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in Ghana thousands of Chinese miners are involved in an illegal Gold Rush that's stripping the country of a precious resource it's destroying farmland and wrecking livelihood yeah be still my future now it's devastating the environment in a safe a toxic mix of money and weapons is leading to resentment and violence my channel is well our fun fun lesson finally nobody a lot either and the government admits the problem is out of control the skills is so vast it is difficult to actually quantify across Africa China is striking deals to secure access to raw materials vital to its economic growth China's government has given Ghana a three billion dollar loan to develop its infrastructure more than ten thousand Chinese immigrants are arriving here every year many of them hoping to make money I wasn't done car six hours drive from the capital across I'd heard that hundreds of Chinese miners had arrived here in the past two years their presence in the town was hard to miss it even has a Chinese supermarket Dunkwa is a boomtown its streets are lined with shops offering to buy gold as soon as I arrived I heard two Chinese miners have been arrested outside the police station I met Francis aqua he grows cocoa one of Ghana's biggest exports he said he'd arrived at his farm to find that two men had driven a digger onto a field and started to dig for gold yeah I was coming to the laundry it's trendy cuckoo the cocoa farmer he said he could scarcely believe what had happened it was a shock to me well then that is mine that is my life you know cocoa farming it's a future it's my future you have destroyed my future now how would I get time off for my children anyway for the know the miners were in the station but the police refused to let me see them off the record a senior officer said that the area had been swamped by illegal Chinese miners and he didn't have the resources to stop them only Ghanaians can get licenses the small scale gold mining foreigners can provide equipment and services but just 75 Chinese people have legal permission to do so according to government figures from August garners chamber of Mines says that thousands of Chinese people work in mining I left town to track down some Chinese miners deep in the forest I could hear an excavator at work this area used to be covered in trees and now as far as the eye can see they've been cut down these huge pits have been dug out and they're filled with water in the heart of the mine Chinese miners with digging up the gravel they were looking for a heavy black sand that contains gold or gold mining is hugely profitable because of the global economic downturn it's price has doubled in four years 40-year old Wang Ren Zhong had been a tea farmer in China he said there was only one reason he'd come woman gasps oh well oh seung-ah so will our young Jolyon well Oh sing Chan he said he was paid about 120 pounds a week much more than he could earn in China why do ghanaians need Chinese people to come here and work on these mines mmm why you Butchie wobble you're talking to her I don't like that silly you tell me a threesome and David's an idea whoa hold on the mantle he worked with eight ghanaians who came from another region but he said there was tension between the Chinese miners and people from the local villages there were several empty shotgun cartridges on the ground around us why do you need to have guns here my channel is well a fun fun lesson the family member darrenlotta either there are regular reports of Chinese miners being robbed for their gold and the money they earn from it is it legal for you to be working here on this mine well muscled up on Yoko you cool your Hong Kong moment you can and then that's a la one decision Simon city truly the minerals Commission the government body that grants mining licenses told us it had not authorized a mine here off camera Zhang's boss admitted the mine was operating illegally according to one expert 95% more scale mining is illegal for decades Ghanaians have been able to dig for gold using traditional tools the law aims to provide much-needed jobs while protecting the environments but the arrival of the Chinese has led to big changes the machinery they use often leaves behind significant amounts of gold that can only be extracted by hand this has created a new secondary industry that's drawn in thousands morganians hoping to strike it rich but it can be dangerous work in a local hospital I found 35-year old Gao assuming having his broken leg treated he said he'd been looking for gold in an abandoned Chinese pit minimize Jenna he says that when a woman Anna's oh yeah said he knew mining was dangerous that he had a wife and children and this earned him more than being a farm labourer how are you support your family while you're injured no no I am paying I mean are there Emelia jam 4 is in charge of the accident and emergency unit she said she saw lots of injured miners they come with fractures gunshot wounds chest injuries when a happen inside you know they bleed internally and if care is not taken as sometimes you know they can't die within one or two hours what's the most serious you see he fell into a pit and you know the sand collapsed on him you are suffering