Sign Minnesota Banking Permission Slip Secure

Industry sign banking minnesota permission slip secure

thank you Andrew good afternoon ladies gentlemen I'm really honored and privileged to share with you the vision of the future of the energy infrastructure for our nation's for North America and in a nutshell we want to make the system smarter more resilient more secure and sustainable that's what I'm going to share with you in the next 17 minutes the main part of this that I will begin is what happy what have we learned in the last 14 15 years working in this area and what are the underpinnings of understanding complex life line infrastructure systems not just power grid but how do these infrastructures hang together what are the ways that we can make them more secure more resilient and integrate intermittent sources dynamic sources of storage of generation demand into them in a sense enable smart adaptive complex infrastructure so to begin with I share with you some of the background this is the work that are the privilege of doing when I was at Washington University in st. Louis what you are seeing here is an f-15 aircraft that an Israeli pilot landed with a missing winged this is the actual picture when an aircraft losses wing in this case doesn't only lose symmetry but loses the control surfaces both of them occur on the aircraft unstable it flips and falls like a rock this pilot was doing air combat maneuvers with his wingman and women realized what had happened he parachuted to safety the f15 pilot was sitting up here and as you know there are no rearview mirrors in an aircraft so he had no idea what had happened he controlled it by seat of his pants using engine thrust using his afterburners and the control surfaces he had he basically turned the aircraft into a missile it landed at twice the speed that it was supposed to have landed and then the pilot looked to his right and said holy cow he couldn't believe how much damage there was if he had known that he would have parachuted to safety also but he's an amazing pilot he landed it when it happened the aircraft was built by McDonnell Douglas in seeing Lewis now Boeing fantomworks should he brought a pilot they brought the aircraft was saying Lewis vivid adventure wind tunnel testing and at the privilege of part of being part of the team that develop a damaged adaptive modeling we call it parameter estimation and control for this aircraft so what we developed and it was about three doctoral dissertations later about four and a half years later we develop real time fast ways to assess what's the damage basically within three seconds after collision we could reconfigure the aircraft and know exactly how to control it against the broad array of failures damages either structural or failures equipment failure and reconfigure the system and control it every 20 milliseconds every basically one-fifth of one tenth of a second we could update the parameters of the aircraft and move it to stability this is an actual flight test at NASA Dryden in 1997 with complete hydraulic failure similar to what you may have remembered from Sioux City Iowa or you may remember the more recent unfortunate tragic ending in upstate New York that when you lose hydraulics you lose the control surfaces this is hydraulic failure the pilot puts a lateral stick blue or system compensates for the damage and follows on the red line so almost precisely follows the command of the aircraft so to share with you in a nutshell we did this I did this beginning in 83 1983 working on systems single aircraft squadron of aircraft if one aircraft goes onto aircraft in the squadron go down can you keep the mission effectiveness then we moved on to networks for Department of Defense Air Mobility Command Transportation Command what if an airbase goes down what if a fueling capability gosselin so during dynamic real-time risk assessment and also reconfiguration of these systems move to civilian application intelligent transportation systems intelligent vehicle highway systems and then move to I had the privilege of leading mathematics and information sciences for our nation's organization is a 501c3 called electric power research institute every in palo alto so in that we move this whole area into large-scale interdependent lifeline national infrastructures so during 1998 2002 funded 28 universities in the united states 108 professors over 240 graduate students in the area that we call complex interactive networks how to make this large-scale coupled systems adaptive responsive enabling interconnection of renewable sources other sources into them and also understanding the dynamics between price what's an environmental impact that was very successful this is called the mother of smart grid this was the initiative that letra smart grid and what at the time I called self-healing grid later on became interleague grid and modern rate so in a nutshell what we do and this is actually as human beings we can feel this relate to it we have normal normal state there is no disturbance things happen we either go into an alert mode precursors occur we don't detect them but we realize we got to do something or sometimes they're abrupt and we just go to the emergency mode and then we try to restore the system so there are principles that since the 60s we have developed handling these highly complex highly nonlinear and highly unpredictable so it's an oxymoron in some way it's a contradiction we want to make complex systems that's really the ultimate goal but in a nutshell we don't want to dilute it we don't want to make this system stupid we want to make them simple but smart if that makes any sense so the idea is how do we distribute intelligence where do we put them with the goals of increasing security reliability resilience robustness and efficiency those are the five goals that we go after so since then at every I won't talk too much about that we had the privilege of doing it after nine eleven I happen to