva,Krishna says “When his car-wheels will sink in the earth, availing thyself of that opportunity, thou shouldst slay him in that distressful situation. I will make thee a sign beforehand. Warned by it, thou shouldst act. The vanquisher of Vala himself, that foremost of heroes, wielding his thunder, is incapable of slaying the invincible Karna while the latter stands weapon in hand.”Krishna knew that Arjuna could never defeat Karna in a fair fight in the Kurukshetra War and had already given the hint to Arjuna that that was the only way Arjuna could ever defeat Karna as per the above point.5) Section 124 of Bhishma Parva,Bhishma said this when Karna met him with tears, “I know thy prowess in battle, which can with difficulty be borne on earth by foes! I know also thy regard for Brahmanas. thy courage, and thy great attachment to alms-giving! O thou that resemblest a very god, amongst men thereis none like thee! For fear of intestine dissensions I always spoke harsh words about thee. In bowmanship, in aiming weapon, in lightness of hand and in strength of weapons, thou art equal to Phalguni (Arjuna) himself, or the high-souled Krishna! O Karna, proceeding to the city of Kasi, alone with thy bow, thou hadst crushed the kings in battle for procuring a bride for the Kuru king! The mighty and invincible king Jarasandha also, ever boastful of his prowess inbattle, could not become thy match in fight! Thou art devoted to Brahmanas; thou always fightest fairly! In energy and strength, thou art equal to a child of the celestials and certainly much superior to men. The wrath I cherished against thee is gone.”A proof that Karna helped Duryodhana in marrying Banumathi by fighting with other kings which included Jarasandha too and Karna defeated everyone - for Duryodhana.6) Section 252 and Section 253 of book 3,Again, for Duryodhana, Karna conquered the entire India, conducted Vaishnava sacrifice and made Duryodhana the emperor!7) 5th and 6th points clearly establish that Karna cared for Duryodhana and it was not just about killing Arjuna. We never went to their palace and witnessed how they cared for each other. It is ridiculous to say that both maintained their friendship forindividual aspiration or mutual ambition or something. As per Section 92 of Karna Parva, Duryodhana wept badly, lost senses when Karna died. (There are also a lot of instances in Karna Parva when Karna gave priority for Duryodhana rather than his personal fight / rivalries with the enemies)8) Section 180 of Drona Parva, Krishna says“Devoted to Brahmanas, truthful in speech, engaged in penances, observant of vows, kind even unto foes, for these reasons Karna is called Vrisha.”9) Section 49 of Karna Parva,“Then Salya addressed him, and said, “Do not, O Karna, seize this best of kings. As soon as thou seizes him, he will reduce both thee and me to ashes.”The reason why Karna did not seize Yudhishtira.(In the same parva, before this section, you can find that Duryodhana wanted either Yudhisthira seized or Arjuna slain (Section 36 of Karna Parva). I am not able to find in which Parva I read that Yudhisthira should not be killed since if that happened, Arjuna would destroy everyone in anger – told by Duryodhana.)10) Section 66 of Karna Parva,Yudhisthira told that he never had a wink of sleep for 13 years due to fear of Karna.I don’t have patience to search in which parva it is mentioned that Yudhisthira feared Karna more than Bhishma and Drona. But section 66 of Karna Parva proves it.11) Section 3 of Santi Parva,"Unto the cheerless and trembling Karna, prostrated with joined hands upon earth, that foremost one of Bhrigu's race,smiling though filled with wrath, answered, 'Since thou hast, from avarice of weapons, behaved here with falsehood, therefore, O wretch, this Brahma weapon shalt not dwell in thy remembrance 1. Since thou art not a Brahmana, truly this Brahma weapon shall not, up to the time of thy death, dwell in thee when thous halt be engaged with a warrior equal to thyself! 2 Go hence, this is no place for a person of such false behaviour as thou! On earth, no Kshatriya will bethy equal in battle.' Thus addressed by Rama, Karna came away, having duty taken his leave."Thus, from the above, you can observe that Parashuram told Karna in a gentle way that his Brahmastra alone would be forgotten when he faced a "warrior equal to his prowess" and also said "On earth,no Kshatriya will be thy equal in battle". Despite cursing, he counterpraised Karna.12) Section 90 of Karna Parva,“when the hour of Karna’s death came, the high Brahma weapon that the illustrious Bhargava had imparted unto him, escaped from his memory”In the same section 90, if you read further, you canfind the statement as below“Trembling at the shock, Karna then displayed his activity to the utmost of his power. Steadying himself by a powerful effort he invoked the Brahma weapon”Thus, Karna used Brahmastra despite forgetting. Becauseof Parashuram’s counter praising that no Kshatriya would be Karna’s equal.PS: He used it thrice against Arjuna (Section 89, Section 90 after forgetting for a moment, and again in Section 91) Thus, Karna made the praise of his Guru truthful by invoking Brahmastra 3 times and proved his Guru’s fact that that Karna was a better warrior than Arjuna, if they were by any means equal, Karna could have never used Brahmastra even once!13) Section 46 of Drona Parva,"The preceptor then, slowly and with a smile,said unto Karna, 'Abhimanyu is young, his prowess is great. His coat of mail is impenetrable. This one's father had been taught by me the method of wearing