from internal bleeding we decided to refer the patients we had a message later on that the patient died do you think enough is being done to protect people working in mining I don't think I don't think so because the number of injured cases you know keep on increasing outside I met addressee Suraj who said he was an excavator driver at a nearby mine he claimed he'd been assaulted by a Chinese worker after an argument he climbed a machine the camera started to beat I was in the seat I couldn't do anything unless God protect me he said he was shocked by the attack and wouldn't go back to work at the mine the doesn't have respect to human being we were unable to talk to the Chinese miner to get his side of the story it Tracy said he'd reported the assault to the police what the Janice did some bad you take him to the polling station they come in the morning are you saying the Chinese bribe the police yeah police corruption is widespread in Ghana several people including a senior officer told me that the police were being paid off by illegal miners everywhere I went I saw more mines in 1/2 kilometer stretch of road I passed a five huge pits in some villages the illegal mining boom was even affecting children in one pit I found 14-year old a classy kweku and his brother Yao a Casey said they've been working there for a year the MiG I'm gonna do he told me they earned more here than working in the fields or gathering firewood to sell they really needed the money a Kwesi said they sold their goal to a man in the village I wanted to meet him they took me to the local witch doctor quake who Jimena who is also a gold trader good evening outside the house they washed the blacks and they've gathered to get rid of any remaining soil the witch doctor gave them some mercury to extract gold from the sand mercury is highly toxic and can cause lifelong disability there's no known safe level of exposure a quasi burnt off the mercury to leave behind the goal the witch doctor gave him four CDs about 1 pound 40 which are Cayce said he'd give to his uncle's some days they found no gold and weren't paid at all he said money was so tight he dropped out of school a quasi said that lots of his friends were also dropping out of school he hoped he could start going again soon the arrival of the Chinese miners was clearly having a profound impact on this village the law is supposed to protect children from doing dangerous work but isn't it illegal for children like this to be working in mining lingo is it again it's almost a per incident : force also no effective one destined I'm doing a video you need do you feel you are profiting for children doing illegal work but even he thought the mining had been bad for the village the government says that drinking water is being poisoned by the chemicals used in mining such as mercury and cyanide I headed back to the capital across I'd heard there were plans for a crackdown on illegal mining involving the military police and immigration officers I went to see the army officer leading it Brigadier General Daniel Nishio can you describe the scale of illegal mining in Ghana the scale is so vast it is difficult to actually quantify you just have to go out into all the regions where we have minerals just to get to see the scale so it's really on a very huge scale how successful have the operations you've carried out so far being they've been quite successful I wouldn't say fully successful most of the operation that we've conducted if you get back into the areas you see that after we had finished operations unless we sustained them you get back they go back into the areas he told me that this year they did ensure that illegal miners couldn't return I asked if the authorities really had the capacity to do that it is a daunting task but we yes we have the capacity by the end of the year we want to see all illegal mining in Reverse in forest reserves down to zero is that it is an achievable goal the authorities are remarkably frank about the scale of this problem and it's clear that they are taking steps to stop it but it seems to me that even if they meet their own targets of stopping all illegal mining on rivers and in forest reserves by the end of 2013 they'll still have only dealt with a tiny part of the overall problem there was one more thing I wanted to find out what happens to all of the gold produced in small-scale mines the answer was surprising much of it appears to be bought by the state's own gold trading body the precious minerals marketing company or one of its 750 licensed agents it openly states that it buys gold from small-scale mines but claims it operates within the law and only buys from ghanaians however our evidence suggests that many of these mines are operating illegally the PMM see declines to explain what checks it carries out Ghana's Gold Rush could provide hundreds of thousands of jobs and major tax revenues instead the people benefiting most are the illegal miners what's happening here should be a warning for other countries with rich raw materials but weak governance the new rush for resources in Africa will affect the lives of millions of people for some it will be a path to prosperity but for others it will ensure they remain locked in poverty for decades to come