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right let's get started my name is Jay I'm one of the teachers here at e2 language and one of the Pte academic experts what we're going to do in this live class is look at describe image which is one of the Pte speaking tasks and it's probably the most challenging one yes it's probably the most challenging one because well you have to really just be spontaneous you have to think on your feet it requires spontaneous language construction whatever that is let me just get started and stop waffling let's think about what happens in Pte speaking describe image what happens is this this is what you're going to see on test day and you look at this and without a method and without proper training this is going to be pretty tough because what's going to happen is you're going to have 25 seconds to prepare to speak and 40 seconds to speak in other words you're going to look at this for 25 seconds then this little microphone ething here is going to change and start recording and you'll have 40 seconds to describe this image here so let me just tell you what 25 seconds feels like you can see the timer ticking down there and if you have no idea what to do if you haven't got a developed method to describe this image well those 25 seconds are going to be a bit terrifying and you're going to sort of sit there and think holy moley what am I gonna do three two one and then beep the microphone will beep or it will turn red or whatever it does I'm not sure I did do the Pte by the way and I got straight 90s I can't remember what the microphone did anyway before we look at a method I want to tell you how it's scored because I want you to understand this it's critical to understand how this thing is scored so you can get a top score Petey speaking describe image focuses on three things content pronunciation and oral fluency let's think about content content is well first of all you need to distinguish between labeling a graph and describing a graph this is not what you want to do this is what you want to do you've got to describe the graph there's a big difference you don't want to label it let me tell you what I mean here so some clever people will go into the Pte and they'll say describe an image that's easy let me show you how to do this this is a line graph it has a title the title says proportion of population aged over 65 age 65 and over this graph also has an x axis it has one two three four five six different years the y axis is in percentage from 30 down to zero and that my friends is called labeling the graph and yes you'll do okay you'll do work okay for 45 maybe but what you need to do is describe it and there's something very different to describing an image rather than labeling it I'm going to show you in a second what that means and how to describe it by the way let's keep thinking about scoring pronounciation what does that mean well you get marked out of 5 and what we want to aim for is this one here we want native like pronounciation I've got to tell you II to language has now helped I don't know thousands tens of thousands maybe tens of thousands of people pass their academic and without a doubt the number one problem that people have ears pronunciation maybe it's not your problem maybe it's actually the Pte computer's problem but nevertheless that's the way it's programmed it seems unfair that somebody can get really high scores and everything and yet they're speaking score will be down in the 50s for example because pronunciation and oral fluency are terrible there's a few reasons why this happens and why it feels so unfair one of the reasons is that the PT II is programmed with native English from Australians Americans Canadians New Zealanders and British for example so Filipinos Indians Bangladeshis Pakistanis wherever you're from in the world they didn't use your English to program it they used my English and in KY is English for example so even if your English is really good like you speak English at home you speak English at work whatever maybe you were educated in English if you're speaking in Indian English or Filipino English it's tough it's tough one of the things that they look for is this native like pronunciation what does that mean well let me give you an example a lot of Indians have problems with the distinction between verb and were for example an Indian might say something like it sounds to me like vibrant when in fact this should be a V vibrant so this sound here is often mispronounced it should be not whoa whoa so little sounds like this the difference between vert and work is the difference between native land on ca ssin and non-native LA like so maybe if you made these sorts of mistakes they're not mistakes your language is fine but that's not how the PT looks at it you might get a good for example not a native like you want to aim for a native life so it's tough one of the things you might need to do is take a consultation with us in your tutorial what we can do is identify the particular sounds that you're mispronouncing and guide you on how to rectify how to change those sounds so you can sound more native like even if you just do it for the exam and then you keep your Indian accent or your Filipino accent outside it doesn't but this Pte demands native-like English there's a bit of a definition that they give that means that you are understood easily by regular English speakers what I mean there is if you're speaking to me who is a regular English speaker and I have to strain to understand you like I have to sort of think what'd she say oh oh oh vibrant right right right if I have to stir like that drain that Ossining I need to understand you immediately and precisely cool we also have this app which might help you it's called e to pronounce and it actually corrects your pronunciations part of your package that you buy when you sign up to us oral fluency you're also scored on oral fluency and again you need native Lac oral fluency that means that you speak smoothly with rhythm and phrasing you do not hesitate repeat yourself or restart your sentences there's two things going on here I want to talk about one is you speak smoothly what does that mean this means that you're not searching for words and you're not searching for grammar to put those words into in other words the phrases that you're saying the sentences that you're saying come to you immediately there's no sort of building these sentences in your mind before you say them just like in your first language they just appear they just appear words appear sentences appear and you can just describe and discuss and all that sort of stuff now the other thing is you have to do it with a rhythm which means that your sentences go up and down in the right place as your words go up and down in the right places for example I have a friend and he says instead of determined he was to determine something says determine determine versus determine maybe that's a pronunciation issue actually phrasing so when you speak you're chunking words together you're chunking you're not speaking like a robot you are in fact chunking your words together to make phrases here's the hesitation thing try not to repeat yourself or restarting sentences is also not good you want to avoid hesitations for example the line chart represents the number of people that that's an example of hesitating you don't want to do that you need to avoid repetitions the lot the line chart represent represents the number of the number of people