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[Music] [Music] long before America was colonized an ancient civilization inhabited this remote and secluded land [Music] pictographs on these canyon walls reveal many outstanding events in their lives [Music] Spanish explorers had a profound effect upon this early Navajo civilization when they introduced cattle goats horses and sheep changing these agricultural people into semi nomadic herders [Music] the long hostilities with the federal blue coats ended in 1868 with a treaty establishing the Navajo reservation which has gradually increased to 16 million acres nearly four times its original size the Navajo struggled with poor soil conditions and drought for nearly three-quarters of a century until world war ii erupted and provided off the reservation jobs for nearly 15,000 navajo after the war they returned to their reservation to find a meager existence raising sheep crop farming weaving and receiving occasional part-time work off the reservation then in the 1950s the picture changed major petroleum companies discovered large deposits of oil and paid the tribe millions of dollars for drilling rights soon additional royalties were being paid for crude oil pump to New Mexico and the West Coast rather than distribute these oil royalties on a per capita basis the council invested the funds and programs for the entire tribe a plan was developed to meet the basic needs of the Navajo people a plan to create roads bridges hospitals schools and employment but sneagle can they across all highway construction through wilderness areas open new land for travel and business opportunities [Applause] through the efforts of the Tribal Council and the US Public Health Service hospitals and health clinics were built overall emphasis was placed upon improving educational facilities for those children living beyond the local school bus a boarding school system was developed 49 such schools are now located on the reservation these boarding schools provide preschool classes for children who don't understand English so they may gain confidence in some degree of fluency before entering first grade by the time the children have reached the eighth grade their academic level is on a par with the standards found at most American schools [Music] when students graduate from high school they're given a chance to attend college under a 10 million dollar scholarship fund established by the Tribal Council after college the Navajo is encouraged to return to the reservation and use his training to contribute to the progress of the entire Navajo tribe you see then that time is the direct object and leisure tells us what kind of time it is [Music] in a continuing program the Tribal Council promotes development of tribal owned businesses and encourages industries to locate on the reservation where unemployment remains a serious problem [Music] tribal owned industries have made great strides there has been a steady rise in jobs and income for the tribe the Navajo tribal utilities Authority has expanded power services to both industrial and private consumers electricity is now available on most of the reservation tribal assistance...