defensive armour. This subjugator of hostile towns assuredly knoweth the entires cience (of wearing armour)'."A fact that Abhimanyu wore defensive armour.Again, below is a proof on Section 38 of DronaParva,“Though afflicted in battle by Radha's son withshowers of weapons, still Subhadra's son who resembled a very celestial (forprowess) felt no pain.”My point is, degree of hardness varies, property and behavior of armour varies when comparison is made for normal armour and defensive impenetrable armour. For your info, when someone pierced an opponent with fierce shafts, the armour would fall down or get shattered into pieces byunable to withstand the impact of arrows. (As what happened when Karna shattered Yudhisthira’s armour to powder / pieces and as how Arjuna shattered Karna’s armour into powder / pieces and finally, the dress or skin would be exposed when the armour fell down. But that was not the case with Abhimanyu. He felt no pain and was able to fight without any problem.As per Section 180 of Drona Parva, Karna’s natural born armour was literally impiercable. Not even Sudharshana chakra or any astra could harm Karna if he possessed his natural armour forever.Degree of hardness of armours:Karna’s natural born (Not even piercable) > Abhimanyu’s defensive armour (Can be pierced but cannot be shattered into small pieces and cannot make the armour fall down from the body. Also there won’t be any pain despite getting pierced) > Normal armours (Can be shattered into minute pieces)I am not sure of the hardness of Duryodhana’s impenetrable armour which he wore at the end. I guess it is stronger than Abhimanyu’s but weaker than Karna’s natural armour.14) Karna used Pasupata astra. Proof – Section 60 of Karna ParvaKrishna says “Yonder Karna urges forward the mighty car-warriors of the Dhartarashtras towards the son of Pritha with the weaponscalled Sthunakarna, Indrasjaha and Pasupata, and with clubs and other weapons.”15) Section 56 of Karna parva -“Indeed, neither Bhishma, nor Drona, nor any other warrior of thy army had ever achieved such feats as were then achieved by Karna in that battle.”16) Around section 36 to section 46, Salya would constantly scold Karna and constantly praise Arjuna. Karna couldn’t bear the scolding and thought of even getting down the chariot. Salya scolded Karna as per the plan of Yudhisthira. (Udyoga Parva - Section 18 - Yudhisthira, advised Salya to scold badly. And in Karna Parva, it’s clearyly mentioned that Salya would even get permission in the beginning itself that he could say whatever he want but Karna should not mind it). Seriously - 10 sections of scoldings on Karna?? (Kudutha kaasuku melayae pesitaan Salya!)17) Section 87 of Karna Parva -Imagine Krishna’s and Arjuna’s reaction - when they finally see Salya and Karna on the opposite, Salya says “If, O Karna, the white steeded Arjuna slays thee in battle to-day, I myself, on a single car, will slay both Madhava and Phalguna.” Just imagine the reaction of them - actually Yudhisthira sent Salya to scold Karna, the reverse happened. (Salya was transformed slowly by Karna’s lightness of hands, in releasing huge number of arrows per second,etc. when you read the Parva, you would know how slowly Salya stopped scolding after initially scolding Karna for some 10 sections of the Parva and became a fan of Karna at the end)18) In Section 90, Again Krishna helped Arjuna by lowering the chariot when Karna used the infallible and irresistible Nagastra (The weapon he greased, oiled, worshipped and maintained for many years for killing Arjuna) and a snake would enter after Karna takes that weapon. Whether the snake entered or not entered, the Nagastra which he clearly protected for many years for killing Arjuna, would have surely killed Arjuna. (Refer Karna Parva) (Because Nagastra is infallible and irresistable)19) Bhishma and Drona were convinced that they could never defeat Arjuna and co. At least Bhishma tried faintly but Drona did not even try to defeat Arjuna and co. Arjuna used Indra astra on in the presence of Bhishma and made a blood river to flow in Kurukshetra with a heavy slaughter. Bhishma could not or did not counter and just looked angry at Arjuna. Seriously?!!! Drona - on the other hand, tried to send away Arjuna so that without Arjuna, he could seize Yudhisthira. (Finally he couldn’t seize Yudhisthira despite Arjuna went away for 2 days) (Read Bhishma Parva and Drona Parva by pressing “CTRL+F” of Arjuna. And during the encounters with Arjuna, they both never had any advantage or upper hand over Arjuna.20) The duty of a captain is to bring the team together and not create a rift in the team. Bhishma rated Karna as half a rathi when he was actually a Maharathi warrior (That too equal to 2 Maharathi warriors). Drona sided with Bhishma and rated Karna as half a rathi! I mean, being a captain and vice captain, why did they wanna destabilize a person’s manhood / bravery by degrading the person with false lies / false certificate? Is this right? So, Karna told that he would not fight as long as Bhishma fought! Bhishma gladly accepted it. (Finally, Karna outshined both Bhishma and Drona with a very huge fashion as per my above and below points - that too he fought for just 7 days against Bhishma of 10 days and Drona of 16 days) I judge a person’s character by his actions and not speech. This is a lack of maturity by both Bhishma and Drona and an unacceptable behaviour.21) Again, Bhishma’s and Drona’s failure to accomplish their oaths - As I said, I judge a person’s character by his actions and not words. If they could able to take an