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how's it going everyone welcome back to our next episode and how to program to your script now in this episode I'm going to talk about something called conditional statements within JavaScript and this is something used quite often in any kind of JavaScript up the case you might create inside our code so the basics of a conditional statement is that we can take a block of code and only run it if a certain condition has been met and this is what a conditional statement is so the way we can create them and by the way there's three different kinds we're going to talk about in this episode the first one is going to be what we call an if statement so we can create an if statement by saying we have if parentheses curly brackets and then inside the curly brackets we add the code that we want to execute inside the website if the condition is true so we can do anything from just running one line of code to running a huge chunk of code if you want to so for this example I'm just gonna run one line of code which is going to be a console log so I'm gonna say console dot log parentheses curly bracket not curly bracket semicolon and then inside the console log I'm going to go ahead and say well I'm just gonna write out if because this is a if statement so what I can do is inside the parentheses say I want some kind of condition to be true or false before we run this code inside the website so what I can do as you can see we do have two variables up here one called X that is equal to ten and one called Y that is equal to 50 so inside the if statement inside the parentheses and go ahead and use a operator called a comparison operator so compare X to something else to see if it's true or not so what I can do is I can say we have X and if X is equal to 10 then I want to run this inside the browser now we did talk about assignment operators in two episodes ago I believe we talked about it being a equal sign so we say X is equal to 10 which is assigning it a value when we want to check if they're equal to each other then we use two equal signs inside our condition here because we can't just use one because then we're assigning X equal to 10 which doesn't make sense so we need to use two now we can also go ahead and check if X is not equal to ten by writing extra Mesa market set at the equal sign which is again just the opposite so let's go ahead and just use the first example you would say is X in fact equal to ten and see what happens inside the browser if we were to go inside the browser you can see that it says if inside the console because right now the first statement here is in fact true so it's going to print out if inside the console so if we were to change sex to something like 20 then X is not going to be equal to 10 so for were to go inside the browser refresh then you can see we have nothing inside the console so this is how we can do one specific condition now what if I want to check for more than just one condition inside the if statement well we can do that as well using something called a logical operator now when it comes to logical operators we have three different kinds we have the one that we talked about a few seconds ago where we just added a exclamation mark this is in fact a logical operator because we're checking is they're not equal to each other now we can also go ahead and say we want to add another condition which is also a logical operator and what we want to do is you want to check is X equal to 10 or is something else equal to something else so we can do that by writing the pipe symbol and adding two of them it's going to be on the keyboard somewhere and it's one of those buttons that are kind of kind of hard to find any keyboard so if you can't find and try to look up on Google where you can find it it's called the pipe symbol so you can go and check it out on Google if you want to so what we can do is we can also say is Y lesser then 20 and by doing this we're saying that one of these has to be true in order for this code to run inside the browser now right now X is not going to be equal to ten because it's equal to 20 and Y is not going to be lesser than 20 because it's equal to 50 so just to test this out inside the browser let's actually go ahead and change X instead of equal to 10 so one of them will at least be true so right now for were to go inside the browser you can see that we still have the if statement showing inside the console here because one of them is in fact true now if I want to check if both of them has to be true then we can go ahead and switch out the pipe symbol with an ampersand simple or two of them in fact so right now we're checking is X equal to 10 and Y lesser than 20 because right now it's going to be false because one of them is not going to be true so what I can do is I'm going to change Y up here to 10 so that inside the browser we now get if because now both of them is in fact true so this is how it can use these specific logical operators inside our code now what if I want to do something if this condition down here fails like for example running a alternate piece of code then we can go and do that as well so right now if one of these were to change so we say is y lesser than 20 I'm just going to change Y back to 50 because right now this is not going to be true inside the process of what to go ahead and refresh it you can see that it's false so what I can do instead is I can run something called an else statements now an else statement is not going to have a condition using parentheses it's just going to be else and then curly brackets because it's just going to run this code if the condition before it does not has not been met so right now we can go in console log and again we could write a bunch of code if one two I'm just going to console log something simple so we're going to write else just to know which specific statement we're running inside the code here so right now for where to go inside the browser you can see that we get else inside the condition here inside the console so what I can do now is I can go and say well what if I want to have another condition because right now we just have one if statement in here that takes for a specific condition inside the parentheses what if I want to add more