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hi my name is mark from g-code tutor and i'm here today with practical machinist to discuss cutter compensation so why do we need cutter compensation well if we didn't use cutter compensation and we programmed our tool paths to be the same size as our part we would cut undersized by the radius of the cutter this is because we programmed to the center line of our cutter so if we're programming our dimensions on our part the center line of the tool would follow that path and not the cutting edge so that means we either have to program our parts a little bit bigger to compensate for the radius of our cutter or we use cutter compensation so when we use cutter compensation the machine automatically compensates for the radius of our tool so we're cutting to the size of the part so when we're programming we just need to program the same as the dimensions of our part and not allow for the size of our cutter so for cutter compensation to be able to work the machine needs to know the diameter of our tool so if we're using a 10 millimeter diameter tool we would offset it by five millimeters the radius of our tool but the machine can work this out and this is how so if we're offsetting our cutter to the left of the material we would use g41 to tell the machine this is the direction we wish our cutter compensation to be applied and if we're offsetting our cutter to the right of the material we would use g42 and you often find g42 is more common in turning and g41 is more common in milling due to climb milling and the direction of cuts on a lathe so if the cutter was rotating around the job in a clockwise direction we would use g41 to offset the cutter to the left of the material to offset the cutter to the right of the material we would use g42 so imagine we're looking at behind the cutter here and as the cutter is traveling around it's offset to the right so here it's rotating around in an anti-clockwise direction and this would also determine if we are using climb milling or not now as you probably know klein mullin is more common on cnc machines because they have the recurring ball lead screw so that eliminates backlash when we are climbing unlike a manual machine that does not have this feature so when we're working with cutter compensation we can apply it in three different ways depending on our machine controls so these are the three ways that i've come across during my career please let me know if you know a different way i'll be interested to hear about it the first way is telling the machine the radius of the tool by using a p word after our cutter compensation g code so whether we're using g41...