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sup guys I'm Kim Bhd here and one of my favorite things about making videos with this high-end gear is the images that these cameras can capture is legit absolutely incredible behind the scenes what you might not know is the actual video file that I'm uploading to YouTube looks significantly better on my computer than on YouTube like it looks pretty good on YouTube and you can watch in 4k and it looks pretty crispy and sharpened but it looks miles better when I'm looking at it in QuickTime on my computer after I've exported it to the point where sometimes I'm like why don't I spend so much time on like the little things just a little color adjustments little tiny sharpening and stabilization and things like that when at the end of the day you're just gonna watch it on your phone or on some laptop and not really notice 99% of that stuff and it's of course because that process is so fun but it's also become kind of a running joke that like if you want to shoot at a crazy high ISO or if you have a ton of noise you don't really need a D noise or because YouTube's processing will just clean up all that noise for you it'll just soften it up anyway all this is because YouTube has to compress the file we upload so in order to process all the millions of hours of video being uploaded to the site every month and process them into a 4k version and a 1440p version a 1080 a 720 a 480 all these versions and dynamically switched between them all they've got to do some smart streamlining and part of that is crunching down the video files to as small as they reasonably can so if I upload this video for example this beautiful crispy probably five gigabyte or so final file when it's all done and rendered out YouTube isn't turning around and playing back that five gigabyte monstrous file to you your Internet's not good enough to do that in the first place what they've correctly assumed is that they can compress it all the way down to just a few megabytes and it'll look pretty much just as good and it'll speed things up significantly so that being said I've always been curious how serious is this compression how serious is YouTube processing in 2019 and turns out sort of the best way to test that would be to upload a video and then download that video and then check out the difference but of course one time is not enough you got to do it I guess mr. beef style basically at this point so the plan is upload a video to YouTube let a process then download that video then upload that video let a process download that one upload that download again and keep going and keep going and keep going until it breaks further and further down and we'll do that a thousand times so this idea this has actually been done before backed by a channel in 2010 about a decade ago called ontology and they did this with a webcam video but I suspect with changes in scale and different codecs YouTube's processing has evolved a bit since then plus they now support HD videos so here we are at the end of 2019 let's see if YouTube's processing has gotten any better or any worse let's see how good it really is [Music] all right so I'm sitting in a room different from the one you're in right now and I'm recording both the sound of my voice and an image of myself I'm going to upload it to YouTube rip it from YouTube and then upload it again and download and upload again and again and again until all the original characteristics of my voice and my image are destroyed this is a test of YouTube's processing and 2019 okay so this is the original file it's 8k it's super sharp super clean white background and you know it's me moving around a little bit high quality audio as well so this is sort of your classic talking head tech video this is our base our starting point alright so I'm sitting in a room different from the one you're in right now and I'm recording both the sound of my voice and an image of myself so this is file number two so this is downloaded from YouTube's native downloader so in the YouTube video manager they give you a download option and this gives us back a 720p version so it's gonna be 720p from here on out which kind of sucks and I almost sort of wonder what it would have been like if we'd used a third-party one that would give us a 1080p version or something like that but those are not as consistent so just using straight up YouTube downloader and looking at the file you know of course there's less sharpness but it generally basically resembles the original file just to 720p version nothing too crazy all right so I'm sitting in a room different from the one you're in right now and I'm recording both the sound of my voice and an image of myself all right so five downloads in it's getting softer here for sure and we're starting to see the effects of not just losing detail but the compression algorithms at work that are trying to save detail and be efficient so basically a video compression algorithm we'll take a look at this entire video it'll scan the whole thing and essentially divide it into a bunch of smaller blocks or groups of pixels then it'll look through the video frame by frame one by one by one and if a certain block of pixels remains the same through multiple frames it'll know that it doesn't have to change much it can keep that original frame through and save some space this whole process is called block motion estimation it's very common with video compression and I like a really good video below that explains it super well it's only got a couple thousand views but I think it does the best job but basically the way we notice this is certain parts of the video that don't move like the background for example they will stay fine but the parts of the video that do move like me will start to break down a little bit all right so I'm sitting in a room different from the one you're in right now and I'm recording both the sound of my voice and an image of myself so here we go now we're getting some more dramatic compression it's super soft overall of course my face the details in it the skin is just super soft but again the background which was already soft isn't losing much detail at all in fact it kind of looks the same as the beginning because it isn't moving from frame to frame they're just keeping those old pixels until my arm passes over in front of it or something then you can kind of see it reset for a couple frames also by now you've probably noticed the audio is a bit different it turns out YouTube sort of shifts the audio or cuts back the audio by about two frames with every download and upload which isn't really enough to notice at first but now it's adding up for us to be able to see that difference all right so I'm sitting in a room different from the one you're in right now and I'm recording both the sound of my voice and an image of myself okay so we're now we're 20 downloads and 20 uploads in and we've gotten to the point where you can you can kind of start to see the blocks or like the bigger chunks of pixels