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FAQs
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What actually happens in a UPSC interview?
I have had the opportunity of giving 'THE UPSC INTERVIEW' twice, one in 2016 and other in 2017. Both the time I had the same board headed by former Air Marshal Ajit Bhonsale.I was awarded pretty good scores both the times, 184 (in 2016) and 187 (in 2017) :)Before I answer what happens in UPSC interview, let me break some myths.MYTHSInterview questions are not like the whatsapp forwards you recieve. Example : How to throw egg from a building without breaking it?Interview is not a system of rejection or acceptance. It is just a part of whole process , your written marks are added in your interview score to determine your rank. So you may have high written score but low interview marks can mar your chances of rank and vice versa.Interview is not a test of your knowledge. Knowledge has already been tested in written examination. Interview is test of your personality and confidence. Obviously questions are asked to test your confidence but if you don't know the answer you can say “I don't know sir/ma'am” confidently instead of bluffing. You have to be truely honest.Some interview boards are dreaded due to myth that they give low marks but I think every board has its range of marks( Bhonsale Sir board is dreaded but he awarded me good marks both the times). It is just that every board chairman has probably different parameters and ways of testing you. For example : Ajit Bhonsale sir will make you really comfortable but sometimes when you become very comfortable you let yourself loose and commit blunders. On other hand B.S. Bassi sir is very strict ( I have heard) , puts in you in spot for the first few minutes. His strategy is maybe to check you during tough times.UPSC interview is not like a roadies audition. All the members of the board are highly cordial.BEFORE UPSC INTERVIEWNight before the interview is really tough. There are butterflies in your stomach. There is soo much going on in your head that sleeping becomes a task.On the day of interview it becomes quite a task for us girls because we have to tie a saree. My mom was with me so she helped me with that but handling the saree gracefully is your task. I want to tell you that I wore the same green colour saree for both my interviews because after my first interview I thought it was lucky for me :)2016 interview2017 interview ( 5 kg lighter!!)Once you signNow UPSC office on Shahjahan road , you are made to stand in a line outside the gate for verification by showing summon letters. For me this moment for the first time was in 2016 and it was really mesmerizing. I was like Aamir Khan ’s character in “3idiots” movie where he couldnt stop smiling because it felt like a dream.After all verification candidates are made to sit in a room for document verification. There are 6 tables with 6 candidates each. All the 6 candidates on one table go to same interview board. After document checking candidates are moved to a central hall. Here we are finally told which board we are assigned.Candidates are called one by one for the interview and headed towards respective members 's rooms. A candidate is called 5 minutes before the previous candidates 's interview is over. So you are made to sit outside the interview room. This is the most unnerving moment. My strategy used to be: to sit and gaze around so that I don't think about the impending interview and calming myself in the process. And finally after few minutes the peon asks you to GO INSIDE!!DURING THE INTERVIEWHere I will narrate my 2017 CSE interview held on 24 th April 2018:I entered the room I wished everyone good afternoon ( it was around 1:30 pm ). I was asked to take seat. The interview board had chairman (Air Marshal Ajit Bhonsale Sir in my case) and 4 other members seated around a table. There was a member seating very close to me and watching my every action, most probably he was psychoanalysist or something like that.So finally the interview started :CHAIRMANChairman : Shilpa sit down. Feel comfortable. Take a deep breath. I see a young and smart lady in front of me who has a very good academic background. Are you nervous?Me: No sir ( I smiled)CHAIRMAN : Ok then we will start with the interview.Which areas you are expecting that we would ask from DAF ( detailed application form , it is like a CV which contains information about you, your qualification, your hobbies etc).Me: Sir about my graduation i.e. BDS , my birthplace Chandigarh and hobbiesChairman : What do you derive from making greeting cards? ( Apart from reading , teaching/ mentoring , I mentioned “making handmade greeting cards” as my hobby in DAF)Me: Sir, it is a form of creative expression for me which gives me immense pleasure.Chairman : Ok shilpa.MEMBER 1M1 : What are your views on death sentence for rape accused in case victim is below 12 years? Accused are generally known to victim in cases of child abuse cases.Me : Sir ,you are right. NCRB records state that in child sexual abuse cases 94% of accused are known to victim. This may lead to non reporting or victim turning hostile due to pressure from family.Secondly, death penalty is not a deterrent. It has been proven from many reports.Thirdly , now rape and murder have same punishment so now the rapist will not leave his victim alive .(M1 : good point Dr. Shilpa)M1 : Have you heard about euthanasia? What is the recent SC judgement.Me: Euthanasia in common terms means mercy killing. It is of two types : active and passive euthanasia. Recently SC has allowed passive euthanasia in case patient is in permanent vegetative state.M1: Who decides it is time for euthanasia?Me: Sir , It consists of three layered mechanism . A mechanism for living will has been given which is accessed by the doctor. If he feels that there is need for go ahead the permission is send to a special medical board which consists of four specialists. After approval it is forwarded to district collector.M1: What is living will?Me: It is a directive by a patient that in due course of his treatment if stops responding to treatment or is in permanent vegetative state he be considered for passive euthanasia.MEMBER 2M2 : Comment on our relations with our neighbours with respect to Bangladesh , Nepal.Me: Sir , Neighbourhood first policy has been major component of our foreign policy.Good relations with Bangladesh for example recently land boundary agreement was signed very amicably. There is just one irritant in form of teesta water treaty.Nepal we have historical and cultural ties. 'BETI AND ROTI' ka rishta. A buffer state. But due to unprecedented foray of China into south asia and Nepal playing China card due to its domestic compulsions , relations have taken toll right now.( I wanted to summarize but M2 said ok shilpa fine)M2 : Chinese president XI Xingping and PM modi will be meeting recently. Where?ME: Sir there will be an informal meeting in City of Wuhan , China. Here wide array of issues will be discussed.M2 : China is saying it will be sharing data on satluj river. What is that?ME: Sir basically hydrological data. Water levels and dams to be constructed.M2: Sociolgists are better administrators. Why? (Sociology is my optional subject)ME: Sir, it is basically study of social groups , social institutions and their dynamics. And as civil servant you are basically dealing with these institutions and groups. For eg : as a sociologist one knows laws decide where society SHOULD GO but Societal norms decide where society actually GOES. It serves a great value as a civil servant.MEMBER 3M3 : Dr. Bhatti you were talking about China right now. How are we same ?How does it poses a danger how India is responding? Can we learn something from China?( it was a long question so I broke it into parts)Me: China and India are same with respect to thriving economies. China is second largest economy in terms of nominal GDP and India is 7th.Both are populous nations with huge human capital potential.Dangers : China 's unprecedented foray into South Asia. Increasing footprint in Indian ocean.Learn from China: China has emerged as workshop of world. Its manufacturing sectors contributes around 34% to its GDP where India its just 17% ( Member said good Dr.Bhatti)MEMBER 4M4 : Social media is turning a place for spreading wrong news and all ( long lecture) . How to address this?Me: Sir in the post truth era social media is turning into menance where fake news are being spread. (M4 interuppts)M4 : You used word post truth. Very interesting word. What is that?Me: Sir it is an era where facts are considered less and beliefs and emotions shape the public opinion.M4 : Very good Shilpa. Continue with your answer. How to address?Me: Sir we can address first at legal level. For eg : EU has .......( M4 interuppts.)M4: Shilpa talk at a more local level. Like you are Chandigarh DC.Me: Sir first we can use social media itself. These days every administration has official twitter , FB accounts. From this we can give correct info n allay fears.Secondly in Chandigarh during Ram Rahim case SMS were sent as precaution. We can use this platformThirdly , involving civil society to create awareness to not accept any news at face value before confirming it from standard source.M4 : Did you choose Medical field by choice ? You are no longer pursuing it?Me: Sir , Civil services was always on my mind but idea wasn't very concrete at that time. I choose medical field because of my love for science and I have always performed good in academics.Also while working as a dentist I realized that civil services gives much larger platform to bring a change plus job diversity it offers is unparallelled.CHAIRMANCHAIRMAN : Tell me where woman bureaucrats or officers in general can be of great help?Me : Sir , in police administration for example if the cutting edge officers or bureaucrats in general are woman we can make our police services more gender sensitive.Chairman : yes ok. Continue.Me: Sir I cant think of other areas right now.