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[Music] jamaica one of the largest caribbean islands has two and a half million people and all the typical problems and contradictions that pervade a third world country [Music] jamaicans can make a choice between two morning papers the gleaner a 150 year old pro establishment newspaper and one other daily none of the other newspapers which have challenged the gleaner have lasted very long but the most recent one is the two-year-old jamaican record there is also a handful of regional papers called community papers and a variety of magazines the other media consists of one state-owned television station two national radio stations and more recently two regional radio stations concerned for tonight we're looking for fierce cars out in the west but out in the east there will be some lingering shower particularly in the parities of portland my colleagues my brothers my sisters my co-warriors in the building of this [Applause] [Music] nation [Music] after a long career at the gleaner and the daily news political fights and strikes for a journalist union veteran journalist ben brodie started his own community paper to give expression to grassroots voices with support from a group of committed colleagues boulevard news has managed to survive for four years now [Music] oh they had a difficulty in the naming of the people a lot of people felt that it restricts the people by identifying a particular area i still hear that argument you know and people still identify the boulevard news with that particular area but it has a newspaper everything has to start somewhere yeah and in the same way that the new york times is not confined to new york the the washington post is not confined to washington the name identifies the people to establish where it was based the washington boulevard the readership of the people primarily is a working class unemployed unemployable people who are striving to get out of poverty but you have to combine that with the other sections of the society it's difficult for you if you have a newspaper that caters to that aspect of life only it will not get the kind of support that it needs to keep it alive so you have to weigh all of this at the same time not forgetting your original and current objective which is to assist to use the newspaper to assist in the development of the country [Music] after the last conference of the ruling people's national party at which manly defended his controversial free market policies called deregulation the main concern of boulevard news was about the impact on the communities and on consumers [Music] how do i determine what goes into the people number one priority is whether or not it assists in helping people to understand what's going on around them at the same time because there are daily newspapers we try not to duplicate we come out on a fortnightly basis so it makes no sense to carry something that the cleaner has been carrying the record has been carried the radio stations have been carried people want fresh information so the fresh information comes from either within the community or from contacts that the established media have not to build up on their reading and their mathematics i noticed you didn't have any problems with re-opening for this new school year they were right down time we opened on time and we have had the children every session but we have a problem of sieging yes because if you notice there are not two shifts business and we have been doing this since the hurricane because of lack of seeds so what are you doing about it we have the two ships i see so one set comes in the morning and then one set comes in the afternoon which begins at 11 45 11 45 boulevard news finds a variety of stories and communities like mavily highlighting the many acute social problems caused by chronic balance of payments difficulties despite the pervasive poverty the jamaican population is very aware and interested in what's happening around them every issue is discussed at length in bars on street corners and on radio talk shows [Music] hmm [Music] [Music] there is one news agency that we subscribe to we are probably the most ardent fans of this agency in ips enterprise service they have been very good to us they have encouraged us they give us information at concessionary rates and i should tell you that i get resistance for using international news in our community newspaper yeah people believe that because you are a community newspaper your scope should be confined to community activity community i don't believe in that why would the purpose of the community has to be exposed to exactly what is happening not only in the community but in the wider nation and in the international community africa is a priority for these for jamaican people and ips provides information about what's happening in all different states in africa which you don't get in a mainstream media you get information about africa when there's a coup or when there is some kind of upheaval or famine or something like that but in terms of the whole process of development because what is happening in those countries is what is happening in jamaica so we can easily get a story from nigeria which the man in the community in marveling can understand because that is the same problem that he's having then the might happen this round on the picture [Music] down admission 15 honors refreshments on sale an important part of ben's activities at boulevard news is keeping his finger on the pulse of the community bars like this are both a meeting place and an information point for the newspaper editor [Music] yeah yeah a lot of the work of the newspaper is done outside of the people of the people where people come to you with their problems difficulties and you have to deal with them you don't say well this is a great story this man has a problem with his landlord so you blow it up in the newspaper you try to advise him or to assist him in solving his problem it's an all-encompassing thing it's not it's not just a job it's a part of your life [Music] [Music] our prime minister of jamaica the one and only michael norman joshua for land reform for opportunities for farmers proud of the great revolutions in education that we created in the 1950s and again in the 1970s that have transformed the landscape of opportunity for all the people of jamaica how much sugar do we produce how much bauxite do we mind how much electricity can we generate how many dressmakers do we have how many shoes can we produce and therefore since production based on initiative is what we are working to achieve the first thing that we have said is we have to clean out the tax system so that the tax man jamaica's national media they are all here to cover manly's address to a somber crowd at the people's national party conference young jamaican journalists are usually trained for the traditional approaches to journalism such as the reporting of speeches by politicians but an increasing number of journalists such as ben brodie are looking for new approaches to practicing their craft all the caribbean islands to integrate their economies to become stronger in production and that means we have to have a common tax system that will start in january okay so politics politics and politicians that may be one of the things that changes how we look at something suzanne francis hines is a journalist a lecturer and a radio program maker at one of the regional stations so one of the things remember you remember that we talked about this that one of the