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Electrician invoice example for Operations

hi this is tim today we're going to talk about the basics of control panels now this is based off your feedback on our very popular introduction to control panel video that has hundreds of thousands of views but despite my arguments no one wanted to get rid of the introduction so let's go ahead and roll that introduction footage and someone recently asked we could make a video on control panels that wasn't so boring [Music] no but maybe we can make one that sucks a little less oh that beard what was i thinking so this is your basic control panel now already i can hear somebody saying well tim couldn't you find a bigger control panel well yeah i could have but i couldn't have gotten it where we could look this close at it and really this has all the parts of your typical control panel but it's not so ginormous that it's overwhelming but on the front of it we have an hmi we have a disconnect to disconnect our power and then we have some handoff auto switches and alarm light silence and alarm buzzer and we're going to break this panel down in a lot of its functionality in future videos but for this one we really want to go over the basics this is our disconnect switch which is tied to our breaker through this through the shaft disconnect so there's probably somebody's going to say well you can never get those lined up well yeah you can i've got a video down in the description we'll show you exactly how but so our incoming power comes in the top of the breaker and it comes out of the bottom and with these diagrams we can trace them to these three motor starters and this power supply now each one of our motor starters has overload protection on it right here and that little dial right there you can turn to whatever the full load amps is of your motor and also along with being an overload it acts as an individual disconnect for each motor you can pull that out you actually can put a little lockout on each one of them after your motor protection it goes down to these contactors which when you energize will pull in and then they drop back out and that is what actually sends power to your motors so the other thing on our main power distribution was the 24 volt power supply now in our previous video we were using a transformer and our transformers are not as cool as one of the movies but they're still very important and very cool because they will take one voltage and convert it to another voltage so in the case of this panel that we were doing last time we were converting 480 volt to 120 volt and you don't always have to do that though i see a lot of panels that are going from 480 to 120 and all that 120 does is actually power power supply well this power supply right here can go from 240 directly to 24 volt dc they also make them they'll go from 480 directly to 24 volt dc so in these cases we didn't need the 120 that our transformer would provide so we just have the power supply now after that we have our plc and that is what you could consider the brains of the operation so it takes inputs from our field which would be like our limit switches say our flow meters tank levels anything that you think of as something it reads and it interprets that and then it uses that to control its outputs and we have tons of lessons on plc so look down in the description you'll see all of those this is called wire duct and it is used to hide all of our wires or some people would say are messes but pretty much every panel i'll say that has more than 10 wires in it should have wire dock in it so looking closer here we have these terminal blocks and this is where we're actually landing all of our field wiring so we have these terminal block jumpers and they actually make every other one of these common here's all the inputs and actually we have a couple isolated outputs on this one also the green terminal blocks you see are grounds and typically they will be bonded to this din rail now grounding is very important in industrial control panels actually grounding is very important in commercial control panels or actually even in residential control panels so pretty much if you see something that's labeled ground that needs to get to a ground spot and if you're not sure if it should go to ground put it there anyway because grounding is important also i mentioned that these grounds bonded to this din rail now den rail is an acronym that stands for something that if you were in a real class it would actually tell you what it is but i can tell you it's german and we use it to mount everything in control panels also looking closer at these wires you'll notice that every single wire in a panel should be labeled and yeah i have added this wire and i didn't put a label on it so shame on me but every single wire in your panel should be labeled now a question i do get a lot is is it really required that you label wires in a panel well it isn't necessarily required now this is using the terms very loosely i'm not quoting ul here but if you can trace a wire from one end all the way to the other end without it entering or exiting something such as wire duct then you don't have to label it so if we had a wire from here to here then we wouldn't have to label it but once it enters this wire duct yes that needs label now again my kind of general rule is if you have more than 10 wires in a panel please put labels on them because later on somebody's going to have to figure this out and if it's more than 10 wires then chances are it needs labeled all right moving on we talked about we have a plc we have an hmi how do they talk to each other well with an ethernet switch and this is not much different than an ethernet switch that you would have in your house pretty much it has ethernet ports on it and it allows us to communicate between devices it also allows us to get up into the cloud and all these fun things and we'll probably have some videos coming up on the internet of things also something that i see often left out of panels is a name plate and this should be somewhere on the outside of the panel and no one has to open up anything to figure out what's going on and really it should tell them one what is the serial number how do you identify this panel if you're calling the company also it should have your company info on it uh this is 230 volt 60 hertz maximum current 12 amps the largest motor four amps it has its short circuit rating right here which is 5 kilo amps the drawing number and the enclosure type and that is all very important information you should be able to find without opening the panel so a few things on that name plane we have the short circuit current rating we're going to do a whole set of videos on how to calculate that because it's not nearly as complicated as some people make it out to be also there are some things you can do to easily raise your short circuit current rating if you have to there's also a lot of myths out there that like right now i think this is a 60 kilo amp circuit breaker and people will say well this is a 60 kilo amp panel well no it's not because this is a five kilo amp contactor and it is pretty much the weakest link so we're gonna have a whole video series on that also it said that it is a ul 4x enclosure now this is a nema 4x enclosure now if you go and blow a hole and put a romex connector in the bottom of this thing or through the front of it it is no longer a nema 4x panel so we are going to go through that and talk about environmental ratings one final thing that you should be looking for if you're purchasing a panel is every panel in the united states should have a ul listing number now this is not this ul listed mark so this is the listing for this enclosure and it tells us mainly that it has a type rating of 1 3 3s 4x 12 13 and ip66 the label you should be looking for is this one and this says that this is a ul listed enclosed industrial control panel and it'll have a unique number on it and what that means is the manufacturer in this case me of this panel has been inspected by ul and has been deemed to build panels to their specification and also in my case i'm inspected quarterly to make sure that i am continuing to meet their standard now if you don't see the sticker on a panel then you should really evaluate whether it is safe to in your facility because i'm not saying that people that don't label are shortcutting but i'm saying that if they're not labeling then there's a chance they're shortcutting also osha requires that it be labeled and most state inspectors they're going to be looking for this so if you end up with a situation where either you have a local inspector or osha around and they open the panel up that's what they're going to be looking for and really if they see that they move on if they don't see that then they're going to start nitpicking things