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welcome to the webinar on paths this probably will be one of two webinars simply because I have quite a lot of material to cover and I don't want to rush it yeah so my name is Andy Emerson I'm a senior consultant with Lana have been for 25 years and this webinars to talk about paths after the webinar there will be a blog placed on our website which you can download with links into the models so you can download the models and take a look at of them the form of the blog would be something as we can see in this Word document which will explain some detail the kind of materials I'm going to be talking about today so you shouldn't need to take much in the way of notes and anything that you do need if you've gotten anything that you're in touch with us afterwards we will communicate information to you I have a number of models I would like to show you over the course of today and the second webinar session if we do one which I think we will find paths as well this first one is one taken from the training course and it uses two machines and it has two labor items and they're linked by paths the path is a special element in witness that many people do not use and that is of course one of the reasons why this webinar is going ahead the path element should not be confused with the path display that you can put on buffers conveyors tracks and on power and free sections so those are physical elements which can have a path display whereas this is a path element and these the path element is to introduce travel time into models where motion and time is important so if I set my model running and quite slowly we can see that labor moves along a path to collect parts from goods in words buffer takes a part to the machine does some work on it carries a part ii machine where he does some work and a supervisor also arrives to do some supervision and at the end of the process labor and parts disappear along other paths so I'm going to stop this and do a rewind and step forward so you can see what's going on first thing that happens is a part arrives in the goods in word and the machine requires the part to be delivered to it but labor sets off and walks along the path you'll notice the labor direction changes so that he's always moving facing forwards goes to click the part carries a part with him along the path to the machine the machine then starts working so all of that time the witness clock the time clock was moving without paths of course the part would appear instantaneously so the laborer attends a machine and on completion the cycle label and carries a part to the second machine attends the machine and the machine goes into state waiting labor because we require a supervisor who comes along a path joins the operator the machine works and on completion all three go back to their home position the labor has returned home because there's no other work to do so I step on and in the meantime a new part appears so the operator gets to his home position and continue straight through to collect the part this time we can see labor that part is already available of goods in width so on completion of the task the labor in this case will take the shortest route to get the part and to bring it into the machine if we take a look at the rules on our machine and one and I'm just going to double click on it with a left mouse button then the pull rule rather than being pulled from goods in which is named a buffer is pulled from goods in with operator using path if I look at the labor rule on the machine I say operator using path so if an operator is not present at the machine then they will come along the path the hash or pound one indicates that I require one item of labor I don't need to have that pounds or hash one there but if I have a quantity greater than one then I would need to specify it the output rule is pushed to machine M 2 with operator using path and we can see I reflected Julie goes to machine m to the input rule 4 M 2 is weight because as we all know we don't want to be pushing and pulling across the same boundary one of those two machines needs to take control the labor rule for Jean to is it requires an operator using a path and a supervisor using the path and that is why our machine M 2 goes into State waiting labor until the supervisor arrives at the end we say push to ship using path and the path will go to the ship and the labor will return to its labor queue because we have enabled it to do so and we do that through the model options paths dialog model options and paths in here we set up the basics of our path network we have enabled the paths to be bi-directional which is why the operator can go in both directions along path w3 we have enabled labour to walk to idle which is this list like Q here this pathway and we've also enabled labour to walk from idle to collect a part if these were disabled the labor would disappear from the machine on completion and return instantly to is rest or idle position as we normally see with other models we have enabled model path routing so labor or parts can be moved from one location to another along a network of paths providing that network has been set up and in this case the operator can go along path w1 to the Machine and then long path w6 to goods in so basing those two paths they can collect apart single path to machine and one single path to machine m2 and on completion the operator can then if required by the goods in can then take path W 3 and W 6 or path W 2 W 1 and W 6 if these so desires okay if I double-click on any one of these paths let's go to w3 this is a detail form for the path and it allows me to set up how the path is linked in this case I've enabled it to collect from machine m1 is destination is machine m2 in witness we can have multiple destinations and sources which is quite useful because then you can have a single path which goes from a group of machines or desks to another group of machines or desks and thereby meaning we don't need to create so many paths we've also gotten the travel time set on here and we can set this time either by hard coding in a time value or by storing it in a variable which we've read from say Excel or we can allow witness to calculate it automatically using the walk time function there are several functions in witness which are linked with paths and I've just extracted some of them from the quick reference guide which you get with witness and here we have them particularly the ones of interest to path destination return the name of the destination the length of the path the X dimension of the path so going left to right across the screen the Y length of path going up and down the source which matches the destination the physical path length and various other items in here which give