oath and stand by it, why couldn’t they give their best or at least try to their best? I agree Arjuna was better than them both but did they even had any shot at killing the 5 Pandavas. Thus, their character and attitude - I again rate below Karna.22) Karna fought with Rakshasa Ghatodgaja at dead night, I mean, none could have ever achieved that feat - super human achievement it was. Alone, single handed, without the help of Drona or Kripa or Ashwattama, he repeatedly defeated Ghatodgaja. Every time that Rakshasa was defeated, every time the Rakshasa used severe illusions and tricks along with more and more prowess. Entire men were astonished, Pandavas and allies watched the show with astonishment without blinking their eyes whereas Kauravas were literally terrified with fear and crying “Everything is gone, everything is gone”. Karna never displayed even slightest of fear. He killed the Rakshasa after repeatedly defeating it.23) Karna had a real shot or upper hand at killing Arjuna unlike Bhishma and Drona. Karna clearly countered Arjuna’s Indra astra by using Bhargavastra! Did Bhishma? Nope. Heavy slaughter happened to Kauravas due to Arjuna’s Indra astra and it caused a blood river flow in the presence of Bhishma. Karna routed the Pandavas, Panchalas along with all allies by entering into the middle and attacked them with all Celestial Divya astras! Broke the armour of Yudhisthira. He used Brahma astra, Bhargavastra, Pasupata astra and diverse celestial astras so that he could finally have an encounter with Arjuna. And he invoked Brahmastra 3 times against Arjuna by proving that no Kshatriya could ever be Karna’s equal by breaking Parashuram’s curse. Apart from Brahma astra, he also used Vayavya, Varuna astra (to counter Arjuna’s Agneyastra and as a result of excess Varuna astra - his wheel sank in the slushy earth) and used diverse celestial weapons wisely not only against Arjuna but also against entire enemies when he became the captain and shouldered up the responsibility.24) Karna broke 11 strings of Arjuna’s Gandiva - Did Bhishma and Drona break a single string?25) Karna had a real shot at killing all the 4 Pandavas but let them go away as per the promise to Kunti. Did Bhishma and Drona have any chance to kill 4 Pandavas or did they even create any chance to kill them? When Karna had a real chance at all the 4 Pandavas, did Bhishma and Drona have any chance at killing even a single Pandava?26) (Section 91 of Karna Parva) Even when Karna’s wheel sunk badly and his car tilted badly, Karna had a real shot at killing Arjuna when he made Arjuna lose his Gandiva from his hand’s grasp for the first time ever (An unimaginable feat). Arjuna trembled like a mountain in an earthquake, Gandiva fell down but Karna did not kill Arjuna. He took the time gap to retrieve the sunken wheel. Did Bhishma and Drona accomplish any of the above points?27) But why I like Karna is, unlike Bhishma and Drona, he fought by keeping his words. He assured Duryodhana that he would kill Arjuna and he fought for it and had a real chance when he made Arjuna lose his grasp on Gandiva by making it fall. Also he possessed Indra’s dart and the infallible Nagastra (Krishna lowered the chariot and saved Arjuna from certain death). He promised Kunti that he would not kill the other 4 Pandavas and he kept his words by letting them go (Refer Karna Parva) He didn't kill those 4 Pandavas though he had the chances, due to his promise to Kunti.28) My personal opinion is, I rate everyone as good, but extremely exceptional and best - I rate Karna and Arjuna. Not even Bhishma or Drona. They both never had any upper hand against Arjuna. Also, though their wisdom was high, they lacked street smart attitude. (Please don’t say they were compassionate and affectionate with Arjuna, that’s why they could not defeat Arjuna, that’s an utter false statement if someone says. It was actually Arjuna who felt affectionate and could not attack Bhishma and Drona. Even then they both could never have any upper hand over Arjuna. And they themselves repeatedly agreed that they could never have any upper hand over Arjuna.)29) Finally, regarding other points,A) I beg to differ regarding Karna calling Draupadi a whore. Karna laughed and teased / scolded Draupadi and Pandavas in Sabha Parva, I clearly read that Parva by using “ctrl+f” Karna. No where Karna called Draupadi a whore. He was left to shame in public in Draupadi’s Swayamwara when Draupadi told him she would not marry a Suta when Karna was exactly aiming for the fish target. (A feat which only Arjuna had accomplished in lifting and stringing that bow when every other king failed).She also teased Duryodhana that he was also a blind just like his father, which I don’t think she should have told such that others could hear. Thinking in mind is fine (not sure) but teasing an emperor along with the son (Karna’s best friend) and that to be heard by others, that’s definitely wrong. I am not defending Karna but I feel that any normal human being would have a grudge against Draupadi if he had been in Karna’s position in the above two circumstances. Thus he laughed at both Pandavas and Draupadi and gave insults but never he called her a whore!!! I clearly read the entire parva. Then what about Arjuna deciding to kill Yudhisthira in anger in section 69 of Karna Parva. It’s all human emotions. I don’t defend Karna’s actions as well as Arjuna’s behaviour to kill Yudhisthira. But these don’t determine the character of a person. Does it mean Arjuna is bad? Nope. These are clear emotions which get released in the form of words