(Chairman smiled and said ok)CHAIRMAN : Ok Shilpa tell me one last question before we go for lunch. You have heard about tussle between delhi chief secretary and chief minister?Me: yes sir.CHAIRMAN : So now bureaucrats blame its ministers who hamper work and politician blame bureaucrats. What to do?Me: Sir the permanent executive and the elected executive has work in tandem.CHAIRMAN : Yes tell me solution?Me: Following SOP and due process of law.Secondly, Sir transperant administration. Egovernance to cut down bureaucratic red tapism and also ensuring the executive is pro active in various people centric schemes or policies.Thirdly , we can have informal meetings in form of ‘chintin shivirs' or organising sports events for breaking the ice and acting as confidence building measures.CHAIRMAN : Ok Shilpa your interview is over. So now you will go back to Chandigarh or stay back.Me: Sir I will stay back for medical and leave on 26th.Chairman : Ok. Thank you Shilpa.Me: Thank you Sir. ( I thanked other member too)Interview lasted around 25 minutes. Members were extremely cordial and I had a feeling that it went well.And I got a good score of 187 :) I was able to secure 712 rank UPSC CSE 2017 and currently Iam preparing for rank improvement :)I hope this answer conveyed what happens in UPSC interview :)
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How are cracked versions of software created and why are developers not able to prevent it?
Cracked versions of software are created with the use of debuggers. (A debugger is a special type of software that lets programmers deconstruct their software into its constituent parts for the purpose of finding bugs, and thus de-bugging. Additionally debuggers can be used for reverse-engineering, or to see what is inside the software, to learn its logic. The latter method is used mostly by malware researchers to study what malware (or computer viruses) do on-the-inside. But it can be also used by an attacker to "crack" (or bypass) legal software registration, or at times, to alter normal behavior of software, for instance by injecting a malicious code into it.)For the sake of this example, I will assume that the software that is being "cracked" was compiled into a native code, and is not a .NET or a JavaScript based application. (Otherwise it will be somewhat trivial to view its source code.) The compiled native code is a bit more tricky "beast" to study. (Native means that the code executes directly by the CPU, GPU, or other hardware.)So let's assume that the goal of an attacker is to bypass the registration logic in the software so that he or she doesn't have to pay for it. (Later for lolz, he or she may also post such "crack" on some shady online forum or on a torrent site so that others can "use" it too and give him or her their appreciation.)For simplicity let's assume that the original logic that was checking for the software registration was written in C++ and was something similar to the following code snippet:In this code sample "RegistrationName" and "RegistrationCode" are special strings of text that a legitimate software user will receive after paying for the license. (The name is usually that person's actual name or their email address, and the code is some string of unique/special characters that is tied to the name.)In the logic above, the function named "isRegistrationCodeGood()" will check if "RegistrationName" and "RegistrationCode" are accepted using some proprietary method. If they are, it will return true. Otherwise false. That outcode will dictate which branch (or scope) the execution will follow.So the logic above will either show that registration failed and quit:Or, if the registration code and name matched, it will save the registration details in persistent storage (such as the File System or System Registry) using the function named "rememberRegistrationParameters()" and then display the message thanking the user for registering:A "cracker" will obviously want to achieve the second result for any registration code that he or she enters. But they have a problem. They do not have the C++ source code, part of which I showed above. (I hope not!)So the only recourse for an attacker is to disassemble the binary code (that always ships with software in the form of .exe and .dll files on Windows, and mostly as Unix executables inside the .app packages on a Mac.) An attacker will then use a debugger to study the binary code and try to locate the registration logic that I singled out above.Next you can see the flowchart for a snippet of code that I showed in C++, presented via a low-level debugger. Or, as the code will be read in the binary form after compilation:(For readability I added comments on the right with the names of functions and variables. They will not be present in the code that an attacker could see.)(To understand what is shown above an attacker will have to have good knowledge of the Assembly language instructions for the native code.)I also need to point out that having a disassembly snippet like the one above is the final result for an attacker. The main difficulty for him or her is to locate it among millions and millions of other similar lines of code. And that is their main challenge. Not many people can do it and that is why software "cracking" is a special skill.So having found the code snippet above in the software binary file a "cracker" has two choices:1) Modify (or patch) the binary.2) Reverse-engineer the "isRegistrationCodeGood()" function and copy its logic to create what is known as a "KeyGen" or "Key Generator."Let's review both:The first choice is quite straightforward. Since an attacker got this far, he or she knows the Intel x64 Instruction Set quite well. So they simply change the conditional jump from "jnz short loc_7FF645671430" at the address 00007FF645671418 (circled in red in the screenshots) to unconditional jump, or "jmp short loc_7FF645671430". This will effectively remove any failed registration code entries and anything that the user types in will be accepted as a valid registration.Also note that this modification can be achieved by changing just one byte in the binary code from 0x75 to 0xEB:But this approach comes with a "price" of modifying the original binary file. For that an attacker needs to write his own "patcher" (or a small executable that will apply the modification that I described above.) The downside of this approach for an attacker is that patching an original executable file will break its digital signature, which may alert the end-user or the vendor. Additionally the "patcher" executable made by an attacker can be easily flagged and blocked by the end-user's antivirus software, or lead criminal investigators to the identity of the attacker.The second choice is a little bit more tricky. An attacker will have to study "isRegistrationCodeGood()" function and copy it into his own small program that will effectively duplicate the logic implemented in the original software and let him generate the registration code from any name, thus giving any unscrupulous user of that software an ability to register it without making a payment.Vendors of many major software products understand the potential impact of the second method and try to prevent it by requiring what is known as "authentication." This is basically a second step after registration, where the software submits registration name to the company's web server that returns a response back to the software of whether the code was legitimate or not. This is done by Microsoft when you purchase Windows (they call it "Activate Windows") and also by signNow, and many other companies. This second step may be done behind-the-scenes on the background while the software is running, and will usually lead to cancellation of prior registration if it was obtained illegally.So now you know how software is "cracked".Let me answer why it is not possible to prevent it. It all boils down to the fact that any software code needs to be read either by CPU (in case of a binary native code) or by an interpreter or a JIT compiler (in case of JavaScript or .NET code.) This means that if there's a way to read/interpret something, no matter how complex or convoluted it is, an attacker with enough knowledge and persistence will be able to read it as well, and thus break it.There is an argument though that cloud-based software is more secure, which is true, since its (binary) code remains on the server and end-users do not have direct access to it. And even though cloud-based software is definitely the future, it has some major drawbacks that will never allow it to fully replace your conventional software. To name just a few:Not everyone has an internet connection, or is willing to upload their data online. Additionally someone’s internet connection can be very expensive or too slow to make the software run very laggy.Then there’s a question of distributed computing. For