that that that play play basketball avoid repetitions avoid false starts the line chart represents I mean the bar graph represents the number of people sorry the number of students who play I mean I'm sorry computer please forgive me the number of students who watch basketball I mean I'm sorry again olia who watched swimming you should never apologize to the PT computer by the way never do that so in summary how you're scored on described image is content which means how well you describe the image you get scored out of five pronunciation how clearly you describe the image you get scored out of five and oral fluency which means how smoothly you describe the image and you get scored out of five cool fine now we've talked about that what types of images will you see in your exam well this is where it gets a little bit scary you will see bar charts this is a this is the you'll see also see the bar chart that's that's that's horizontal that goes up this is the one that goes sideways so you'll see both of those types you'll see double bar charts they look really similar except this one actually is showing two things here you can see the green one and the and the brown one here so you'll see double bar charts you'll see two bar charts for example you might see a bar chart that looks like this which by the way I have no idea what it's called but here there's there's different wildlife volcano storms landslides and they're all included inside this this bar here if anyone knows what they're called please put that into the chat below I'd like to know line charts where's my mouse going line charts that looked like this pie charts that's probably the East one to look at double pie charts multiple graphs so here we have a table and a bar chart you might see a diagram or a process table or tables plural you might even see a map now there's also I don't know if you ever see images like a photograph but maybe that's possible maybe that's possible I'm not sure anyway all of those ones I just showed you are what you possibly will see on test day because on test day you'll get five or six of these images to describe not just one five or six in a row one bar graph one line chart it would be mixed up like that all right we need a method we need a method that cuts through makes our job easier on test day we need to work out how to do this step by step in a process so we're going to have a three step method we're going to have an introductory sentence we're going to have an image description and a concluding sentence these are the three parts the three parts will go for about this long so your introductory sentence go for about five seconds then you'll describe the image for about 25 seconds then you'll conclude in a single sentence which will take you about five seconds so all up here were aiming for about 35 seconds okay I said before that this task is for 40 seconds you have from zero to 40 seconds to describe the image buts aiming for 35 seconds is probably best because one of the things you don't want to do is go all the way to 40 seconds you don't want to keep speaking at 40 seconds because the microphone will just stop and if you're midway through a sentence it will just cut you off one of the things you can do and what I did in my PT is I just click Next so I describe the image for 35 seconds I introduced it described it conclude sentence I've got to about 35 seconds and I just click next went to the next image introduced described concluded next introduced described concluded take it to 35 seconds it's a good number if you go more or slightly more a slightly less that's fine by the way and I'll answer questions at the end if you have questions let's think about the introduction how to introduce this image this is the one that goes for about five seconds it's a single sentence maybe two sentences usually one sentence right what we want to do when we first look at this is this we want to say this bar graph represents the title plus the x-axis so something like this bar chart represents the reason why people think crime occurs according to various influences including TV personal experience radio and others let me map this out for you now one of the things you'll notice this is the title so we want to start here this bar graph represents number one why people think crime is blah-blah-blah-blah-blah then I'm just sort of I'm looking there something what the hell is the x-axis in this I need to go back actually I need to go back this is tricky the reason why people think crime occurs are ok this is a little bit different I've just to do this bar graph represents sorry I made a mistake this is what we do we say we start with this first of all we identify that it's a bar graph and we say this is number one actually this bar graph represents number two got myself mixed up there the title then we move to number three which is the x-axis which is here in fact which looks like a y-axis because it's on the side so we go 1 this bar graph represents the reasons why people think crime occurs according to various influences included including TV newspapers and radio so I want you to do this let me do it again this actually let's do it really basically for the first one I just want you to repeat after me I know that sounds sort of patronizing I don't want it to be patronizing I just wanted to follow me let's do this together this bar graph represents the reasons why people think crime occurs according to various media outlets including TV newspapers and radio cool now you try in three two one introduce this graph please cool one of the things that you would have noticed is that the title you can't just read that title because this bar graph represents why do people think there is more crime no you can't do that so oftentimes in PT describe image you have to rearrange the title so it makes grammatical sense so instead of saying this bar graph represents why do people think there is more crime which doesn't make sense you'll say this bar graph represents the reason why people think there is more crime then you move to the x-axis here and you have to of course you wouldn't just read all of these you wouldn't say including TV from what I read in newspapers variants of people own personal experiences rich you'll choose maybe three including TV newspapers and radio right let's do it again and his phone hopefully will be a little bit easier so what I want to do is introduce this graph in a single sentence saying this bar chart represents the title in the x-axis fine I'm going to say something like this bar chart represents how many millions of hectares of forests existed from before the 1700s to 2010 according to two types of forests tropical and temperate let me try to do this again without looking freestyle so I'm gonna introduce this now there's no real title but I'm gonna sort of make one up here so that's this is number one and then I'm gonna go up here and sort of make up a title then I'm gonna go down here to the real x-axis and I'm gonna go from here to here so this bar graph represents how many million hectares of forest were deforested including tropical and temperate from pre 1700 to 2010 I'm gonna do it again this bar graph represents how many millions of hectares were lost including tropical and temperate from before the 1700s to 2010 I'm gonna do it again this bar chart represents the number of millions of hectares that were lost to deforestation from before the 1700s to 2010 including tropical forests and temperate forests you can see that