or behaviour.B) Regarding Karna donated everything so that he could get punya to defeat Arjuna, that’s a big joke. Again I used ctrl+f in Ashwamedha parva. Never he told such. Prove me by saying the section number.C) In Draupadi’s Swayamvara, the fight between Karna and Arjuna were close and equal. None had any upper hand. PS: I read it. Karna would be shocked when he heard the Brahmana (Arjuna) saying that he knew Brahma astra (Since Karna did not know that at that time). But the fight between them and their verdict - they were both equal.30) Epilogue:Regarding Mahabharatha itself, what we actually have is Vaisampayana's and not Jaimini's. They both were disciples of sage Vyasa and as per their profile and resume / Curriculum vitae, I prefer Jaimini over Vaisampayana. Jaimini's Mahabharatha was not supportive of Pandavas and not supportive of Kauravas. His writing was neutral. Sadly, his Mahabharatha was lost and only bits and pieces are available and considerable portion of Ashwamedha Parva. In Jaimini's Ashwamedha Parva, during Arjuna's conquests, even Arjuna could not defeat a demon. Bhima too. But that demon was defeated by Vrishaketu (Karna's son - whom Arjuna brought up affectionately as his own son). When that demon enquired his identity, Vrishaketu replied that he was the grandson of Surya and son of Karna. He was one of the last human beings to have known the knowledge of celestial weapons.My point is, under the name of Vaisampayana, lot of interpolations and manipulations have occurred in many ancient years by many writers / sages, which is clearly acknowledged by many researchers. Karna had two sons as per Jaimini, but in Vaisampayana's Mahabharatha, it was like 7 to 8 sons. Seriously, how can I accept this. And Vaisampayana never mentioned in Ashwamedha Parva that the demon which even Arjuna could not defeat, it was defeated by Karna's son. Also, Karna’s wife committed Sati after his death. Alas, not even told in our Vaisampayana Mahabharat. Also it was not mentioned who performed his last rites. Vaisampayana was a good writer and also the other sages / writers who interpolated the Mahabharat by using Vaisampayana’s name but I feel Jaimini’s neutral epic with equal weightage to everyone in Mahabharat would have been the best to be read.I am not a hater of Pandavas; I even like the way Vaisampayana has written Vyasa’s Mahabharat with respect to Dharma, philosophy, ancient Gods, sequences, etc. BUT, what i can’t accept is the weightage he’s shown towards Pandavas dharamas and less number of pages for Kauravas and Karna - I can’t accept that. Let any author write it neutrally with equal weightage and as a reader, let me decide what is good and what is bad and let me choose whom I like and whom I don’t like. And you were telling some times that Sanjaya said this, that, and Sanjaya might have been biased, etc. but remember that it’s Vaisampayana the Kingmaker of this epic and not Sanjaya! No one else. (If Vaisampayana can introduce 6 new sons of Karna in the war suddenly out of thin air, then anything is possible) (Contrary to Jaimini’s 2 sons of Karna). Thus, I feel little suspicious towards Pandavas and little sympathy and admiration towards Duryodhana and co. That’s it. In those days, for a king to accept a low caste as a friend and giving a kingdom instantly (Anga to Karna), that was an unimaginable feat! (I don’t care about selfish moto or whatever, none during those times would have that kind of broad mindedness, that’s my point). That temple in Kerala - you listen to the village tribe story in that temple village. They worship Duryodhana because, in that area during those times, those tribes were not supposed to give food or water to high class Kshatriyas, but Duryodhana got water from them and they were shocked to find out that Duryodhana was actually the emperor and asked for forgiveness. But Duryodhana smiled and told them that any human who brings water to a thirst man and he would not differentiate or degrade someone with caste at that moment and then he prayed to Gods that that particular tribe should not face any evil problems. The location where he prayed - they built temple for him! (Other minor deities are his wife Bhanumathi and few others). I don’t try to make ends meet or balance something or justify something. My point is, lot of emphasis on Pandavas’ dharma was there but not much weightage to anyone in Kauravas including Karna. Simple. And again I say, Thus, I feel littleeee suspicious towards Pandavas (Including Vaisampayana and other interpolators and manipulators of this epic under the same name called Vaisampayana) and little sympathy and admiration towards Duryodhana, Karna and co. That’s it.(Though I'm already convinced by our Vaisampayana's writing itself that Karna was the greatest, imagine how much happy I would be if I read a copy of Jaimini which was a neutral epic and not entirely supportive of Pandavas)
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What are the most effective ways to increase work in procurement teams?
If you’re looking to boost morale and transaction throughput, then making the team feel like they’re contributing to the company and what they do matters works best. Awards, even if they’re just recognition, are great.Keep track of team statistics so their accomplishments are visible to everyone especially management.If you’re looking for the team to play a bigger part and take on more work, then speaking with department managers about what the team can offer and being part of more meetings about supply chain issues for all departments is key.