different outcomes well what I can do is I can add a else if statement by saying else space if parentheses curly brackets just like before and then you can see we have something that is very identical to the if statement except we just have an else and one of the if word inside the statement here so what I can do isn't just go ahead and add another condition inside the parentheses so I can say just had a phone call from a salesman so inside the else if statement we could for example say they we want to write a condition that's called is x greater than for example fifty then go ahead and run whatever's inside the else if statement so we can go and copy one of the constant locks and just paste it in and change the two L's if so one thing that's important about this specific condition checking here is that when you put this inside the browser and the browser loads the code is going to start at the top meaning that it's going to check the if statement first and if the if statement is true then it's going to ignore everything else below it because it has already met one condition that is true now if it were to be false and it's going to continue to the next one then again if this one is going to be true then it's going to ignore whatever is below the specific condition and just go ahead and run that specific condition inside the browser so the order that you put these condition in are going to be important depending on the application that you're building okay now the last thing I'm going to mention here is the fact that we can in fact add many of these behind each other if you want to so if I want to have more conditions in between these statements here I'm just going to copy to else if statement and paste it in one more time and I can do that as many times as I want know to get as many conditions as I want inside this specific block of conditions here another thing that's also important to mention is the fact that right now you can see that I did actually put the else if statement and the else statement right after the last code of the bracket from the previous statement we can also if you want to put it like this inside our code and it's not going to break anything but because this works sort of as a unit that is taking for these conditions and they're sort of belonging to each other it is a habit inside JavaScript that we put them like this after each other inside the code just to give you a tip on proper coding habits here so in this last example when untains a bunch of things inside the code just to make it a bit more exciting so as you can see we have two new variables one called tender and one called age and the gender is equal to a string not a number and this is just to show that we can use any kind of data type inside our conditions we don't just need to use numbers because it used all numbers in the last example here so what I did is I created a piece of code that when I hadn't checked if the gender is equal to male or female and how old the person is when they enter the website so what we can do is first of all it's going to check is the gender equal to male if it is it's going to check if the age is greater than or equal to 18 if the person is in fact greater than 18 or equal to then it's going to console.log you are a and then the name of the gender which is male and above the age limits else if the person is below 18 is going to constant lock sorry dude and it's going to do the same thing for the women inside the website so below he is going to check if the genders female and then afterwards if the person is above 18 or equal to 18 and then it's going to say again you are a female and above the age limit oels sorry lady and you can't answer the website or whatever you might want to do inside the website and then I created a last L statement because it's just a good habit to have an else statement in case something goes wrong inside the condition that just write something default inside the website so right now it's saying can't figure out your gender and I notice all the memes about being many different types of genders but in this example it is just two genders inside the website so and so this is just to show that we have you know we can do all sorts of things with these conditions here one thing I want to point out is that did in fact create a greater than equal to which is another type of comparison operator which we didn't talk about I do think in this episode now just to mention the last few comparison operators we have inside when it comes to conditions I'm just going to show them really quick we have the one that we talked about previously which is equal to so right now we're checking is the eight equal to 18 and right now at XV false with a sex each answer to 18 which means the right now it would actually return as true but what we can also do is we can go and check is it equal to 18 and is it equal to the same data-type so right now eight is in fact equal to 18 but what if I were to change it into a strain but it's still going to be 18 but not an integer datatype so right now age is still going to be true because we're just checking if the number is the same but if I also want to check for the datatype then I add a third equal sign because now it's going to check these two for data type and number which means a right now it's going to be false so this is how we can do this specific thing and again if you want to take if it's not equal to then we just replaced the first equal sign with an exclamation mark which we talked about with the logical operators and besides that we just have the you know lesser than or equal to greater than or equal to and so on and so on and so on so so this is pretty much one want to talk about when it comes to conditional statements within Java scripts now there was quite a lot of information in this episode so don't worry about it if you can't remember everything about conditional statements we will get more into it in later episodes when we start using what we learned in actual projects using Java Script so don't worry too much about it if you can't remember everything in this video it was quite a long video because I decided to cram everything into one video instead of creating a bunch of small videos so I hope you guys enjoyed I'll see you next time [Music]