us quite a lot of power so those are all available in the quick reference booklet and of course by again on to the online help you'll also find some good information if I go to model options paths again for a click on the Help button here there's some good dialogue here that explains what all those various settings mean and one of the most interesting ones is this walk time function that we have enabled in witness which allows us to set the walk rate of parts if we wished it to be done automatically based upon the length of the path at the moment the walk time is in path w3 the default setting and that default setting is based on the length of the path in pixels and the walk rate that we set in the model options dialog that I've just closed out of I'll come back to that in just a moment what I want to show you is if I take the path here I click on it you can see handles at either end of the path I can select any of those and by holding the control key down my cursor changes from a four-way arrow to a - way out and I can move it around the screen similarly the other end and I can select on the middle and I can break it and change my path if I do that of course my path gets longer so previously I was recording the time that the operator joined and left the path and it was four time units if I now do it they'll probably find that it's longer and in fact you can see what has happened because we have fastest route optimisation on the operator now reckons that this is a shorter route to take than going along that path so they take that shorter route if I shorten my path down to try and encourage the operator back along path w3 then and again you see I didn't need to restart witness to do that these changes take effect immediately the operator is now traveling along the path and the walk time is now seven because the path is proportionately longer we have in witness the path editor so as well as being able to create paths just by defining them from designer elements drop them on the screen and stretching them to size I can also if I wish to open my path editor which is upon the separate toolbar not here I can populate my path so for instance I may wish to put a curve into my path and there are limp options I can have from drop-down so there is a pre-configured set of options which we can customize in this case I'm going to pick would stay with this one which has given me an a tool that pixel length turn of 90 degrees and I can alter when I'm turning clockwise or anti-clockwise and that add that on to my path and then I can say let me add a length on to it so let's say 40 will do and I have a length of 40 whoops and do their own place I want to grow upwards then I want to change my action of orientation and go wrong to the right and I'll do the straight in to the right then I'll turn down again and add another straight then I'll turn back in the other direction and I'll add a final straight of 10 so I've being able to put curve into my path now using the path as the toolbar the there is again a good information on this in the online help and I shan't spend too much longer because I guess you can find it fairly easily just by investigating the online help the one thing I will show you on the to abolish I seem to manage to close there it is is we have an information dialogue and these are the catalog of various settings we can put in or me configuring the drop-down contents of these two boxes and we also have some information specific to our path which tells us what we've added in here and allows us if we're working in a 3d world to change it so that it's some strange here we actually have a high gain of two units so if you get up in the air along the top and then back down the other side by putting the minus two in you won't see that until we build into 3d world which I'm not going to do this time because I don't have a latest version of witness 14 on my machine at the moment maybe next time I can show that if people are interested so palette is to a bar very useful indeed if you want to do more complex paths and choose not to do it by clicking and dragging okay let me open in the model we will talk a bit about the wolf time function which I have mentioned briefly before I do that let me just show you if I right click on my path I'm going to update graphic then on the path display here as well as being displaying how the path itself will appear on the screen in terms of its size thickness colors etc I can also choose how parts and labor relate to each other so I can choose to have the part under labor leading and following or going side-by-side if I have leading and following I can choose to be one in front of the other as we have now with minus twelve so if I just remind you what we're looking at at the moment without operator and going along here so the moment the part is in front of the operator if I have to change the path display rotate it up and make that plus twelve and update when I move onward next time the part follows the operator so I can change the orientation relationship the part on the operator as I desire okay second model I'm going to open up now is crane crane paths with walk time so here is another quite simple little model just zoom a little bit and if I step it going we will see a part arriving that machine and one and then the crane will come on completion of cycling moves along to the path and you'll notice why I'm doing this the clock is advancing the machine is finished working it's in the state blocked is waiting to export of the part crane arrives picks apart up a time stamp it it then moves along the path to machine m2 and deposits it in a buffer and then either goes back to rest or to pick the next part and in fact another part is already waiting here so they carry straight on selects a part and goes on to machine m2 you'll notice that in the header band of witness we have the pixel positions the XY coordinates if you like so Naut Naut is in the very top left hand of the screen which my cursor is pointing out now I go to the top line and then we increase in X going across the screen and increase in Y going down the screen so by position the cursor at the beginning of my path I can see my corns around my X core that is 200 if you can see in the layout window after one hundred and ninety percent the first figure the x value is 200 if I position it at the right hand and you can see the x value is now 620 that means my path length is four hundred and twenty pixels if I go into model options and to the coordinates page I can see that I have a conversion factor that will convert my pixels to whatever units it is I wish to work in this factor is currently ten if I go to my paths phase my walk rate is currently 1 so in my path itself if I look at the walk time function the walk time function calculates