Initials Release of Medical Information Made Easy

Initials release of medical information

hi my name is al Garza and I'm the creator of phlebotomy Solutions org as you can see I'm sitting here in my office in my house shooting this short introductory introductory to our youtube video series on phlebotomy these are PowerPoint presentation videos that I personally use in my lectures when I teach phlebotomy I've created them to help students prepare for the national state exam as well as help phlebotomist know more about their craft I've been instructor for over 10 years I've written curriculum for schools for the state through 64 and through the state of California and I have been in the field for botany for almost 15 years as well as a teacher for almost 20 so these these are all designed to help those who are interested in phlebotomy taking Obata me or even who's in phlebotomy and these for volume video DVDs are available on Amazon as well as a instructional hands-on skills DVD call phlebotomy 101 so I'd like to know your input please subscribe to our channel like we have Facebook as well as our personal website for by new solutions org and let me know what you think if you'd like to see more videos like these or uploaded we I can definitely do that so again please check these videos out let me know what you think again they're available at our website phlebotomy Solutions org and a complete for volume set and I hope you enjoy them and please let me know in the comments below what you think and don't forget to subscribe and like thank you welcome to phlebotomy Solutions video series vol 4 in this segment we'll be discussing the order of draw and the additives the first thing we need to look at are the color of the tubes each tube identifies a type of test and/or Department below is a chart of the standard order of draw used in most hospital and laboratory settings first is a sterile or also blood cultures then your light blue your red your SST PST green lavender and gray now the memory jogger will help you in the following way stop light red stay put green light go remember the memory jogger and the order of draw will come easier with this help now let's take a look at the blood tubes and why the order of draw is necessary the order of draw is necessary to prevent cross-contamination of samples with additives from other tubes it is necessary to insert and withdraw vacutainer tubes in a set order this is known as the order of draw the order of draw must be maintained with every patient drawn failure to follow the order of draw can result in false test readings now let's take a look at some basic terms you need to know anticoagulant anti equals against coagulant equals clot and anticoagulant is a chemical that can prevent blood from clotting hence against a clot now best identified by its color top every color top tube will identify what type of anticoagulant is in the tube and if in case you don't know this read the label on the tube and it'll tell you which anticoagulant is in the tube also non-additive tubes contain no additives this is typically in a red top tube and again read a label it'll say no additive the blood will clot on centrifugation so when we sent refused the blood that will start the clotting process now additive tubes these contain an additive and this improves the quality of the specimen or accelerate specimen processing so every attitude contains an additive and again if you're not sure what is in the tube read the label on the tube and it'll identify what additive or anticoagulant is in the tube SERM separator tube this is known as an SST now this contains a gel which accelerates clotting and then you have a PST which is a plasma separator tube with fibrinogen the only difference between an SST and a PST is that a PST contains fibrin while an SST does not tane fibrinogen that is the only difference between an SST and a PST now let's take a look at the order of draw a little more closely first you have the blood culture tubes or the sterile collection bottles as seen on the right now these require a sterile specimen and you will be instructed and shown on how to collect blood culture bottles correctly also we have a purple or a blue top each one identifies which one is aerobic or anaerobic and again these are on the label in case you don't know the difference also these must be drawn first before any other tube is drawn sterile collection bottles or tubes are always drawn first and prepped differently than your standard collection the next tube in the order of draw is the blue stopper tube and this contains sodium citrate the test performed is a coagulation studies test the type of test is a PT or PTT test now this is second after your blood culture tubes or blood culture bottles always remember blue stopper tube is second in the order of draw next in the order of draw is the red stopper tubes now these contain no additives and the types of tests perform our serum test HIV blood type drug levels or even typing screens now these come after the light blue now the only time these will come before the light blue is if you do not have blood cultures or sterile tubes to draw so if a doctor orders a light blue which is a PT PTT test and other tests and you have to use a butterfly you will want to go with a red stopper non-data to tube first before the light blue the reason is is the line the tubing line on the butterfly has air in it and it can caused a light blue tube to not fill up all the way therefore you'd want to get the air out of