instance, Blizzard Entertainment would never make “World of Warcraft” to fully run on their servers due to immense computational resources needed to render every single scene for every player they have. Thus it is in their best interest to let each individual user’s computer to do the rendering instead.As a software developer myself, I obviously don't like when people steal software licenses. But I have to accept it and live with it. The good news is that there are not that many people who are willing to go extra mile and search for a cracked version of software. The main problem for those who do, is that by downloading a patched executable, or an attacker's KeyGen or a Patcher, they are effectively "trusting" him or her not to put anything "nasty" into it that was not "advertised on the package" (stuff like trojans, malware, or keyloggers.) So the question for those people becomes -- is it worth the cost of the software license to potentially infect your system with a nasty virus?On the other side of the equation, some developers react very negatively to any attempts to steal their software licenses. (I was there too.) They try to implement all kinds of countermeasures -- anything from tricking reverse-engineers, to adding booby traps in the code that may do something nasty if the code detects that it is being debugged, to obfuscating or scrambling the code, to enforcing all kinds of convoluted DRM schemes, to blocking users from certain countries. I personally try to stay away from all of those measures. And here's why:A) Any kind of anti-reverse-engineering tactics could be bypassed by an attacker with enough persistence. So why bother and waste my time when I can invest that time into adding something useful to my software that will make it more productive for legitimate users?B) Some code packers could create false positives with antivirus software, which is obviously not good for marketing of that software. It also creates unnecessary complexity for the developer to debug the software.C) Adding booby traps in the code can also “misfire” on your legitimate users, which will really infuriate them and can even lead to lawsuits.D) Any DRM scheme will probably catch some 100 illegal users and greatly inconvenience 10,000 legitimate ones. So why do it to your good customers?E) Our statistics show that about 75% of all illegal licenses come from China, Russia, Brazil, to name the worst offenders. (I also understand that the reason may be much lower incomes that people have in those countries.) The main issue for us though was the fact that if we enforce our DRM or add some strong registration authentication, many people that wanted to bypass our registration would simply use a stolen credit card number. And we had no control over it. Our system will use it to send them a legitimate license only to have the payment bounce in weeks time. As a result we would lose the money that were paid for the license, plus the credit card company will impose an additional chargeback fee to our account, which may range from $0.25 to $20 per bad purchase on top of the license cost.F) As was pointed out in the comments, some companies may actually benefit from allowing pirated copies of their software. Microsoft for instance gets a lot of free publicity from people using their Windows OS, the same goes for signNow with their Photoshop. That is a good point that I agree with.So my philosophy is now this -- if someone wants to go extra mile and steal our software, go for it! They went this far to do it anyway, so they probably have a good reason. On the positive side there are so many other customers that appreciate the work that goes into creating software that greatly outnumber those that don’t.PS. Thank you for all your feedback! It makes me feel good that the knowledge I shared is useful to others.
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Sadness again descended where a hero (Lt Col Niranjan) sacrificed his life for nation at Pathankot. Where are those voices now?
I belong to the armed forces fraternity, by virtue of which I get to hear directly from the men most affected by such incidents.I wouldn't want to add much myself, but I have a couple of forwarded messages which I believe really need to be shared. There are some pressing issues within the Armed Forces family, but since they have been raised to never question authority, they continue to suffer silently.Just give the following text some thought, they raise very valid questions and I wish the media and our general public paid attention to such details :"Touching message posted by a course mate of Lt.col Niranjan, who died while diffusing a bomb at Pathankot... R.I.P Lt Col Niranjan EK. My Coursemate, my Sutta Pal, Barrack-Type and Punishment-Type. Wish I could turn back the clock for you, Moron! I would have ensured that instead of CDSE you would have cleared your Civil Services Exam. Your daughter would have had a father to watch her grow up. Your wife would have had a husband to grow old with. And you would never had had to fight to get a decent pension (Not that you would have needed one - everyone knows the price of a Babu's signature). I wish that you had not been a warrior, a leader of men and a guardian of an ungrateful nation. I wish you had been a pen-pushing Babu who charged you just for doing his job. I wish that you had not been an Officer And A Gentleman earning a hardship allowance of Rs.32000 in Siachen. Instead you should have been a blood-sucking Babu earning Rs.72000 HARDSHIP ALLOWANCE for enjoying the salubrious climes of Shillong or Guwahati. Or I wish that you had been a Corporate Honcho, who earns thrice your salary for doing one-fourth of what you do. I wish that you had been an AAM AADMI for whom nothing matters beyond the next increment,the next mobile phone or the next vehicle that he is going to buy. I wish that you had been anything except what you chose to become - A Real Man, A Professional Soldier, A Leader Of Men, A True Son Of This Ungrateful Nation, Sworn to protect it at all cost. I Wish...I Wish... But You Are No Longer There.... So I can only pray that in your next life, you decide to do something worthwhile. Something... Anything.... Just Don't Repeat The Mistakes You Made In This One.. R.I.P Brother... We'll Meet In The Afterlife! "Another one which deserves some attention, it makes us question what the Police and other forces are doing while Army men die, they same army men who take up the job of the NDRF and others when Floods hit Kashmir or Tamil Nadu (to even rescuing kids stuck in borewells). :"Lt Col EK Niranjan of Engineers lost his life leaving a young wife & 18 months old daughter while combating terrorists in pathankot.he was seriously wounded in the action & later succumbed to the injurieswhy did he die ?for whom did he die ?the two big & unpleasant questionsit is the nexus of punjab police, politicians & drug syndicates which is ruling present punjaban suv of SP rank punjab police officer is highjacked while he himself was inside it & punjab police cannot locate the vehicle with blue beacon on it for next 24 hourswhen the SP himself reports to police within an hour of highjack & confirms it was indeed a militant activity, his report is brushed asidethe CM, Deputy CM & home minister are not aware till the militants actually attack the airforce basewhy?Because all three ie politicians, police & drug mafia are busy ferrying lethal drug consignments & counting money.An alert was issued after about 12 hours in the late evening of 01 january when the dead body of innova taxi driver was locatedCM, Deputy CM & home minister still remained silent.It is an eye opener for all of us in which direction the once prosperous state punjab is heading with the nexus of the trio.Lt Col E K Niranjan has made the supreme sacrifice while saving his brothers in airforce station at pathankot because his own countryman consisting of politicians, police & drug mafia of punjab have failed him, betrayed him & eventually murdered him.RIP brother, you could attain the selfless martyrdom for the selfish countrymen, we pray for you & your bereaved family. These terrorists came to the airbase using the SP pathankot's official car. The SP is alive. The driver is dead. All very convenient.That SP was accidentally moving around the place where the terrorists hijacked him with his car at mid night. He was thrown out of the car and the driver died. Very convincing.No one in the media is asking the right questions.What stops the media from saying what I said? Why not ask IG, gurdaspur? Why not ask DGP, Punjab? This question is not connected with the operations going on. In any case, army cannot answer this question. The question is, how did the SP escape? Why did he not fight the terrorists and die? Is his life more precious? What about his oath to the constitution of India? Why should the armed forces be the only guys to take their oath seriously and keep dying for the country? Are the IPS officers exempted from their own oath to protect India? These are serious questions which every citizen of India should be asking. Are armed forces supposed to die so that corrupt police officers can live?Genuine food for thought.. "PS: Above messages are as received via whatsapp. Similar concerns keep coming up in the armed forces often, and hence I decided to put then out in the open to the general public. I would not want to name those who sent these, since they still firmly respect their values as defence officers.
