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[Music] the carburettor is a heart of internal combustion engine it is a part of a gasoline engine in which controlled quantity of fuel gets atomized and mixes with the control quantity of air and sent to the engine cylinder in this training module you will learn about the working of the working of a carburettor types of carburetors circuits in a carburettor components and working of BS type carburetors TPS is used in B's carburetor to achieve smooth achieve smooth throttle response optimized fuel economy and better feel of power one of the functions of carburetor is to atomize the fuel and mix the fuel with air and supply air fuel mixture in form of fine spray the regulated mixture of air and fuel is sent to the cylinder for optimum burning the tabulator uses the principle of a sprayer when the piston of the pump is pushed inside the velocity of air increases and the pressure reduces at the outlet of the liquid reservoir the liquid in the reservoir is at higher atmospheric pressure this pressure difference results in the rising of the liquid the principle of this prayer is applied here the air flows in the air passage from the air filter to the engine the constriction at the center acts like a venturi the top of the constriction is at low pressure this causes the fuel to rise and it emerges from the top the fuel mixes with the air and the air fuel mixture is then sent to the engine the same principle is applied here as shown this is explained in details when the working of base type carburetor is shown to meet the engine requirements under varying conditions following circuits are used in a carburetor fuel Inlet and float circuit this circuit controls the fuel level in the float chamber starter circuit this circuit helps in starting the cold engine pilot circuit this circuit is used when an engine is running at idling slow and medium speed main circuit this circuit is used when an engine is running at medium and at high speeds as the throttle opens the speed increases according to the speed at which a vehicle is running the carburettor uses the appropriate circuit for the delivery of fuel [Music] classified on the basis of throttle valve carburetor there are two types of carburetor one piston type throttle valve carburettor and two butterfly slide type carburetor [Music] what you see on screen is a piston type throttle valve carburetor in this type of carburetor venturi size is controlled by the piston valve which is directly operated by the throttle cable [Music] what you see on the screen is a butterfly type throttle valve carburettor in this type of carburettor both butterfly valves and the piston valves are incorporated as you can see the butterflies slide valve is located after the piston valve and is controlled by the throttle cable when the butterfly valve is opened the velocity of gas in the passage increases due to suction of the engine and pressure drops at the venturi area when the pressure drops in the venturi the pressure in the above chamber of the diaphragm also drops due to the hole provided in the piston valve connecting the upper chamber to the venturi the lower chamber of the diaphragm is at atmospheric pressure due to the pressure difference between upper chamber and the lower chamber of the diaphragm plan along with the piston and jet needle is lifted up for aligning the required air fuel mixture it is clear that the lifting of the piston is controlled by the opening of the butterfly slide well the base type carburetor consists of the following parts diaphragm lower chamber upper chamber string butterflies slide well pilot jet main jet : piston and jet needle following are the components in base type carburettor cover diaphragm spring piston valve JS needle set piston valve with diaphragm float assembly with pin float chamber throat chamber gasket pilot jet main nozzle starter jet one starter jet to pilot a jet main air dread butterfly slight starter plunger set throttle stop screw assembly pilot screw assembly and throttle position sensor fuel Inlet system and fluid system of the carburetor consists of fruit chamber float needle valve assembly [Music] the fuel from the tank enters into the carburetors float chamber by passing through the fuel filter and needle valve controlled by the float as the fuel level in the fuel chamber increases it lifts the float which starts compressing the spring-loaded pin of the needle valve after the spring is fully compressed it closes the passage for fuel intake due to any reason if fuel level rises fuel will come out from the overflow pipe drain screen to remove dirty fuel from the chamber the butterflies slide is at almost closed condition by opening the butterflies slide velocity of the gases increases inventory area vacuum is created at the venturi area [Music] piston is lifted up due to pressure difference between the lower chamber and the upper chamber of the diaphragm controlled amount of fuel is sucked to mixing chamber through the main jet at full opening of the butterfly slide piston valve is lifted fully along with the jet needle and fuel is supplied mainly through the main jet to overcome the difficulty of starting a cold engine the richer mixture is provided through an additional circuit called the starter circuit this his starter system consists of the following parts starter cable starter jet one starter jet two plunger and spring when the starter is opened the starter plunger lifts up from its seat and the air enters the starting circuit through starter air passage this creates suction to drop the fuel from the float chamber through the starter jets finally the mixture is drawn into the engine through mixture outlet provided in the main venturi near the carburetor outlet the pilot circuit provides the air fuel mixture at idling slow and medium speed the pilot circuit consists of the following parts piston valve butterfly slide pilot air passage pilot jet fuel you are now seeing how to pilot circuit works when the engine is idling during idling the air enters the pilot circuit through the pilot air jet located in the pilot air passage and the fuel is fed to the mixing chamber through the pilot jet from the of the mixing chamber the air fuel mixture is sucked into the engine mainly through pilot outlet and supplemented by the bypass ports all soon now you will see how the pistol circuit works during vehicles running at slow speed as the throttle valve opens the air fuel mixture is fed into the engine mainly through the pilot outlet and the pilot bypass and is supplemented by the main circuit [Music] the main circuit provides the air/fuel mixture at medium and fast feed the main circuit consists of the following parts diaphragm lower chamber upper chamber string piston valve butterfly slide fuel main jet hole in the piston and the jet needle [Music] the functioning of the carburetor at medium speed is similar to that of slow speed except that the butterflies slide opens from 1/4 to 3/4 position allowing more fuel to enter from the main jet [Music] air enters the main circuit through an air passage and is controlled by the main air jet the controlled amount of fuel is sucked into the mixing chamber through the main jet weld gets mixed with the air only the controlled amount of mixture is fed into the engine the regulation of the mixture is done by jet needle and the needle jet the jet needle closes the needle jet when the piston valve is in closed position as you can see the butterflies light valve is located after the piston valve and is controlled by the throttle cable when when the butterflies slide valve is opened velocity of gas in the passage increases due to the section of the engine and pressure drops at the venturi area when the pressure drops in the venturi the pressure in the upper chamber of the diaphragm also drops due to the hole provided in the piston valve connecting upper chamber to the venturi the lower chamber of the diaphragm is at atmospheric pressure due to the pressure difference between the upper chamber and the lower chamber of the diaphragm the diaphragm along with the piston and jet needle is lifted up this generates clearance between jet needle and the needle jet which results in flow of required air fuel mixture to the engine you