the tube by using a red stopper non-additive tube this is also known as a discarded tube which means we could throw it away after we have drawn blood from it or use it as an extra tube and again this would go first before the light blue when using a butterfly and we're not using blood cultures or drawing blood culture tubes next in the order of draw is the red grey stopper tube this is also known as an SST tube a serum separator tube now this contains glass particles or a thixotropic gel and the types of tests performed is a serum test PSA lipids thyroid and even the majority of chemistry tests can be performed with an SST tube next in the order of draw is the green PST tube now this is the plasma separating tube and contains lithium heparin now the test performs are basically all chemistry tests just like SST the only difference between a PST and an SST which I stated before is that a PST contains fibrinogen while an SST does not next in the order of draw is the green stopper tube and this contains also heparin now the difference is this is sodium heparin whereas the PST is lithium heparin now again read the label on the to determine what additive is in the tube when you get these tubes in your hand do not confuse the tubes with lithium and sodium read the label now this additive is an anticoagulant and the types of tests reformer also chemistry studies like electrolytes a BMP which is a basic metabolic panel and/or a CMP a comprehensive metabolic panel and again read the labels and the tubes to determine what additive is in the tube if you are not sure the next tube in the order of draw is the purple or lavender stopper tube and this contains an additive called EDTA and the types of tests perform are in the hematology department and does CBC ESR HCT RBC WBC or HG B test all within the hematology department and again it are not sure what these tests are please look them up in the back of your book to determine what a HCT is or an HG B or even a CBC these are all in your textbooks if you're not sure what these acronyms are and finally in the order of draw we have the grey stopper tube this contains sodium fluoride also known as an anti glycosidic additive and the type to test reform are the standard blood glucose level tests now let's go a little deeper in the order of draw and see what could come after a grey stopper tube this is a yellow tube and it contains acid citrate dextrose and the types of tests I perform with this tube is tissue typing paternity testing and DNA studies these are more complex tests that you might see in hospital type settings but this comes after the grey stopper tube and you will look at these tests as specialty type testing these are not common tests that you'll be drawing in a hospital or laboratory setting the next tube that you might see in the order of draw is the royal blue now this may contain traces of heparin but it's commonly an element free tube so again this test performed our common toxicology studies and again these are specialized testing or specific tests that might be run in a hospital that's outside the normal order of draw tubes now let's take a look at some helpful reminders remember if you are drawing more than one tube draw in the specific order according to the color and additive we just showed you next tubes must be quickly but gently inverted three to eight times to mix do not shake the tubes this will destroy the red blood cells and the tubes and they cannot be tested this is known as hemolyzed samples or hemolysis so do not shake invert three-day times as the picture on the right so remember an easy way to remember the correct order of draw is stoplight red stay put greenlight go that's sterile or blood culture bottles light blue red SS t PST green lavender and gray now let's talk about labeling tubes if you don't have a printed label in your hand to put on the tube then you must manually write it in the first thing you want to put on is the complete name of the patient first and last name and make sure they verified the spelling is correct next is the date and time that the specimen was drawn next is the patient ID number or the M R number known as the medical record number if required by the hospital also you have on there the patient's date of birth and finally your initials to establish that you drew it on that specific date at that specific time these are requirements for labeling a tube manually if you do not have a sticker to put on the tube that contains this information finally always label after never before do not label the tubes before you draw the blood you always label after and verify with the patient that the information is correct and accurate now let's have a little fun and name that tube you see the tube in the picture you should be thinking non-additive red top tube next you should be thinking coagulation studies light blue tube and of course contains citrate next I'll name that tube you should be thinking or saying glucose test great ops tube and of course sodium fluoride additive again name that tube you should be thinking hematology tests lavender top tube and of course contains EDTA next you should be thinking or saying either plasma toxicology or royal blue and finally you should be thinking or saying chemistry studies like electrolytes green top tube as well as contains heparin this is the end of the order of draw video a short video will now play about the order of draw if you need to go back and review this video please do so until you know the order of draw correctly you