there's a method but there's also flexibility I just did it three different ways when you practice you should just try and be flexible let the sentence sentences formulate let them come as they are but do follow that three-step pattern your turn please introduce this graph in three two one start good you should have said the type of graph you should have mentioned this you should have mentioned the x-axis and you should have mentioned both of these now you will notice that I haven't really been getting into the y-axis yet and to be quite honest I'm probably not going to spend much time in the y-axis because it's extremely confusing but we'll get to that when we start to describe the image let's continue to introduce graphs this one here has two bar charts okay there's no title or is there a title because if you look closely you can see percentage of rural population using solid fuels okay again it's got these two different it's a double bar graph the poorest quintile in the richest quintile what's a quintile I have no idea but it doesn't matter because what I'm going to do on test day is just describe whatever I see even if I don't really understand it I'm gonna kind of fake it okay cool and then what have we got here well we've got names of countries Bangladesh Brazil China Ethiopia etc so let me describe this without reading it here we go these bar charts represent here we go these bar charts represent the percentage of rural population using solid fuels across various countries including Bangladesh Brazil and China including the poorest and the richest quintile I'm gonna do it again I'm gonna say these bar charts represent the percentage of the population living in rural areas who use solid fuels across various countries including Bangladesh China and India in the poorest and the richest quintile let's have a look at what I actually wrote what you will notice is that because we had two charts I don't say this chart represents I say these charts represents our grammar must change a little bit the title and the x-axis so I said these bar charts represent the percentage of the population using solid fuels that time I took the title almost word-for-word because I could because it was grammatical in the richest and poorest quintile across various countries including Bangladesh Brazil China Ethiopia and more your turn please introduce this graph in three two one start cool let me just see that people are alive and well in the chat here by the way if you're in this webinar and this in the screens not formatting well for you go to youtube go to our p te channel this is streaming live on youtube and it will fit on your screen if you having problems viewing this please view it on youtube if you're on youtube by the way please click like leave a comment and make this video number one that would be great okay cool alright someone says that a quintile is a hundred kilograms there you go you learn something every day so you'll have to find just type in e to PT e into YouTube cool let's keep going I'm going to keep introducing these graphs we've got another bar chart here and we're going to do it the exact same thing I'm gonna say this bar chart represents the absolute number of annual global deaths from natural disasters by decade including natural catastrophes like wildfire volcanic activity and storms from 1900 to 2015 call systemic there we go I said this bar chart represents the title and then I actually went here and here fine this bar chart represents the title and the x-axis your turn in thrip does introduce this graph in three two one start I don't know if you can see that by the way let me just tell you this is this is 1900 and this is 2015 there's your x-axis so this bar chart represents the absolute number of annual global deaths from natural disasters including wild fire volcano storms and landslides from 1900 to 2015 that's our introduction it's perfect let's keep going line chart here we go so what do I do I say this line chart because it's a line chart so this is number one then I go to number two the title and then I go to the x-axis here number three so I say this line chart represents the price of crude oil in dollars per barrel from 1861 to 2015 that you could you could hear a little bit of hesitation in my voice then so the Pitti algorithm is probably gone not very good because I was has a look afore me late my sentences let me try again this line chart represents crude oil prices measured in US dollars per barrel from 1861 to 2015 better better oral fluency the words flowed more smoothly my pronunciation was crisp and my content score was good because I just did describe or introduce that graph very well this line graph represents the title plus the x-axis your turn in three two one go cool you may have done is you may have just gone straight to this because it's a part of the title that's fine you could have said this line chart represents crude oil prices from 1861 to 2015 there's a little subtitle here in u.s. dollars per barrel so you could include that extra little bit of information fine here's another line chart it's exactly the same except it's filled up so let's do this one so I'm gonna do this line chart it's a line chart title and then I'm gonna do x-axis here this line graph or line chart let me start again this line chart represents the number of international tourists who arrive by world region from the years 1950 to 2016 so I sort of moved this around a little bit please introduce this graph in three two one start cool good let's do a pie chart again this pie chart represents the title so I'm going to do pie chart represents title there's no x-axis however there are a number of countries here so I'll use this as my x-axis this will be number 3 down here so I'm gonna say this pie chart represents how much money countries spent on their military in billions of dollars in 2013 including countries such as Germany India Japan and France whoa what happened here well I've got this crazy title and I couldn't make it work grammatically so I had to move it all around I said this pie chart represents how much money countries spent on their military I did not say this pie chart represents countries by military expenditures why because it just sounds a little bit weird it's probably not quite grammatical so I just in that moment I I move that stuff around how much money countries spent on their military in billions of dollars in 2014 including Germany India Japan and France your turn introduced this pie chart in 3 2 1 start good sir this pie chart represents the title plus the x-axis this pie chart represents various countries military expenditures in billions of dollars in 2014 including the USA Germany India and others again I could have read every country here but nah if you want to get a top score just use three examples only okay fine good double pie charts well to be perfectly honest this one doesn't have a title so I have no idea how to do this in the real Pte all of the charts will have titles or something to tell you what this is about one of the one of the reasons why you should be careful of using some of the practice material you find on YouTube is that it's misleading and if anything it will do more damage than good creating Pte materials is a bit of an art form it's not easy we've got a team here of expert linguists who actually really know how to deconstruct and rewrite tests so the material that you use is actually spot-on it's the same or very similar to what you will experience on test