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hello everybody and welcome to a new episode of learning about the seer database today we're going to learn how to calculate the the crude incidence rate the age specific incident rates and the age adjusted incident rates of any cancer using the seer stand software [Music] I was hoping today to give you a more practical session using the seer stat software but due to some technical problem that I've got with my software I've decided to give you like introduction to the topic because it's very important and many seer based research papers have been done using that metric of cancer so it's it's looked at this video as a as an introduction to how to calculate the specifically the age adjusted rates because the crude rates and the age specific rates are just for your knowledge but if you are going to compare the cancer incidence rates between two populations or within one population across time the age adjusted rates will be the most important the first thing that we need to to do is to to go to this web page of highlighted I've highlighted the URL for your kind care and I will put it in the description of the video below and this describes step by step approach to calculating the age adjusted rates and along the way we are going to know as well how to get the crude rates and the age specific rates so basically when you go to this website the first step that that we have to do is we can get the age the age groups the specific age groups of any cancer using any registry on the seer database and for this table that is shown here there are about I think there are about 18 age groups here in this table starting from zero years which means below one year of age and going on until over 85 years of age and for every age group there is a count which is the number of new cases that are diagnosed for such a cancer using this count within a in comparison to a a certain population which which is called the people at risk of developing this cancer we can get the crude incidence rate like we like we will show you next so this is like the first step and when you click Next when you click Next they will show you the population and they will show you the crude rates which actually is this count divided by this population times 100,000 patients and they are showing it here in this formula so the crude rate is the count over the population multiplied by 100,000 patients and that crude rate will be like twenty point seven cases per 100,000 patients you can scroll down and you can check the calculations yourself so this is how we get the crude rate and actually the crude rate if if it's given in relation to specific age groups we call it an age specific crude incident rate of the cancer for the one to four years of age we have got a count of 78 new cases and if we divided it by the number of the population which is five hundred and fifty three thousand one hundred and ninety eight patients it will give you like a number of zeros before that 15 so that when we multiply it by 100 that 100 thousand patients we get the fifteen point seven cases per 100,000 patients a trip and that is the crude rate that is the crude incidence incidence rate of that cancer given within that registry and according to this population in which the cases were detected and that is called the crude rate and within a specific age group I repeat this will be an age specific crude rates here we hear they're giving you of the seer registry in which they have extracted this data now we'll click Next so this is how they calculated the age adjustment incident rates so within each age group they have put in the count column and the population column and that's how we got the crude rates and this is for your knowledge this is not for your comparison like up to the crude rates and up to the age specific crude rate it's just for knowledge but starting from here starting from those three columns on the right we are calculating an incident rate that we can use for comparison because it was proven that the Croods incident rate of cancer is dependent on age and by adjusting the crude rates to a new age distribution of a standard population we can get a new crude rates in which we can compare to other populations as well I don't know if you understand this from the first time but it is well known that crude rates depend upon age and the crude rate depends upon the composition of the population like if a cancer is more prevalent within a certain age group like if it's more prevalent in older people and it happens that a certain community is composed of like 80 percent old people in 20% younger people so this will give me an overrated crude incident rates but if we compare this to a standard population in which another in which another distribution of the age groups is presented then I can relate the screwed rates to the standard population to get a standardized age-related incident rates and that will be more accurate and more suitable for comparison so if we see this this example before so within the same table we can see that within the 1 to 4 years of age the crude rate is 15 point 7 cases per 100,000 patients whereas if we related this to a to a u.s. standard population with a new wait for this age group like this is the new wait for this age group we get a new incident rate an age adjusted incident rate of 0.8 e7 case for 100,000 patient how did we get this number it is it's simple first of all we get the the different counts of the different age groups within the standard population and then we divide it by the total of this population like if we divided the 15 million 190 1619 patients of the 1 to 4 years of age group divided by the total then we get this distribution and all we have to do is after getting this new age distribution or the new age weighted distribution we then multiply this by the crude rate to get the new age adjusted incident rates the age adjusted incidence rates and you can repeat this in all the other age groups so you can see now how different the age adjusted incidence rates differ from the crude incident rates you can repeat that for all other age groups and then you can get the HR justice rate which you can use for comparison like I said this is a this is an eye-opener this is an introduction and I'm sorry that I did not make any practical applications on it using the seer stat software which I will do once my technical problem is over so I hope I hope I have gained your attention I've raised your attention on this a new topic and in the next episode we'll have more practical examples on how to make these using the seer stat software thank you very much [Music]