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[Music] [Music] during a 50-year period between 1860 and 1911 about a hundred and fifty two thousand indentured workers from across India arrived in the natal colony which was then under British rule Indian immigrants came here either as indentured laborers with five-year renewable contracts or as passenger aliens because they paid their own fares the primary reason for coming to natal was the promise of a better life what awaited the endangered laborer was extreme hardship betrayal abuse and inhuman treatment the early settlers took the risk and triumphed over their child's and tribulations their fight against injustice was a fight for all oppressed people in South Africa and their contribution was for the good of all South Africans we are proudly South African the yearning to know who we are where we come from is still strong in many Indian South Africans not because they want to return to India far from it the desire to know is innate and many have tried to trace their roots knowing that we came from this crucial to know where we actually couldn't go to having a grasp of all of our history is imperative to plan the future for me for sister India fired me with this passion because for the first time in my life I began to identify with a wider society I felt at home with the culture with the religion Buddhist traditions and across South Africa at the time of the arrival of Indians in this country as indentured Labor's slavery had been abolished and in in the pursuit of reliable and experienced labor the British in this country South Africa we cost to those Indians under day control in India and I believe that we were brought here under the control and stewardship of the British government and they have an obligation to us at some point in time there's been untold hurt and the provisions over the last hundred and fifty years and as proud as we are of our South African origins there are many questions that needs to be answered yes there are many questions to ask like what is the liability of the British government think about it and while you do Krishnaji a first generation Indian South African is one of the few descendants who managed to trace his roots a human capital development specialist he now makes available affordable conference facilities for disadvantaged communities what I heard for my eldest brother was that my father indicated that when he was orphaned in India his uncles his father's brothers to create the house and the fields from him and they had nothing more to live for in India so he decided to come to South Africa when Chris was seven years old his father was already Cindy looking at his father on his deathbed he vowed that one day he would visit his father's village in India in October 2009 it became a reality and we got but cut apart Nagar everybody knew her the village won and under ten minutes I was sitting in my dad dad job and I dare say with the whole village I met Vicky Gary Naidu and he took me to the back of Dolf and showed me acres and acres of rice fields this senior relative armed with documented evidence reported to the Council of village elders that Krish really owned the land and that they should give it to him what plucked me there was day honestly but I heard them that I didn't come their pre narrative but why would you meet my family Perry Perry achi retired superintendent of Education has researched the plight of indentured labourers we get some idea of what awaited the unsuspecting settler in 1890 my grandfather landed on the shores of Addington Beach they took from Addington Beach to Tonga crossed rivers without bridges into trick forests where animals and snakes keys only to fail that what they were promised was not available they were promised good comfortable homes they were allocated accommodation 10 feet by 10 feet corrugated rabbit-like hatches height you had to bin under the door way and walk in our forebears my grandfather had to build his own toilet outside water had to be fetched from the rivers the 10 feet by 10 feet was for a family of probably father mother two children or three children and not one had window not one had a chimney and for the rest of their stay there that was their abode getting up at 4 o clock in the morning fixing themselves up going into the cane fields being flogged being whipped so that the day's walk would be done more often than not the laborer the cane cutter were dehumanized mr. Purdy Archie emphasized more often than not the labourer the cane cutter was dehumanize a story from the book the settler by tipi Naidu vividly portrays this inhumanity a tragic incident occurred at suzelle on the south coast of colonial natal at about 6:30 one morning the laborers were having breakfast of sour mealy porridge in vinegar chilies some of the laborers complained to the foreman that there was less salt in the porridge the foreman reported the incident to the farmer the farmer was furious on hearing the complaint from his laborers [Music] accompanied by his Foreman he walked over to the place where the laborers were having their porridge the labourers became intimidated by the farmer and stopped eating sarcastically the farmer asked if they wanted more salt in the presence of all he urinated in the bowls of porridge [Music] he threatened them and forced them to drink the pouch [Music] humiliated stripped of their dignity and utterly ashamed the laborers were unable to face their families and fellow workers that same day five men took their own lives [Music] [Music] news of these and numerous other atrocities found their way back to the authorities in India eventually resulting in the Commission the Commission said this of the Indian settlers history will never be able to eradicate the knowledge of the extreme pain suffered by the immigrant no can it denied the heavy price that they paid with their lives blood our struggle heroes were recognized often but the women in their lives who bore the brunt of their sacrifice were the real unsung heroes and so when you look at the struggle that we've been involved in then we must recognize the very critical role played by women and in this case Indian women who by and large most of them were women who were at home many places were sang many heroes but I want to say this being in MK that our true unsung heroes has been the wives those comrades that guide those commoners I went to prison and those commoners