day I've seen a number of YouTube videos that just make me shudder because it's just totally off the mark reorder paragraphs holy moley some of them just don't even have answers anyway enough of that this one is one of those examples we can't do it with this one but what we must remember is we're talking about these pie charts represent so we change that grammatically a little bit the title plus the x-axis fine and this mixed graphs well what do you do here okay the same principle applies we got a table and we got a bar chart here now this doesn't have any title but I can see it's about visas so I'm gonna say something like these graph this graph there we go I've just failed the PT everybody my grammar score just plumb to these graph happens to the best of us what you need to do when you make mistakes like that is just push on really they actually I've looked at the scorecard this is for IELTS and PT you are allowed to make minor grammatical mistakes it's actually fine they don't expect you to be perfect because if you listen to native English speakers speak in fact they make a lot of grammatical mistakes and they'll often say this graph represent for example which I just did anyway let's try that again these graphs represent how many visas were issued according to various countries across various time spans for skilled regional and skilled independent visas okay you're gonna notice something else that I did there it doesn't mention anywhere about countries but you know what I'm not going to do I'm not going to restart or apologize to the computer I've made a boo-boo I've made a mistake I'm just gonna push on I'm just gonna say these graphs represent the visas issued by independent and regional visas including the totals as well as the invitations issued from 2012 to 2013 in other words I'm just sort of trying to do my best that's the best that you can do this is a tricky one whoopsie what's going on here all right let's keep going because we've got a few more to introduce before we get to the the description diagrams here we go so what does this diagram represent well it's the same method this diagram represents how how hydro-electric power is generated right from the head gate and intake right through to the generator and turbine I'm going to do it again this diagram represents how hydroelectric power is generated including the head gate electricity and turbine I'm going to do it again this diagram represents how hydro electric power is gener raided right from the beginning to the end including the generator and turbine fine this is how you practice for this by the way your turn describe this diagram in 3 2 1 start cool no problem tables these tables represent various currencies that have high failure rates for purchases including South Africa Colombia and Switzerland I'm going to do it again these tables represent various currencies that have problems when buying something online and failure rates including South Africa Colombia and Switzerland I'm going to do it again these two tables represent currencies with high online failure rates for purchases as well as total ratios for purchases in popular currencies including countries such as South Africa Colombia and the European Union cool your turn introduce these tables in three two one start cool this table or these tables represent you choose fine that's fine that's fine ah fine fine fine Maps here we go write what you do with maps because maybe your geographies not that good maybe you don't know which countries which and that's fine because if you don't know countries you can use north east south and west just said northern countries oh sorry northern countries Eastern countries southern countries Western countries if you get it wrong if you get the country's wrong it doesn't matter too much what's worse is if you stop hesitate restart and apologize the computer which you should never do let's try this so I'm gonna look at this map I can see ok it's a whole world there all the countries pinks and purples pasa scores education test scores by the OECD 2012 I can see a range of test scores down the bottom from 300 to 700 so I'm going to introduce this map by saying this map represents the P is a scores including education test scores in the OECD in 2012 from 300 to 700 I'm going to do it again this map represents the P I sa scores the education test scores in the OECD in 2012 from 300 to 700 including countries that have no data cool your turn please introduce this map you want to go 1 you want to go to and you want to go 3 in 3 2 1 start goodgoodgood right right right we know how to do that okay okay we've just learned how to introduce any image you see on test day including maps tables diagrams double bar charts double pie charts the whole kit and kaboodle fantastic that was step one now we're on to step two where we need to describe the image and this is where it gets well this is where it's it's less formulaic it's not just introductions quite easy now it's up to you to use your language skills to describe what's happening with that data over time I'm just gonna sort of show you what I would do this one's gonna go for about 25 seconds so I'm gonna get my stopwatch out and if you have a phone please get your stopwatch out so you can see how long you're speaking for and what I'm going to do is I'm going to introduce then I'm going to speak for about 25 seconds on this now I haven't done this before that's why I'm sort of making many mistakes by the way but why not let's just do it so my introductions going to be like this I know that I've got to introduce this bar graph represents the title plus the x-axis fine then I'm gonna spend 25 seconds talking about TV newspapers radio internet and blah blah blah here we go so I press start now this bar chart represents the reasons why people think there is so much crime in the world according to various media sources such as TV radio and the internet TV is the most commonly sort of thing that man people think there is in the world second there is newspapers which account for up to 48% of the reason why people think there is much crime personal experience comes in at just 20 percent followed by radio and the internet accounts for only 3% that was terrible that was absolutely terrible I need to practice my describe image let's do it again I'm gonna do it one more time right here we go this bar chart represents the reasons why people think there is so much crime including TV radio and internet amongst other things that influence people TV accounts for 57% of the reasons why people think there is much crime radio by contrast comes in at just 15 percent while the Internet explains only 3 percent of the reasons why people think there is much crime okay that was better that was better now did I describe everything in that x-axis nor I only chose 3 things I talked about TV radio and the Internet why because they were just the first things that came into my mind so it's actually impossible to describe all of those different I don't know what they are media influences I'm trying to think of some sort of category for them that's probably why I'm struggling a little bit no problem your turn I want you to introduce and then describe this graph in three two one start and stop cool how did you go you should have introduced it with that single sentence this bar graph represents tidal x-axis then describe some of the key features for 25 seconds right we need to stop and think for a second because we've kind of missed an important step which