be in Washington DC less than a mile away from pentagon presenting to the White House ostp and other agencies on that tragic day when I got back to Palo out on friday night I was put in charge of all the security research and development for our nation's utilities so we took some of this work and applied it to how can we make our the role of science and technology beyond not just guard dogs cameras and grants but what can science and technology would do dynamic risk assessment protectively configuration of the system to save the system and penetrations for better their cyber communication systems or whether they are attacks on the system to be localized but six and a half years ago after that move took two paths to University of Minnesota so some of the work that I will share with you has both of these but in a nutshell when I dig into the smart grid before I dig into it think about all the challenges we have when it is environmental security national security economic security I know we have a cheat sheet on the screen but when you sit back and close your eyes and think what is at the core of all three challenges what's at the next rose environmental economic national security its energy security so it's when we think about we think about our nation America re-imagined that's at the core of one of the key areas that we a problem that matters for our 21st century United States and underneath that what pieces are there this at the beginning may seem like a very forbidding view graph but allow me to together let's walk through it on your left hand side you're seeing all the input all of our total energy that we use in the United States all the input to the system on the left hand side is all the input on the right hand side is all the total system how well how efficiently is this energy used so forty percent of our total energy comes from petroleum 22.6 percent from natural gas 22.8 from coal eight percent from nuclear less than six thousands of a percent from solar point 15 from wind point three geothermal biomass is about two point eight percent hydro is about the same 2.7% so they go through values uses values channels from transportation sector and you're going to have a great presentation later on on both the both of the areas that I'm highlighting here in this panel what do you think is the overall end-to-end system efficiency the way we use energy in India with basically in the United States forty-three percent over fifty-five percent is wasted how I'm an engineer I like muscle cars the car I Drive has 380 horsepower 84 it's losing a few here maybe it's three eighty plus a couple donkeys now but but but but the efficiency of that vehicle is about fourteen percent so from well to wheel you get very low efficiency what if today you are going to hear more about transportation what if you Electrify transportation and you put electrons you don't sweep it under the rug we got to treat the second message I want to share with you we got to treat the whole system not just a soft system because if you optimize subsystem you do not take care of the whole system we got to go from micro to macro from local similar to aircraft to squadron of aircraft to whole network similarly for our energy so then you look at the two biggest sources of loss these are the gray pipelines the largest one is coming from transportation sector is 29 and half percent losses from their electricity my area is 25.5 the grid itself is in that sense is very efficient that was the way it was designed because it was more efficient for alternating current to be producing massive amounts away from population centers and then bring it through high voltage transmission lines into population centers the grid loses about six seven to nine percent loss the big sources of loss are at the two ends are at the generation side fossil fuels being converted to electrons and at the end using our homes our officiants our electric light bulbs in your homes the amazing innovation by Edison what do you think was the efficiency of that seven percent it's a better source of heat 93% heat than illumination similarly our refrigerators have gotten about fifty percent larger than 1970s and they use about one third of the electricity we are improving but we have a long way to go in n use efficiency LED lighting has about 12 times more efficiency than the original light bulb so when you look at all these these are the recommendations that on behalf of institute of electrical electronics engineers and American Society of Mechanical Engineers discover magazine and National Science Foundation I made last week to the Congress so number one in is increasing system efficiency number two is building a network because the most efficient way to capture energy and transfer that energy is not true compressed air or compressed ammonia or or hydrogen the most efficient way is through electrons so you need to have a super highway retrofitting the existing North American 21 sixteen thousand miles of high-voltage line with a system that would enable our 21st century digital society is this part transforming the network expanding the transmission and the other part is breaking an addiction to oil transforming transportation but from sources that are sustainable and basically sources that are more efficient and more secure finally greening of the grid is the use of renewables together with advanced nuclear we have 104 reactors in the nation how many designs do you think this 104 reactors have 100 403 actually to be precise French had generation one generation to generation three now they are going to generation for from a maintenance from a regulation point of view makes a lot easier and there is a lot more we can do in storage if we are gonna if you're going to develop a system that integrates intermittent sources such as solar such as wind we need to have storage because these sources are intermittent you need to store the energy so everything from you're going to hear more about in