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Is it true Hawaii was an independent, native-owned nation, until America destroyed it? White immigrants stripped the power from
To be more specific, Hawaii was an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean that was already inhabited by a group of seagoing indigenous people from the Pacific when Capt. James Cook happened to stumble into them in the late 18th century. Capt. James Cook and the crew of his ships were British subjects and the ships were flying under the British flag when they went into the harbor at Waimea, Kauai in 1778. His journeys of exploration after his initial contact in Kauai took him to Alaska but he returned to Hawaii Island’s Kealakekua. He was killed there for being an overbearing, insufferable jerk during Makahiki, an annual observance related to the god Lono. He was attempting to take the king as a hostage at that time.When Captain Cook went to Hawaii, which he unsuccessfully tried to rename the Sandwich Islands, the islands were each ruled by ali’i kings. Kamehameha had not yet unified the islands as one kingdom under his rule. The British were interested, as ever, with empire. The Hawaiians were having none of it and when Cook attempted to take the king of Hawaii Island hostage over a misunderstanding about a boat, they killed him. They honored Cook in death though and trade relations with Britain were eventually established.An interesting side note is that the British considered proselytizing for Christianity in Hawaii, they decided not to. Kamehameha’s faith in the mānā of his traditional beliefs impressed those in Cook’s ship and they decided against sending missionaries to Hawaii. It wasn’t until the US found out about the people in Hawaii that they began to send missionaries from New England.The British had a tie in the door and towards the middle of the 19th century Hawaiian royalty were considering becoming a British protectorate or colony voluntarily. By that time, US interests mainly in sugar plantations and land made sizable economic components of the Kingdom of Hawaii’s economy, sandlewood forests having by then been decimated and the labor force of Hawaiian commoners decimated as well.The second part of your “question” is a statement rather than a question:White immigrants stripped the power from their monarchy, and made a law ensuring that only they had voting rights on the islands to make it part of the USA.No that’s not really how it went down according to available sources and the sequence of events. In fact the Big 5, a group of white American missionaries cum sugar planters, had married into ali’i families. In informal agreement with the US military they plotted and executed a palace coup that deposed Queen Lili’uokalani in ‘Iolani Palace and held her under house arrest. The Americans requested that the US annex Hawaii immediately but the US refused to get officially involved for 5 years. One of the reasons that the Americans decided to overthrow the Hawaiian monarchy was the close relationship Hawaii enjoyed with Great Britain. It is said that King David Kalākua favored Hawaii becoming a British territory over the US. The state flag of Hawaii today still has a Union Jack in its design as a symbol of the relationship. But white immigrants from the US and voting rights ultimately had little to do with the US annexation of Hawaii. It was never put to a vote at that time.The formulation in your question is really simplistic. It fails to take into account many other factors involved in the demise of the Kingdom of Hawaii and the enormous complexity of the era, the decades leading up to World War I, including Japanese desire to have an outpost in the central Pacific Ocean. Immigration of “contract laborers” from China, Japan, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Mexico and several other locations began to impact Hawaii as well. The kānaka maoli had, by that time, been killed off by introduced diseases such as chicken pox, colds, alcoholism, and other diseases against which the Hawaiian people had not developed immunity. Also, the invaders, of multiple races not just white, used the native Hawaiian people as slave labor particularly in the sandlewood forests, a job that killed and crippled many Hawaiian people. King Kalākua wrote letters to other heads of state asking them to send people to Hawaii to work. Of the Japanese people, he said they were a “cognate race” with the Hawaiian people and would be used to rebuild the number of Hawaiians. The impact of immigration of people from many countries and various ethnic and racial backgrounds was a huge element in the overthrow of the monarchy. Real life historical situations are ever so much more complex than a one-factor analysis. And there were many factors involved in the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy.
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What is the dark side of being a model?
HiI have gotten a peek at the industry, through hobbyist modelling.Most professional models enter the industry in their teens - between 13–16.15 year old Laneya Grace; ft. in ‘Wake Me Up’ - Avicii.It is a winner-take-all market.They are independent contract workers, not employees and thus miss out on certain benefits and protections.There is a constant influx of young, beautiful girls entering the industry - seniority does not bring privilege for the vast majority.The successful models work internationally and have to relocate frequently. They can be cramped together with other young models in so-called ‘model apartments’.These model apartments are an integral part of the Fashion Industry.In many cases, models say, it's the agencies that rent housing that can rake in as much as five times the market rate.The Model Life - BTSThe industry can be all-consuming — they forget, or are simply unable to maintain their familial bonds, relationships, and education - a lot of these girls do not have an exit-plan for when they age - fade out of the industry!Occupational hazard:Models can get invited to a lot of exclusive parties, since promoters will seek them out and treat them lavishly, as the models are the honeypot — the bees: DJs, musicians, producers and other connected people need a form of currency, as well as trophies, after all…They can get drunk off the attention, status and fawning, as well as the somewhat subtle negative feedback, that keeps them on their toes and in competition with each other. Most of them may even be aware of this, with a mature mindset - yet it is ridiculously hard to keep your head on at all times, especially in a circus environment. It can cause temporary blindness or tunnel vision. Just noise and movement - flashes of vibrant colour. It ends, over and over again. And then it fades.Some get used, abused and discarded all the while being fed a rich diet of gold-flecked brownies. [1]Agencies regulate: If the face is the body, then the body is the mind, and the agent is your paramour.At best: Reminding them that they are part of the team and that the finished product is more than the sum of its parts - it can be art.At worst: Reminding them that they are walking coat-hangers. They are replaceable, flawed and cookie-cutter - acting as blank canvases, where photoshop will erase any sign of their self.Implying that they might get more work if they could somehow lose more wight or outright telling them that they need to lose weight - leading to obsessions with their body and eating disorders.When 19-year-old Swedish model Agnes Hedengård was told by her current agent that she was “too big” for the fashion industry, she was completely shocked. After all, her BMI was 17.5, not only under the fashion standard, but also considered medically underweight. [2]Not properly vetting the people who get to work with these young, exhausted, jet-lagged, sometimes lonely, somewhat impressionable and so, particularly vulnerable group of girls, and boys.Plying them with drugs - molding the muse (the fainting waif, heroin-chic). [3]All the stereotypes are true. They aren't even stereotypes—they're just true. My coworker just got back from the menswear shows in Milan and supposedly one of the big designers passed around a chalice of cocaine at an after-party… You can guess about the partying culture based on the overall vibes from the brand itself, you