is that we actually get 25 seconds to prepare to speak what should we do in that 25 seconds well me I would run through the introduction this bar chart represents the reasons why people think there is so much crime including various media outlets such as TV radio and the Internet okay fine so I've got my my my my introduction worked out that's no problem I do one two three four my introduction but what I really want to spend my time doing in the twenty five seconds is looking at this data and thinking okay more than that though what I want to do is I want to come up with a sentence type that will make it easy a sentence that I can just repeat what about TV accounts for that's a nice way to do this let's try that TV accounts for fifty seven percent of the reasons why people think there is so much crime newspapers by contrast are about ten percent less radio surprisingly is only fifteen percent and the internet accounts for just three percent of the reasons why people think there is so much crime accounts for that's a nice way to do it TV accounts for about fifty seven percent try that again just describe this graph for twenty seconds using accounts for TV accounts for fifty seven percent three two one start cool all right the other thing that I did was this I said I said okay so TV accounts accounts for 57% of the reason why people think there is so much crime then I did radio by contrast radio by contrast only accounts for 15% so I've sort of control our statistics here let's keep pushing on because that's just the first one what about double bar charts well this bar chart represents how many million hectares of forests including tropical and temperate were harvested from the pre seventeen hundreds to two thousand ten in the pre 1700s temperate rainforests accounted for four hundred million hectares of deforestation this number decreased dramatically until 1995 until it almost completely disappeared tropical rainforest by contrast has fluctuated from the pre 1700s where it was quite high in 1950 down to 2010 where accounted for just a hundred million hectares I've probably spoken for way too long but you can see what I did I introduced the graph fine then I started just with temperate rain for temperate forests and I said there's been a what did I say a dramatic decline over the period from the 1700s to 1995 then for tropical forests I said it's fluctuated throughout the period and I said it reached a peak in 1979 or 1950 rather something like that so really what I've done is two things I've I've described a trend here and then here I've described a trend saying it fluctuated and then I've described a particular data point why did I do that well it was just the first thing that came to my head while I was looking at I didn't give myself the 25 seconds preparation time I'm gonna give you 25 seconds to prepare and then I want you to introduce and describe the key features of the graph here we go you're 25 seconds preparation time starts now the scribe introduced the graph rather in three two one start the key features and stop that's 30 seconds they should have introduced and then described this graph cool let's push on let's do this one here so let's look at it for 25 seconds I'm just gonna in my mind I'm gonna say these bar charts represents the percentage of the rural population using solid fuels according to the poorest and richest quintiles in countries such as Bangladesh Brazil Egypt and Ethiopia fine okay what can I see here I can see that there are two charts but I can't really make out why they're different why are there two charts okay I'm just gonna make it up I'm gonna say in the first chart Bangladesh Ethiopia and India used the most amount of solid fuels in the second chart Bangladesh Ethiopia and India as well as China used the most amount of solid fuels something like that I just have to quickly make a decision like this what I'm going to describe and oftentimes what's easiest is just to do the biggest or the smallest okay so let me try this here we go these bar charts represent the percentage of the rural population that use solid fuels in the poorest and richest quintiles in various countries including Bangladesh Brazil China and others Etha is the same amount or almost exactly the same amount depending on both the poorest and the richest quintiles in the second chart the richest quintile is far less in Ethiopia in India in the second chart the richest quintile is almost non-existent whereas the poorest quintile is quite high at around 90 what am I talking about I have no idea you try this is tough this is tough here we go 25 seconds to prepare then I want you to introduce and describe these graphs so your 25 seconds starts now I want to introduce and describe the graphs in three two one start you and that's 30 seconds good work so hopefully you introduced and described the chair I hopefully didn't hesitate too much hopefully you didn't um an hour ago hmm ah it's ah none of those types of noises even if you're really confused about what you were describing as long as you stayed calm and just made sure that you're pronouncing your scent your words properly and that your sentences were formulated correctly let's do some easier ones because these I think I've made them too hard for you let's do this one this one looks a bit easier okay let's I'll go first and then I want you to do it so introduce the line graph represents crude oil prices in US dollars per barrel from 1861 to 2015 fine I've got the introduction now I need to look at this I need to say crude oil prices were highest around 1961 1980 and again in 2015 the lowest price of crude was in about 1870 okay 18 1945 and again in about the mid 1960s okay great I've got my description here we go this line chart represents crude oil prices in u.s. dollars per barrel from 1861 to 1880 the highest price of crude occurred in 1861 1980 and around 2015 the lowest price of crude was in about the mid 1850s I've just made a mistake but I'll keep going early 1940's and around 1965 cool that was fine you heard me make a mistake about the accuracy of what I was saying about the graph but I I'll just keep going I'll just keep going I made a blunder I just push on cool your turn please look at this graph for 25 probably don't need to let's just do it please introduce and describe this graph three two one start that's 30 seconds how did you go by the way if you're on YouTube please click like if you're liking and learning from this lesson right and we'll miss that one let's do this one this one's a bit tricky because it's got that tricky title let me go first okay so I'm gonna do this pie chart represents the title and then the x-axis I'm just going to list three countries for example okay what can I see though in this graph USA accounts for almost half of military expenditure at almost 600 billion dollars the next biggest is China followed by Saudi Arabia the lowest is Germany and India okay great I've got my key features here we go this pie chart represents how much money countries spend on their military military billions less in 2014 including countries such as Germany India and Japan the USA spends the most amount of money on its military at nearly six hundred billion dollars this is followed by China and then closely followed by Saudi Arabia Germany India and Japan spend the least on their military around forty five billion dollars each cool your turn introduce and describe the graph in three two one start okey-dokey cool how did you go let's skip on and do some