that the compression algorithm is sort of holding together it's kind of like a math problem like if you just start rounding fifteen thousand five hundred fifty five which is a pretty precise measurement if you start rounding that digit by digit over and over and over again eventually you just get twenty thousand which does that make sense but what's funny is you still notice there are still moments when like I also pause I'll stop moving for a couple of frames and it'll also sharpen up again like that right there at 27 seconds for a second there there were consecutive frames that I didn't really change too much and so it duplicated the pixels and it looked clear for a second and then I move again and it goes right back into chaos alright so I'm sitting in a room different from the one you're in right now and I'm recording both the sound of my voice and an image of myself okay so the audio shift continues this time the audio doesn't start for a full two seconds two and a half seconds into the video and the first instance of what I'll call brutal blockiness is also what's happening it's grouping like blocks of blocks so like bigger sections of pixels because they're sort of close enough in color that they might as well be the same color from frame to frame and also my skin tone is shifting from brown to more magenta too if you've noticed that and the pauses where I stop moving for a second are even more dramatic like the whole video frame kind of resets so I'll wave my hand in front of the background in front of Cheerios for a second and it kind of smears magenta all over it but when it gets back to a couple still frames it all snaps back and the smears disappear it's fascinating you [Music] all right so I'm sitting in a room different from the one you're in right now it kind of just looks like now like a struggling graphics card like like someone turned r-tx off the audio takes four seconds this time to come in and you can now actually kind of hear a little bit of the audio compression start to take effect it's not nearly as drastic as the video but it kind of sounds like like behind a thin cloth a little little muffled but not too bad oh and my waving arms now are leaving disappearing faint magenta trails on my shirt and on the wall behind me alright so I'm sitting in a room different from the one you're in right now and I'm recording both this sound of my voice and an image of myself it's kind of funny the first frame of this one looks like it's gonna be okay and then it all just goes to chaos now I really look like the faceless cartoon avatar that I used to have on here the details in my skin not only as a sharpness gun but like my eyes nose and mouth are like almost completely gone too and the magenta trails are getting even more magenta they're closer to pink oh and the sound - it doesn't even sound necessarily that much worse but it's shifted so far now that the entire last sentence of the video was cut off until all the original characteristics of my voice and my image are destroyed and the pauses are so dramatic now that when it finds consecutive frames that haven't been destroyed yet like right now it's still around 26 seconds when I go from the faceless character to a human and then slowly descends back into a caricature again it's really simplifying the KOA's here with all the larger blocks of all the rounding going on the background though honestly still fine all right so I'm sitting in a room different from the one you're in right now and I'm recording both the sound of my voice and an image of myself I'm going to upload it to YouTube alright welcome to my personal hell I don't think it can get much worse than this facial features all the structure all the contrasts all the detail all of that is gone it's basically turned into pink blocks and then that best part now is just like how pristine the background still kind of is it's very similar to the original upload like even though my actual caricature has turned into a pink blob ring blob whatever those those paintings out-of-focus behind me kind of look very similar to what they first look like when I first downloaded [Music] okay so this grand finale it's got it all it's part art part chaos parts of it are completely unintelligible like you can barely tell it's like just a human being that's all you really know about what you're watching and then the blocks are even bigger look at my hairline like it looks like if you turn the graphics all the way down as low as they could possibly get then you might end up with that sort of level of Minecraft quality and the audio is completely gone so it's slid from slightly time-delayed to a little bit off to halfway through the video to sliding completely out the other side so it's completely empty there's no audio in the thousandth upload turns out the 800th video is about the last time you can hear me say anything compressed over 800 times alright I bet if we did another thousand downloads it would look kind of similar to the 1000th one also I love that it's still triggers the HD badge because it is technically still the 720p file but now that this is done you can see any or all of the thousand uploads on the channel linked below so you can see the auto-generated thumbnails get progressively worse more nightmarish over time and I'll basically toss in all the important links below to a milestone video so you can check them out for yourself alright so I'm sitting in a room different from the one you are in right now and I'm recording both the sound of my voice and an image of myself I'm going to upload it to YouTube rip it from YouTube and then upload it again and download and upload again and again and again until all the original characteristics of my voice and my image heartbroken breath blowing welcome so what have we learned from doing all this well number one I will say I think I have more respect for YouTube's processing and all their compression than I did before I obviously still think it looks much better on my computer than on YouTube but it looks much better than the 2010 version I can say that for sure but then number two the audio held up pretty well aside from the whole shifting issue so the actual quality was pretty decent it got a little muffled but it didn't turn into a puddle which is I say that because in the original back in 2010 with that webcam video have a look this is his 1000th video that is hilarious so I found this all fascinating was it a gigantic waste of time no I think someone had to do it so either way that's been it I'm happy to finally share this with you after our weeks and weeks of uploading and downloading and shout out to the original which was an audio experiment so I'll link the info to that below as well with all the rest of the stuff it'll all be below the like button if you want to check it out and of course feel free to share this video with anyone who might be interested in a high-quality super scientific analysis of YouTube processing in 2019 thanks for watching catch you guys the next one peace