know? [4]Encouraging romantic, publicity and sexual affairs — for “exposure”.Not hearing them out - dismissing their concerns and problems.Fun fact: Models don’t own their photos. They can get sued for posting paparazzi photos of them on their social media. [5]Financial — The Nature of the BeastShe remembers being told that the rent was so high because the agency knew it would never "make the money back" from some of the other models living there.Only the top-models make a lot of money.They tend to have poor financial literacy - they are young, sometimes drop out of school, party, drugs etc.Instability: they live paycheck to paycheck, most of the jobs don’t pay well, or at all (editorials can be done for exposure).They sometimes need to borrow money in advance and many models end up in debt rather than earn money, but they don’t necessarily have to pay this back. [6]Making matters worse, many of the runway shows Fox appeared in paid only in free clothing. Even when jobs did pay, it took months for her to receive any money — and the paychecks were eaten away by commissions, fees and other expenses owed to her agency. This forced Fox to rely on cash advances from her agency (which typically charge fees of around 5%) to pay for food and other expenses. All of this left her even further in debt. [7]Object & SexualFormer Victoria’s Secret model Kylie Bisutti revealed that her agent told her at age 16 “All models have topless shots”. At that age, girls are so desperate to break into the business, they’ll do things they might be uncomfortable with in order to get a leg up. Especially if they’re being told it’s the “normal” practice by their agents.But the reality is that men and women in the industry are for the most part treated equally badly. We are products and we are sexualized. Photographers, casting directors, and even our own agents become our unsuspecting predators. [8]What looks good on camera, may not translate to real life - this can be particularly true for very skinny models who would look more healthy and feminine with more fat on them - they can lose their lustre.The models who get caught up in live fast-die young lifestyle can speed up their ageing and lose their looks, and thus their career.Flying internationally, going to castings, meeting potentially a new team or lone photographers at weird locations and odd times comes with certain risks.The higher-tier models may get work as escorts for very wealthy men. A few of them may even help procuring younger models…Prodded, primped, moved, positioned, touched… stroked — and worse?In the bigger cities, well-connected individuals networks that will alert to models who are short on cash/need a place…Terry Richardson, Jared Leto have both been accused of very, very disturbing things involving teenagers. Many times. [9]Many of these girls who are assaulted [as models] aren’t older than 15 years old,” she wrote in a Facebook post. “And I stand here to say how ashamed I am of myself for not having had the tools or the resources or guts to stop it…I wouldn’t have even called it a secret,” she said. “It was just sort of common hearsay that this list of photographers were pigs...I had to make the appointments with [these men]. It would make me gag, but I had to do my job or I’d be fired.” [10]Fame and GlamourYou become public property - strangers think it is okay to criticise, compare, dig, obsess, stalk, spread rumours about you. You lose your privacy. [11]You are in more danger. Predators may try to traffic you, or even murder you. [12][13]There is pressure to get touch-ups (plastic surgery e.g. fillers for cheek, chin, upper-eye lift, mild refining of nose etc.), especially for lingery models, as they are still very skinny (camera add pounds), and not many manage to keep their breasts, or shape.Models have also been called out for photoshopping their pics, in some cases to make themselves look even skinnier.THE WINNER:Some of these models may experience special treatment and be shielded from the abuse - I mean it would be terrible if the models who raise to the top started speaking about the abuse they suffered! Such models may include Adriana Lima, Emily Didonato and Christy Turlington. Unfortunately, these models help create the dangerous illusion, perhaps unaware, that the profession and that certain individuals in the industry are safer than they are and that it is industry standard! [14]The secrets of Rocha’s success, and that of the dozens of girls who have come before her, have much less to do with Rocha the person (or the body) than with the social context of an unstable market. There is very little intrinsic value in Rocha’s physique that would set her apart from any number of other similarly built teens. Rather, the social processes that bequeathed cultural value on Rocha reveal how market actors, in the face of uncertainty, make decisions by thinking collectively…Today, this casting director still cannot see what it is about Rocha that makes her a winner. “But now,” he explained, “it doesn’t matter. It doesn’t matter what I think now. Like she is, you know, it right now.” As in the fable of “The Emperor’s New Clothes,” even if one does not believe in the legitimacy of a social order, one obeys its conventions due to the belief or calculated guess that other people find the social order legitimate and will obey. [15]The advent of social media and its impact on the industry and the end of the super-model eraNyane - 1.2M foll., wig business with photographer partner; Ambar Driscoll - 186.6K foll. gf of Caspar Lee a famous YT personality, half-Indian model; Elisabetta Soskic - 21.5K foll., Serbian model and dancer, only 55 photos on her feed as of now.Nataniele Ribeiro, a Brazillian model who fell under my radar almost a decade ago, who was seen as Adriana Limas’ potential successor - has all of 500 followers, as of now. Nataniele Ribeiro (@nanycribeiro) • Instagram photos and videosNepotism, or shortcut through being on/growing up on reality TV: The Hadid sisters, the Delevingne sisters, the Kardashians/Jenners, Hailey Rhode Bieber (5″7), Sofia Richie (5″5), Lilly Rose-Depp (5″3) and Kaia Gerber.Co-occurrence? These girls have been thought as having diluted the prestige of the supermodel title. Some models resent them as they are the top of the food-chain. Some think that they simply lack the charisma, confidence and presence of the original supermodels, such as Linda Evangelista and Gia Carangi.Models who hope to make it big can enter the fashion industry through social media, that is, if they have a big enough, engaged following and a marketable brand that the agency is willing to attach its name to.This means more competition for agency models.Models are encouraged by agencies to manage their social media presence and gain a large amount of followers, which may be less true for the big agencies. Models with more followers may have an edge when it comes to getting work.Unfortunately, all that glitters is not gold. [16]A different take: Rick Ross's answer to What is a model's life like?Footnotes[1] Supermodel Karen Mulder arrested for threatening to attack plastic surgeon [2] Victoria’s Secret Angels Come Forward To Expose Shameful Modeling Industry Secrets[3] 'Heroin chic’ and the tangled legacy of photographer Davide Sorrenti[4] https://www.vice.com/en_uk/artic...[5] The copyright lawsuit accusing Gigi Hadid of posting a paparazzi photo she didn't have the rights to has been thrown out[6] The fashion models struggling with a life of debt[7] The 'model apartment' trap[8] Why Modeling Agencies Suck: 11 Models Reveal Why Having An Agent Is So Overrated – The H Hub[9] Another Woman Has Accused Terry Richardson Accused of Assault[10] Modeling Agencies Enabled Sexual Predators For Years, Former Agent Says[11] Why does Kylie Jenner look a decade older on her 22nd birthday?[12] https://www.quora.com/share/What-has-been-the-craziest-weirdest-and-or-most-disgusting-thing-you-have-ever-either-done-yourself-or-watched-someone-do-to-themselves-or-to-someone-else-9?ch=10&share=d4466b40&srid=9KmJ[13] Why Are Gruesome Photos of a Murdered 17-Year-Old Girl Still All Over Instagram?[14] Christy Turlington: fashion industry is 'surrounded by predators' [15] The last word: What makes supermodel Coco Rocha hot?[16] Ashley Mears' "Pricing Beauty": What a sociologist learned by moonlighting as a fashion model.
