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mental health disorders can impact an individual's daily life today we will be talking about the ADHD brain attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or ADHD is a commonly misunderstood mental health condition and one that we will be discussing today ADHD is recognized in the DSM manual for mental health conditions it is characterized as a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the executive functioning of the brain research suggests that genetics could play a role in contributing to ADHD with statistics saying that 75% of children with ADHD have a relative with the disorder there are two types of ADHD inattentive also called attention deficit disorder and hyperactive or ADHD depending on the type the symptoms can differ individuals who have the inattentive type of ADHD can experience symptoms such as not paying close attention to details or making careless mistakes trouble focusing on tasks or conversations distraction while listening not following instructions and not completing tasks individuals who have the hyperactive or impulsive type of ADHD can experience symptoms such as fidgeting tapping hands or feet not being able to stay seated and talking too much these symptoms present themselves equally in males and females and ADHD is not a sex specific disorder however females are under diagnosed and males are over diagnosed with ADHD in fact clinic based studies by the CDC have recorded a male-to-female ratio of about 2 to 1 in ADHD diagnoses specifically in children that are aged 5 to 17 years old you have perhaps heard that ADHD is a male disorder this is definitely a myth there is a notion that hyperactivity is a male characteristic and as a result males are often over diagnosed females are misdiagnosed with emotionally based psychiatric illnesses such as anxiety and mood disorders as of right now diagnoses of 80 she occurs through a comprehensive evaluation by a clinician who could be a pediatrician psychologist or a psychiatrist there are two routes of treatment for ADHD the first route is medication the two medications used to treat ADHD are methylphenidate and unfed Amin both medications target the prefrontal cortex of the brain which is responsible for executive functions hormones like dopamine and norepinephrine travel across the neuron through the synaptic cleft the longed-for hormone stays in the synaptic cleft the longer its affects our dopamine helps with concentration under normal conditions dopamine's days in the synaptic cleft for long enough to allow a person to concentrate however in individuals with ADHD hormones like dopamine don't stay in the synaptic cleft for a long period of time making it hard for them to concentrate methylphenidate and amphetamine work by inhibiting the reuptake of these hormones from the synaptic cleft by blocking their receptors so that they can stay there for longer thereby helping with ADHD symptoms specifically attention and thinking recent research like the one conducted by Hodgkin and colleagues in 2012 concluded that both medications are equally as effective as each other and they are prescribed on an individual basis in addition to medication psychotherapy is considered to be another route for treatment cognitive behavioral therapy CBT and behavioral therapy are two areas of psychotherapy that can help improve behavior self control and self esteem and ADHD patients psychotherapy sessions focus on three core areas including organization and planning distractibility and cognitive restructuring recent research is looking at how video games could help with ADHD symptoms in children a proof-of-concept study was conducted by Davis and colleagues at the Duke University School of Medicine a video game called Project Evo was developed with high quality graphics and reward loops designed to be engaging for children and to address the underlying areas of neuro cognitive functioning that are impacted in ADHD the results showed that 84% of treatment sessions were completed and that the intervention was appealing and well accepted significant improvements were found in the computerised attention task for the ADHD group and highly ADHD impaired severity subgroup improvements were also found in spatial working memory for the ADHD group and the highly impaired ADHD high severity subgroup while there was no change for the non ADHD group the findings from this study hold promise that this treatment could help children with ADHD and it is currently under review by the FDA several resources also exists to help those experiencing symptoms of ADHD McMaster University has resources like the student accessibility services for SAS and ADHD focus groups that individuals can participate in other general resources are children and adults with 8 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder attitude totally a DD how to ADHD and the National Resource Center on ADHD which also operates a call center that has trained staff to answer questions about ADHD everyone should educate themselves about mental health conditions like ADHD and avoid believe in common myths we hope this video clarified what ADHD really is and the struggles that somebody has going through it thank you for watching