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What culture shocks can a South Indian face in North India?
I am a South Indian doctor in Delhi…and sometimes I get these weird questions that surprise me.I was once inserting a cannula into a patient’s vein and at that moment of pain the patient asked me.. ‘you are not from Delhi are you?’ I told her I am from Chennai.. she asked me ‘are you married? What does sahib do?’ I was a little taken aback and asked her why she thought I was married.. ‘coz you are wearing a bindi’ she replied…I smiled at her.. thought she was ignorant and told her I am single…. A few days later one of my consultants asked me ‘you are from the south right..wearing a bindi must be compulsory there’. My reply ‘no mam it isn't compulsory.. we wear it if we like to.’…. And when someone asked me ‘what is the significance of wearing a bindi?’ all I could reply was ‘I am not exactly sure but one thing I can tell you is it doesn't mean I am married :P’ while everyone from a toddler to a octagenerian wears a bindi in the south and not wearing it makes us feel a little weird, the fact that it labels you as being married in the north is something that makes me go ‘enna kodumai sir idu’.When I came to Delhi I was wearing a chain, earrings and finger rings of gold.. one thing that I was advised ‘remove your jewellery else someone will snatch it and remove it for you’ I am not saying such crimes don't happen in the south.. but spotting women who actually wear gold chains is a rarity.. in comparison to the mota mota jewellery that we wear.How can you people live on rice??? When northies live on a staple diet of rotis and aaloo ki sabzi or paneer.. I like rice, you like rotis..so what?This probably doesn't apply to all north Indians but 4–5 people have also asked me this..They:so you are from chennai huh? You speak malayalam right.Me: no I am Tamil.. heard of ‘Tamil’Nadu??They: so it is different from kannad and Telugu also??Me: yes yes totallyThey: oh you are from Jayalalitha’s place?? Jallikattu?? Marina beach? Rajnikanth?Me: thank god yes you finally got it… marina beach is our pride and you can always find Jayalalitha there :PThe dressing and make up that people do here is pretty much diverse from the south.. not that I am judging or anything. That's just you, this is just me.. as long as you don't judge me for not being like you, it's fine… but how often do you see a woman with labour pains walk into the labour room in a government hospital with make up at 3.30AM in the south? Never… and it is a common sight here. And I thought it happened only in Hindi serials :PPS. The above mentioned facts are based on personal experiences and not any generalized comments on north Indians. One more thing that also shocks me is the amiability of the people in the north. They can talk to anyone at anytime without any hesitation and make them feel warm. Kudos to that! :)
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What are some of the most interesting courses at Stanford's GSB MBA program?
I would agree with the answers given by Pierre Len and Robert Lopez related to how this is largely based upon preference. To answer the question in more detail, it is helpful to provide a bit more context on the overall path of GSB classes and how students typically differentiate in the classes they choose.As Anneke Jong wrote in a blog post (http://annekejong.blogspot.com/2...), the first year is quite challenging for a number of reasons, and few students look back on it as academically inspiring. Most complain incessantly about it, sometimes with good reason and sometimes due to lack of perspective (I count myself in the latter group). It is the year where you take the classes that any MBA would be expected to take. As I reflect on it now, I wish that I had been less negative on it in the moment, as many of the classes were quite good and / or will serve me well, particularly finance, accounting, economics, and data and decisions (i.e., statistics). Though it is painful, the administration is wise in packing these into the first year. By the end, you are done with the "required" courses and the second year is wide open. As long as you complete a grand total of 105 course units, including 93 at the GSB and 93 graded (vs. pass/fail), you can graduate. By the end of the first year, most students have ~60 units completed, so in addition to a lighter course load, the classes are completely of your choosing. During the second year, students end up splitting down a number of tracks. As would be expected, some focus on finance / investment classes, others on general management / entrepreneurship classes, others on product design / marketing classes, and others on leadership / soft skills (NOTE: this is my rough categorization for the purposes of this answer, not an official categorization of the Stanford GSB). Still others venture "across the street" whether on a one-off basis or through joint degree programs, taking classes at the law school, medical school, E-IPER program (environment and resources), design school, education school, public policy / administration program (whether Stanford or Harvard Kennedy), etc. These are rough lines, and many students take classes across several of them. From what I have seen though, you can generally see each person allocating his / her time in 1-2 tracks more than the others. I personally focused on general management / entrepreneurship and leadership / soft skills, so I can only really speak to those. I will try to reference other highly rated classes as well.The "signature" classes: While there might be some differences of opinion on these, there are a couple of classes that are notable across generations of GSB students. This is with good reason too, these classes end up being described as life and / or career changing.Interpersonal Dynamics (OB 374) -- This is probably the most famous of them all. Commonly called "touchy feely," over 90-95% of the class takes this and many (including me) describe it as transformational. The premise of the course is that communication and connection between you and others is one of, if not the most important factors related to your personal and professional success. Furthermore, most of us aren't really all that good at it. We tend to speak and respond to others, especially during times of stress, in ways that are counterproductive and prone to hurting, rather than building relationships. There is a lecture portion of the course, but the real action takes place in T-group (i.e., training group), where a group of 12 students and 2 facilitators sit in a circle for 3-4 hours at a time. There is no agenda. The group just talks, going deep on topics relevant to each student. Disagreements and conflicts arise. Real-time feedback ensues. While it sounds unstructured, it is very often a tremendously powerful experience, changing how you communicate and connect with others.Managing Growing Enterprises (STRAMGT 355) -- Another extremely useful class, this might be better titled "Managing Difficult Situations." The most famous professor is Irv Grousbeck, but all the professors (including Joel Peterson, Jim Ellis, Kevin Taweel) are experienced practitioners who engage students in challenging role plays related to common management situations involving complex decisions and tough conversations. Each class typically revolves around a real-life case study, and the protagonists are present. After about an hour and a half of role playing the various situations, the protagonists address the class about how they handled each situation, what worked well, what didn't work well, etc.The rest of the "super round" classes: Each year, first year students go through a registration process where they can "super round" classes that are typically very high in demand. The above two classes are always on this list. The classes below are as well. Typically, each student will only get two of these (including the "signature" classes above)Leadership Perspectives (OB 363) -- A relatively new class, this has become incredibly popular in recent years. It is taught by Joel Peterson (former CEO of Trammel Crow, current Chairman of JetBlue, Managing Director of Peterson Partners, etc.) and Charles O'Reilly, a really excellent research professor focused on leadership. The format of the class includes one session per week where a prominent leader addresses the full class and a second session where small groups break out to discuss and reflect on what was learned from the leader. During my class, we heard from CEOs / board members, former