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hi my name is Mark and I teach economics the purpose of this video is to talk about free banking also free money it sounds pretty good free money free banking anytime you put a word free in front of something but it really is pretty good it is an alternative to the government control of money the government monopolistic control through the private bank for the government banking system of the Federal Reserve we had this system 1836 the Charter the second bank of the United States expired and from 1836 18 really 1837 to 1863 we had something called free money free banking system and after that subsequently all the way till 1913 1914 we had a quasi free banking system free money and that was our Gilded Age the world didn't fall apart most of humanity existed without the Federal Reserve and we just assumed the federal exerts exist and we have this money supply that this is the way it has to be not necessarily Canada before water one had free banking Scotland certainly had a very successful free banking model I need a basic idea is simply that supply and demand for the commodity of money is regulated in the free market just like every other commodities such as potatoes apples wheat it's no different free market forces dictate the price of money and the supply of money whereas in a government monopolistic control you have similarly in any kind of monopolistic control you have deadweight loss you have disequilibrium shocks think about rent controlled if the government controlled the price of oil we had non-price rationing if the government sets the price of money incorrectly the interest rate then we're going to have it exacerbates a boom bust cycle after the subsequent development of the Federal Reserve 1913 1914 that's when we had the Great Depression in the that lasted a decade and the Great Recession in 2008 so arguably perhaps freedom in the banking system the most important commodity money should be the way and when you have this idea in people's heads it doesn't go away right now we start to see the rise of you know currencies like Bitcoin virtual currencies and this is also starting to perpetuate this idea I'm bringing it back again that perhaps this government control of money this monopoly on the most important commodity is not necessary and perhaps might be a better alternative so when the banks how does this all work when the banks everybody says well yeah this is great but I don't understand it ok this is the way it works 1800s people would use money and a bank would back it with the Full Faith and Credit of their creditworthiness they usually backed it with species which is gold or silver so if you had a $1 note from some Bank of New York let's say it was backed by gold in their vault that sounds pretty safe to me and similarly the insurance companies railroads would issue money and they would pack it buy some asset or they would have bonds or securities deposited in an audible state deposit and even insurance companies that's the way they work today with gotten stat accounting they have to deposit securities in audible places where banks the state checks it so it's really state driven initiative in 1836 1837 the state of New York and then Minnesota and other banks other states subsequently followed that these they were going to have a little bit of regulation over the banking system of free money and it worked very successfully if anybody tried to issue currency private people could issue currency and it was in backed by anything or the people didn't know it or have the Full Faith and Credit of it then the money would not be worth much and it would eventually go away there were Wildcat banks said they try to scam people but for the most part it was a very successful time and America grow economically in a great way great stability and it wasn't until this Federal Reserve that we have things like the Great Depression in the Great Recession some people politically argue that the Federal Reserve the purpose is you know coupled with the federal income tax it's a way the government can freely expand and expand the debt which it has if they ever wanted to they could monetize it they could just print money get rid of the debt but we'd have economic collapse so a lot of governments around the world we see they simply print more money and this is the way they solve their problems it's irresponsible but a private bank could not do that they have to back it by something and people would not use that currency if they didn't back it eventually private banks and free banks started to create in the 1800's agreements between each other and just like writing a cheque or using a credit card everybody would accept each other's based on the credit and that was way back then when we didn't have the internet we didn't have you know consumer checking and people checking on things so it's pretty effective and why am i creating this video because I think it's a segue into further discussion on these virtual currencies that are rising and of course the government doesn't like it I want to say this is not like anti-government and anti Federal Reserve people working the government and the Federal Reserve all great people and they all have good intentions or let's say for the most part it's really about ideas what is the optimal idea for society and the idea is if money is a commodity used for a medium of exchange just like every other commodity why should it be regulated so tightly why should there be a monopoly on this most critical currency and you say well again why would how does this function how does how does this make sense well any commodity has value if it has a limited supply because it was infinite like air or water it will have very little value whereas diamonds as Adam Smith pointed out is limited so the value is very high so that's the first thing and second thing it has to have some function has to be useful in some way whether a diamond gives some pleasure on being seen aesthetic pleasure or water to be consumed for life money's money is function is to act as a medium of exchange so if you have these two components that it's limited something like Bitcoin is limited as opposed to the Federal Reserve just continuously creating money then it's going to hold value also if people generally accept it based on the function utility of it then it's going to hold value and that was the idea behind free money free banking in the 1800s and I believe it's a possibility in the future everything is not going to stay the same everything is not going to be ceteris paribus just because we were born into a system the world changes very rapidly so thank you very much that's my critique on free banking thank you