into this presentation but from electronically controlled flywheels to advanced battery technology to other innovations that we're going to hear more today or during Q&A I'd be happy to help should you give you an idea the gray areas is their sources of energy are the red dots are population growth centers in our nation the blue arrows is the direction that energy has to be captured and transported so what do you think this gives you an insight to this gives you insight to the superhighways that we need to retrofit our existing system with here it is the maroon part the existing north american grid which is a marvel of engineering as an amazing system National Academy of Engineering termed it as the greatest achievement of engineering in the last century actually the gentleman in charge of that Blue Ribbon Commission in to toss and was Neil Armstrong when he was selected I thought always man walking on the moon is the greatest achievement but you know what we thought networks are vacation we could have never walked on the moon without networks of electrification everything in this room will go dark so this network needs to be upgraded and the backbone we need to put on top of it is the maroon part your sink american electric power that also operates in 11 state has been an assessment in addition to do ii every other organizations what it would take to integrate renewables in this case wind into the grid existing high voltage that they have is the green part the orange part is what needs to be developed and retrofitted expanded this also will help electrification of transportation so in a nutshell i interviewed colleagues from nature magazine july of last year their graphic artists did a fantastic job capturing the whole vision much better than I could have done here it is retrofitting buildings with building integrated sources with other solar panels they're building integrated wind storage not necessarily compressed air but other storage integration of renewables retrofitting existing infrastructure it's about a 1 trillion dollar system we are talking about a trillion dollar system you have invested already in the last century but it's being operated more like a 1960s aircraft rather than a 2010 aircraft the control system and sensing we're using for most parts of it an ability to make it more secure it would take about six areas of development for us to transform it real time understanding of what's going on integration of renewables into it self-healing system asset management and online monitoring participation intelligent devices in our home that can negotiate price demand response reduced emissions this vision Wired magazine captured what we were doing basically every Network every node in the network of the future will be smart will be eco-sensitive and adaptive and interconnected with everything else however this system is underfunded here I captured how much money goes into research and development as a percentage of net sales where would you expect electricity that underpins our economy and our quality of life to be on your left hand side you are seeing the top 10 engineering management services computers pharmaceuticals amusement parks from six percent 6.2 % r about thirteen percent of net sales goes into R&D electricity is grouped together with gas and sanitation services is second from the bottom this was the data analyzed 1995 to 2000 unfortunately that number has dropped the new number is this used to be the data is shared with you used to be point three percent of net sales went into research and development that has dropped 2.17 of a percent we are only second to pulp and paper in how much we spend so this is an engine for economic growth investment in this system up bringing it to the 21st century I have done assessment technology assessment policy assessment of what it would take in a risk management long-term to make this transportation happen here is a snapshot of enabling parts as well as part you build on top of the foundational part foundational parts are energy and power information technologies nano by OIT on top of it you can build in minnesota medical devices are huge medical devices agri technologies and security for us bigger picture i have done assessments of it for developing parts of the world egypt taiwan and for advanced societies european societies china india as well as united states and canada how do we expand if you will or economic development in a way that it is based on science and technology it is secure it is resilient to disturbances and it is sustainable so in a nutshell these are the areas with the help from my colleague Curt froggatt at University of Minnesota the areas that we have us we have we have assessed and you're looking even more into in this area Kerr calls it focus basically and he caused the whole thing about face conversation having focus having alignment building networks of collaboration such as what you're doing and execution so to conclude we have to transform this infrastructure from what was built to provide electrons for lights and refrigeration to one that energizes a network digital economy and to do this I'm asking for your leadership it takes leadership to transform this and commitment to make it happen so the challenge is will this infrastructure be left as a relic of the last century will be the energizing enabling infrastructure for a digital society in this century especially when you think globally there 1.2 billion people in the world with no access to electricity 1.4 billion people have inadequate access they have their origins or four hours or longer per day and most of their challenges have boiled down to what we you know trilemma of sustainability population pollution poverty and that is the main challenge for our 21st century and a challenge that matters for us in America to think of it as a systematic way and transform the infrastructure into smaller smarter more resilient more secure a sustainable system thank it's great