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[Music] pandemic has increased our dependency on digital technology as a result education has changed dramatically with the distinctive rise of e-learning whereby teaching is undertaken remotely and on digital platforms this new way of education can be particularly useful to continue rural extension and improve knowledge of our agriculture workers technicians professionals and farmers e-learning is the best and safest option during these challenging times the international potato center cip started development of a comprehensive e-training course on sustainable production and marketing of potato considering gender topics for farmers scientists and technicians international potato center promotes active involvement of women in both scientific and practical activities in agriculture and stimulates the interest of female farmers in the field of potato growing today's topic is gender equality wow i think it's interesting topic but really abstract to give itself is this definition so as a social scientist in agriculture and gender can you please give us the reason why gender plays in programming agriculture yes there are some key reasons why gender is important in agriculture let's watch the video why gender matters in agricultural development [Music] agricultural technologies are often made by men and for men therefore women farmers have particular disadvantages [Music] look at some examples a tractor seat is too big and unsafe for women so women rarely use it as a result women tend to be in charge of manual labor work and paid lower similarly agriculture equipment such as this potato grading machine are designed to suit men's body size it is too tall for women to use in this way women do not necessarily benefit from agricultural equipment or more likely to face back pain than men do [Music] farmer corporative are dominated by male farmers and therefore women's needs interests and challenges in both farming and agricultural produce are often ignored women farmers have specific challenges related to their husbands across the world women farmers are reluctant to start new agricultural activities because of their husbands disagreement time and labor constraints or due to the fear of failure that makes their husbands upset men do not have such issues with their wives men farmers concerns and starting new activities are related to money such as lack of capital lack of market and lack of guarantee for purchasing prices how can we change gender equality does not mean that women have to work like men rather we accommodate women's value needs and interests in the agricultural sector and provide equal options and opportunities for both women and men in the world agriculture is changing based on women's opinions and ideas such as developing new varieties and processed foods that are attractive to women consumers and developing equipment that reduce women's labor and time this will make agriculture more efficient this is also a way for making agriculture more attractive to young women and men to achieve it we need your support to accommodate women in your everyday farming practices [Music] yes i can see some key points through that video agriculture becomes more efficient if both men and women can compliment with each other and also that there will be positive thing that more young people can be interested in agriculture and one more thing that technology can reduce women's vapor burden in farming so they should be provided with training and opportunities to adopt new agricultural technologies despite of the fact that there is a notable progress in regards of human rights in georgia gender stereotypes still remain deeply rooted in our society and this concerns all economic sectors including agriculture there is no big difference between involvement of men and women in agriculture indeed women are actively involved in agriculture specifically in potato farming despite this fact there are gender related problems in this sector mainly related to gender stereotypes one of the first problems that we face is lack of ability of decision making by women also accessibility to finances which is important [Music] [Music] it is also very important to notice that there is a wage gap between men and women involved in agriculture and in potato farming respectively believe it or not women have 10 percent less salary than men equally involved in agriculture in general we well know that in general there is a 35 percent of wage gap difference of salary between men and women and we have respective numbers in [Music] agriculture [Music] in regards of employment in agriculture it is interesting that women are a bit more represented 51 percent of them are women at very first glance this does not show a big difference but when we add to the wage gap gender inequality becomes significant 51 of women are involved respectively a bit less than 50 percent men are involved in agriculture but still men are better paid [Music] in the frames of our project usaid potato program in georgia we had a possibility closer observe the situation in several regions those are regions well known with potato farming and also populated by ethnic minorities akhel kalaki and okultsuki mainly populated with armenian population and manueli populated with azerbaijanis all my family is involved in potato production me my wife son and daughter-in-law practically two men and two women we try to use new variety of seed to achieve high quality abundant harvest this is what we do selecting seeds planting taking care of it if my son goes for work elsewhere the rest stays home and work on the field [Music] we work seasonally without time limitations we go home only when we are finished with work on the field this refers mainly to me and my wife my daughter-in-law takes after children and goes home earlier with support of the usaid potato program in georgia we achieved 90 kilograms high quality potato harvest when my wife saw these potatoes she put several of them aside and asked me to plant them me and