athletes, a city mayor, a military general, and a nonprofit leader, among others. Each gave us 15-20 minutes of background on his / her life and path, then the next 1 hour+ was open for questioning, where we could ask just about anything (and questions / responses were guaranteed confidential within the class). It is fascinating to see the similarities and differences among leaders as they honestly discuss their personal and professional successes and failures over time.Entrepreneurship and Venture Capital (STRAMGT 354) -- While I didn't take this class, it is also extremely popular. It is taught by long-time venture capitalist Peter Wendell and Eric Schmidt. The guest list is phenomenal. This class was referenced in the recent New York Times article on Stanford (http://www.newyorker.com/reporti...).Investment Management and Entrepreneurial Finance (FINANCE 321) -- While I didn't take this class, it is extremely popular among students with interest / focus on the finance / investment space. It is taught by Jack McDonald, a long-time professor and investor guru. I'll leave further description to an alum / student who has actually taken the class.Other interesting (and popular) classes that I did takeLeadership Fellows (OB 330/331) -- Each year, ~66 second year students take part in the Arbuckle Leadership Fellows program. While one purpose of the program is to help facilitate the Leadership Labs class taken by every first year student, there is also a heavy "coaching" component to the experience. Through this, the students in the class are trained by professional executive coaches to be coaches themselves. The point is not that most of us will actually become executive coaches (though some might), but rather that coaching is a critical part of managing, and something that many managers are not actually that good at. During the class, each student has ~3 first year students that he / she coaches for two quarters both to practice what is learned in class but more importantly, to help the first year student improve in whatever areas of life the student so desires. Lives of Consequence (OB 383) -- A small seminar class, this is focused on giving students time to reflect on what sort of life each student wants to lead. The class includes some study of individuals who have been thought to have led a "consequential" life. More importantly, the class asks each student to complete several exercises focused on his / her own life, including writing his / her own obituary and eulogy (though unusual, writing my own and listening to what others wrote about themselves was an amazing experience). Few people find the time for such structured reflection, which is exactly what this class allows.Becoming a Leader (GSBGEN 571) -- Many students coming out of MBA programs will become managers within a few years, and becoming a manager means working not just for those to whom you report, but those who report to you. This is often a difficult transition. This half-quarter class uses the experience of recent GSB graduates (classes 2000 and later, more or less) as a tool to expose us to common challenges faced by first time and young managers. Some of the examples are highlighted in short videos, but there are also two panel sessions.The Paths to Power (OB 377) -- Taught by Jeff Pfeffer (http://jeffreypfeffer.com/), this class is about the power and, as he says in his book, why some people have it and others don't. It is often described as a controversial class, with rationale being that it just teaches tools that allow one to accumulate power. I did not find it to be particularly controversial, but rather thought that it just highlighted a set of very basic but important considerations -- whether others know about the good work you're doing, what your network looks like and how central you are as a node within it, how you say what you say, how much social and professional capital you have, how unique you are in your organization, etc. -- that can lead to gaining and sustaining power within an organization. Throughout the course, case studies are used, and at least once a week, case protagonists and / or professionals related to the topic at hand guest teach.Formation of New Ventures (STRAMGT 353) -- This is a survey course that uses case studies to introduce challenges and considerations across the new venture lifecycle, from idea and team formulation through IPO or M&A (at which point the venture is presumably no longer new). Each class, the protagonists of the case being taught are present to comment on the discussion and what they actually did, why, how it turned out, etc. There are several sections of this class. I took a section with Andy Rachleff (Benchmark, Wealthfront) and Mark Leslie (Veritas) that was focused entirely on information technology companies. Other sections are taught by Jim Ellis (Asurion), Jeff Chambers (TA Associates), John Mortgridge (Cisco), Charles Holloway, and George Foster (Stanford).Building and Managing Professional Sales Organizations (STRAMGT 351) -- Where Formation of New Ventures is a survey course on many topics related to starting a company, this class focuses on precisely what the name implies. You're either building product or you're selling it. I knew shockingly little about the latter step before this class, and found it to be among the most practical during my whole time at the GSB. Similar to above, this class is taught with case studies, and the protagonists join each class to share their experience and learning. Additionally, there are projects and simulations used to apply the class materials. Mark Leslie, an amazing sales CEO for decades in Silicon Valley conceived of the class with James Lattin on the academic side. They are now joined in different sections by Peter Levine (A16Z), Kirk Bowman (Accel), and Mark Stevens (long time Sequoia).Conflict Management and Negotiation (OB 381) -- This is about exactly what the title suggests. Conflict and negotiation can be uncomfortable or even painful, so the course is more than 50% focused on simulations between classmates where you practice effective tools and then reflect on the outcomes. And it does get more natural with practice...Sports Business Management (GSBGEN 360), Sports Business Financing (GSBGEN 561), and Sports Marketing (GSBGEN 562) -- The GSB has a number of courses and course sequences that focus on particular topics of interest for students. I have some interest in sports and took two of the three courses above with George Foster. You do have to be interested in sports for these classes, but if you are, it is a real treat. Aside from the annual Billy Beane visit, Professor Foster manages to get the biggest names in Bay Area, and sometimes national sports, into the room discussing just about every topic related to business and sports. As you will see below, there are many other courses delving into different verticals, such as philanthropy, real estate, and entertainment.Other interesting (and popular) classes that I did not takeAligning Start-Ups with their Market (STRAMGT 359) with, Andy Rachleff, which delves deep into another topic introduced in Formation of New Ventures, product-market fitCreating a Start-Up (STRAMGT 356/366) with Haim Mendelson, whereby teams of students (often across graduate programs) create a company plan and sometimes, take the product to market during and after a two quarter course togetherBiodesign Innovation (OIT 384/385) -- some similarities in process to above, but where product is focused on healthcare technologiesEntrepreneurial Design for Extreme Affordability (OIT 333/334) -- some similarities in process to above, but where product is focused on technologies that benefit people and communities in developing countries (through Stanford SEED program)Corporate Financial Modeling (FINANCE 350) with Peter DeMarzo, who wrote our book on itMergers and Acquisitions (ACCT 332), guest taught by Safra Catz (President of Oracle)Understanding the Recent Financial Crisis (GSBGEN 340), Fiscal Policy (GSBGEN 363), and Contemporary Economic Policy (MGTECON 381) with User-13808067191255951908, former Economic Policy Advisor to President George W. Bush and Director of the US National Economic CouncilDesigning Happiness (MKTG 355) and Social Brands (MKTG 353) with Jennifer Aaker, author of The Dragonfly EffectReal Estate Investment (GSBGEN 306)Leadership in the Entertainment Industry (OB 388)Strategic Philanthropy (GSBGEN 381)
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How was your experience at the 6th Quora Mumbai Meetup on 25th February 2018?