the time to travel as a path length just 420 divided by 10 42 units divided by the walk time which is 1 so my time longer path should be 42 time units if I stop my model and take a look but said it running we will see our timings along here and my transfer time will indeed be 42 time units if I go back into model options and change my walk rate to so I'm walking faster doubled speed I run my model again we should this time set our walk rate will be twenty one time units and if I change a length of my path because this time is based on the travel time is based on the length of it then I will find that my trouble time longer path will vary in relationship to the path length so if we have our paths laid out on it on a physical layout on a CAD layout and we change our paths around we can see then what effect it has on the efficiency of our model because of the greater or lesser tough time okay if I go in to model and enter my user actions you can see I have got some of the functions but dues calculation separately displayed so when I press these are actions key I'll print out these following messages first of all it will use a function called path length that tell me how long the path is then it will get in the mapping factor which was 10 then the mapping unit if I want it which could be meters or feet whatever you like and then finally I can print out the path length divided by the mapping factor so if I press my no excuse erections you can see the information and just drag this up a little bit displayed so my length my paths formed in 20 there's my factor those are my units and that is my length time to travel a lot so these are some of the functions as well as being used by witness in the modeling also allows us to interact and manipulate our models and gives us a great deal of flexibility ok tons going on now so I'll go to one more model before I'll invite any questions to come up and I'm going to open crane paths with walk time to door model shots sake save any changes if I go and check here my model options conversion factor is 10 still my units of meters my path walk rate is 1 and we'll notice this time that path from m1 to m2 has been extended and if I run my model now the crane goes that's apart and travels along this new pathway and we can see our new travel time being rather than 42 time units as it was e4 is now 52.95 if I look at model options for paths we can see that we have the bi-directional paths option is set is on we have multiple path routing set off a faceted optimization set so on if I were to enable multiple path routing that does give me the ax crane the option returning along more than one path so if I were to run my model now we can see the crane decides that this is a shorter route to take so it takes that route in preference so it is important when we're building our models to be absolutely sure which of these options boxes to tick generally you can do some trial and error and you will find what will work for you but getting the right combination these buttons pressed is quite important ok I have been talking for around about 25 minutes now I do have about three or four of the models I'd like to go through which I think we'll have to carry out ill next time but I would be interested to know if anybody has any questions anything I'd like to go over on what I've talked about so far and whether indeed you would like to come back to a further webinar and in the future on which I cover things such as variable speeds along full paths and pseudo paths having parts moving at different speeds depending on part type and showing how we can link multiple path works together into a larger network and seeing as I have got a few more minutes in that case I will move on to the next model just to share briefly some of the things we can do so I'm going to open up variable speeds along a path in this model I have two different part types traveling along the paths and you can see they are different speeds if I look at my path which is a walkway rather than using the default function which relates the length of the path in pixels to a defined walk rate I have got a function in my own called calculate path speed which is active if I look at that built-in function that function checks this value this attribute luggage label attached to my part and if it looks at the path and identifies it as a full part it travels at one speed if it is an empty part it travels at another speed so simply by executing that function every time a part joins a path it will assign the correct travel time for the part which means you can have multiple parts on the path and parts overtaking other parts so there is quite a useful piece of functionality that you can have and it can do the same thing in pseudo paths so here again I have two machines sending parts along a path way to machine m3 and I'm using pseudo paths as before if I go and take a look at my model options paths dialog then on here every time a part arrives on a certain path it picks up the time as being this variable they are travel time we our travel time is displayed on the screen here and it's executed on actions on entry so every time the part leaves machine and one machine one or machine to to go along a pseudo path to machine three depending on the part type the travel time will be set it uses a walk time which is little the distance between the two machines in this case I divide one by team and multiply one by two to get a noticeable difference in speed the machine rule again pushing to machine three using path because there are no physical path created witness will attempt to send parts along a pseudo path a pseudo path to the imaginary line drawn between elements along which parts will travel model options paths to make that to work I could turn all of these off because I have no path elements in the model or I have a pseudo path so as long as that is enabled then my parts will travel along pseudo path and you can see that wild part is moving the witness clock is advancing if I were to make the mistake of having the cedar path turned off and this is still trying to push along a path then I will get an error message it can't find a path and it stops it's quite reasonable to do so I think okay so we've seen two or three models on simple parts of paths there is more we can talk about but given the time is now advancing and the session was due to end at around half past four I think it's the time when I shall stop speaking the webinar will be available for download in not too long time and the models will be available for you to take a look at as well as will the blog which has a number of words wrapped around the models which will hopefully help you find your way through what - thank you for your attention your time and I hope you've got a lot out of it and have a good day