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the monsoon session of the parliament has finally begun and it is expected to be a stormy ride with discussions on the india-china border issue the pandemic and the delhi rights on the table also on the agenda are up to 45 bills waiting for approval from both the houses so we began kyc or know your constitution this week by telling you how a bill becomes an act now essentially a bill can be introduced in either the lok sabha or the rajya sabha as per article 107 but it has to be passed separately by both the houses in every house the bill is supposed to undergo three readings now in the first reading the bill is introduced but the introduction of the bill itself may also be opposed by a few members and it may be put to a vote so bills can be rejected at this initial stage itself for example back in 2015 the lok sabha had rejected a bill to decriminalize homosexuality this was introduced by congress member shashi tharoor in the second stage the house can refer the bill to a parliamentary committee which looks into the bill and submits its report within three months i had done a kyc previously on parliamentary committees and i'll put in a link for that in the description now after receiving the committee's report the house discusses the bill clause by clause and considers any amendments that the members might suggest and also the committee's report finally in the third stage the house then either accepts the bill or rejects it this means that it needs to be accepted by a majority of the members present in voting now once it's accepted the bill is then sent to the other house where the same procedure is essentially followed again but the first part that is the introduction stage doesn't happen again in the second house now after both the houses of the parliament possible it is presented to the president for his ascent that just means approval article 111 talks about this the president then has three options again he can either give his assent secondly he can withhold his approval as well or the third option is that he also can send the bill back to the houses with a message requesting them to reconsider it and he can also suggest some amendments to the bill the houses then have to reconsider the bill but if they pass it again with or without amendments and send the bill back to the president then he has to give his assent to the bill once this is done a notification is issued and the bill is now an act as for a money bill the procedure is a bit different in fact the very definition of what a money bill is is also a matter of controversy there is a different procedure for a bill to amend the constitution as well so i'll be taking up these issues one by one and upcoming kyc episodes and will explain these to you on wednesday no minister ravishankar prasad told the parliament that the government is committed to bringing a uniform civil code but that it requires wider consultations the statement was made while responding to a question put forth by a lok sabha mp so my next kyc was on the uniform civil code what it means and what the constitution says on it now the constitution mentions the ucc in article 44 it says and i quote that the state shall endeavor to secure for the citizens a uniform civil court throughout the territory of india article 44 is a part of the directive principles of state policy as per article 37 the state is duty bound to apply these directive principles in making laws but you can't approach the court to enforce directive principles so if the ucc was under the fundamental rights chapter anybody could have approached the court asking for its enforcement but since it is a part of the directive principles of state policy instead this cannot be done and the parliament hasn't brought in a ucc so far the result is that the criminal laws in india are uniform and are applicable equally to everybody no matter what their religious beliefs are but the civil laws like those on marriage adoption divorce and succession depend on the religion of the parties so hindu personal law is largely codified in four acts a large part of the muslim personal law is still uncodified but certain aspects are covered by laws such as muslim personal law shariat application act 1937 and the dissolution of muslim marriage act we have the indian christian marriages act and the indian divorce act for christians and the parsi marriage act and divorce act for zoroast students there are more universal laws too which disregard religion altogether for example there's the special marriage act under which inter-religious marriages can take place now the supreme court as far back as 1985 had said that a common civil code will help with national integration and that the state has a duty for providing for a uniform civil code for the citizens but in 2018 the law commission submitted a report saying that a uniform civil code is neither necessary nor desirable at this stage in the country it had also said that secularism cannot contradict the plurality that is prevalent in our country but it acknowledged that there were discriminatory practices within different family laws in the country so the commission in fact said that the way forward could be to codify all personal laws it also suggested some changes to marriage and divorce laws that may be uniformly applied across religions for example it wanted the marriageable age for both boys and girls to be 18 years it also suggested that the ban on polygamy that is marrying more than once should be applied to all communities including muslims it had also said that this wasn't being suggested just because of the moral questions surrounding it but because only a man is permitted multiple pipes which it said was unfair but the commission reserved its recommendation on polygamy specifically because a petition demanding a ban on uh polygamy is currently pending in the supreme court earlier this week calling hindi divas a method to impose the language on non-hindi speakers former karnataka chief minister h d kumara swami demanded its cancellation so on kyc next we told you what the constitution says about the official languages and the ones that it has recognized over the years actually in india no language has been conferred the status of a national language as such but it does talk about an official language article 343 says that hindi will be used for official work of the union that is a center along with english but actually english was supposed to be used for official purposes only for a period of 15 years from the commencement of the constitution but the constitution itself allowed the parliament to make a law to permit the use of english beyond the initial 15-year period as well however before this 15-year period was to end the 1960s saw agitations from the non-hindi belt of the country especially the one led by the dmk in tamil nadu there were violent student agitations and self-immolations against the imposition of hindi in the state accusing the language of being a tool of the aryans to infiltrate the dravidian culture in 1963 the jawaharlal nehru government then took action and passed the official languages act providing for continuation of english for official purposes additionally the age schedule recognizes 22 languages now initially the schedule only had 14 languages but this number was gradually increased to 22 through three different constitutional amendments in 2019 a bill was also introduced to amend article 343 and to give all these 22 languages the status of official languages as well but this bill is still pending the official languages act also says that both hindi and english should be used for resolutions orders notifications and other reports that the central government makes so on this point the supreme court had earlier this month suggested that the act should be amended to allow publication of official notifications in other languages too that is languages other than hindi and english the suggestion was made when the court was considering a high court direction for translating the draft eia notification into the 22 languages in the age schedule as for the states they can adopt any language as the official language so the jammu and kashmir reorganization act 2019 also allowed the legislative assembly of jammu and kashmir to adopt any language as the official language but the jammu and kashmir official languages bill 2020 has sparked controversy as it recognizes kashmiri doghi and hindi apart from urdu and english as the official languages in jammu and kashmir several leaders including farooq abdullah have demanded inclusion of punjabi gojari and pahari in the official languages of jammu and kashmir as for high courts and the supreme court article 348 says that english is the language for these quotes but subclause 2 of article 348 says that the governor of a state can allow the use of the local language in the high court so rajasthan uttar pradesh madhya pradesh and bihar have taken this route to use hindi in their high court proceedings the supreme court on the other hand out of its own initiative has also begun translating its judgments into at least six other languages apart from this article 120 says that all business that happens in the parliament should be in hindi or english but it does allow the speaker or the chairman of the house to allow any member to address the house in their mother tongue if they cannot express themselves properly in hindi or english this is a poor ramadhani for the print for more such videos subscribe to our youtube channel and follow us on twitter instagram and facebook [Music] [Applause] [Music]