It was nice.Start- I personally didn’t like the opening of this meetup. It started with a presentation on the Lunar Eclipse and its myths and all. It is definitely an informative topic, but I wouldn’t like to fill my starting meetup hyperness with the lethargic slides and stuff. I was listening to all the data compiled, but I was eagerly waiting to get to the fun part.Reading Comments Segment- Then it was time for a new segment, where the OC team read out the comments filled by the attendees in the RSVP form and reply to them. I liked the idea behind this, and this segment will definitely be even better the next time as now people will come up with some funny stuff. This time it was mainly greetings and thanks to OC team, which they replied gracefully. I wrote in my comment section to at least have a healthy option snacks and mentioning funnily that at least give a banana. And boy oh boy, they gave me half a dozen of bananas. That was a pretty funny moment.5 minute of fame- Then it was back to the segment “5 minutes of fame”. In the last meetup in november, my answer was picked but I didn’t get the chance to speak as I was unlucky in the random chit picking. This time I submitted the same answer, but that didn’t get picked :PAnyway, I specifically liked the answer on the Tuberculosis, learning new information on the disease and was good to get a bit more aware about it. There was an answer discussed on why music is important to life, which I found okay to listen about. Other than that, the answers were not in my preferred genre and hence I felt a little sluggish in them, but others loved it and I guess everyone felt that this segment was a great hit.Having a discussion with 3 neighbors segment- This was also a new attempt by the OC team, to better the open networking by introducing ourselves to 3 random neighbors and having discussion with them. And I guess within 20 seconds, the segment changed to Open Networking :PGroup Discussion- Because of low attendance, there were only 4 topics this time. The 4 topics were- Fitness and Health, Movies and Entertainment, Cryptocurrency and Education in India.I joined the group Fitness and Health, and it was more of an open networking session than group discussion as there were only 7 guys. I get to meet a guy who was a keto diet enthusiast, and have a site on it.I met probably the biggest wonder in my whole life, a guy who doubled his weight in 6 months, from 47 to 93. He took power lifting in College, winning silver in the first try and two golds in the next two. I am talking about the wit king, Akshay PrabhaleOther than them, there were few people who were trying to lose weight and were there to listen and gain some insight on fitness. The group dissolved quickly because of lack of members, and then we had the option to join any other group.I was advised to join Education in India and it made sense, but eh, spare me please :PI joined in the Movies one, of which I was a part last time. I was there 15 minutes, got a hell lot of bored and got the hell out of there.We started Open Networking a bit before than its official start.Open Networking- This is the main segment for which I am interested in meetups. I have made a lot of cool friends on the Whatsapp Chat Room and it is always fun to meet them in real person.The Open Networking started with a discussion on why Indians can never be as good as NBA level in basketball. And after that it was just all fun random discussions. It just got a little monotonous in between, but I completely loved the open networking part.Vending Machine- The Vending Machine ate 5 ruppees of mine, and 5 ruppees of Jawed Ansari and didn’t give us anything including our money. Do not use the vending machine in Ackruti Trade Center. And then do not call Akhtar bhai, whose number is just written over the machine, as he has left the job and no longer works there.All in all, it was an amazing experience like the last time, and obviously would like to thank the OC team. Keep up the good work!See you in April!
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Do you think UPSC is always beyond the lakhs of aspirants and 1000s of coaching institutes in term of paper setting?
Thank you for A2A.Yes and No both . UPSC PRELIMS is beyond 1000 coaching institutes who do not understand the demand and nature of exam and lakhs of aspirants who blindly depend on them.But UPSC PRELIMS is most predictable and safe exam if you understand it . I myself has proved by clearing all 6 prelims back to back with huge margins( 145- GS1).Let me explain YOU (Ladies and Gentlemen)This is the breakup of subjects this yearHere only 20 were pure current affairs. Other 12 were contemporary topics and were 1 year old so can’t be categorized as current affairs directly. Thus the bulk of questions came from Static and FundamentalsSantosh Sir Prediction before exam :Now read what I had predicted before exam.I had categorically suggested that this year they will focus on Fundamentals and static. Reading and following websites and mugging up stupid compilations will be a waste of time.I had asked to read newspapers , the Hindu .Most of questions are picked from The Hindu like the species one ,etcMy subject distribution was also close.Which section in the prelims 2019 is expected to give more questions according to the trend?I request you go through all my posts and see how relevant they were for PRELIMS 2019.I had strictly warned not to read bulky govt scheme compilation , it was suicidal . I had suggested only few . And I was bang on - only one scheme came which i had suggested Atal innocation mission.1. In India,'extended producer responsibility' was introduced as an important feature in which of the following?(a) The Bio-medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998(b) The Recycled plastic (Manufacturing and Usage) Rules, 1999(c) The e-Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011(d) The Food Safety and Standard Regulations, 2011My Topic List 3.5 Important topics from environment “ Extended Producer Responsibility”2.Under Ramsar Convention, it is mandatory on the part of the Government of India to protect and conserve all the wetlands in the territory of India.3. The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2010 were framed by the Government of India based on the recommendations of Ramsar Convention.3. The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2010 also encompass the drainage area or catchment regions of the wetlands as determined by the authority.Which of the statements given above is / are correct?(a) 1 and 2 only(b) 2 and 3 only(c) 3 only(d) 1, 2 and 3My Topic List Important topics from environment : Ramsar Wetland3.As per law, the Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority exists at both National and State levels.2. People's participation is mandatory in the compensatory afforestation programmes carried out under the Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act, 2016.Which of the statements given above is / are correct?(a) 1 only(b) 2 only(c) Both 1 and 2(d) Neither 1 nor 2CAMPA Compensatory afforestationMy Topic List Important topics from environment: CAMPA4. In the context of which one of the following are the terms 'pyrolysis and plasma gasification' mentioned?(a) Extraction of rare earth elements(b) Natural gas extraction technologies(c) Hydrogen fuel-based automobiles(d) Waste-to-energy technologiesMy Topic List : Waste to energy5. In India, the use of carbofuran, methyl parathion, phorate and triazophos is viewed with apprehension. These chemicals are used as(a) pesticides in agriculture(b) preservatives in processed foods(c) fruit-ripening agents(d) moisturising agents in cosmeticsMy Topic List 3.5 Important topics from environment:: Stockhom-Persistant Organic Pollutatnt5. Why is there a great concern about the 'microbeads' that are released into environment?(a) They are considered harmful to marine ecosystems.(b) They are considered to cause skin cancer in children.(c) They are small enough to be absorbed by crop plants in irrigated fields.(d) They are often found to be used as food adulterants.My Topic List 3.5 Important topics from environment: Dead Zones in Ocean6. Consider the following statements about Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in India:1. PVTGs reside in 18 States and one Union Territory.2. A stagnant or declining population is one of the criteria for determining PVTG status.3. There are 95 PVTGs officially notified in the country so far.4. Irular and Konda Reddi tribes are included in the list of PVTGs.Which of the statements given above are correct?