other ones okay let's try the diagram with this one it's a process it's a diagram so we need to talk about first this happens then this happens followed by this and finally this happens now I actually don't think this is a great diagram to do this with but nevertheless let's just try and let's just practice this diagram represents how hydroelectric power is generated showing right from the head gate right through to the generator and the turbine first of all water is taken in through the intake and the trash rack which then flows along the central cavity into the transformer and generator this spins to create a turbine which then powers electricity I have no idea if that's true by the way but anyway your turn let's just do it three two one start okay that's 30 seconds and that's all good fine tables okay let's do this one why not I'll go first Oh deep breath these tables represent various currencies that have high failure rates for purchases in various countries including South Africa Colombia and Switzerland South Africa has the highest rates of failure purchase with a decline rate of 73 closely followed by Colombia and then Switzerland Denmark Guatemala and Peru Peru have the lowest rates of failure for purchases okay I just described the lift table but that's all I could sort of manage your turn in three two one start and stop cool fine let's push on here we go Maps okay no problem let's do a map I'm going to time myself this time because I feel like I've been going too short here we go three two one I'll start this map represents P is a scores including education test scores in the OECD in the year 2012 in math reading and science with the scores varying between 300 and 700 Russia and northern America including Canada as well as China have the highest P is a scores South America Indonesia and some countries in Central Asia have the lowest was at around 350 was what I said accurate well not really I probably got some of those countries wrong but does that really matter not really the most important thing is that I just kept talking didn't correct myself didn't M&R and didn't hesitate don't don't worry if you get that wrong let's do this one you do it in three two one start and stop that's 30 seconds cool all right we're now up to the conclusion we've learned how to introduce we've learned how to describe but I guess there's no real method for the description the description really is about finding a key subject and then formulating a sentence that'll work for all of those following sentences the description requires practice it absolutely requires practice you can see that even me as a native English speaker and English language teacher and Pte expert I haven't studied these graphs I'm just doing it as we're sitting here now I mean I made the presentation but you can see that even I'm struggling to describe this without falling into umming and ahhing and hesitating it's tough I should have practiced before I did this to make it less of a fool of myself but anyway at least you know how hard this actually is let's focus on the conclusion the conclusion is a bit more straightforward the conclusion or the concluding sentence should go for about five seconds so now we're up to after we've done the introductory sentence in the image description we're up to 30 seconds so we've got about five we've actually got ten seconds left but let's just use five seconds to say one sentence that starts with the word overall why because we want to trigger the computer to know that we're concluding because according to the score guide if you conclude you get a top mark so this is how we let the computer know that we're concluding we say overall then we move on to the main trend overall main trend or overall one or two main points the end so let's do this now so I'm gonna run through the whole thing from beginning to end I'm gonna tie myself I'm gonna of 40 seconds and away we go this bar graph represents various reasons why people think there is more crime in the world including TV newspapers and radio over all our TV accounts for almost 57% of the reasons why people think there is a lot of crime newspapers follow second at forty eight percent followed by personal experiences of individuals more police on the streets and the fact that people don't know account for just 1% overall we can see that media such as TV newspapers and radio is most influential and stop at 37 seconds your turn here we go we're going to do the whole thing beginning to end in three two one start three two one and stop that's forty second so when I started to say three you're at 37 seconds how did you go it's a good method it's a good method it's not anything too met like you're not memorizing this you can't memorize it you're memorizing a structure and a process but to actually fill it with content to describe that image well requires language skills like vocabulary and grammar if you don't have the vocab and the grammar if you can't create sentences spontaneously and easily it's going to be hard there's really this is a language test but anyway the methods good because it gives you something to hold - maybe this systematically here we go in 3 2 1 this bar chart represents how much forest has been deforested including tropical and temperate from the pre 1700s to 2010 temperate rainforest has followed a steep decline from the pre 1700s right through to 1979 before it almost entirely vanished in 1995 tropical rainforest fluctuated throughout the period with the most amount of deforestation occurring in 1950 at about 300 overall we can see that there is far more tropical rainforest than temperate rainforest I forgot to time myself by the way your turn 3 2 1 start three two one and stop that's 40 seconds cool let's not do this one because it's so crazily difficult let's skip it and let's skip that one because it's too small let's do this one okie dokie I'm gonna go first in three two one this line chart represents crude oil prices in u.s. dollars per barrel from the year 1861 to 2015 in 1861 crude oil prices were the highest at about a hundred and twenty dollars per barrel this decreased significantly all the way through to the mid 1960s before it reached another peak in 1980 at about a hundred and ten dollars per barrel this decreased before increasing again until 2015 where it reached a final peak overall prices have fluctuated over the period of time fine that was 38 seconds your turn in 3 2 1 start three two one and stop cool let's do another one let's do this one here here we go I'll go first this pie chart represents how much money countries spend on their military in billions of dollars in 2014 the USA spends far more than any other country at nearly 600 billion dollars this is followed by China and Saudi Arabia and the countries that spend the least countries such as Germany India and Japan at around forty five billion dollars each the United Kingdom spends about 61 billion dollars overall we can see that the u.s. a far exceeds any other country on military expenditure cool now here's the little trick while I was doing that you might have noticed that I included the United Kingdom why because I'm looking at my phone I'm looking at the timer and in the PT you should be looking at the timer because I'd finished my description at about 26 seconds which is not enough because if I finish my description at 26 add my single sentence conclusion I'm only gonna get to about 32 seconds or something like that so I quickly thought to myself I've got time to describe one