my wife attend different workshops and trainings which is very important and gives us plenty of information sometimes i think that i know nothing in potato farming as new technologies have been actively implemented but we had a chance to get more information on them and we achieved respective results we got more better quality potato harvest practically in less time we got more [Music] harvest women are also involved in domestic work men do heavy physical work but we see that women have double burden [Music] i was involved in the cooperative where among 24 members 16 were women respectively all issues were discussed equally voted by men and women is and can say that in regards of gender equality we have better situation now than it was years ago women have more rights in the cooperative women always had a possibility to express their opinion freely in our family both men and women work our main business is potato farming this is the source of income for us [Music] we plant potato seeds and men do heavy physical work carry heavy staff [Music] men is better aware about new technologies and that is why we do what they say to [Music] us [Music] while harvesting the same we take potato and they carry heavy bags there is a domestic work as well including water supply baking bread other work at home these are all done by us women it happens that we work double than men involved in domestic work and in potato farming all is done by us [Music] we participated in the training and we are very happy with it we were provided with the information on gender roles and family we will see how all continues and what prepares next to us [Music] conduct gender trainings to them and i personally have some interesting observations that i would like to share with you first issue we discussed was about time distribution for men and women farmers how much time daily they spent for farming and how in general they are occupied during the day [Music] as it appeared women spent five to ten hours for domestic work after they are headed to the field farm for about eight hours and it depends on the season too the number of men doing domestic work is extremely limited but the number of hours working in the field is approximately same as for women thus men and women spend around same amount of time farming women are additionally occupied at home which means women farmers have a double burden during the day that is unacceptable but still a fact [Music] unfortunately this kind of domestic work is not even recognized by men as an unpaid domestic work it should be like that this is what local men think and say [Music] they do accept that women work too much but this does not need to be paid this is not men's work thus problem remains as a problem [Music] in our region potato production is the main source of income women play a big role in potato farming there is no family in our village where women are not involved in potato farming besides farming women is heavily involved in domestic work taking care of children preparing food cleaning thus women is overburdened [Music] the main responsibility of men in farming are planting carrying heavy staff and in the rest activities eg sorting women are heavily involved now we have new agricultural technologies technologies that was used years ago not relevant anymore and potato farming needs new knowledge refreshing almost every year it will be good if women participate in these thematic trainings together with men i participated in the gender training provided by potato program in georgia this training gave me a knowledge that i will share with the members of cooperative i will be glad if we get more information on potato breeding as well it is also notable that in these regions where we had a chance to speak with local farmers and to compare situation now and years ago in which level are women and men now and then in regards to freedom of power of course there is a progress which is [Music] good 10 to 15 years ago women's voice was not properly heard and did not have enough rights to express opinion now situation is quite improved this trend was revealed during discussion as men as well as women which is good [Music] also we had a chance to discuss gender roles how activities between men and women are distributed within community it was revealed that women are the same way involved in potato farming including planting harvesting cleaning from weeds etc and it is clear that in mechanization work men are basically involved the biggest result of our conversation was that men really realize how much work women do in potato [Music] farming [Music] but the problem is that women do not have enough information as man regarding new technologies protective measures from different diseases of potato and other plants [Music] it is desirable that women have more access to information and are more involved in their respective processes we tried to understand if women had a possibility to attend gender training provided by the above mentioned project one of the regions we understand that women asked for permission to attend the training from husbands and a few women was even rejected this shows there is a problem in certain community to understand importance of being informed for women specifically of gender issues but not only it also concerns information on potato production the framer corporation was established within the project where involvement of women is a priority involvement of women should not be limited not as an ordinary member but also in board of directors where women will have decision-making power [Music] in order to realize their potential it is important that women have support from men for this reason it is important that not only women receive information on gender but also men this will help that both men and women are equally informed in farming and realize their potential equally international support and encourage both women and men farmers to have equal access to new technologies in order to do that and we need support from farmers please join us [Music] [Music] you