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Who is the greatest among Karna, Arjuna, Ekalavya?
Simple answer is Arjun. Let's contemplate on the qualities of the 3 in detail.ARJUN: Arjun had such a personality which was liked by everyone. Every mother wanted a soon like him. Every woman wanted a husband like him. Every person wanted him as a friend, Including Sri Krishna. He wanted to learn archery and all other shastras to establish the rule of Dharma. Maharaj Pandu and Maharani Kunti had taught and nurtured him for the same. Infact they desired him to be a noble warrior while they were conceiving him through Indra. It's called Garbha Sanskar. This is something Eklavya and Karna missed. Arjuna's skills: Arjun never slept while he was in the gurukul of Dronacharya. In the day he used to learn new skills and in the night he practiced them. He is called by the name Gudakesh for that. There is no chance that anyone else in the world would be a greater skilled archer than Arjun. He fought the war of Kurukshetra only because Sri Krishna wanted him to fight. He did not have any ego. There is not a single person who was hurt by Arjun. EKLAVYA:Eklavya wanted to learn archery to protect his pack of dogs. He was of the Nishad tribe. They were hunters. He wanted to become the best hunter among them. He had a pack of dogs with him while he went for hunting. But he was not expert in archery. For that reason he wanted to learn it. He was passionate for becoming a hunter gatherer. Dronacharya knew his motive so he declined to teach him. Dronacharya wanted to teach only to noble princes who would have noble cause to become a Kshatriya. Eklavya did not listen to Dronacharya and kept on learning archery. This is disrespect towards his guru. Dronacharya instantly made his assessment of Ekalavya. For that act of Eklavya, Dronacharya asked his right thumb. After many years though Drona took mercy on him due to his Guru Dakshina, took him to Mandar mountain and taught him archery without the use of thumb. He taught Eklavya just what he needed. Thus, he could protect his pack of dogs and do nothing else. In short, Eklavya surely would have become an accurate archer, BUT averse to Dharma. Just like the terrorist killers of Peshawar who wield AK 47s. Dronacharya averted the making of a mighty potential ally of Duryodhana.KARNA:In some regards similar is the case with Karna. He lacked noble values. He was very easily allured to join Kauravas, who performed only sins throughout their reign. He lacked intelligence. Just see how Karna had to maintain the association of Kauravas till the end of his life for their little mercy. He could have easily come out of the mafia by the help of Sri Krishna, Bhishma or Yudhushthira. If he desired to. With regards to his archery skills he was never better than Arjun. Arjun defeated him at Virat war, Draupadi Swayamvar, and at the end in the final war. He had also ran away from fighting with Chitrarath gandharva. Even Bhima defeated him once in the Kurukshetra war. Even Abhimanyu was superior to him. That's why Karna become one among the pack of Kauravas, who fought Abhimanyu simultaneously. He was even cursed to forget his silks at the urgent time. Regarding his education, the gurus rejected him not because of his low birth but because he lacked the qualities of the nobility, just like Eklavya. In those days your skills did not entitled you to higher education. But the purpose why you want to learn the skills was important. With regards to this point, we can say the assessment of Ashwathama by Dronacharya was a great failure of Dronacharya. He taught Bramhastra to Ashwathama who used it rashly.Concluding in short, Making it simple.Eklavya = Basic Values/Purpose + No Chivalry + Potential Expert in SkillsKarna = Purpose of Personal Ambition + Pseudo Chivalry, Whimsical + Between Intermediate-Expert in SkillsArjun = Noblest Purpose of establishing the rule of Dharma + Chivalrous + Expert in SkillsFor his first quality of purpose Dronacharya wanted Arjun and not Eklavya to become the most skillful archer. This assessment of Arjun by Dronacharya was the greatest success of Dronacharya.In the end Arjun is the greatest among the 3.
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In the Mahabharata (Hindu epic), who is better, Arjun or Karna?