more country and so what I quickly did is I don't know why but this one stuck out and I said the United Kingdom spend sixty one point eight billion death Alice then I was only seconds then I knew I could go to my conclusion and then I said overall we can see that the USA far far out spends all the other countries on military expenditure cool so do keep that in mind it's very helpful to look at the clock while you do this your turn in three two one start three two one and stop cool I think you're starting to get the hang of it this is good this is good let's do a couple more right double pie charts we'll skip that we'll skip that I'm gonna skip this just because the diagram it's not a good diagram it's I think you'll find in the PT they're easier than this this one's tough let's do this one this one's okay okay I'm gonna go first this table represents various countries who have low online failure rates for purchases as well as how popular they are in other currencies South Africa is at the top of the list with a decline rate of 73 closely followed by Columbia and then Switzerland Peru Guatemala and Denmark ranked among the lowest countries for failure rates for online purchases in the other table the European Union ranks as the highest overall we can see that most failure rates for online purchases occur in South Africa as well as Colombia your turn in three two one start three two one and stop that's 40 seconds what else we got the last one last one here we go maps fine I'm gonna make mistakes I'm gonna say things that are inaccurate but it doesn't matter I'm just going to stay calm I'm going to concentrate on my pronunciation and my oral fluency and I'm just gonna speak up to 35 seconds using the method here we go this map represents the P is a scores and education test scores in the OECD in 2012 for mathematics reading and science with the scores varying from 300 to 700 as we can see there is no data for countries such as Australia Western Papua India and other countries countries that scored the highest on these tests included China as well as Canada and some parts of Western Europe overall we can see that test scores were quite low and range between the scores of 350 to 450 overall your turn in three two one start three two one and stop cool let's recap what we learned so we learned about scoring we learned about scoring we learned that content is important this means how well you describe the image this by the way includes your grammar and your vocabulary and also means did you describe the key features really this is about those key features using correct grammar and vocabulary right pronunciation is about how clearly you describe the image how easily you would be understood by me for example oral fluency how smoothly how this is about not hesitating not aiming and re not restarting sentences not correcting yourself and certainly not apologizing to the computer you kind of have to fake it right the method is this there is three parts we want to introduce the graph we want to describe the image so I introduced the image describe the image and then conclude in a single sentence the introduction should be 5 seconds describe the image for about 25 seconds and conclude in a single sentence this should take you up to around 35 seconds total and you can stop here and then you can click the next button to move on to the next one the introduction is a sentence of 5 seconds that says this type of graph represents for example this chart this type this map whatever it is represents the title plus the x-axis we also learned that you have to be quite flexible because if you're going to read the title sometimes you have to rearrange it to make it grammatically possible to use that title we also learned that the x axis can be like this or like this or it can be the name of countries requires practice it absolutely requires practice second part of the method is when you describe the image and this goes for 25 seconds you want to speak up to 30 seconds are your introduction the key to this one is to choose the sentence in the preparation time you have 25 seconds to prepare to speak in which case you should quickly run through the introduction but then you should really be thinking about choosing how you're going to formulate your sentences I think the best way to think about this is if we think about a sentence as a subject verb object what's going to be the subject of your sentence is it going to be 47% of people watch TV every night or is it going to be people what TV every number you have to decide in that time and you need to think quickly and spontaneously finally you want to conclude in about five seconds where you just say overall the main trend or overall and then maybe a couple of main points or maybe one this should take you up to 35 seconds and my friends smiley face that is how you do describe image just before we finish and go to Q&A I want to talk to you about a little concept that I've been thinking about with language tests and learning languages and how you can succeed in your test and I I think about it like this this is a very popular for eight people talk about fake it until you make it fake it until you make it which means that you're probably not that good and you just try your best which is okay this is a phrase that I prefer it's called learn it until you earn it learn it until you earn it this one will make you a bit afraid on test day if you really do practice and you learn those fundamental skills you'll go into that test feeling good you're going in feeling much better you can fake it until you make it and you might get the score you need or you can actually do the hard work build your vocabulary improve your grammar and focus on your pronunciation so that you can nail the Pte if you need help do check out the website which is II to language dot-com if you need help with your PT II check us out by the way if you're on YouTube please click like and leave a lovely comment I'd much appreciate that that's all let's go to Q&A any questions you have any questions any questions well we've got a few questions or lights actually okay let's not talk about reading men in if the in the pie chart it is mentioned that others have the lowest percentage then should we say for example the coal produces highest energy and other sources produces like yes okay yes four key features keep it simple keep it as simple as possible just do the highest point and the lowest points there's no rewards for being complex with your graph description if you're looking at a bar chart and there's some really high ones and there's a really low ones just describe the highest and then the lowest and that's it for 25 seconds don't talk about you know complex relationships and data no just keep it simple sug says I'm hesitating a lot how can I stop hesitating what are some tips for improving okay why are you hesitating two reasons one you don't have the vocabulary at your disposal - you don't have the sentence structure to put the vocabulary in at your disposal just in other words you need to build your fundamental skills you also need to practice this task because you just saw me stuff up quite a few of these struggle with quite a few of them and not you know definitely not perfect I could do with some practice with this that definitely requires practice okay so ash is getting low scores on pronunciation every time how to improve right so as I talked about if you're an Indian English speaker then you're going to have to make a conscious mmm