(a) 1, 2 and 3(b) 2, 3 and 4(c) 1, 2 and 4(d) 1, 3 and 4My Topic List Important Environment Topics :PVTGs in A&N( Tribes)7. Which of the following are the reasons for the occurrence of multi-drug resistance in microbial pathogens in India?1. Genetic predisposition of some people2. Taking incorrect doses of antibiotics to cure diseases3. Using antibiotics in livestock farming4. Multiple chronic diseases in some peopleSelect the correct answer using the code given below.(a) 1 and 2(b) 2 and 3 only(e) 1, 3 and 4(d) 2, 3 and 4My Topic List Important Anti Microbial Resistance and Policy8. With reference to Mian Tansen, which one of the following statements is not correct?(a) Tansen was the title given to him by Emperor Akbar.(b) Tansen composed Dhrupads on Hindu gods and goddesses.(c) Tansen composed songs on his patrons.(d) Tansen invented many Ragas.9. Consider the following statements:1. Saint Nimbarka was a contem-porary of Akbar.2. Saint Kabir was greatly influenced by Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?(a) 1 only(b) 2 only(c) Both 1 and 2(d) Neither 1 nor 2My Topic lis :Kabir and Akbar10. Consider the following statements:1. Most of India's external debt is owed by governmental entities.2. All of India's external debt is denominated in US dollars.Which of the statements given above is / are correct?(a) 1 only(b) 2 only(c) Both 1 and 2(d) Neither 1 nor 2Debt11. Which one of the following is not the most likely measure the Government/RBI takes to stop the slide of Indian rupee?(a) Curbing imports of non-essential goods-and promoting exports(b) Encouraging Indian borrowers to issue rupee denominated Masala Bonds(c) Easing conditions relating to external commercial borrowing(d) Following an expansionary monetary policyRBI steps to check currency devaluation12. In the context of India, which of the following factors is/are contributor/ contributors to reducing the risk of a currency crisis?1. The foreign currency earnings of India's IT sector2. Increasing the government expenditure3. Remittances from Indians abroadSelect the correct answer using the code given below.(a) 1 only(b) 1 and 3 only(c) 2 only(d) 1, 2 and 3Answer: bCurrency Crisis13. Which of the following is issued by registered foreign portfolio investors to overseas investors who want to be part of the Indian stock market without registering themselves directly?(a) Certificate of Deposit(b) Commercial Paper(c) Promissory Note(d) Participatory NoteP notes14.1. No High Court shall have the jurisdiction to declare any central law to be constitutionally invalid.2. An amendment to the Constitution of India cannot be called into question by the Supreme Court of India.Which of the statements given above is / are correct?(a) 1 only(b) 2 only(c) Both 1 and 2(d) Neither 1 nor 2My Topic List : Amendments15. Building 'Kalyaana Mandapas' was a notable feature in the temple construction in the kingdom of(a) Chalukya(b) Chandela(c) Rashtrakuta(d) VijayanagaraVijayanagar empire (Themes part II) (chap 6)16. Atal Innovation Mission is set up under the(a) Department of Science and Technology(b) Ministry of Employment(c) NITI Aayog(d) Ministry of Skill Development and EntrepreneurshipMt Topic List : AIM17.1.The 44th Amendment to the Constitution of India introduced an Article placing the election of the Prime Minister beyond judicial review.2. The Supreme Court of India struck down the 99th Amendment to the Constitution of India as being violative of the independence of judiciary.44th AmendmentWhich of the statements given above is/are correct?(a) 1 only(b) 2 only(c) Both 1 and 2(d) Neither 1 nor 2Amendments and HC18. Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) exchange rates are calculated by comparing the prices of the same basket of goods and services in different countries.2. In terms of PPP dollars, India is the sixth largest economy in the world.Which of the statements given above is / are correct?(a) 1 only(b) 2 only(c) Both 1 and 2(d) Neither 1 nor 2GDP -PPP19. With reference to the Constitution of India, prohibitions or limitations or provisions contained in ordinary laws cannot act as prohibitions or limitations on the constitutional powers under Article 142. It could mean which one of the following?(a) The decisions taken by the Election Commission of India while discharging its duties cannot be challenged in any court of law.(b) The Supreme Court of India is not constrained in the exercise of its powers by laws made by the Parliament.(c) In the event of grave financial crisis in the country, the President of India can declare Financial Emergency without the counsel from the Cabinet.(d) State Legislatures cannot make laws on certain matters without the concurrence of Union Legislature.Advisory Jurisdiction20.1. As per recent amendment to the Indian Forest Act, 1927, forest dwellers have the right to fell the bamboos grown on forest areas.2. As per the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006, bamboo is a minor forest produce.3. The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 allows ownership of minor forest produce to forest dwellers.Which of the statements given above is / are correct?(a) 1 and 2 only(b) 2 and 3 only(c) 3 only(d) 1, 2 and 3FRA 200621. In the context of polity, which one of the following would you accept as the most appropriate definition of liberty?(a) Protection against the tyranny of political rulers(b) Absence of restraint(c) Opportunity to do whatever one likes(d) Opportunity to develop oneself fullyLiberty22. Consider the following statements:1. The 44th Amendment to the Constitution of India introduced an Article placing the election of the Prime Minister beyond judicial review.2. The Supreme Court of India struck down the 99th Amendment to the Constitution of India as being violative of the independence of judiciary.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?(a) 1 only(b) 2 only(c) Both 1 and 2(d) Neither 1 nor 244th amendment23. The- motion to impeach a Judge of the Supreme Court of India cannot be rejected by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha as per the Judges (Inquiry) Act, 1968.2. The Constitution of India defines and gives details of what Constitutes 'incapacity and proved misbehaviour' of the Judges of the Supreme Court of India.3. The details of the process of impeachment of the Judges of the Supreme Court of India are given in the Judges (Inquiry) Act, 1968.4. If the motion for the impeachment of a Judge is taken up for voting, the law requires the motion to be backed by each House of the Parliament and supported by a majority of total membership of that House and by not less than two-thirds of total members of that House present and voting.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?(a) 1 and 2(b) 3 only(c) 3 and 4 only(d) 1, 3 and 4Judges removal24. Asiatic Lion Conservation Project ( endangered, canine distemper virus, Gir, Pania sanctuary)25. What is common to the places known as Aliyar, Isapur and Kangsabati?(a) Recently discovered uranium deposits(b) Tropical rain forests(c) Underground cave systems(d) Water reservoirsAnswer: DIndian Major Dams- New dams26. Under which Schedule of the Constitution of India can the transfer of tribal land to private parties for mining be declared null and void?(a) Third Schedule(b) Fifth Schedule(c) Ninth Schedule(d) Twelfth Schedule27. The Ninth Schedule was introduced in the Constitution of India during the prime ministership of(a) Jawaharlal Nehru(b) Lal Bahadur Shastri(c) Indira Gandhi(d) Morarji DesaiSchedules28. In the context of which of the following do some scientists suggest the use of cirrus cloud thinning technique and the injection of sulphate aerosol into stratosphere?(a) Creating the artificial rains in some regions(b) Reducing the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones(c) Reducing the adverse effects of solar wind on the Earth(d) Reducing the global warmingClimate engineering –carbon capture, Bio char, stratospheric aerosol injection29. Consider the following:1. Deification of the Buddha2. Treading the path of Bodhisattvas3. Image worship and ritualsWhich of the above is/are the feature/ features of Mahayana Buddhism?