things that perhaps people have to do is look at the possibility of localizing news you're going to take a bit of a different view as a reporter you're still going to see it for objectivity but you're still going to come at it with a different set of concepts and a different set of precepts because of your own upbringing of where you are from of what you have had to deal with in your life our journalists like journalists everywhere learn certain news values certain value to do with how you judge that a story is newsworthy um i studied in in cardiff you know many of our journalists here um have studied abroad uh some have recently more recently a lot of them have come through the caribbean institute of mass communications so we learn certain things that journalists everywhere learn okay but i think that we value stories to do with humanity we value stories to do with people which is why you'll for instance see a story about a taxi driver who gave back a woman a bag with ten thousand dollars in it because in a situation of economic hardship it would be very tempting for that taxi driver to just disappear with that back and i think for that sort of reason we feel that he's also an outstanding person and that's how the story will always hit high up if not the front page of our papers um in terms of situations to international international stories i would say that when a big international story breaks the first day yes it will be on our front page as well if it is something that we think might have impact on us whether specifically on us or on the world in which we live it's not going to stay on the front page interprets is a third world news agency and is basically one of the two news agencies that has been operating in jamaica consistently over a number of years women's feature service which is a specialized service set up under the enterprise service umbrella and they asked me if i would come on full-time to coordinate their caribbean service you have a clear notion of what it is that he's talking about because i'm not i was 100 clear on what it is that that he was dealing with sometimes i do various other things projects of one sort or another as long as they don't conflict in any way with what i do in terms of the women's feature service because it's important i think what i'm doing there is a matter of trying to share information about the region in which i live and which i'm a part with other people who have some similar experiences right around the world and to an extent getting that information into the north you know in ways in which it does not normally appear because most of the time when people from europe from america um see images of the caribbean images of jamaica what they're seeing is a situation where something has happened you know there's a coup in trinidad or there's an election fraud talked about in guyana or there's violence in jamaica or something and a journalist will come down here and do a story and jump back on the plane and go about their business and that's when i'm saying that you know sometimes it's the things that jump off the paper that people are interested in when it comes to seeing images of a place [Music] so [Music] that's the first problem the second problem is that construction often takes place without without adequate concern for runoff a lot of hotels will will look out at a beautiful area and say this is a great place to build a hotel this is really a beautiful coral reef area and this is where we should build they'll proceed with their building they bring in their heavy equipment and after they start digging and there's runoff siltation increases dramatically okay and what he's dealing with is that the one of the problems that the reef having right is that people are overfishing it i'm taking too much fish i'm taking two small sizes right um and as a consequence as as time goes on the number of fish that are available right will be less you know i don't know how you find it do you find that there are less and less fish every year yes but it's not not because of that alone yeah um the first the first wrong move is that uh there are pit snow that they're putting in the ocean because i could remember a few years ago they put a thousand feet at that sewage pipe the only notorious and it was one of the loveliest ground we had for mullets you know snappers and so on for like reading here i know it's empty to me there is an issue as to whether people see things in that way whether people are looking to our future or whether they're just dealing with day-to-day survival and i think we need to get those stories to try and find out how they see it whether they see the environment as an issue that is of some importance to them or whether they see it as something that is just you know these guys are just coming and talking about this is just a latest [Music] story [Music] you're free to an extent you're free to write anything you want okay there are limitations on journalists in terms of what a publisher will carry from a local point of view and clearly you know if there's something that's really going to make um a big problem then it may be tempered i don't think things get squashed for that reason not in the local media anyway in terms of operating as an international international context i think perhaps sometimes we consider the impact things will have in terms of how we say things not so much what we say i think if there is a story to be written it will be written but perhaps we think a little as to how we write it and who we are writing it for uh i don't think that means a matter of suppressing a story i think it is as i said a matter of sometimes looking at the implications and maybe using a word rather than another word not being sensationalistic if it is not necessary it is also a matter of providing context and i think that is also very important the week in review an analysis of the issues surrounding the week's top [Music] stories morning welcome to the week in review i'm susan francis hines and with me on the program this morning uh winnie risden hunter communications consultant and john jackson chartered accountant and publisher of investors choice magazine to me there's it would be so nice to do a magazine that for instance does a story on women in in the sugar fields because in in here and in many other countries of the world women work in the fields and that says you know there is a story with an illustration and then on this side of the page you know there's a a box that says here in jamaica you know there have recently been efforts to make the situation in the cane fields for women better you know this is what has happened here three four paragraphs that set it off and then next is the story and i'd like to do a magazine that does mainly that because i think that what happens internationally is important it is important it impacts on us we live in a very small world you know sometimes when we drive from end to end across the mountains and it takes a long time it seems like we live in a big place and jamaicans for all when we look at all our island on the map it's very small but at the same time our little island is a part of a bigger world and we have to interpret the world for ourselves in much the same way as in the in europe or in america there is an interpretation of the world that puts us makes us a very small part of it we have to look at the world through our own sort of spectacles and and get an impression of it and interpret it for [Music] ourselves [Laughter] [Music] um i heard [Music] foreign [Music] you