if it to change the way you speak or say particular sounds because they're non-native like now it doesn't mean that Australian English is better than Indian English or anything like that but it means that the PT has been programmed with native English so you need to be conscious of the words that you're not mispronouncing the words that you're pronouncing that a non-native like that's where you probably need an expert to sort of say hey go take a tutorial with one of our teachers for example and they'll point out particular sounds you're making mistakes with and tell you how to improve it Bowl isn't mandatory to give a conclusion at the end please suggest how to give an illusion for process diagram okay fine it's not mandatory but if you want to get a top score yes it says in the score guide that a conclusion is part of it so that's why we put in that single sentence that says overall bla bla bla for the process you would say overall this process shows us how to make hydro electricity overall this process shows how to separate diamonds from mud etc I'm stuck with only one two points in my previous speaking test four times what should I do sign up to one of our packages oh my god I spoke to a person yesterday who had failed the PT 15 times 15 times what's 15 times three hundred dollars thirty fifty five my maths is terrible a lot of money if you take a good preparation course you can save yourself not just a lot of money and a lot of time but a lot but of full G this person was going a bit crazy on that seriously 15 is not the most by the way the record is 18 18 s the highest this was a guy who decided that he was going to do it himself he was going to pass this PT by himself he failed at 15 I think was 15 times by himself then he came to us and then he failed another three times before passing but you can see how we you know we didn't help him pass in the first time because he needed significant help in improvement of pronunciation but after three times instead of 15 times that's the difference it's crazy well sure yes four and a half grand says Bella Sun thanks my maths is absolutely a bully okay just looking at these questions oh my god everyone's still here I thought you'd all be gone now yes II to pronounce if you're a paid member do use the software use e to pronounce to refine particular sounds that you're having trouble with son asks how can I consult with an e to language teacher do I need to pay first before the consultation yes the first thing that happens when you sign up with us is you get a study plan consultation where you'll meet with the teacher one-on-one and talk about your previous scores talk about your weaknesses develop a bit of a pathway for you to study efficiently and effectively included in your packages things like tutorials and written feedback as well as e to pronounce lots of practice material live mock tests every Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday there's lots and lots to be gained huh my writing score is 90 in my previous attempt but my vocab score is 77 how is it possible the relationship between you're enabling skills and your communicative skills is unclear I do not know and the PT II do not tell us how that relationship works because yeah as I said I got 90 in reading writing listening speaking and I got 90 in all of my enabling skills but for spelling I got 68 for spelling but I still got 90 in writing I don't know so sign you'll have to if you if you don't know how to use that please email hello at e2 language comm right right right okay somebody's asked a good question in one of the graphs that we looked at about tropical and temperate rainforests there was nothing mentioned about deforestation and I kept talking about deforestation the reason is is because I didn't know what that graph was about and it didn't tell me and so I just made it up I do created that and that's fine if you're looking at a particular graph on test day and it's not giving you enough information as to what it's about feel free to just say okay this is about deforestation whatever that's fine so fake it til you make it earn it till you learn it maybe it's a bit of both maybe it's a bit of both ok here's a great question honey year says is it ok if we start all of our descriptions with the same introductory sentence like this graph represents the title plus the x-axis this graph represents the title plus the x-axis yes it's fine I did it got 90 kya did it got 90 lots of our students have used this method effectively and got not necessarily 90 but certainly the scores they wanted is it a magic formula no because if you don't have grammar and vocabulary it's not about strategy if you have grammar and vocabulary and you have a good command of English then strategy and methods are really important and they can help you to get that score but if you just don't have those fundamental skills it doesn't matter how much strategy and tips it's got nothing to do with that you need to build your foundation or grammar vocabulary pronunciation that's what language is okay no it will not impact vocabulary again and again you can use this because really you're using a bit of a framework but nothing is memorized except for this graph represents this graph represents this line graph represents the rest of it is completely spontaneous language use will the image stay on the screen so that we can see it and yes yes yes that's right the 444 25 seconds preparation it's there and then for the 40 seconds description it's there so you're looking at it the whole time if you have any questions about which package you might want to sign up to or if you can get it email hello @e - language calm alright just checking youtube man what have we got 150 people there's just just the low 300 people watching this okay somebody's spamming in YouTube okay so Arnold Palmer on YouTube asked with maps if he doesn't know the country's name and let's say it's it's it let's say it's a Indonesia and West Papua and let's say he makes a mistake and says that West Papua its Indonesia is will he lose marks not necessarily I don't think so I don't think it it looks for content and that you're describing the image but I don't think it really pays attention to the precise details of what you're saying so take that pressure off yourself you can make mistakes with the content that's fine that's fine okay okay people are asking about the mock tests at e2 language because they're in different time zones that's fine if you miss it it's at 7:30 p.m. Melbourne Sydney time if you miss it you can watch it again on the website okay okay here's a question for Marielle can you write on your monitor when preparing in the 25 seconds 25 seconds is so quick the only time you have is just to quickly rehearse the introduction and think about what the key features are that's it that's all you don't write anything down in the 25 seconds it goes like that you just look at that image focus on it clear your mind this graph represents the title plus the x-axis okay I'm gonna do the three top features there again then I'm gonna do Peru Colombia then okay go this graph represents blah-blah-blah-blah-blah that's how you do it it's uh it's tough it's really tough anyway I'm exhausted I'm gonna leave you to it thanks very much for coming I appreciate it I hope it was helpful if you need help check out the website otherwise keep practicing get there I'm sure you'll get the mark you need and do whatever you want to do with your life good stuff thanks for coming along you