(a) 1 only(b) 1 and 2 only(c) 2 and 3 only(d) 1, 2 and 3My Topic list :Buddhism features30.The Environment Protection Act, 1986 empowers the Government of India to1. state the requirement of public participation in the process of environmental protection, and the procedure and manner in which it is sought2. lay down The standards for emission or discharge of environmental pollutants from various sourcesWhich of the statements given above is/ are correct?(a) 1 only(b) 2 only(c) Both 1 and 2(d) Neither 1 nor 2My topic List :EPA31.1. The Parliament (Prevention of Disqualification) Act, 1959 exempts several posts from disqualification on the grounds of 'Office of Profit'.2. The above-mentioned Act was amended five times.3. The term 'Office of Profit' is well-defined in the Constitution of India.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?(a) 1 and 2 only(b) 3 only(c) 2 and 3 only(d) 1, 2 and 3My Topic List Polity : Office of profitoffice of Profit32.1.According to the Indian Patents Act, a biological process to create a seed can be patented in India.2. In India, there is no Intellectual Property Appellate Board.3. Plant varieties are not eligible to be patented in India.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?(a) 1 and 3 only(b) 2 and 3 only(c) 3 only(d) 1, 2 and 3My Topic List :Indian Patent and Farmer right33.In the context of wearable technology, which of the following tasks is/are accomplished by wearable devices?1. Location identification of a person2. Sleep monitoring of a person3. Assisting the hearing impaired personSelect the correct answer using the code given below.(a) 1 only(b) 2 and 3 only(c) 3 only(d) 1, 2 and 3My topic List :Cyber Physical System34.Recently, scientists observed the merger of giant 'blackholes' billions of light-years away from the Earth. What is the significance of this observation?(a) 'Higgs boson particles' were detected.(b) 'Gravitational waves' were detected.(e) Possibility of inter-galactic space travel through 'wormhole' was confirmed.(d) It enabled the scientists to understand 'singularity'.My topic List :Gravitational waves35.Consider the following pairs:Movement/OrganizationLeader1. All India Anti-Untouchability LeagueMahatma Gandhi2. All India Kisan SabhaSwami Sahajanand Saraswati3. Self-Respect MovementE. V. Ramaswami NaickerWhich of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?(a) 1 only(b) 1 and 2 only(c) 2 and 3 only(d) 1, 2 and 3My topic List :Self-respect movement37. Consider the following pairs:SeaBordering country1. Adriatic SeaAlbania2. Black SeaCroatia3. Gaspian SeaKazakhstan4. Mediterranean SeaMorocco5. Red SeaSyriaWhich of the pair given above are correctly matched?(a) 1, 2 and 4 only(b) 1, 3 and 4 only(c) 2 and 5 only(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5My Topic List :black Sea and Mediterranean Sea-38. With reference to the Legislative Assembly of a State in India, consider the following statements :1. The Governor makes a customary address to Members of the House at the commencement of the first session of the year .2. When a State Legislature does not have a rule on a particular matter, it follows the Lok Sabha rule on that matter.Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?(a) 1 only(b) 2 only(c) Both 1 and 2(d) Neither 1 nor 239. With reference to Indian National Movement, consider the following pairs:PersonPosition held1. Sir Tej Bahadur SapruPresident, All India Liberal Federation2. K. C. NeogyMember, The Constituent Assembly3. P. C. JoshiGeneral Secretary, Communist Party of IndiaMy Topic List :Constituent assemblySantosh Sir Elimination Techniques:Can you share your intelligent guessing tricks?40 . With reference to Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), consider the following statements1. AIIB has more than 80 member nations.2. India is the largest shareholder in AIIB.3. AIIB does not have any members from outside Asia.Which of the statements given above is / are correct?(a) 1 only(b) 2 and 3 only(c). 1 and 3 only(d) 1, 2 and 3Answer: aHere statement 2 and statement 3 can be eliminated because they are extreme. You can read what I had advised in my intelligent guessing tricks.41. What was the purpose of Inter-Creditor Agreement signed by Indian banks and financial institutions recently?(a) To lessen the Government of India's perennial burden of fiscal deficit nd current account deficit(b) To support the infrastructure projects of Central and State Governments(c) To act as independent regulator in case of applications for loans of Rs. 50 crore or more(d) To aim at faster resolution of stressed assets of Rs. 50 crore or more which are-under consortium lendingAnswer: dHere option c and d can only be the answer as they are common.42. The Chairmen of public sector banks are selected by the(a) Banks Board Bureau(b) Reserve Bank of India(c) Union Ministry of Finance(d) Management of concerned bankAnswer: cTopic List : Banking bsics43. Consider the following statements:1. Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB) is the first regulatory body set up by the Government of India.2. One of the tasks of PNGRB is to, ensure competitive markets for gas.3. Appeals against the decisions of PNGRB go before the Appellate Tribunals for Electricity.Which of the statements given above are correct?(a) 1 and 2 only(b) 2 and 3 only(c) 1 and 3 only(d) 1, 2 and 3Answer: bHere also extreme statement like First in option 1 can be eliminated. Thus we get the answer.44. With reference to communication technologies, what is/are the difference / differences between LTE (Long-Term Evolution) and VoLTE (Voice over Long-Term Evolution)?1. LTE 'is commonly marketed as 3G and VoLTE is commonly marketed as advanced 3G.2. LTE is data-only technology and VoLTE is voice-only technology.Select the correct answer using the code given below.(a) 1 only(b) 2 only(c) Both 1 and 2(d) Neither 1 nor 2Answer: dTopic List : 5G 4 G.45. Which one of the following is not a sub-index of the World Bank's 'Ease of Doing Business Index'?(a) Maintenance of law and order(b) Paying taxes(c) Registering property(d) Dealing with construction permitsAnswer: aHere option a is unrelated to the question , thus can be eliminated easily. Other 3 deals with doing business.Some indirect Topics46.The Chairmen of public sector banks are selected by the(a) Banks Board Bureau(b) Reserve Bank of India(c) Union Ministry of Finance(d) Management of concerned bankBanking basics:47.Which of the following is not included in the assets of a commercial bank in India?(a) Advances(b) Deposits(e) Investments(d). Money at call and short noticeMy Topic list :Banking48. With reference to the cultivation of Kharif crops in India in the last five years, consider the following statements:1. Area under rice cultivation is the highest.2. Area under the cultivation of jowar is more than that of oilseeds.3. Area of cotton cultivation is more than that of sugarcane.4. Area under sugarcane cultivation has steadily decreased.Which of the statements given above are correct?(a) 1 and 3 only(b) 2, 3 and 4 only(c) 2 and 4 only(d) 1, 2, 3 and 449. Consider the following statements:A digital signature is1. an electronic record that identifies the signNowing authority issuing it2. used to serve as a proof of identity of an individual to access information or server on Internet.3. an electronic method of signing an electronic document and ensuring that the original content is unchangedWhich of the statements given above is / are correct?(a) 1 only(b) 2 and 3 only(c) 3 only(d) 1, 2 and 3Answer: dMy Topics list - Digital India51. Which of the following statements are correct about the deposits of 'methane hydrate?1. Global warming might trigger the release of methane gas from these deposits.2. Large deposits of 'methane hydrate' are found in Arctic Tundra and under the seafloor.3. Methane in atmosphere oxidizes to carbon dioxide after a decade or two.Select the correct answer using the code given below.(a) 1 and 2 only(b) 2 and 3 only(c) 1 and 3 only(d) 1, 2 and 3My topic List : Climate change and oceans and Deep Ocean Mining.There are many more which I didn’t include because they were indirect.My point here is if you understand the nature and demand of exam , its easy. I have done it not once but six times . You can also do it.But you have to cut the clutter. If you read and follow unnecessary online stuff daily which UPSC will never ask , you are bound to lose as your precious time will get wasted.For free mains guidance :( AsksantoshSir- telegram)How can I join the PGP program for 2020?We are starting mains guidance in a week . I will continue guiding you in this journey . But always remember
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