1. Even if with the Kavach and Kundal he has been defeated at Draupadi's Swayambar, Virata War & Cattle tale (by Gandharvas). But it is true that it gave him protection. If Arjuna and Karna should be compared, then why with an additional gadget with karna.. Moreover he took a fatal weapon from Indra in exchange of Kavach and Kundal. So it was a swap, a decision made by Karna himself..If Karna was sufficient to kill Arjuna then why did he want Sakti weapon?? He could have given Kavach and Kundal with out taking anything back.. right?? 2. About Karna and other pandavas.. Please read original translation of KM Ganguly, where in Jayadhratha Vadha parva, it is mentioned that Bhima entering into the array formed by Drona met with Karna and repeatedly defeated Karna thrice with, Aswathhama, Dushasana & Other Kaurava brothers came to rescue him and in tern those 16 brothers of Duryodhana lost their life to Bhima at the sight of Karna, and Karna felt ashamed of the situation and shed tears for those brothers of Duryodhana. After that Karna defeated Bhima when he was exhausted of all weapons and Bhima challenged Karna to wrestling which Karna did not accept. Bhima mentioned the same thing to Arjuna after he killed Jayadhratha and Arjuna went to Karna and told him that Karna's boastfulness will vanish when he will killl Vrishasena (Karna's eldest son) in front of Karna's eye unlike Karna killing Abhimanyu unfairly that to when Arjuna was not present. And Arjuna did the same and killed Brisasena who was Karna's son on 17th day of the war in the sight of Karna and Karna could not do anything.3. Third point about Krishna disguised as Brahmana taking away Karna's merit's is mentioned in some other latter version, not in the Mahabharat the original Veda Vyasa. Also please read in the KM Ganguly's traslation of Original Mahabharata by Veda Vyasa, that before the chariot of Karna was sunken down to earth, Karna was fully bathed with blood releasing from wounds by Arjuna's arrows. Also there was a situation when Karna dropped the Bow and arrow and knew not what to do. There are many later versions which try to showcase Karna more than what he was.By stating the same I do not undermine Karna's prowess or skill. Although he was a skilled archer but in various occasions, sage Narada, Parasurama, Bhisma (during Peace mission of Krishna), Krupacharya (during Virata War), Aswathhama (during war on 14th day after sunset) have told Duryodhana & Karna himself that Arjuna is invincible and Karna is not a match for him and also cited many examples of the past deeds of Arjuna compared to failures of Karna to achieve the same. Also Lord Parasurama (Preceptor of Karna, knows Karna's ability verywell) himself has mentioned in the Kurusabha (during Krishna's peace mission) that Arjuna is incarnation of sage NARA and is invincible.If we believe Mahabharata and we don't accept what the legends of the time have mentioned and try to put our logic to proof what we feel is right then I feel there is no logic. Many people have cited the example that Krishna himself has praised Karna infront of Arjuna, but there is no mention in the original Mahabharata rather in some south-Indian version (written later).He himself was defeated twice by Abhimanyu, and terribly wounded and fainted and fled away from the spot while fighting with Abhimanyu, Arjuna's kid who had not the full knowledge of weapons what Arjuna had. The point is why Karna asked Drona how to kill Abhimanyu, if he was the best? Again how he can be compared to the father of the kid who was proficient in war had defeated all the celestials with Indra at their head with the Asuras, Nagas, etc during Khandava Daha, who gratified Lord Shiva with his fighting skills, whom Indra himself had trained with celestial weapons before his triumph over Nivatkavacha & Kalakeyas whom gods themselves could not defeat.Also Lord Parasurama (Preceptor of Karna, knows Karna's ability verywell) himself has mentioned in the Kurusabha (during Krishna's peace mission) that Arjuna is incarnation of sage NARA and is invincible.Guess what today we will write another version saying that Kauravas won the battle and 800 years down the line when our future generations will read all the versions may believe that what we have written is right. Will it be good for us to change culture.Yes we can take out the goods from various characters. Karna definitely was having some qualities but he did not consistently stick to those except blindly supporting Duryodhana.Examples; He was behaving righteously during the period he was commander but why didn't he follow the same at the time of Abhimanyu's killing.
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Trump Jr. also sent the email after news broke that former acting Attorney General Sally Yates had alerted the White House that Flynn might have lied about discussing sanctions with then-Russian ambassador Sergey Kislyak.
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Flynn's resignation Monday came the same day that he was interviewed by FBI agents about the meeting — as part of Robert Mueller's probe of Russia's meddling in the US presidential election.
How do they know an electronic signature is actually you?
And, more importantly, does it have a secret meaning, and are you actually the owner and not just someone pretending to be you?
The answer seems to be yes. In fact, it's the best answer any of the researchers could come up with: They believe that it's the secret to a digital signature, and their findings have been published in the academic literature.
The paper is entitled "Secret Authenticity of Digital Signatures: the case of the 'IOU'" and is a collaboration between the researchers and David Chaum, the author of the famous paper on digital signatures that was used to prove the security of electronic cash transactions over the Internet in 1999.
It was a pretty big deal back in 1999, because it proved that it's possible to make an electronic currency that is not vulnerable to "double spending" -- where the money itself can be duplicated and used to defraud the network.
And since then, digital signatures have been at the center of many new innovations in electronic banking, and now the technology has moved out-of-the-box into other areas, like online payment systems, the blockchain, and smart contracts.
And Chaum, who is also the author of the classic book "Digital Money: Theory and Practice," has been working to prove that electronic signatures are more than just something that can be used for digital signatures.
He did that with a proof-of-concept experiment at the University of Illinois a decade or so ago. He wanted to see whether it could be possible to take an el...
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