simply because they went to tremendous amount of hardship both physically mentally Indian women were not found wanting they came to meetings they were members of the executive end of the Working Committee they carried on their own and even in 1952 with the Defiance Campaign Indians played their part a lot of people don't realize that is the wound folk there's a backbone of our struggle in this country they the ones that incurred all the hardships we had our three meters a day when we're in prison and we were you know locked up we had nothing to worry about really but worried about what's happening outside whether we are going to be free or whether the authorities are going to get rid of us in some way or the other now the wives really take the brunt of the freedom struggle they may not get on two platforms make speeches and talk about you know the hardships that they incur accepted silently and you know conduction charge in a manner which one can be proud of people remember importantly people who are banned people who are exact people who went to prison people who were sentenced and so on people remember that but behind those people start a whole root of people right who served a support network for us right and they actually are the true heroes and heroines of the spark why are you in prison for 18 years here's my wife she carried on when I came out my integration reintegration into society what a smooth one food because of them now we must never forget the day also the heroes and hero in the one struggle is a part a stalwart of the struggle pays tribute to someone close to his heart my mother was a very strong powerful courageous kind generous wonderful human being she was one of the first to volunteer to join the 46 passive resistance campaign we were 5 children the youngest Junaid was only 3 or 4 months old but she said to dr. Dodd oh I am ready and doctor that we said what about will of my father's he said no Kalam won't go to prison I'll go mother supported the causes of ourselves but in her own right she took part in demonstrations in prison went to prison twice using the power of innocence campaign and during the Divine's campaign and in visiting a children in prison so you almost went to many many prisons in the country that was a life a life of struggle for democracy and freedom in the scanners mrs. Harper Shukla the first generation descendant is another mother who also cooked and fed the men who toiled in the fields well where she got married he had a hard life she cooked food she took it to her father-in-law in the farms they were working in the sugarcane fields she should give them their food come back home on her way she said she has to pick up wood to come home and cook food for them for the evening daddy has eight children five which are dizziest and three are surviving she has 37 grandchildren 57 great-grandchildren and nine great-great grandchildren mrs. shuklar descendants are doctors lawyers educationists accountants and entrepreneurs award-winning author and playwright Ronny Govender fondly remembers one of the earliest states in Cato Manor when Kay demeanor was declared a white group area and 180,000 people were forced out of their homes there was a great sadness I had some vivid memories of the wonderful life there the wonderful people and of course also the sadness the poverty the difficulties and I decided to write short stories and put them away and not thinking that one day they'd be published fortunately they did get published at the age and advocator many stories which went on to win a common birth prize I am NOT going to read them the poem the epilogue and the poem would form the epilogue of this book the flesh sags Kato Menon beneath the heating crowns of mango flowers bearing promise of a child's summer the games we played the friendships we forged the battles we fought and the love we made beneath those heaving clowns of mango flowers Kato mana silence now and bush no more discovery road no more Truman Road no more hopscotch no more ripe mangoes from tumbles yard Kate Amina you've done your penance amid crumpled eviction notices 150 years on and we can hold our heads up high in the new South Africa we can be proud of our contribution to the growth and development of our country people who came here started the Indian Congress gave rise to many other Congress after conditions color People's Congress and of course the Congress of white Democrats including side to beaches the South African Congress of trade unions all these Congress is as a result of the web Congress which took or from the Indian Congress I must say that the contribution of Indian people to South Africa has been anything more than a remarkable commemoration of one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the arrival of Indians in South Africa an excellent milestone in our history and a very important occasion for us to remember it's important because it tells us about how we came here almost like slaves how we came to a very undemocratic country in 150 years we work non racialism we worked on sexism and we birthed a democratic South Africa the 16th of November is important it's it's a deep deep mark in our history it's the arrival of people were poor and vulnerable moved into situation where they were indentured to cut cane and be as some say the Ewers of hood and the drawers of water today we celebrate the fact that so many people have come through we celebrate the fact that we have a democracy we celebrate the fact that so many Indians have struggled against adversity taken big decisions in their lives to contribute to struggle through organizations inspired yes on the one hand by the likes of Gandhiji but also very importantly by very ordinary people when I think of money bent Sita when I think of a man I do I am not thinking of names that are printed over and over again in books but I think of people who've been inspiration to all young people in the Indian community and beyond yes they came for every zijn as indentured laborers or as paid passengers they took the risk encountered numerous obstacles and atrocities yes they were dehumanized but they endured paid their dues and overcame what stood in their way they left a legacy we received and we added to that legacy their sacrifice helped build a nation we fought for its freedom and we contributed to its development and growth far beyond our numerical size we are proud South Africans [Music] you [Music]